Screen Technique Research Articles

A Hybrid Image Augmentation Technique for User- and Environment-Independent Hand Gesture Recognition Based on Deep Learning

This research stems from the increasing use of hand gestures in various applications, such as sign language recognition to electronic device control. The focus is the importance of accuracy and robustness in recognizing hand gestures to avoid misinterpretation and instruction errors. However, many experiments on hand gesture recognition are conducted in limited laboratory environments, which do not fully reflect the everyday use of hand gestures. Therefore, the importance of an ideal background in hand gesture recognition, involving only the signer without any distracting background, is highlighted. In the real world, the use of hand gestures involves various unique environmental conditions, including differences in background colors, varying lighting conditions, and different hand gesture positions. However, the datasets available to train hand gesture recognition models often lack sufficient variability, thereby hindering the development of accurate and adaptable systems. This research aims to develop a robust hand gesture recognition model capable of operating effectively in diverse real-world environments. By leveraging deep learning-based image augmentation techniques, the study seeks to enhance the accuracy of hand gesture recognition by simulating various environmental conditions. Through data duplication and augmentation methods, including background, geometric, and lighting adjustments, the diversity of the primary dataset is expanded to improve the effectiveness of model training. It is important to note that the utilization of the green screen technique, combined with geometric and lighting augmentation, significantly contributes to the model’s ability to recognize hand gestures accurately. The research results show a significant improvement in accuracy, especially with implementing the proposed green screen technique, underscoring its effectiveness in adapting to various environmental contexts. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of adjusting augmentation techniques to the dataset’s characteristics for optimal performance. These findings provide valuable insights into the practical application of hand gesture recognition technology and pave the way for further research in tailoring techniques to datasets with varying complexities and environmental variations.

「병신과 머저리」에서 <시발점>으로의 매체전환 연구

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the cinematic transformation of ideological novels took place in the process of media transformation from the 1960s novel 「A Pool and an Idiot」 to the movie <The Starting Point>. At the narrative level, the sense of subject is also changed by changing the dramatic space, character, relationship change, and addition of events.At the narrative level, the sense of subject is also changed by changing the dramatic space, character character, relationship change, and addition of events. In addition, it combines new genre heterogeneity, which is a melodramatic quality that could not be felt in the original novel. The narrative structure changes due to media characteristics, and the narrative itself that conveys the narrative is transformed. In particular, the idea of 「A Pool and an Idiot」 implies essential difficulties in visualization. Director Kim Soo-yong uses various imaging techniques to visualize ideological narratives with irreversible traits. In < The Starting Point>, the description of the original work was reproduced in a sophisticated manner by using flashback, cross-editing, morconom (black and white screen) technique, and animation. This is in line with the meaning that the film mentioned by the bazaar requires a greater imagination in order to reproduce the same as the original work.

КОРЕКЦІЯ РУХОВОГО СТЕРЕОТИПУ ЖІНОК З ЦУКРОВИМ ДІАБЕТОМ І ТИПУ, ЯКІ ПЕРЕНЕСЛИ КЕСАРІВ РОЗТИН, ЗАСОБАМИ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ

