Critical Thinking Scores Research Articles

The Effectiveness of "Philosophy for Children-Based Educational Program" on Breakfast Consumption of Elementary Students: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Attention to children's nutrition is important; since they are the most sensitive and vulnerable group in the community against malnutrition and food shortages. Therefore, this study aims to design, implement, and evaluate the effect of educational programs based on (philosophy for children) on thinking skills about healthy breakfast consumption of sixth-grade elementary school students in Yazd. Methods: The present clinical trial study was performed on 120 sixth-grade students of public schools in Yazd. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire in control and experimental groups before and after the educational program. Results: The results showed that the mean score of critical thinking after the intervention (38.7 ± 81.1) in the experimental group (EG) increased compared to before the intervention (29.2 ± 96.4), which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Based on the results, the difference observed in the mean score of critical thinking, caring, and creative thinking of sixth-grade students before and after the intervention in the two groups was significant (P < 0.001). On the other hand, the mean score of students' critical, caring, and creative thinking in the EG increased. In other words, the designed educational program improved all three skills in the EG. The mean scores of critical, caring, and creative thinking of sixth-grade students in the control group (CG) before and after the educational program in two stages were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the implementation of philosophy education programs for children raises the level of critical thinking, caring, and creative skills in students to eat a healthy breakfast. Therefore, increasing philosophical thinking in students and improving the studied skills through education, even virtually, can be very valuable and effective.

Nursing management of the critical thinking and care quality of ICU nurses: A cross-sectional study.

To explore the effectiveness of a digital learning management system in enhancing intensive care unit nurses' critical care knowledge and critical thinking tendency. Learning intensive care unit knowledge and skills is essential for the continuing education of nurses, and impacts patient health outcomes. Enhancing intensive care unit nurses' critical care abilities is a medical care quality concern in clinical practice. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 212 participants to investigate the effects of a digital learning system on care quality. After the implementation of the digital learning system, intensive care unit nurses' critical care knowledge and critical thinking skills increased significantly. High-level nurses had higher critical thinking scores. All participants associated critical care knowledge with improved quality of care. The digital learning management system enhanced intensive care unit nurses' critical care knowledge. Optimizing nursing care safety and quality requires that nursing staff to be at an adequate level, which improves their critical care ability. A well-designed digital learning management system with structured classes may allow intensive care unit nurses to learn effectively and can be used for continuing education. These results are of interest to nursing management staff who want to invest in the continued professional development of intensive care unit nurses to improve critical care knowledge, critical thinking skills, care quality, and health care value.

A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF CRITICAL THINKING ABILITIES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Research that emphasizes its attention to critical thinking skills with the subject of elementary school students is still relatively few. The purpose of this descriptive study was to explore critical thinking abilities among elementary school students in fourth grade. Research questions identified the critical thinking abilities of boys and girls in fourth grade. The critical thinking theory provided the conceptual framework for this study. The Cornell Critical Thinking Test Level X was used. The sample consisted of 28 boys and 17 girls (N = 45). Data were analyzed using percentages, means, standard deviations, range, and t-tests. Finding reveals statistically significant differences in mean critical thinking scores between boys and girls. The results of the study have implications for elementary school teachers who facilitate the learning process to develop critical thinking skills by applying different learning experiences. Teachers can follow up by considering differences in learning experiences based on the scope of the subject matter, the sequence of skills that are trained to students, and various choices of learning activities that develop critical thinking skills

Critical Thinking and Effective Personality in the Framework of Education for Sustainable Development

According to UNESCO, critical thinking (CT) is a strategic skill for the 21st century, as it is associated with attitudes of personal and social change and improvement. Based on this, the objectives of this study were (1) to find out the possible relationships between CT and effective personality (EP) and (2) to determine the extent to which EP predicts the development of CT in children and adolescents. The research approach was quantitative, correlational and predictive. The sample consisted of 562 Spanish students. The measurement instruments were: (1) the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and (2) the Efficacy Personality Questionnaire. The main findings showed that there is a positive relationship between EP and CT, with the traits “being enthusiastic”, “developing positive self-esteem” and “having self-confidence” correlating most strongly with CT. The regression analysis shows that EP influences the development of students’ CT. There were no significant differences according to sex, and Primary Education students obtained higher CT scores. It is concluded that the better the promotion of EP, the greater the CT development will be. This suggests the need to design educational programmes for the improvement of EP, especially in adolescents.

