Score Sheet Research Articles

Classification of Bird Species Using Deep Learning Techniques

Abstract: Nowadays some bird species are not being located often than we used to see them in our childhood and if we do observed them we can’t predict the type of bird species as it is very hard to predict as we haven’t familiar enough with them. naturally, birds found in numerous situations appear in one-of-a-kind sizes, shapes, coloring, and angles from the human perspective. except, the robust to discover the bird species extra than audio category. additionally, the human capability to apprehend the birds through the photos is more comprehensible. So, this approach makes use of the dataets made by many researchersa and bird enthusiasts for schooling also in addition to testing purposes. through the usage of a convolutional neural network (CNN) basically set of rules a photo that is converted into a greyscale layout to generate an autograph via the usage of tensor-flow, where the multiple nodes of comparison are generated. those different nodes are compared with the traing and testing dataset and a score sheet is received from it. After reading the datasheet describing the accuracy of our proposed trained model, it can predicate the desired species with the aid of using the highest precision we could get. Experimental evaluation at the dataset shows that the algorithm achieves an accuracy of identity among 86% to 87% The experimental observed is accomplished with visual studio book with the usage of a Tensor flow library.

Student Perception and Comparison of their Academic Performance in Online Formative Assessment Vs Summative Assessment during Covid Period

Background: Covid pandemic forced the teachers and students to adopt e-learning to replace traditional pedagogy. Aim: To see student perception on altered teaching methodology, its effectiveness by comparison of their academic performance. Methodology: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 141 students of 1st year MBBS (session 2019-20), participated. After taking informed consent, data was collected from score sheets of online formative assessment, ‘Socrative,’ and marks obtained in on-campus summative assessment in histology. Different parameters regarding student perception for e-learning and assessment were measured by using a 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Paired Samples t-test was used to see the effectiveness of online teaching and was found to be insignificant (P = 0.307). Pearson Chi-square test showed a statistically significant result (P < 0.001) between the responses on learning and assessment tools, with linear association, (P value < 0.001). A correlation between learning and assessment scores (r= 0.727, P value < 0.001) was observed. Conclusion: Online learning can assist the teaching process in medical studies without influencing their academic performance. Practice of online teaching has prepared both students and teachers for blended learning in routine days as well as in case of a future pandemic. MeSH Keywords: Feedback, Academic Performance, Perception

A COVID-19 self-isolation monitoring module for FMUI undergraduate medical students: Linking learning and service needs during the pandemic surge in Indonesia.

To ensure that students continued receiving adequate yet safe clinical exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Faculty of Medicine at Universitas Indonesia (FMUI) created the Module of COVID-19 Self-Isolation Monitoring which aims to equip students with the knowledge and skill to monitor confirmed and close contact cases of COVID-19. Module development, divided into four phases: preparation, orientation, implementation, and evaluation phase, started as soon as the delta wave of COVID-19 cases forced medical students to halt their offline clinical rotations. A quantitative secondary data were obtained from student and patient satisfaction questionnaires and on students' performance and reflection. We analyzed the distribution of module evaluation, the student's discussion score during the module, the students' interest in participating as Covid-19 volunteers before and after the module's deployment, and the correlation between learning outcomes and satisfaction. A total of 372 patients were monitored by 208 students during the 4-week module. The response rates were above 80%, with the majority agreeing that students found this module well-organized and fulfilled their expectations. There was a significant increase in discussion scores from weeks 1 to 4, a significant difference in the proportion of students interested in COVID-19 volunteering before and after the module completion as well as a significant low correlation between the patient's monitoring score sheet and the reflection essay towards the patient's satisfaction. We should still improve tutors' time management, tutors' provision of triggering questions for critical thinking skills, and tutors' feedback for students. The module met patient expectations and is expected to assist tutors in providing feedback and examples of doctor-patient communication, thus accelerating students' competence in patient interaction. Further evaluation is needed regarding knowledge transfer, the impact on community health, and the faculty development program, especially regarding how tutors fulfill their roles as medical educators.