Abstract. The Purpose is to determine the effectiveness of the use of physical therapy for the correction of the motor stereotype of women with type I diabetes that underwent cesarean section in the postpartum period.
 Methods 35 women with type 1 diabetes who underwent abdominal delivery (caesarean section) 1 month before the initial examination took part in the study. The control group consisted of 17 women, who recovered in the postpartum period without rehabilitation interventions or according to self-selected methods. 18 women of the comparison group were engaged in a physical therapy program, the effectiveness of which is presented in this study, which lasted 1 month. Within its framework, kinesitherapy was performed with women (therapeutic exercises for the upper and lower limbs, back, abdomen, chest; functional training to correct the movements of habitual activities and those that take care of a child); manual massage (back, abdomen, lower limbs). Means of physical therapy were used to improve the physical qualities of women - flexibility, strength, endurance, dexterity, speed; normalization of psycho-emotional status, which can be changed due to the risk of postpartum depression; improvement of peripheral blood circulation, changed due to diabetic angiopathy; improvement of sensitivity of peripheral tissues and neuromuscular control, altered due to diabetic neuropathy; improvement of tissue sensitivity to insulin and normalization of glucose utilization by tissues.
 The effectiveness of physical status correction was performed according to the standard Functional Movement Screen technique.
 Results The movement capabilities of women with diabetes according to the Functional Movement Screen in the postpartum period were relatively low, which was due to a long period of reduced physical activity, changes in the biomechanics of the body, and postpartum reorganization of the body.
 During the re-examination, the improvement in exercise performance was (respectively in the control group and the comparison group): "deep squat" – 11.9% and 49.2%; "hurdle step" – 17.2% and 31.7%; "in-line lunge" – 35.4% and 86.8%; "shoulder mobility" – 14.0% and 50.3%; "active straight leg raise" – 24.1% and 47.0%; "trunk stability push-up" – 20.0% and 60.4%; "rotary stability" – 34.0% and 67.1%. This is evidenced by the results of FMS in women of the control group, which were statistically significantly better (p<0.05) compared to the original data, but the number of women with low scores was still significant. At the same time, the determination of FMS parameters in women of the comparison group during the repeated examination showed the feasibility of using physical therapy to improve the condition of women with diabetes in the postpartum period, since in this group the repeated results were better not only the initial levels, but also the corresponding indicators of the control group upon re-examination (p<0.05).
 Conclusions After the implementation of a physical therapy program with the use of therapeutic exercises of various orientations, functional training, a statistically significantly better result was found on all tests of the Functional Movement Screen compared to women with type I diabetes who recovered after cesarean section on their own. Therefore, it is advisable to prescribe physical therapy in the process of postpartum recovery of women with diabetes in order to improve their movement pattern and speed up recovery.

An Ecological Context That Scars: Reflections on Three Nature Documentaries of 2020

An Ecological Context That Scars: Reflections on Three Nature Documentaries of 2020

Progress in optical adhesive and lamination process of touch screen in 3C products

AbstractCompared with the traditional keyboard and mouse input method, touch screen technique has high convenience for users. With the development of technology, touch screen is widely application in various electronic products because of their high transmittance, clear images, and convenient operation. This review mainly introduces the optical clear adhesive (OCA), liquid optical clear adhesive (LOCA), and the most commonly used LOCA ultra violet (UV)‐curable adhesives. Preparation and performance of UV‐curable adhesives are deeply explored. The structure of touch screen, such as one glass solution (OGS), on‐cell and in‐cell is discussed. Moreover, lamination process includes full lamination and non‐full lamination is also discussed. This review introduces the alignment technique comprise mechanical alignment technique and non‐mechanical alignment technique (such as machine vision) and laminating equipment. The recent development and existing problems with the touch screen lamination process are discussed. Furthermore, this review describes the latest developments in the adhesive of touch screen lamination process and predicts possible future development trends, which could provide references for subsequent research work.

Anopheline diversity in urban and peri-urban malaria foci: comparison between alternative traps and seasonal effects in a city in the Western Brazilian Amazon