Reflective Practices in Inquiry Learning: Its Effectiveness in Training Pre-Service Teachers' Critical Thinking Viewed from Cognitive Styles

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of reflective practices in inquiry learning to train pre-service teachers' critical thinking skills viewed from cognitive styles. The quasi-experimental design was conducted with two sample groups given the same treatment at the pretest, reflective-inquiry practice learning, and posttest. Before the pretest, each sample was given GEFT (Group Embedded Figures Test) to determine the sample of the FI (field-independent) or FD (field dependent) cognitive style. Two sample groups were pre-service physics teachers (PPT) at two different universities in Mataram, Indonesia. The measurement of critical thinking employed essay tests. Critical thinking skills data were analyzed descriptively (mean difference scores of pretest-posttest and N-gain analysis) and statistically (independent sample t-test) employing SPSS software. The effectiveness of reflective inquiry learning is measured by increasing critical thinking scores where the minimum posttest has the "critical" criteria. The study results indicated that the tendency of cognitive style FI was more dominant than FD. The critical thinking measurement showed that each FD/FI group was categorized as "critical," and the increase of critical thinking scores in the two groups was categorized as a "moderate" category. In line with this, statistical analysis (hypothesis testing at a significance level of 0.05) showed no difference in the increase of critical thinking scores between PPT belonging to FD and FI. This study showed that the reflective practice in inquiry learning effectively improved the pre-service teachers' critical thinking skills with the FD and FI cognitive styles. Reflective practices are a new way of inquiry learning to train critical thinking and can be used as a reference for its structured implementation in regular lectures.

Effectiveness of palliative care simulation in newly hired oncology nurses’ training

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of palliative care simulations with standardized patients in improving the knowledge, skill performance, and critical thinking of newly hired oncology nurses. MethodsBy convenience sampling, 59 newly hired oncology nurses in 2019 were enrolled as control group and 50 in 2020 as simulation group at a grade-A tertiary cancer hospital. Simulation group accepted theory (3 sessions) and simulation teaching includes three representative scenarios (6 sessions) in palliative care: pain management, special scenario communication, and turn over. Control group accepted traditional theory and skill teaching (9 sessions). Then both groups underwent four weeks clinical practice. The knowledge score was assessed by knowledge questionnaires, skill performance by standardized clinical evaluations, and critical thinking by the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory in both groups before and after intervention. The satisfaction of two groups was assessed by the learning satisfaction scale. Analysis of variance was conducted among the two groups by SPSS20.0. A difference was considered significant when P ​< ​0.05. ResultsAfter intervention, the simulation group was significantly greater in knowledge of pain management (t ​= ​−7.560, P ​< ​0.001), and knowledge of special scenario communication (Z ​= ​5.031, P ​< ​0.001), as well as the skill score of turnover (Z ​= ​2.808, P ​= ​0.005) than the control group. The critical-thinking score was also significantly greater in the simulation group (Z ​= ​6.229, P ​< ​0.001). The simulation group had higher satisfaction (Z ​= ​5.144，P ​< ​0.001). ConclusionsPalliative care simulation with standardized patients can improve newly hired oncology nurses’ knowledge, skill performance, and critical thinking and satisfaction of teaching. It would be an effective strategy to train newly hired oncology nurses.

Critical thinking among clinical nurses and related factors: A survey study in public hospitals.