Prijevod i prilagodba Procjene grubih motoričkih funkcija – 88 na hrvatski jezik

The Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) is a standardized observational instrument measuring gross motor function for children with cerebral palsy and Down syndrome. Clinicians in Croatia have been showing a growing interest in GMFM-88. However, only the English version of the measure was available, which possessed a barrier for its use in Croatia. The aim of this study was to translate the GMFM-88 test from English into Croatian and adapt it for use in clinical practice in Croatia. In this study, we followed the first five steps of the Sousa & Rojjanasrirat (2010) guideline for translation and adaptation. First, two authors independently did “forward” translation; a translation of the score sheet from English into Croatian. Then, the third author performed “backward” translation, which was checked and revised by the measure’s author. The pre-final version of the translated measure was tested through cognitive debriefing with seven clinicians. Participants pointed out the importance of the consistent use of terms and provided suggestions for improvement, such as changed word order or shortening of the translated items. Seventy two of 88 items were changed. With this study, we have initiated the adaptation of the GMFM-88 to Croatian. The next steps for fully validated GMFM-88 in the Croatian language is to do psychometric testing with children with cerebral palsy and Down syndrome in Croatia.

Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Team Games Tournament dalam Pembelajaran Mahārah Kitābah di Perguruan Tinggi

The study aims to describe TGT (Team Games Tournament) cooperative learning model as an alternative learning strategy to increase student motivation and creativity in various aspects of language skills, including Arabic. This research method uses qualitative and quantitative research. The subjects in this study were students majoring in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education at STAI Al-HIKAM Malang. Data collection techniques in this study were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research instrument used the implementation observation sheet. The results of this study are: a) Based on the presence and recap of the student learning outcomes score sheet. b) Based on the structured interview sheet the implementation of the students after using the TGT (Team Games Tournament) cooperative learning model for Arabic language learning. The study results indicate that learning using the TGT (Team Games Tournament) learning model can improve Arabic learning abilities by making students more active and enthusiastic in the learning process.

Electrolyzed water for the microbiologic control in the pandemic dental setting: a systematic review.

Electrolyzed water has brought recent attention due to its antimicrobial properties. Indeed, electrolyzed water has been proposed to sterilize dental materials and instruments without compromising their structural integrity. In addition, electrolyzed water has been proposed as a mouthwash to control bacterial and viral oral infections without detrimental effects on the oral mucosa. However, no current consensus or evidence synthesis could indicate its potentially favorable use in the dental setting, particularly during the COVID-19 context. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to elucidate whether electrolyzed water could improve microbiologic control in the COVID-19 pandemic dental setting. MEDLINE via Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane's CENTRAL, Scopus, LILACS, and Web of Science databases were searched up to September 2021 to identify experimental studies utilizing electrolyzed water for eliminating microorganisms in a dental setting. Besides, a manual and a grey literature search were performed. The data selection and extraction were performed individually and in duplicate. The Risk of Bias (RoB) was assessed with the Nature Publication Quality Improvement Project (NPQIP) score sheet. The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO CRD42020206986. From a total of 299 articles, 63 studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies assessed several types of electrolyzed waters, which showed a high disinfection potential when used to deal with different oral conditions. Electrolyzed water demonstrated a broad antimicrobial spectrum and was highly efficient in the dental office disinfection against viruses, fungi, and bacteria, being compatible with most dental materials. In addition, electrolyzed water could protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection and contamination in the dental office. Regarding the RoB, only 35.18% of entries were answered as 'Yes', thus achieving less than half of the reporting sheet. Electrolyzed water effectively disinfects contaminated surfaces, dental materials, and equipment. Therefore, their use is recommendable in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic dental setting.

Three‐Objects‐Three‐Places Test: Association with Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers

