Scientific Research Institute Research Articles

Corporate innovation capacity, national innovation setting, and renewable energy use

This study combines both the resource-based view and institutional theory to investigate the relationship between a company's innovation capabilities and its consumption of renewable energy sources within well-established innovation ecosystems. Drawing on a comprehensive dataset of 14,506 observations covering 2007 to 2018, we executed the country-industry-year fixed-effects regression. The analysis reveals that a nation's innovation framework significantly influences the connection between a firm's innovation capabilities and its use of renewable energy. This relationship is moderated by key indicators of the nation's innovation climate, including the quality of scientific research institutions, university–industry collaboration, and government involvement in technology procurement. These findings emphasise the importance of institutional factors in fostering synergy between a company's innovation capacity and its consumption of renewable energy sources. They highlight the potential benefits of collaboration between firms and governments in promoting renewable energy consumption, especially in an era where innovative energy solutions are critical. This evidence underscores the need for a supportive macro-level policy environment alongside corporate initiatives to facilitate the transition to cleaner energy sources.

Progress toward impact at scale of orange‐fleshed sweetpotato in Ghana

AbstractSweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) was known as a minor root crop in Ghana. Starting in 2010, the International Potato Center (CIP) and multiple partners implemented orange‐fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) projects to reposition this crop in Ghana. CIP‐led projects from 2010 to 2021 were identified as Research for Development Initiative projects. These projects consisted of (i) new variety development and commercial seed systems (Sweetpotato Action for Security and Health in Africa: 2009–2019); (ii) OFSP products for business development, breeding‐seed system linkages, strategic awareness for demand creation, sensitization, capacity building, advocacy, and strengthen public‐private partnerships (Jumpstarting OFSP: 2014–2017); (iii) research on shelf‐life and appropriate storage practices (two U.S. Agency for International Development's Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance: 2013–2015 and 2017–2018); and (iv) innovative on‐farm variety testing using the ClimMob‐CitizenScience method (Triadic Comparison of Technologies– roots, tubers, and bananas scaling: 2020–2021). In November 2020, CIP withdrew from Ghana, and the scaling partner, the Reputed Agriculture 4 Development Foundation, led this project up to the end. Strengthened partnerships have driven the expansion of OFSP into value chains. Key partners driving changes were private sector producers and processors, small‐holder farmers, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research institutes, universities, Women in Agricultural Development, Government Extension, Ghana Health Service, and Ghana School Feeding Program. AGRA OFSP for scaling in Ghana (2021–2022) revealed OFSP notably contributed to food security, health, and wealth. It fits in the Food System and contributes to Food Justice in Ghana. Future scaling will depend on consistent policies and efforts to respond to challenges and opportunities along the value chain for sustainability. Impact pathways of theories of change and scaling helped us understand the scaling progress of OFSP in Ghana.

Improvement of millet cultivation technology in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

The article studies the effectiveness of using mineral fertilizers, growth stimulants and bacterial preparations in the cultivating millet technology. The research was carried out in 2021–2023 on the experimental field of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, which located in the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The object of study is the mid-late millet variety Kavkazskie Zori, bred by Kabardino-Balkarian Research Institute of Agriculture. Inoculation of seeds with Rizoagrin (Agrobacterium radiobacter) and Azophyte (Azotobacter vinelandii) was carried out on the day of sowing, exogenous spraying of plants with growth stimulants Mival Agro (10 g/ha), MS-extra (0.5 kg/ha) – in the three-leaf phase. Treatment of seeds with biological preparations Rizoagrin and Azofit increases field germination by 8.9 and 5.3%, respectively, relative to the control. They also have a positive effecton the preservation of plants for harvesting. The usage of biological products provides an increase in the yield of millet by 0.38–0.54 t/hacompared to the control, fertilizers – 0.64 t/ha, growth stimulants – 0.27–0.46 t/ha. Maximum productivity was achieved with the biological product Rizoagrin and the growth stimulator MS-extra against the background of N10P26K26 – 2.48 t/ha.

