Scinax Ruber Clade Research Articles

A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil.

We describe a new species of the Scinax ruber clade from Northeastern Brazil that occurs in widely separated geographic areas in the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia state and the Highland Humid Forest of Serra de Baturité, northeast Ceará state. Scinax tropicalia sp. nov. (holotype coordinates: -14.795694°, -39.172645°) is diagnosed from all 75 currently recognize species of the S. ruber clade by bioacoustical and morphological adult traits, such as duration (0.11-0.31 s) and dominant frequency (1.59-1.85 kHz) of the advertisement call, snout shape rounded, nearly rounded, or semi-circular in dorsal view and rounded to slightly protruding in profile, bilobate vocal sac, absence of pectoral glands and spicule-shaped papillary epidermal projections on nuptial pads, and color pattern on the dorsum of body and hidden surfaces of hindlimbs.

Advertisement call of Scinax camposseabrai (Bokermann, 1968)(Anura: Hylidae), with comments on the call of three species of the Scinax ruber clade.

Scinax camposseabrai was allocated into the Scinax ruber clade by Caramaschi & Cardoso (2006) by overall similarities as snout not pointed, breeding in open areas, and an advertisement calls with multipulsed notes. This assumption about the call was based solely on an onomatopoeia provided by Bokermann (1968). Herein we provide a formal description of the advertisement call of S. camposseabrai and compare it with described calls of other S. ruber clade species. Additionally, we provide descriptions of the advertisement calls of three sympatric species of the S. ruber clade: S. eurydice (Bokermann), S. pachycrus (Miranda-Ribeiro) and S. cf. x-signatus.

A new species of Scinax Wagler (Anura: Hylidae) from Mato Grosso, Brazil.

A new species of the Scinax ruber Clade is described from Municipality of Barra do Garças, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. It is diagnosed by its size (SVL 29.4-35.4 mm in males); dorsum with a background that varies from light and dark gray to dark brown, with round and irregular dark blotches; hidden surfaces of thigh and shank light or dark brown, with lighter, large and irregular blotches (yellow in life); and nuptial pad that covers the medial margin of Metacarpal I, and obscures the posterior portion and the outer margin of the inner metacarpal tubercle. It is most similar with Scinax rupestris, from which it differs by having larger adult males; less developed nuptial pad; and hidden surfaces of thigh and light or dark brown, with lighter, large and irregular blotches (yellow in life). The new species occurs near the headwaters of permanent or temporary streams, where males call from vegetation or rocks at the margins of small streams.

The complex vocalization of Scinax cardosoi (Anura: Hylidae), with comments on advertisement calls in the S. ruber Clade

A vocalização complexa de Scinax cardosoi (Anura: Hylidae), com comentários sobre cantos de anúncio no Clado de S. ruber. A vocalização complexa de Scinax cardosoi de uma população do estado de Minas Gerais no sudeste brasileiro é descrita e comparada com os dados acústicos disponíveis para outras espécies do Clado de S. ruber. Três tipos diferentes de cantos pulsados e agudos foram identificados, denominados cantos “curto,” “longo” e “trinado”. Cantos curtos (16–66 ms) lembram chios e consistem em sinais pulsados (8–28 pulsos/canto) com modulações de amplitude regulares ao longo de sua duração e pico de amplitude aproximadamente na metade de sua duração. Cantos longos (268–518 ms) lembram risadinhas e têm menor amplitude quando comparados a cantos curtos; tipicamente, consistem em séries de notas pulsadas (1–6 notas/canto). Cantos trinados lembram zunidos de insetos e apresentam a menor amplitude dentre os três tipos de cantos; consistem em séries muito longas (1,1–3,0 s) de notas pulsadas (9–25 notas/canto). Dados acústicos são taxonomicamente informativos no Clado de S. ruber, fornecendo evidências fenotípicas à diagnose de S. cardosoi além das características propostas em sua descrição original. O repertório vocal de S. cardosoi assemelha-se mais aos repertórios vocais complexos (vários tipos de cantos emitidos em combinações variadas) de espécies do Clado de S. catharinae do que ao de algumas espécies do Clado de S. ruber, os quais tendem a ter uma estrutura do canto mais simples (um tipo único de nota multipulsionada).