AbstractBackgroundThe Three‐Objects‐Three‐Places Psychological Test (3O3P) assesses episodic memory and has been developed to screen for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). To perform the test, the clinician shows the patient three objects and hides them in three separate locations. The patient is later asked what the objects and hiding places were, and which object was hidden where, producing a score out of 9. The aim of this study was to investigate if 3O3P scores were associated with common AD biomarkers to test its potential efficacy in detection of AD pathology, and how these associations compared with other common AD neuropsychological tests.Method166 patients from the Geneva Memory Centre cohort (106 MCI, 19 dementia, and 41 unimpaired) who underwent amyloid‐PET, tau‐PET, MRI, as well as clinical and neuropsychological assessments, were included. The biomarkers tested included amyloid (A) and tau (T) load, and cortical thickness (N). Associations between these biomarkers and 3O3P scores, MMSE and delayed total recall scores (DTR; extracted from the 16‐item Free and Cued Recall) were tested. The associations between biomarkers and test scores were investigated using linear regression.ResultMean patient age was 71 years, 52% were female, and mean years of education was 14. When controlling for age and education, 3O3P scores were negatively associated with amyloid (b = ‐0.02, p<0.001), tau load (b = ‐4.14, p<0.001), and positively with cortical thickness (b = 7.21, p<0.001). Similar trends were seen between these biomarkers and MMSE (A: b = ‐0.02; T: b = ‐5.21; N: b = 8.18, p<0.001) and DTR scores (A: b = ‐0.03; T: b = ‐5.28; N: b = 10.2, p<0.001).ConclusionThese preliminary findings indicate that 3O3P scores correlate significantly with the AD biomarkers tested, as do MMSE and DTR scores. However, the 3O3P test carries advantages, such as its short duration, easy administration, and not requiring the examiner to purchase equipment or score sheets. Further analysis is needed to clarify the relationship between 3O3P scores and AD biomarkers.

ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF REHABILITATION RECOVERY OF CHILDREN WITH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISABILITIES

The purpose of this work is to assess the effectiveness of the rehabilitation of children with central nervous system disabilities when applying the reflex-loading device "Gravistat".
 Material and methods. The method of assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures was carried out before and after a 10-day rehabilitation course according to the generally accepted GMFM scale (Gross Motor Function Measurement Score Sheet). 280 children aged from 4 to 18 years who had impaired functions of the musculoskeletal system due to central nervous system disabilities were examined and then divided into 2 groups: the main test group involved 200 children with disabilities, whose comprehensive rehabilitation program included the device "Gravistat"; the control group included 80 children with disabilities who did not receive the treatment using the "Gravistat" device.
 Results. The analysis of the received data of the comparative indicators of both groups before the recovery course showed the absence of a reliable difference in all parameters that were measured. (p>0.05). Comparison of the indicators of the rehabilitation program effectiveness for children of both groups showed a significant increase in indicators after the completion of the rehabilitation course in all measured parameters in children with disabilities of the main group (when using reflex-loading devices) compared to similar indicators in children of the control group. Thus, the indicator "A-Lying and turning" in the main group was 8.82±1.10 points, and in the control group - 7.13±0.82 points; "B-Seats" - 9.20±1.24 and 7.33±0.78 points, respectively; "C-Lying, crawling" - 9.56±1.11 and 7.38±0.74 points; "D-Standing" - 9.78±1.08 and 6.56±0.61 points; "E-Walking, running, jumping" - 10.00±1.02 points in the main group and 6.94±0.66 points in the control group (p<0.05).
 Conclusion. The analysis of data evaluating the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program in the children of the main group, when using the "Gravistat" reflex loading device, has shown a reliable improvement in all parameters of the rehabilitation program in comparison with the indicators in the children of the control group.

Android application of rapid visual screening for buildings in Indian context

Computers lessen all the laborious work, specifically by introducing software applications following mobile applications and IoT (Internet of Things) in numerous civil engineering disciplines. Prevention of forfeiture of life and property is becoming the prime agenda, and seismic vulnerability assessment of existing buildings is one of the quickest methods for an earthquake disaster mitigation plan. In this study, an attempt is made to modify the commonly used FEMA rapid visual screening score sheet concerning Indian building typology and the age of the building. Also, to make RVS further rapid an RVS tool named RVS_IND App is developed using the android App, particularly for the seismic performance evaluation of buildings at the visual inspection level. The application reduced the time taken for RVS from 15 to 20 mins per building to <2–3 mins per building and all the building score sheets can be stored during a walk down, apprising the speed of assessment of huge building stock.