The study of potato hybrids in the Kola North

The article presents data on the study of potato varieties (2020–2022) in the Murmansk region on the basis of an integrated scientific research institution Murmansk State Agricultural Experimental Station – a branch of the VIR. In the trial dig, the hybrid 211/1 was isolated, which exceeded in all main indicators (yield, marketability, mass of tubers from one bush, mass of one tuber) the standard sample – the most adapted to the conditions of the Kola North (variety Elizabeth). There were good results in the main cleaning in terms of marketability: in 2020: hybrid 211/1 – 98.9%, hybrid 114/11 – 98.6, hybrid 2103/7 – 99.4, hybrid 211/9 – 99.4%; in 2021. – 211/1 – 98,1, 114/11 – 96,3, 2103/7 – 98,4, 211/9 – 99,1%; in 2022. -211/1 – 99,5, 114/11 – 99,8, 2103/7 – 99,2, 211/9 – 99%. In 2020 and 2021, the hybrid 211/1 stood out among the other four in terms of yield, marketability, weight of tubers from one bush, weight of one tuber. In 2022, hybrids 114/11 and 211/9 had the best yields. The mass of one tuber in the main harvest in 2022 for the hybrid 114/11 is 126.3 g (more than the standard). According to the maturation time, all samples are close to the standard. According to the research results, the most adapted hybrid 114/11 can be recommended to the population of the northern region.

Challenges and Opportunities of Education and Scientific Research in the United Arab Emirates

This study addressed the challenges and opportunities of education and scientific research in the United Arab Emirates. It discussed the relationship between educational outcomes, scientific research, and real-world requirements. It also highlighted the density of curricula and the accumulation of knowledge, noting that current educational curricula do not align with the demands of e-learning, which has emerged as a strong and new system in future education. The study emphasized the role of higher education and scientific research institutions in advancing and keeping pace with advanced countries. It stressed the importance of academic and research collaboration among higher education institutions, academic accreditation for programs, and the required skills for each specialization to serve both learners and the country. Regarding scientific research, the study observed a continuous decline due to reduced funding for research and decreased allocated funds by universities. It also discussed faculty members' challenges in their academic and administrative duties. The study concluded by proposing innovative solutions to address the challenges of education and scientific research in the United Arab Emirates.

Wheat Yield Estimation Study Using Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices

Wheat is the main grain crop in our country, and the traditional wheat yield estimation method is time-consuming and laborious. By estimating wheat yield efficiently, quickly and non-destructively, agricultural producers can quickly obtain information about wheat yield, manage wheat fields more scientifically and accurately, and ensure national food security. Taking the Xinxiang Experimental Base of the Crop Science Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences as an example, hyperspectral data for the critical growth stages of wheat were pre-processed. A total of 27 vegetation indices were calculated from the experimental plots. These indices were then subjected to correlation analysis with measured wheat yield. Vegetation indices with Pearson correlation coefficients greater than 0.5 were selected. Five methods, including multiple linear regression, stepwise regression, principal component regression, neural networks and random forests, were used to construct wheat yield estimation models. Among the methods used, multiple linear regression, stepwise regression and the models developed using principal component analysis showed a lower modelling accuracy and validation precision. However, the neural network and random forest methods both achieved a modelling accuracy R2 greater than 0.6, with validation accuracy R2 values of 0.729 and 0.946, respectively. In addition, the random forest method had a lower cross-validation RMSE value, with values of 869.8 kg/hm−2, indicating a higher model accuracy. In summary, the random forest method provided the optimal estimation for wheat yield, enabling the timely and accurate pre-harvest wheat yield prediction, which has significant value for precision agriculture management and decision making.

„The Black Box" by George Stocking

Three years before his death on July 13, 2013, George William Stocking, widely regarded as the discipline's "greatest historian of anthropology," wrote an autobiography and memoir entitled Glimpses into My Own Black Box: An Exercise in Self-Deconstruction(2010). The book was published as part of the famous History of Anthropology (HOA) edition, which Stocking started at The University of Wisconsin Press (1983) and edited for two decades. This paper is based on the understanding of the American theoretician of autobiography, William Howarth, who posited that autobiography in literary (and scientific) writing is akin to what self-portrait is in painting. In the introductory chapter of the work, biographical data are presented that bring the character and work of George William Stocking closer to the domestic, Serbian readership (his second marriage to the sociologist Carol Bowman; their stays in Yugoslavia). This is followed by a description of the two main phases in Stocking's life and work: the formative period in his intellectual development and the mature age, known as the "Chicago years", spent in the Departments of History and Anthropology. Bearing in mind the main elements of the autobiographical strategy – character/self-portrait, technique (rhetoric and writing style), and the theme presented by the author's work-text – Stocking's book thematizes the life story, professional and scientific history (history of anthropology) from the position of both a witness and the one of the creators of written histories of the discipline and biographies of its practitioners and theorists. His writing technique is characterized by self-reflection and scientifically argued discussions on anthropological, historical and political topics and problems. Despite the significant influence his writing and edition of the HOA has had in anthropology, social sciences and humanities, the autobiographer problematizes his relationship to the two disciplines that shaped him as a scientist, highlighting his ambivalent position within them. In spite of the objective indicators of professional success, such as prestigious recognitions, awards, a secure position at the University and the Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a comfortable civic life filled with trips, conferences and guest appearances at important American and British scientific research institutions, the subjective experience of "double non-belonging" or rather, liminality, is the leitmotif that colors his self-portrait and the meaning of the text as a whole. The main features of the work, such as its discursive style of narration and description, striving for objectivity and honesty (self-disclosure and „self-deconstruction“), anxiety regarding one's own place, role and importance in science, as well as, at times, a resigned or elegiac tone, especially at the end of the book, i.e. towards the end of his life, provide the basis to include Stocking's strategy in a hybrid type with elements of those two categories that Howarth calls "rhetorical" and "poetic" confession.