Scinax cruentommus (Anura: Hylidae) in the upper Rio Negro drainage, Amazonas state, Brazil, with the redescription of its advertisement call

Scinax cruentommus (Anura: Hylidae) na bacia do alto Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brasil, com a redescrição do seu canto de anúncio. Nós apresentamos o primeiro registro de Scinax cruentommus no alto Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brasil. Nós também redescrevemos o seu canto de anúncio e fazemos comparações acústicas com os dados disponíveis para outras espécies do Clado de Scinax ruber da bacia amazônica. Com a obtenção de novos dados para S. cruentommus, os parâmetros acústicos suplementaram a sua diagnose congenérica em relação às outras espécies amazônicas do Clado de S. ruber além das características propostas em sua descrição original.

A New Species of the Scinax ruber Clade (Anura, Hylidae) from the Espinhaço Range, Northeastern Brazil

Abstract: A new species belonging to the Scinax ruber clade, morphologically similar to S. cabralensis and S. rupestris, is described from the Municipality of Miguel Calmon, State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. This locality belongs to the northern portion of the Espinhaco Range known as Chapada Diamantina, a semiarid region in central Bahia State. The new species can be distinguished from all congeners of the S. ruber clade by a combination of adult (size, morphology, color pattern, and advertisement call) as well as larval (external morphology, and oral cavity) characteristics. The description of this frog adds another species, and the first of the S. ruber clade, to those that are endemic to Chapada Diamantina.

Cytogenetic analysis of Scinaxauratus and Scinaxeurydice (Anura, Hylidae) with emphasis on cytotaxonomy.

Scinax Wagler, 1830 is a species-rich genus of amphibians with relatively few detailed chromosomal reports. In this work, cytogenetic analyses of Scinax auratus (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) and Scinax eurydice (Bokermann, 1968) were carried out based on conventional (Giemsa staining, Ag-NOR and C-banding) and cytomolecular (base-specific fluorochrome staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization – FISH of ribosomal probes) techniques. Both species shared the same karyotype, location of active nucleolar organizer regions on pair 11 and GC-rich heterochromatin, as reported for most species in Scinax ruber clade. Interpopulation chromosomal variation was observed in Scinax eurydice, indicating the occurrence of cryptic species. The mapping of 18S ribosomal genes by FISH is reported for the first time in both species.

A new species of Rock-Dwelling Scinax Wagler (Anura: Hylidae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Central Brazil.

A new species of the Scinax ruber clade is described from Chapada dos Veadeiros region, Central Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by having SVL 21.9-27.7 mm in males and 26.7-31.7 mm in females; snout acuminate in dorsal view and rounded in profile; medium-sized tympanum; vocal sac single, median, subgular, that does not reach the pectoral region; iris iridescent yellow, with some thin, darker reticulations; tadpoles with ventral oral disc; P-3 regular and unmodified as a labial arm; absence of keratinized and colored plates on the sides of the lower jaw-sheath; presence of a keratinized and colored spur on each side behind the lower jaw-sheath; dorsolateral eyes, ventrally invisible; and advertisement call composed of 8-14 notes each with 4-18 pulses, and duration of 290-420 ms. The new species uses temporary creeks in rock meadows above 1.000 m a.s.l. and males calls from rock outcrops. The dorsal color pattern enables this species to camouflage in this kind of surfaces.

Calls of five species of the Scinax ruber (Anura: Hylidae) clade from Brazil with comments on their taxonomy

As currently defined, tree frogs of the genus Scinax comprises the most species-rich genus within Hylinae. Although in the last decades there have been an increasing number of taxonomic studies on Scinax, populations of several species still deserve further studies to assess their taxonomic status. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the taxonomy and zoogeography of some species of Scinax from Brazil assigned to the Scinax ruber clade through the description/redescription of their advertisement calls. The advertisement call of S. duartei from topotypic specimens and the call of S. acuminatus are described here for the first time. The call of S. duartei is in disagreement with descriptions from the literature what suggests that an unnamed species is hidden under this specific name. Redescriptions of the calls of S. crospedospilus, S. eurydice, and S. hayii are also provided and compared with previous studies. In order to better assess the taxonomic status of species with advertisement calls that present more than one emphasized frequency, as in some species of the Scinax ruber clade, we recommend special attention in the descriptions of the spectral components of these calls.