A comparative analysis of the impact of online, blended, and face-to-face learning on medical students’ clinical competency in the affective, cognitive, and psychomotor domains

Background:The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in South Africa compelled medical schools to switch to a purely online curriculum. The innovative changes transformed the standard clinical skills curriculum to increase learning transfer to bridge the theory-practice gap. The efficacy of this intervention remains unknown. This study aims to measure medical students’ clinical competency in the affective, cognitive, and psychomotor domains by assessing clinical skills knowledge retention and transfer from the online platform compared to face-to-face and blended learning.Methods:A non-random cross-sectional quasi-experimental study assessed third-year medical students’ knowledge retention and learning transfer in three domains of clinical skills competence. Data were obtained using a score sheet during a directly observed formative and a trial online summative assessment. One hundred and one third-year medical students volunteered for the formative onsite assessment that tested the psychomotor domain. Two hundred and thirty-nine students were evaluated on the affective and cognitive domains in the summative online trial mini-objective structured clinical examination (tm-OSCE). The OSCE scores were analysed using descriptive statistics. The significance of the findings was evaluated by comparing OSCE scores with the pre-pandemic 2019 third-year medical students.Results:Statistically significant differences were found between the two cohorts of medical students from both years (p < 0.05). The 2021 blended group’s (n = 101) medians were 90%, 95%CI [86, 92], 82%, 95%CI [80, 85], and 87%, 95% CI [84, 90] for the psychomotor, affective, and cognitive skills, respectively. The e-learning group’s affective and cognitive skills medians were 78%, 95%CI [73, 79] and 76%, 95%CI [71, 78], respectively. The 2019 face-to-face cohort (n = 249) achieved medians of 70%, 95% CI [69, 72] and 84%, 95%CI [82, 86] for the affective and psychomotor skills, respectively.Conclusion:Medical students demonstrated near and far transfer bridging the theory-practice gap in three clinical skills domains. The blended group performed significantly better than the e-learning and face-to-face groups. Medical schools and educators play a vital role in overcoming learning challenges and achieving higher transfer levels by adopting multiple student-centered teaching delivery approaches and arranging immediate application opportunities. This study offers medical educators suggestions that encourage the transfer of online learning to face-to-face practice, decentralising medical education with a revised blended learning strategy.

Ergonomic Risk and Musculoskeletal Disorders Related to the Upper Limbs in Dental Medicine Students

Background: In light of the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in dentists, an extended knowledge of the phenomena, including the onset time and treatments presenting higher risk, is needed. Thus, this study aimed to 1) assess exposure to ergonomic risk factors, musculoskeletal symptoms and associated functional limitation in dental students, 2) estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in dental students and 3) assess the exposure to vibrations associated with the use of an ultrasonic scaler. Methods: For the ergonomic evaluation, two questionnaires were applied: Assessment of Repetitive Tasks (ART-Tool) and the Strain-Index Score Sheet. The ultrasonic scaler's assessment of exposure to vibratory forces was carried out by a certified engineer using an accelerometer Cubic Triaxial Deltatron attached to a mounting clip attached with cyanoacrylate to the handpiece of the scaler, according to the 3 axes of the hand-arm system (x, y e z). Standardized questionnaires were used to identify symptoms and associated disability. Results: All the recorded values exceeded the maximum limit of reference. This difference was more accentuated in the Strain-Index. The maximum exposure value is much lower than the limit imposed. An exposure time equivalent to 8 hours of work in a day would still not exceed the maximum action value. As a result of the clinical evaluation, different musculoskeletal disorders were identified. Conclusion: Ergonomic risk exposure among dental students is a reality. Preventive strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in dentists should be initiated at an early stage in their lives, particularly during their academic training.

Repeated Contrast-Enhanced Micro-CT Examinations Decrease Animal Welfare and Influence Tumor Physiology.