BackgroundContinuous vector surveillance and sustainable interventions are mandatory in order to prevent anopheline proliferation (or spread to new areas) and interrupt malaria transmission. Anopheline abundance and richness were evaluated in urban and peri-urban malaria foci at a medium-sized city in the Brazilian Amazon, comparing the protected human landing catch technique (PHLC) and alternative sampling methods over different seasonal periods. Additional information was assessed for female feeding behaviour and faunal composition.MethodsAnophelines were sampled bimonthly in four urban and peri-urban sites in the city of Porto Velho, state of Rondônia, Brazil. The average number of captured mosquitoes was compared between an PHLC (gold standard), a tent trap (Gazetrap), and a barrier screen by means of generalized linear mixed models (GLMM), which also included season and environment (peri-urban/urban) as predictors.ResultsOverall, 2962 Anopheles individuals belonging to 12 species and one complex were caught; Anopheles darlingi represented 86% of the individuals. More mosquitoes were captured in the peri-urban setting, and the urban setting was more diverse. The model estimates that significantly more anophelines were collected by PHLC than by the Screen method, and Gazetrap captured fewer individuals. However, the Screen technique yielded more blood-engorged females. The peak hours of biting activity were from 6 to 7 p.m. in urban areas and from 7 to 8 p.m. in peri-urban areas.ConclusionsAlthough peri-urban settings presented a greater abundance of anophelines, Shannon and Simpson diversities were higher in urban sites. Each technique proved to be useful, depending on the purpose: PHLC was more effective in capturing the highest anopheline densities, Gazetrap caught the greatest number of species, and the barrier screen technique captured more engorged individuals. There was no seasonal effect on Anopheles assemblage structure; however, a more diverse fauna was caught in the transitional season. Biting activity was more intense from 6 to 8 p.m., with a predominance of An. darlingi.

Digital 3D and the Hermeneutics of Modernity

Digital 3D and the Hermeneutics of Modernity Chang-Min Yu (bio) Nick Jones. Spaces Mapped and Monstrous: Digital 3D Cinema and Visual Culture. New York: Columbia University Press, 2020. 304 pages. $140 hardback. $35 paperback. About twenty years ago, David Bordwell proposed the "modernity thesis" to characterize an emerging trend of scholarship that drew upon the works of Walter Benjamin and Siegfried Kracauer.1 In this "culturalist" school of thought—originating from New York and then prospering at Chicago—cinema originates from and, more importantly, reflects modernity.2 The first claim is widely accepted; the second is, to say the least, fraught and contested. While most scholars can agree that cinema is a modern technologized art, it is difficult to establish a causal relationship between what is onscreen—fast editing, intensified momentum, kaleidoscopic spectacle, you name it—and what circulates in culture. The reason is simple: if whatever case of modernity is that dominating, why are we not seeing its manifestation everywhere rather than in only a few selected tokens of its forestalled realization? Isomorphic reflection aside, it also seems strenuous to clarify modernity's history since the nineteenth century—its rise, fall, upsurge, and submergence in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries—with regard to any particular screen technique or characteristic at stake. Though largely left [End Page 386] as an unstated assumption, this issue of modernity hermeneutics is the daunting task Nick Jones sets for himself in Spaces Mapped and Monstrous: to convincingly articulate the modernity of 3D cinema and the relation to its cultural counterpart, "digital 3D."3 The book begins with a long history of 3D cinema and its attendant research (chapter 1) and subsequently moves into a broader historiographical framework stretching to include the Renaissance perspective (chapter 2). For Jones, 3D cinema and media have not supplanted art historian Erwin Panofsky's perspective as humanity's symbolic form, but they do "encapsulate many of the dominant and emerging logics that structure media, technology, and spatial knowledge at the present digital moment" (60). This is Jones's (weak) modernity thesis. For Jones, 3D cinema (re)surfaces because it "engender[s], document[s], and highlight[s] this situation" that is built upon the contemporary rendition of the "stereoscopic imaginary" (3). And I want to highlight "digital 3D" as a term because it is a modifier nominalized. It is untethered from "filmmaking" (1) and becomes a free-floating, abstract, expansive noun—like the so-called "stereoscopic imaginary"—a paragraph after. That supple abstraction is subsequently deployed to encapsulate all the chapter key words that Jones discusses: simulation, immersion, surveillance (chapters 3–5) and defamiliarization, distortion, and intimacy (chapters 6–8), the first three spatialized governance practices and the rest haptic subversive tactics. One is the smoothly engrossing commercial cinema that thematizes the datafied exploitation of the planet. The other reveals the operating logic of such calculations by either the slight instability inherent in stereoscopy, transitional failures in digital filmmaking, or auteurist interventions within the sphere of art cinema. The dichotomy is totalizing infrastructure versus localized resistance, abstraction and embodiment ontologically imbricated with each other in this calculated and yet tantalizing tactility. Thus understood, the term "digital 3D" has two purposes. The first is to draw a line—"the malleability of digital images detaches them from the connection to the past that seemed to define analog media" (53)—between analog and computerized 3D visuality. The distinction reaffirms the already-aged newness of stereoscopic images, whose history the book meticulously traces through existent scholarship. The second is to rearticulate 3D films, such as Avatar (2009) and Goodbye to Language (2014), in terms of culture at large. "Visual culture" in the book's subtitle is enlisted to spice up and make expansive the subject, which is to say that 3D is significant because it is cultural (and less cinematic). Hence the abstraction, [End Page 387] because the nominalized term enables a shift from "3D cinema" to "3D culture." This expansion produces a curious effect. The films discussed do not have to be 3D films as long as they furnish a holographic presentation in a technologically mediated environment. Similarly, Jones can point to virtual reality and other embodied visual praxis as part...