A New Miniature Treefrog of the Scinax ruber Clade from the Cerrado of Central Brazil (Anura: Hylidae)

Abstract We describe a new species of treefrog of the Scinax ruber clade related to Scinax fuscomarginatus from southwest of the state of Goias in central Brazil. The new species is characterized by its small size (snout–vent length of males, 15.9–18.6 mm; females, 18.1–18.7 mm), very slender body, a snout that is strongly acute in lateral view and subelliptical in dorsal view, two lateral broad blackish stripes from the posterior corner of the eye to inguinal region, reduced toe webbing, and advertisement calls that are a single pulsed note with a pulse period of 2–13 ms and a dominant frequency of 2.51–5.95 kHz. Vocalizations of the new species and S. fuscomarginatus, Scinax parkeri, Scinax squalirostris, and Scinax wandae are provided and discussed.

The Advertisement Call ofScinax similis(Cochran, 1952) (Amphibia, Anura)

ABSTRACT. The advertisement call is responsible for attracting females and helps the calling male to keep the acoustic territory by warning other males of its position. This call is species-specific and, because of this, it is frequently used in studies of taxonomy and phylogeny. In this study, we describe the advertisement call of Scinax similis recorded in Mage, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and compare it with the call presented by Haddad et al. in audio form. The advertisement call of Scinax similis is short and composed of one multipulsed note with two bands of frequency of similar intensity. The dominant frequency was found in the second band. The difference in the advertisement call of S. similis from the Municipality of Mage and the call presented by Haddad et al. can be interpreted as variation between populations and/or social context consequences. Between Brazilian species of the Scinax ruber clade, the call of S. similis is similar to that of S. auratus and S. juncae.

A new species of small Scinax Wagler, 1830 (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) of the Scinax ruber clade from Cerrado of central Brazil

AbstractA new species of the Scinax ruber clade from the Brazilian Cerrado Domain similar to Scinax fuscomarginatus, S. parkeri, S. trilineatus and S. wandae is described. It is characterized by small snout-vent lenght, body slender, head approximately as long as wide and slightly wider than body, subovoid snout in dorsal view, protruding snout in lateral view, a developed supratympanic fold, absence of flash colour on the posterior surfaces of thighs, hidden portions of shanks and groin, and large vocal sac. Scinax lutzorum sp. nov. differs from S. fuscomarginatus, S. parkeri and S. trilineatus by its slightly larger SVL; from Scinax fuscomarginatus and S. parkeri it differs by its more slender body; from Scinax fuscomarginatus and S. trilineatus the new species differs by its wider head and more protruding eyes; and it differs from Scinax parkeri and S. wandae by its shorter snout. Comments on the type specimens of S. fuscomarginatus are presented and a lectotype is designated for this species.

A new species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from Rocky Montane Fields in Southeastern and Central Brazil

We describe a new species of tree frog of the Scinax ruber clade from rocky field mountains in the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais in central and southeastern Brazil. Scinax rogerioi sp. nov. is characterized by medium size (SVL males 25.0–35.6 mm; females 28.0–34.5 mm); snout protruding in lateral view and almost subovoid in dorsal view; loreal region concave; adhesive discs on fingers medium-sized, wider than long; interrupted, irregular dark brown blotches on dorsum from behind eyes to inguinal region from head to inguinal region; inverted brown triangular interocular blotch; brown spot in loreal region; advertisement call is a multipulsed note, with 6 to 12 pulses (interval between pulses 0.02 to 0.03s), and a dominant frequency of 1.38 to 3.19 kHz. Description of the advertisement call and data on natural history are provided.

A New Species ofScinax(Anura: Hylidae) from the Area of Iquitos, Amazonian Peru

ABSTRACT. We describe a new species of the hylid frog genus Scinax from the Peruvian Upper Amazonian Lowlands (area of Iquitos, Region Loreto, Peru). The new species belongs to the Scinax ruber clade and differs from all its members by having the dorsal skin slightly to coarsely shagreen, by lacking conspicuous ulnar and tarsal tubercles, and in life by having a distinct light olive-green coloration on dorsum, bright yellow flanks with distinct black spots, black posterior surfaces of thighs, and gold to bronze iris.

Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae, Scinax fuscomarginatus: distribution extension

None