The study investigated clinical nurses' critical thinking levels in public hospitals and related factors. Since health care environments have become more complex, the critical thinking skills of clinical nurses are more important in daily problem-solving and decision-making processes. However, little research was conducted on this topic among clinical nurses. It was a cross-sectional study at five public hospitals between December 2018 and January 2019. The study followed the STROBE guideline. Data were collected from 559 nurses by a survey consisted of a data form and the Turkish version of the Nursing Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice Questionnaire. Nurses' mean critical thinking scores were moderate level. Total critical thinking scores of the clinical nurses significantly differed according to education, hospital type, shift work, professional category and role. There was a significant effect on the total critical thinking scores of the clinical nurses according to variables. This study found that critical thinking levels of nurses' working in clinical settings in public hospitals were moderate level. Hospital type, shift work, professional and educational level and role were significantly associated with clinical nurses' critical thinking levels. This study provides evidence related to the levels of critical thinking of clinical nurses working in public hospitals. Since the critical thinking scores of the manager nurses, daytime working nurses' and nurses with bachelor's and master's degree education are higher, hospital managers may benefit from the study to implement effective strategies to improve the competence of critical thinking levels of nurses.

Comparing the Status of Critical Thinking and Its Associated Factors in Students

Background &amp; Aims of the Study: By being aware of the state of critical thinking and the factors affecting it in students, it is possible to help improve the planning and quality of education. This study aimed to comparatively determine the status of critical thinking and the factors affecting it in students. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study’s population and the sample consisted of health disciplines students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in Ardabil City, Iran. All students of the two entrances of 2017 and 2020 were enrolled in the study by completing a virtual questionnaire. According to the relevant results, 155 individuals completed the questionnaire. Descriptive and analytical tests in SPSS v. 20 analyzed the collected data. Results: The minimum score of critical thinking was 4, the maximum was 16, and the Mean±SD essential score of thinking was 10.17±2.56 in all students. Among the studied variables, only the relationship between the subscales of inference and inductive reasoning with the year of entry of the studied students was significant (P=0.02) and (P=0.026). In other cases, there was no significant correlation between demographic variables, such as age, gender, the year of entry, native or non-native, the field of study, and grade point average with the overall scores of critical thinking and its subscales (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The current study results indicated that the critical thinking skills of health students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences are poor in all dimensions and subscales. Considering the importance of critical thinking in the development, progress, and well-being of individuals and societies, reviewing and correcting the curriculum, training and empowering teachers concerning critical thinking skills, and teaching it in higher education and academic centers.

The effects of the 1-min preceptor and problem-based clinical educations on nursing students’ critical thinking

Background: There are inconsistencies about the best clinical teaching method for strengthening nursing students’ critical thinking (CT). Objective: This study is aimed to compare the effects of the one-min preceptor (OMP) and problem-based learning (PBL) clinical education on nursing students’ CT. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial. All forty 3rd-year nursing students who had taken the Medical-Surgical Nursing III clinical course were recruited to the study through the census method in 2016 in Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. The students were randomly allocated into three groups of 13 to pass their clinical course via the OMP, the PBL, or the conventional clinical education methods, respectively. In the first session and at the end of the last session, the students completed the California CT Skills Test Form B. The one-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Students’ mean age was 21.77 ± 1.32 years. There were no significant differences in baseline CT score among the conventional (11.17 ± 1.64), OMP (10.58 ± 1.34), and PBL (10.79 ± 1.18) groups (P = 0.894). However, at the end of the study, the difference among the groups regarding CT score was significant (12.17 ± 1.89, 13.69 ± 1.10, and 13.64 ± 1.44; P = 0.049). Conclusion: OMP and PBL can be potentially effective in improving students’ CT ability. Therefore, these methods can be used in clinical nursing education to improve students’ CT ability.