Gambar Pitutur Punakawan sebagai Inspirasi Penciptaan Video Kanal Tunggal

The rapid development of technology makes the world has no real boundaries. Dissemination of information occurs very quickly and easily. Modern society at all ages, most of them have equipment that allows them to be directly connected to information, entertainment and knowledge that comes from anywhere. As a result, clash of local values with foreign or external values is unavoidable. Javanese proverbs that often appear through pictures of pitutur clowns (Semar, Gareng, Petruk, and Bagong) in glass paintings have noble values that are useful for character building, especially for Javanese people. Pitutur pictures usually contain suggestions and prohibitions in life. Video illustration of the existing pitutur images, made with the chroma key (green screen) technique as the creation method used for its embodiment. As a result, single channel videos which are illustrations of pitutur images can be used as a medium for spreading the noble values of Javanese culture in the current millennial era.

High-Selectivity Single-Nucleotide Variant Capture Technology Based on the DNA Reaction Network.

The extremely low abundance of circulating tumor DNA in blood samples has limited the development of liquid biopsy techniques for the early diagnosis of major diseases. In this study, we demonstrate a DRN-based screening technique, SCREEN, which achieves the specific capture and enrichment of low abundance SNV nucleic acid samples without selective amplification. The SCREEN technique achieved a 108-fold increase in the abundance of single-nucleotide variant (SNV) nucleic acids from highly homologous mixtures (from 0.01% to 1.08%) and has been shown to significantly increase the abundance of SNV nucleic acids from 0.1% to 51% further through two rounds of capture. As a highly effective pre-enrichment technique, SCREEN has demonstrated the ability to enhance NGS in detecting an ultralow abundance SNV nucleic acid powerfully and has high compatibility with existing molecular diagnostic methods.

Study of counteracting the secondary flow in open channel bends

In terms of the importance of reducing the influences of curvature induced circulation secondary flow, several counteracting techniques/measures have been studied. Although the previous techniques have obtained good results yet, they involve fixed and permanent construction works in the channel. Most of the techniques have a negative impact on navigation, and may be damaged under extreme flow conditions. Therefore, the use of new technique has become very significant and must be studied. The aim of this paper to study a new technique as an indirect tool to counteract the impact of the secondary flow on the banks and bed at channel bends by re-distribution of the main flow velocity in the curved section through water jets. In a previous experiment, air bubbles are induced as a bubble screen (air media) with an appropriate velocity, through a porous tube placed near the outer bank in the sharply open channel bend 193°. In this paper, one of the previous experiments is modeled with the same shape and conditions, however, the induced air bubbles from the porous tube in the experiment are replaced by a water screen to act as a source of momentum. A numerical model FLUENT was implemented and a realizable K-ε turbulent model was used to scrutinize and predict the velocity pattern in the channel bend. The impact of the change in lateral water jets flow from the porous tube was also investigated and results presented and compared. The results revealed that the water screen technique contributes in reducing the downward movement of the secondary circulation, dragging the flow upward, leading to the distribution of the secondary circulation, and shifting the core of maximum downstream velocities away from the outer bank towards the inner bank at the junction of generated circulation. The results also showed that the water screen is able to counteract the effect of the main flow circulation cells provided that this secondary flow is not less than 20% of the main flow and the corresponding velocity is also not less than 40% of the main flow velocity.