Computed tomography (CT) imaging is considered relatively safe and is often used in preclinical research to study physiological processes. However, the sum of low-dose radiation, anesthesia, and animal handling might impact animal welfare and physiological parameters. This is particularly relevant for longitudinal studies with repeated CT examinations. Therefore, we investigated the influence of repeated native and contrast-enhanced (CE) CT on animal welfare and tumor physiology in regorafenib-treated and nontreated tumor-bearing mice. Mice bearing 4T1 breast cancer were divided into 5 groups: (1) no imaging, (2) isoflurane anesthesia only, (3) 4 mGy CT, (4) 50 mGy CT, and (5) CE-CT (iomeprol). In addition, half of each group was treated with the multikinase inhibitor regorafenib. Mice were imaged 3 times within 1 week under isoflurane anesthesia. Behavioral alterations were investigated by score sheet evaluation, rotarod test, heart rate measurements, and fecal corticosterone metabolite analysis. Tumor growth was measured daily with a caliper. Tumors were excised at the end of the experiment and histologically examined for blood vessel density, perfusion, and cell proliferation. According to the score sheet, animals showed a higher burden after anesthesia administration and in addition with CT imaging ( P < 0.001). Motor coordination was not affected by native CT, but significantly decreased after CE-CT in combination with the tumor therapy ( P < 0.001). Whereas tumor growth and blood vessel density were not influenced by anesthesia or imaging, CT-scanned animals had a higher tumor perfusion ( P < 0.001) and a lower tumor cell proliferation ( P < 0.001) for both radiation doses. The most significant difference was observed between the control and CE-CT groups. Repeated (CE-) CT imaging of anesthetized animals can lead to an impairment of animal motor coordination and, thus, welfare. Furthermore, these standard CT protocols seem to be capable of inducing alterations in tumor physiology when applied repetitively. These potential effects of native and CE-CT should be carefully considered in preclinical oncological research.

The Evaluation of the Informational Content, Readability, and Quality of Online Information Related to Vitiligo in the Arabic Language.

Background Vitiligo is a common skin condition worldwide. It is an autoimmune disorder characterized by losing functional melanocytes, leading to chronic patchy depigmentation. People use the internet to seek health information, which is becoming one of the most commonly utilized sources. In this study, we aim to evaluate online information seen by patients about vitiligo by assessing the quality, content, and readability of widely used medical websites. Methodology All searches were conducted on February 16, 2022. The most popular search engines, Google, Yahoo, and Bing, were used to find websites, using vitiligo written in Arabic as a search term. An online readability calculator tool was used for the readability assessment of all websites. Two board-certified dermatology consultants (AKand LA) formulated a scoring sheet containing 19 questions based on commonly asked questions by patients in the dermatology clinics; 10 out of the 19 questions were designed to cover general information about vitiligo. In contrast, the other nine questions were designed to accommodate the management aspect of vitiligo. For the accountability assessment of each website, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks were used. Statistical analysis has been performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY, USA). Main measures The following measures were used: a 19-questionsheet, JAMA benchmarks, the Coleman-Liau index, and the Automated Readability Index (ARI). Results In this study, we analyzed 21 websites. The interobserver reproducibility was 0.946 between AK and LA(P < 0.001). For all websites, the mean (standard deviation (SD)) score of the questionnaire was 11.71 (3.45) (95% confidence interval (CI): 10.14-13.29) out of 19 possible points. Regarding all four JAMA benchmarks, no website achieved all benchmarks. Three of 21 websites (14.29%) completed three out of four JAMA benchmarks. No correlation was found between the content quality of the websites and JAMA benchmarks (r = 0.270, P = 0.237). Conclusion Online information about vitiligo in Arabic varies depending on the source, but overall, it is of low quality and written beyond the level of the general population. The "top 10 websites"outlined in our article may be used as a suggested reading list for vitiligo patients.

Does Sex Matter in Liver Surgery? Comparison of Severity Assessments between Female and Male Rats after Partial Hepatectomy: A Pilot Study