Comparison of the effectiveness of the use of graded inquiries in biochemistry learning

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of guided inquiry, open inquiry, and tiered inquiry in biochemistry learning. The effectiveness is seen from the product-process perspective, i.e., by looking at critical thinking scores and responses of lecturers' teaching activities. This study involved three groups treated with guided inquiry (level 1), open inquiry (level 2), and tiered inquiry (level 1 to level 2). The number of respondents was 72 students spread over the three groups. Before being given treatment, the three groups were tested for prior knowledge, and it was obtained that the three groups had the same initial ability. The research instrument used was critical thinking questions and a questionnaire of responses to the learning process. The results showed that the group with tiered inquiry treatment had the highest critical thinking score, while open inquiry had the lowest score. It is in line with the respondents' responses related to the learning process. Students feel easier and more comfortable in the tiered inquiry process than the guided and open inquiries. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test analysis on the three treatments showed that the three groups had significantly different critical thinking scores. It can be concluded that tiered inquiry is more effective in Biochemistry learning than guided and open inquiries.

The relationship between emotional intelligence and tendency toward critical thinking with academic success in nursing students: : An analytic sectional descriptive study

Background: Considering controversial results about the role of emotional intelligence and tendency toward critical thinking in academic success, the present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between emotional intelligence and tendency toward critical thinking with academic success in nursing students.Methods: The present study was an analytic sectional descriptive study using convenient sampling method that was conducted on 120 nursing students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in year 2018-2019. Data was collected with questionnaire; the questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic characteristics, the Schutte scale, and tendency toward critical thinking questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t test.Results: Results showed that the mean score of emotional intelligence among nursing students was 109.15) 9.23) and the mean score of critical thinking was 116.96 (12.79). No significant relationship was found between emotional intelligence and its elements with academic success. Also, there was no significant relationship between critical thinking and its elements with academic success (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Lack of a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and critical thinking with academic success might be due to the nature of academic achievement tests as well as the specific focus on remembering and memorizing the educational content as a criterion for evaluation. Therefore, it is recommended that, along with focusing on the ability of personal memory learning, development of cognitive and emotional skills of the students would also be attended.

Effective Factors in Critical Thinking Disposition in Nursing Students

Introduction. Given the vital role of critical thinking and possibility of developing this meta-cognitive skill through training programs, the present study was conducted to determine the tendency and effective factors in critical thinking in nursing students. Materials and Methods. The present study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2020 in a school of nursing in northern Iran. Participants in the study were all second to eighth semester nursing students studying in the faculty who entered the study by the census method. Inclusion criteria included employment in the field of nursing in the second semester and above, and exclusion criteria were employment and incomplete completion of the questionnaire questions. The required information was prepared in two parts: the first part of recording demographic information including age, gender, marital status, semester, average score, previous semester average score, and level of interest in the major and the second part was the adopted Ricketts’ critical thinking disposition questionnaire. SPSS 26 software and descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analyze the data. Results. The total average score of critical thinking disposition obtained as 120.20 ± 14.05 35 was found to positively and significantly relate to age (r = 0.150, p = 0.04 , d = 0.30), academic 36 semester ( p = 0.001 , d = 0.25), and interest in the major ( p = 0.003 , d = 0.38). Dimensions of 37 innovation and maturity were also significantly associated with academic semester and 38 interested in the major. Also, the total score of critical thinking and its dimensions in married people was higher than single, but this difference was not statistically significant. The results of analysis of variance showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the mean score of tendency to critical thinking and different semesters. Conclusion. Identifying the effective factors in critical thinking disposition can assist teachers in developing lesson plans and academic counseling, and at the macro level, can help with educational planning and revision of curricula.