Application of waste Camellia oleifera fruit shell for printing on PP nonwoven

Natural colorant extracted from the fruit shell of Camellia oleifera was applied to PP spunbond nonwoven fabric by pigment printing method. The printing pastes containing natural dye, a thickener, an acrylate binder, and ferrous sulfate were applied to the substrate via flat screen technique. The printed fabrics were evaluated in terms of colorimetric measurements, color fastness properties as well as mechanical behaviors. The increase in color strength and the change in color hues from light brown to greyish black were observed by varying the amounts of dye, binder and ferrous sulfate. Increasing binder concentration led to an improvement in tensile strength and elongation in most cases, but had a negative impact on tear strength. The printed nonwoven possessed fair to moderate light fastness and fair to excellent crock fastness.

Utilization of Lanolin in Microwave-assisted Pigment Printing of Textiles

Proper utilization of wool grease which is usually discarded after scouring of raw wool fleece in many parts of the world is of prime importance from the environmental and economic point of views. In the present work,wool grease was extracted from coarse wool fleece using conventional heating or microwave irradiation. Different concentrations of lanolin was utilized as a binder in pigment printing of wool, polyester fabrics as well as polyester/wool (65/35) and polyester/cotton (65/35) blended fabrics using flat screen technique. Fixation of prints was brought about either by conventional heating or microwave irradiation. Extraction of lanolin as well as fixation of prints under the influence of microwave irradiation was carried out at different reaction parameters; Viz. concentration of reagent, reaction time and temperature, and microwave power. Colorimetric measurements; namely colour strength (K/S) and fastness properties (against washing, light, perspiration, and rubbing) were conducted. The wet contact angle, UPF, stiffness, and air permeability of the printed fabrics were also assessed and compared to those of the corresponding samples printed in presence of commercial binder instead of lanolin. The results of this study reveal that the colour strength and fastness properties of the fabrics printed using lanolin as a binder, whatever the adopted fixation method, is almost similar to those printed using commercial binder. Only the rubbing fastness of the printed fabrics was remarkably worse upon using lanolin as a binder in pigment printing of the said textile fabrics.

Transfer or delivery of micro light-emitting diodes for light-emitting diode displays

As the next-generation display technology, microscale light-emitting diode (μ-LED) displays have attracted significant attention recently. For applying μ-LEDs as direct emissive pixels in everyday display applications, many chips in a relatively small-sized wafer must be relocated and distributed quickly over a wide screen area via so-called transfer technology. After a brief review of current conventional transfer technologies for placing μ-LEDs on a wide screen, for perspective, a new and versatile delivery technique for μ-LEDs is presented, in which an LED chip is converted to a ball shape in order to facilitate handling and processing of μ-LEDs for practical applications. Plausible procedures including the formation, arrangement, and removal of the plastic ball are discussed to envision potential impacts of the technology.

Chitosan/Disperse Dye Nanoparticles for Concomitant Printing and Antibacterial Finishing

Innovation concerned with hybridization of nanosiezed chitosan with nanoparticles of a disperse dye under the onset of sonication was studied. Three techniques were outlined describing the nanoparticles preparations of chitosan, disperse dye and chitosan /disperse dye nanoparticles. Thus obtained hybrid nano colorant auxiliary was found to possess different hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics as well as variable color intensity depending upon the ratio of the disperse dye in the chitosan/dye mix. When applied to textile fabrics (flax, polyester, and polyester/flax blend) as per the pigment printing technique, the nano colorant hybrid display multifunction antibacterial activity and coloration ability. The prepared nanoparticles of chitosan/ disperse dye were characterized using TEM and XRD. The coloured hybrid was applied in textile printing using silk screen technique. The printed samples were evaluated by measuring colour strength, fastness properties, means of print fixation and antibacterial activity.