Analysis on patents of health care products with substances of medicine food homology in China

ObjectiveThe concept of substances of medicine food homology (SMFH) has garnered significant attention in recent years. This study conducts a systematic analysis of patent literature related to SMFH, and elucidates the development trends, technical hotspots, and the overall patent protection landscape of SMFH in China over the past two decades. MethodsThe patent search focused on the SMFH varieties as the objects of inquiry, with retrieval conducted in patent databases. Subsequently, the acquired data underwent processing, analysis, and visualization. ResultsWhile the technical threshold for pharmaceutical applications surpasses that of the food service sector, the former may assume a prominent role in the future. Research and development (R&D) activities in the southeast of China demonstrate robust activity than other regions. Colleges and scientific research institutions exhibit substantial advantages in patent applications compared with individuals and hold greater potential for future development. ConclusionThe findings of this patent analysis indicate that China’s SMFH industry are presently undergoing a transition from an extensive model to a high-quality model. The quality and technical standards of SMFH products are consistently improving. Consequently, there is a need for more stringent patent application requirements to align with the evolving development needs.

Development and Prospect of Botanical Drugs in the Treatment of Lung Cancer--A Visualization Study Based on Bibliometrics

BackgroundLung cancer has one of the highest death rates in the world. modern medicine is the main treatment for lung cancer, but it has many side effects. Scholars have turned their attention to the application of botanical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer. It is found that in addition to treating lung cancer, it can also reduce side effects, and at the same time it plays a role in improving the immunity of patients and improving the quality of lives of patients. ObjectiveTo analyze the research progress, status, and hotspots in the field of botanical drug therapy for lung cancer visually in recent more than 20 years, it is expected to help the scholars to establish a clear existing research framework, development process, and research direction of this field. MethodsWe searched journal papers from the Web of Science database dated from January 2002 to March 2023 in the field of botanical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer, we used Cite Space, VOS viewer, Pajet analysis software to analyze publication, author, institution, country, keyword, keyword cluster, journals of co-citation analysis, burst keyword, and drew visual maps. Results814 articles were obtained in the study. The authors' cooperative network analysis showed that Liu Liang published the most papers in the field of botanical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer. The analysis of institutions showed that Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was an important scientific research institution for botanical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer, and it had more cooperation with other institutions. China was the country with the largest number of publications. Keywords analysis showed that the research content in the field mainly focused on lung cancer, apoptosis, traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese herb medicine, efficacy, chemotherapy, signaling pathways, mechanisms, and in vitro.10 significant clusters were generated by keyword cluster analysis. The journals of co-citation analysis map showed that the Journal Of Ethnopharmacology (929 citations) and Cancer Research (683 citations) were excellent journals in the JCR1 region. The top 18 burst keywords showed the hot research issues in the field of botanical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer in the past more than 20 years. ConclusionThe research on botanical drugs in the treatment of lung cancer is still in the initial stage. This paper shows the current situation, research progress, and hotspots of the field with the help of visual maps. To ensure the safety and effective use of botanical drugs by lung cancer patients, through this study, we expect scholars to conduct in-depth research on the effectiveness and safety mechanisms of botanical drugs in the future and expect that WHO can establish a universal safety standard for botanical drug use.

Visual analysis of the research frontiers, hotspots and trends of exercise therapy intervention in tumor-related sleep-wake disorders.