Introduction: Current animal-based biomedical research, including studies on liver function and disease, is conducted almost exclusively on male animals to mitigate confounding effects of the estrous cycle. However, liver diseases afflict both men and women, so translational research findings should also be applicable to female patients. This pilot study investigated sex differences in objective and subjective severity assessment parameters in rats following 50% partial hepatectomy. Materials and Methods: This study was performed using Wistar Han rats, in which measurements of body weight, spontaneous motor activity in the open field (OF) (movement distance, movement velocity, rearing frequency), and fecal corticosterone metabolites were conducted at baseline and at multiple times after partial hepatectomy. Subjective postsurgical severity assessments were conducted using modified score sheets. Blood parameters such as leukocyte count and serum aspartate aminotransferase, as well as estrogens and testosterone were measured from samples obtained during partial hepatectomy and at sacrifice. In addition, the amount of resected liver tissue was measured at partial hepatectomy, and the proliferated liver was weighed at sacrifice. Results: Fecal corticosterone metabolite concentrations differed significantly between males and females at baseline and following hepatectomy. Also, leukocyte counts and estrogen concentrations were significantly different between sexes before partial hepatectomy. Alternatively, there were no sex differences in severity assessments, body weight changes, and behavior in the OF at any measurement time point. Liver weight was significantly different in males and females at the time point of partial hepatectomy and sacrifice. Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggest that males and females respond similarly following partial hepatectomy. Examination of both sexes is very important for translation to humans, where both men and women suffer from liver disease. Furthermore, the use of both sexes in animal-based research would improve the utilization of the animal breeding in terms of the 3 Rs. However, due to some limitations, larger scale investigations including a broader spectrum of pathophysiolological, behavioral, and pharmacokinetic measures are planned.

Strength and Challenges Faced by the Pre-University Students in Extended Writing in Malaysian University English Test (MUET)

English is an international language used universally as a lingua franca among people from different cultures, ethnic and social backgrounds today. The Malaysian Ministry of Education has continuously emphasized on the importance of English with various efforts in many ways. However, recent studies conducted locally revealed that pre-university students are still facing difficulties in writing. Extended Writing is a major challenge faced by the pre-university students in Malaysian University English Test (MUET) as it carries the highest score of 60 marks. The pre-university students’ achievement for this section is definitely cause for concern. Thus, this qualitative study aims to explore the strength and challenges faced by the 16, Semester 2, pre–university students in scoring Task 2, Extended Writing in Paper 4, MUET in a selected premier secondary school in northern Perak. Data were triangulated based on research participants’ school trial examination score sheet, interview sessions and document analysis. Document analysis was done based on research participants’ essays in Extended Writing in the MUET School Trial Examination for Lower Pre–University 2022. The findings provide useful pedagogical implications for MUET teachers, syllabus designers, policy makers, module writers and reference book publishers. Understanding the pre-university students’ strength and difficulties aid in providing appropriate instructions, supporting programs and materials in writing essays in Extended Writing.

Perbandingan Part Method dan Whole Method Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Seni Nomor Tunggal Pada Cabang Olahraga Pencak Silat

The purpose of this study was to determine “Comparison of Part Methodand Whole Method to Improve Single Number Art Skills in Pencak SilatSports”. The research method used is an experimental research method.The population in this study were Pencak Silat athletes in Cimahi city asmany as 10 people. The sample that the researcher uses is 8 people usinga purposive sampling approach with the criteria determined in this sampling technique. The sample is a Pencak Silat Athlete in Cimahi City in the single art category. The instrument used in this research is a single category Pencak Silat Scoring Sheet. The data analysis test used the paired sample t test and to find the difference in the average used the independent sample t test. It can be concluded that there is an effect of the Part Method on increasing single number art skills in the sport of pencak silat, then there is no effect of the whole training method (Whole Method) on increasing single number art skills in the sport of pencak silat, and the final result there is a difference in the effect of the Part Method and the Whole Method on the improvement of single number art skills in the sport of pencak silat.

Screening for Color Vision Deficiency in Health Science Students

Purpose: Various professions require employees to be able to detect different shades of color accurately when visually reading test results with colorimetric end points. To prepare health science students to better meet this requirement, a screening test for color vision deficiency (CVD) was administered to detect any major or minor errors as part of the undergraduate student experience. Method: Screening for color vision deficiency was administered using the Farnsworth D-15 Color Vision Test. Students completed the test and their results were scored and interpreted at the time of completion. Results: Students (n=85) from nine different health science programs completed the Farnsworth D-15 Color Vision Test. Ages of the participants ranged from 18-63 years with 70% of the participants in the age range of 18-23 years. Seventy-one percent of the participants identified as female, 28% identified as males, and 1% identified as non-binary. Two students (one female and one male) had a minor error resulting in a crossover within the test circle on the Gulden test score sheet. There were no major errors identified in the 85 participants. Conclusion: While two minor errors were detected in this population, this data is not consistent with other CVD studies. This most likely is due to screening predominately female students, and/or the amount of time allotted for each individual test to be completed. Future studies will include expanding the participant numbers, with a focus on testing more male participants, limiting the number of minutes to complete the screening process, and collecting additional demographic data.