Joint Amplitude-Phase Compensation for Ionospheric Scintillation in GEO SAR Imaging

The ionospheric scintillation induced by local ionospheric plasma anomalies could lead to significant degradation for geosynchronous earth orbit synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. As radar signals pass through the ionosphere with locally variational plasma density, the signal amplitude and phase fluctuations are induced, which principally affect the azimuthal pulse response function. In this paper, the compensation of signal amplitude and phase fluctuations is studied. First, space-variance problem of scintillation is addressed by image segmentation. Then, SPECAN imaging algorithm is adopted for each image segment, because it is computationally efficient for small imaging scene. Furthermore, an iterative algorithm based on entropy minimum is derived to jointly compensate the signal amplitude and phase fluctuations. Finally, a real SAR scene simulation is used to validate our proposed method, where both the simulated scintillation using phase screen technique and the real GPS-derived scintillation data are adopted to degrade the imaging quality.

Virtual screening and biophysical studies lead to HSP90 inhibitors

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that plays important functional roles in cells. The chaperone activity of HSP90 is regulated by the hydrolysis of ATP at the protein’s N-terminal domain. HSP90, in particular the N-terminal domain, is a current inhibition target for therapeutic treatments of cancers. This paper describes an application of virtual screening, thermal shift assaying and protein NMR spectroscopy leading to the discovery of HSP90 inhibitors that contain the resorcinol structure. The resorcinol scaffold can be found in a class of HSP90 inhibitors that are currently undergoing clinical trials. The proved success of the resorcinol moiety in HSP90 inhibitors validates this combined virtual screen and biophysical technique approach, which may be applied for future inhibitor discovery work for HSP90 as well as other targets.

The Ionospheric Scintillation Effects on the BeiDou Signal Receiver.

Irregularities in the Earth’s ionosphere can make the amplitude and phase of radio signals fluctuate rapidly, which is known as ionospheric scintillation. Severe ionospheric scintillation could affect the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Currently, the Multiple Phase Screen (MPS) technique is widely used in solving problems caused by weak and strong scintillations. Considering that Southern China is mainly located in the area where moderate and intense scintillation occur frequently, this paper built a model based on the MPS technique and discussed the scintillation impacts on China’s BeiDou navigation system. By using the BeiDou B1I signal, this paper analyzed the scintillation effects on the receiver, which includes the acquisition and tracking process. For acquisition process, this paper focused on the correlation peak and acquisition probability. For the tracking process, this paper focused on the carrier tracking loop and the code tracking loop. Simulation results show that under high scintillation intensity, the phase fluctuation could be −1.13 ± 0.087 rad to 1.40 ± 0.087 rad and the relative amplitude fluctuation could be −10 dB to 8 dB. As the scintillation intensity increased, the average correlation peak would decrease more than 8%, which could thus degrade acquisition performance. On the other hand, when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is comparatively lower, the influence of strong scintillation on the phase locked loop (PLL) is much higher than that of weak scintillation. As the scintillation becomes more intense, PLL variance could consequently results in an error of more than 2.02 cm in carrier-phase based ranging. In addition, the delay locked loop (DLL) simulation results indicated that the pseudo-range error caused by strong scintillation could be more than 4 m and the consequent impact on positioning accuracy could be more than 6 m.