Correlations Between Critical Thinking, Self-esteem, Educational Status, and Demographic Information of Medical Students: A Study from Southwestern Iran

Background: Critical thinking and individual characteristics are essential components of conscious decision-making and professional competence in medical students. The critical thinking abilities of medical students have a significant impact on their professional decision-making process. It may have direct and indirect consequences on the quality of medical care. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between self-esteem, demographic information, educational status, and critical thinking of medical students. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 medical students in 2019. Data were collected using California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Quantitative variables were expressed as the mean and standard deviation and frequency and percentage were used to describe the qualitative variables. Results: The results of the study revealed that 332 (87.4%) of the medical students who participated in the study had a negative inclination towards critical thinking, and 48 (12.6%) had an ambivalent inclination. The average self-esteem score of the students was 3.09 ± 3.35. Moreover, there was a positive and significant correlation between critical thinking scores and self-esteem in medical students (correlation coefficient = 0.848; P &lt; 0.001). An increase in the grade level increased the critical thinking score of the students. Moreover, there was no significant relationship between overall scores of critical thinking with students' age, gender, marital status, and place of residence. Conclusions: In the current study, critical thinking scores of medical students were lower than average level and weak, and there was a direct and positive relationship between critical thinking and self-esteem. Given the importance of critical thinking abilities in the clinical decision-making process, university educators are expected to pay more attention to developing this skill in medical students.

Analysis of Students' Critical Thinking Improvement in Teaching Inquiry with Cognitive Conflict Strategies

This study aimed to analyze the improvement of students' critical thinking skills in teaching inquiry with cognitive conflict strategies. Quasi experiments were conducted in this study. The research sample was twenty students as physics teacher candidates at a private university in West Nusa Tenggara - Indonesia. The critical thinking skills test instrument in the form of essay questions is used to measure students' critical thinking skills. The analysis of increasing of critical thinking skills was analyzed descriptively with the n-gain equation, and the difference in critical thinking skills between the pretest and posttest using a pair t-test which was preceded by homogeneity and normality tests. The results of the n-gain analysis showed that the increase in students' critical thinking scores was in the moderate category. Qualitatively, the increase in scores from pretest to posttest in a row is from not critically to enough critically. The results of this study imply that inquiry teaching with cognitive conflict strategies has the potential to be implemented in classroom teaching for the purpose of improving students' critical thinking skills.

IDENTIFIKASI KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI SDN GUGUS 1 KECAMATAN DUREN SAWIT

Abstrack: This study aims to determine the identification of students’ critical thinking skills in science learning at SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District. This study used a quantitative descriptive research method using survey method. The research population was SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District and the sample was SDN Duren Sawit 02, 10 and 14 Pagi. The sampling technique was cluster random sampling. The data was collected by using critical thinking skills tests, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the average of critical thinking skills in SDN Gugus 1 students Duren Sawit District was 35,14 in the moderate category. The average score of critical thinking in SDN Duren Sawit 02 Pagi was 39,74 in the moderate category, SDN Duren Sawit 10 Pagi was 34,91 in the low category, and SDN Duren Sawit 14 Pagi was 30,78 in the low category. The highest furthemore indicator of critical thinking in SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District, namely SDN Duren Sawit 02 Pagi the average score was 39, 74 in the moderate category, SDN Duren Sawit 10 Pagi got an average score of 34,91 with the low category and SDN Duren Sawit 14 Pagi have an average value of 30,78 in the low category, while the results of the study on the average of each indicator show that the highest indicator in SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District on the indicator provides further explanation with an average score 38 and the lowest indicator in SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District on indicators og managing strategies and tactics with an average score of 31.

Effect of Concept Mapping Education on Critical Thinking Skills of Medical Students: A Quasi-experimental Study.