MAC-spinal meningioma score: A proposal for a quick-to-use scoring sheet of the MIB-1 index in sporadic spinal meningiomas.

ObjectiveMIB-1 index is an important predictor of meningioma progression. However, MIB-1 index is not available in the preoperative tailored medical decision-making process. A preoperative scoring sheet independently estimating MIB-1 indices in spinal meningioma (SM) patients has not been investigated so far.MethodsBetween 2000 and 2020, 128 patients with clinical data, tumor imaging data, inflammatory laboratory (plasma fibrinogen, serum C-reactive protein) data, and neuropathological reports (MIB-1, mitotic count, CD68 staining) underwent surgery for spinal WHO grade 1 and 2 meningioma.ResultsAn optimal MIB-1 index cut-off value (≥5/<5) predicting recurrence was calculated by ROC curve analysis (AUC: 0.83; 95%CI: 0.71-0.96). An increased MIB-1 index (≥5%) was observed in 55 patients (43.0%) and multivariable analysis revealed significant associations with baseline Modified McCormick Scale ≥2, age ≥65, and absence of calcification. A four-point scoring sheet (MAC-Spinal Meningioma) based on Modified McCormick, Age, and Calcification facilitates prediction of the MIB-1 index (sensitivity 71.1%, specificity 60.0%). Among those patients with a preoperative MAC-Meningioma Score ≥3, the probability of a MIB-1 index ≥5% was 81.3%.ConclusionThis novel score (MAC-Spinal Meningioma) supports the preoperative estimation of an increased MIB-1 index, which might support preoperative patient-surgeon consultation, surgical decision making and enable a tailored follow-up schedule or an individual watch-and-wait strategy.

Evaluation of a Standardized Questionnaire for Initial Assessment of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Premenopausal Women

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of a standardized questionnaire for premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) on clinical information collection and duration of consultation. MethodsWe conducted a before and after study involving 100 premenopausal women undergoing consultation for AUB. During stage 1, 50 consultations were recorded on a consultation sheet with no specific template. During stage 2, 50 women completed a 26-item auto-administered standardized questionnaire before the consultation, which was then reviewed with the consultant and added to the medical record. The duration of consultation was assessed in subgroups of 27 women in each stage. Two independent evaluators assessed the quality and completeness of data collected in the medical records using a score sheet developed by experts. Outcomes from both stages were compared using the t test. ResultsThe descriptive characteristics were similar in both groups. The mean global scores of the quality and completeness of data collected improved significantly between stages 1 and 2, from 67% ± 12% to 95% ± 5% (P < 0.0001), as did medical background scores (54% ± 29% vs. 85% ± 13%; P < 0.0001) and AUB-related symptoms scores (69% ± 13% vs. 97% ± 5%; P < 0.0001). A mean reduction in duration of consultation of nearly 4 minutes was observed (24.6 ± 4.3 min vs. 20.7 ± 4.8 min; P < 0.0001). ConclusionThe AUB-specific standardized questionnaire improves quality and completeness of data collected in medical records and reduces duration of consultation.

Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand.

This study aimed to develop simple diagnostic guidelines which would be useful for the early detection of severe dengue infections. Retrospective data of patients with dengue infection were reviewed. Patients with diagnosed dengue infection were categorized in line with the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-10): A90, dengue fever; A91, dengue hemorrhagic fever; and A910, dengue hemorrhagic fever with shock. A total of 302 dengue-infected patients were enrolled, of which 136 (45%) were male and 166 (55%) were female. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine independent diagnostic predictors of severe dengue infection and to convert simple diagnostic guidelines into a scoring system for disease severity. Coefficients for significant predictors of disease severity generated by ordinal multivariable logistic regression analysis were transformed into item scores. The derived total scores ranged from 0 to 38.6. The cut-off score for predicting dengue severity was higher than 14, with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.902. The predicted positive value (PPV) was 68.7% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 94.1%. Our study demonstrates that several diagnostic parameters can be effectively combined into a simple score sheet with predictive value for the severity evaluation of dengue infection.