Interactions of aminoglycosides with RNAs and proteins via carbohydrate microarray

Aminoglycosides are broad-spectrum antibacterials to treat bacterial infections, especially gram-negative bacteria infections. However, aminoglycosides are losing efficacy because of the increase in antibiotic resistance and their inherent toxicity, attracting more interests in developing new aminoglycosides. Several clinically used aminoglycosides are mainly exerted by inhibition of protein synthesis through binding to bacterial rRNA. The bacterial ribosome RNA is the most currently exploited RNA drug target. Identification of new compounds that target RNAs is indispensable to fight with the growing threat that bacteria pose to human safety. In this work, we used carbohydrate microarrays to probe interactions of low molecular weight ligands with RNAs and proteins. Carbohydrate microarrays, comprising hundreds to thousands of different glycan structures on surfaces in a spatially discrete pattern, are sensitive and versatile tools to study the interactions between biological macromolecules. Herein, aminoglycosides have been immobilized onto the modified glass microscope slides and their interactions with RNAs and proteins are then measured through the labeled fluorescence. The results displayed that microarray can be used to detect the binding of aminoglycosides with three types of target molecules, including the small RNA oligonucleotide mimics of aminoglycoside binding sites in the ribosome (rRNA A-site mimics), the large group I ribozyme RNA (approximately 400 nucleotide) and certain proteins (toxicity-causing enzymes, such as DNA polymerase and phospholipase C). For rRNA A-site mimics, the fluorescence intensities of 16S rRNA is stronger than that of 18S rRNA, illustrating that as a screen technique, the microarray method can not only determine the binding affinity to RNA but also detect the specific binding to bacterial rRNA mimic. The ability to screen group I ribozyme RNA can be helpful to the discovery of new RNA therapeutic targets. Binding of immobilized aminoglycosides to toxicity-causing proteins (DNA polymerase and phospholipase C) is a new method to study of aminoglycoside toxicity. These studies lay the foundation for rapid identification of new RNA-binding ligands with strong and specific binding affinity for their desired targets.

Size Measurement of Radioactive Aerosol Particles in Intense Radiation Fields Using Wire Screens and Imaging Plates

Background: Very fine radiation-induced aerosol particles are produced in intense radiation fields, such as high-intensity accelerator rooms and containment vessels such as those in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP). Size measurement of the aerosol particles is very important for understanding the behavior of radioactive aerosols released in the FDNPP accident and radiation safety in high-energy accelerators. Materials and Methods: A combined technique using wire screens and imaging plates was developed for size measurement of fine radioactive aerosol particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter. This technique was applied to the radiation field of a proton accelerator room, in which radioactive atoms produced in air during machine operation are incorporated into radiation- induced aerosol particles. The size of 11C-bearing aerosol particles was analyzed using the wire screen technique in distinction from other positron emitters in combination with a radioactive decay analysis. Results and Discussion: The size distribution for 11C-bearing aerosol particles was found to be ca. 70 μm in geometric mean diameter. The size was similar to that for 7Be- bearing particles obtained by a Ge detector measurement, and was slightly larger than the number-based size distribution measured with a scanning mobility particle sizer. Conclusion: The particle size measuring method using wire screens and imaging plates was successfully applied to the fine aerosol particles produced in an intense radiation field of a proton accelerator. This technique is applicable to size measurement of radioactive aerosol particles produced in the intense radiation fields of radiation facilities.

Synthesis and Applications of Nano Binder Based on Plant Oils

ABSTRACTThe importance of using renewable feed stocks in the textile industry area are expected to increase in the next few decades due to the limited natural resources coupled with an increased environmental legislation for eco-friendly and sustainable technologies. This research work focuses on the possible future applications of microwave irradiation in this field. Alkyd resins with highly distinct characters and reactive properties, based entirely on commercially available renewable resources, including sunflower or soybean oil, are prepared and characterized. The rheological properties, apparent viscosity of prepared binders, and roughness of the prints were described. The study was extended to application of the prepared alkyd resins as a binder in pigment printing operations onto cotton fabric by using a flat screen technique. The optimum curing conditions as well as the color strength and fastness properties of pigment printed areas to light, washing, perspiration and crocking, were evaluated.