Fostering critical thinking (CT) is one of the most important missions in medical education. Concept mapping is a method used to plan and create medical care through a diagrammatic representation of patient problems and medical interventions. Concept mapping as a general method can be used to improve CT skills in medical students. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of concept mapping on CT skills of medical students. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 second-year medical students which take an anatomy course. Participants were randomly assigned into a control group (lecture-based) and an intervention group (concept mapping). CT levels of medical students were assessed using the California Critical Thinking Skills Test. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test. Before intervention, CT scores of the intervention and control groups were 6.68 ± 2.55 and 6.64 ±2.74, respectively, and after intervention, they were 11.64 ±2.29 and 10.04 ± 3.11, respectively. Comparison of mean score differences for both groups before and after intervention demonstrated that CT scores in the experimental group significantly increased after intervention (P=0.021). Medical students who were taught through concept mapping showed an increase in CT scores, compared with those in the control group. Medical students require effective CT skills in order to make sound knowledge-based assessment and treatment choices during patient care. Therefore, instructors and planners of medical education are expected to apply this educational strategy for developing CT skills in medical students.

Peer Learning Model for Critical Thinking and SelfEfficacy in Clinical Practice Education among Nursing Students

Students' Self-Efficacy scale. The findings indicated that the total mean score of critical thinking

Critical thinking, emotional intelligence and conflict management styles of medical students: A cross-sectional study

Critical thinking is an essential skill that medical students need to master due to the necessity of making complex judgments in healthcare settings. Examining medical students’ critical thinking and the associated factors can inform educators on how to equip students for effective critical thinking. This research aimed to evaluate critical thinking among medical students, and the correlations of emotional intelligence and five conflict management styles with critical thinking were also investigated. A cross-sectional study of medical students from the Jilin University was conducted using a questionnaire. Data were analysed using t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and linear regression analysis. 269 medical undergraduates completed this study. The mean critical thinking score was 281.12 ± 27.40, with139 participants (51.67 %) indicating positive to strong critical thinking tendency. Gender or year of study was not statistically significantly associated with critical thinking. Emotional intelligence was a significant predictor of critical thinking: higher emotional intelligence scores were associated with higher critical thinking scores. Integration, domination, and compliance showed a significant association with critical thinking. The more students used the integration style, the more positive their critical thinking score was. The more students used the domination and compliance styles, the more negative their critical thinking score was. These findings point to a potential link between medical students’ critical thinking, emotional intelligence and conflict management skills, all of which are needed to make critical clinical judgements, manage their own emotions and the emotions of others and to manage workplace conflict. Further investigation to explore these associations and the role of inclusion of these topics in the undergraduate curriculum is required.

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Analisis Kompleks dengan Discovery Learning Dipadukan dengan Cooperative Learning Tipe Numbered Head Together

The purpose of this study is to improve critical thinking of students' skills in Complex Analysis lectures through discovery learning combined with numbered head together type Cooperative Learning. This research uses a class action research approach. Each cycle consists of several stages, namely: planning, action, observation, and reflection. To obtain research data two types of research instruments were used. The research instrument in question is the observation sheet of the implementation of learning and observation guidelines as well as test questions on critical thinking skills at the end of the cycle. The results of this study indicate that The average score of critical thinking of students skills was 96.40 in the first cycle increased to 126.40 in the second cycle, but the average percentage of critical thinking of students skills increased from cycle I to cycle II, namely 62.25% in cycle I increased to 81.70% in cycle II.

Impact of a Dedicated Education Unit Experience on Critical Thinking Development in Nursing Students.

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of the dedicated education unit (DEU) on nursing students' critical thinking ability. The DEU is an innovative approach to clinical education, which uses clinical nurses with expert practice consistently in a competency-based experience. Participants (intervention and control groups) completed the Nursing Executive Center's Critical Thinking Diagnostic Assessment tool before and after clinical experience. Participants included 243 students with 179 non-DEU and 64 DEU students. There were significant increases in total pretest and posttest score means (P < .05) for the DEU (intervention) group. A significant change (P < .0001) was seen in critical thinking scores by category for both groups and in the intervention group on pretest and posttest scores, even after controlling for pretest scores (P < .0001). Results support the efficacy of the DEU model in developing critical thinking. Prior DEU studies have focused on implementation and satisfaction with the model.