To systematically understand the research frontiers, hotspots and development trends of exercise therapy in the intervention of tumor-related sleep-wake disorders, and to provide scientific basis for follow-up research. Downloaded the original research papers on February 26, 2024, from the Web of Science core collection database, on tumor-associated sleep-wake disorders. The data that met the inclusion criteria were imported into the Bibliometric Analysis Platform (http://biblimetric.com), CiteSpace 6.3.R1 and VOSviwer1.6.20 software for visual analysis, and imported into Excel2021. Scientometric analysis was performed with Oringin2021 and PyCharm Community Edition 2022.1.3. A total of 512 original research papers on tumor-related sleep-wake disorders were obtained. The most influential countries in the subject area are the United States, Spain and German, the institutions are the University of California System, Sun Yat Sen University and Northwestern University, etal., the authors are Berger AM, Aaronson NK, Bower JE, etal., and the journals are Cancer, Brit J Cancer and Cancer Nurs. The co-cited references suggest that the current research frontier in the field mainly involves the level, place and program of exercise therapy, including the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior and cancer prevention and control. The results of co-occurrence keyword network analysis showed that quality of life, physical activity, breast cancer, exercise, fatigue, and survivors may be the research hotspots in this field, with breast cancer, health, aerobic exercise, adults, and chemotherapy being the most popular. The number of papers published and the research enthusiasm in this field show a steady upward trend. However, there is a lack of influential institutions and scholars, and there is relatively little research collaboration across countries/regions/institutions. The scientific research influence of institutions and scholars in most European and American countries/regions is significantly ahead of that of institutions and scholars in Asian and African countries/regions. But Sun Yat Sen University in China is a relatively active and influential scientific research institution in recent years, which is worthy of attention. In addition, the research frontier of this discipline is the level, place and program of exercise therapy auxiliary intervention, and the research hotspots involve breast cancer, health, aerobic exercise, adults, chemotherapy, etal. Their clinical efficacy needs to be further demonstrated in multi-center, large-sample and high-quality prospective studies.

Bibliometric analysis of China's high standard farmland construction research based on CNKI

Carrying out the construction of high-standard farmland is an important way to implement the principle of "storing grain in the land and storing grain in the technology", and it is an important practice to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's principle of food security. The construction of high-standard farmland can speed up the modernization of agriculture, help urbanization development, and realize the efficient use of arable land, scientific management, and guarantee the increase of farmers' incomes. The construction of high-standard farmland is beneficial to the country and the people. Using CNKI database publication year, institutions, authors, publications, journals, cited frequency, keywords and other elements, we systematically sorted out the overview of the research field of high-standard farmland construction in China from 1996 to 2024, and comprehensively analyzed the research dynamics and hotspots in this field. The results show that: at present, China's high standard farmland construction research mainly focuses on the theoretical policy, implementation effect and engineering technology; the organization with the most publications in this field is the newspaper, and the two documents with the highest total citation frequency are Research on the Construction Standards and Models of High-standard Farmland in Chongqing Municipality and Construction Standards of High-standard Farmland, respectively, and Comprehensive Agricultural Development of China is the periodical that publishes the most related documents; in the future, the research hotspots will gradually tend to be zoning construction and high standard farmland construction. The research hotspot gradually tends to zoning construction, ecological construction and other aspects, need to accelerate the research of scientific research institutions on this aspect of the research and key technology integration.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОЦЕНКИ ВЕРОЯТНОСТИ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ПОЖАРА АВТОМАТИЧЕСКИМИ ПОЖАРНЫМИ ИЗВЕЩАТЕЛЯМИ

The purpose of this work is to draw the attention of fire automation specialists to the issue of the lack of a methodology for assessing the probability of timely detection of a fire by automatic fire detectors. At the same time, in regulatory documents on the calculation of fire risks at protection facilities, this parameter appears under the names «probability of effective operation» and «coefficient that takes into account the compliance of the fire alarm system with the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety». At the same time, their values are fixed without a comprehensive analysis of statistical data on the operation of fire alarm systems on fires and without taking into account the impact of the service life of automatic fire detectors included in the system on the threshold of their operation. With this approach, the calculated values of fire risk values may differ significantly from the real ones. Therefore, the issue of the correct assessment of the probability of a timely fire by automatic fire detectors, and consequently, the fire alarm system formed by them, is relevant and requires a solution. The paper proposes to assess the probability of timely detection of fires by fire alarm systems based on a detailed analysis of statistical data on their work on fires, published annually in the statistical collections of Russian scientific research institute of fire protection of EMERCOM of Russia. In order to be able to conduct a detailed analysis, it is proposed to increase the volume of statistical data provided.

Based on the Molecular Mechanism of CiteSpace Sanqi Total Saponin and the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Fibrosis, Hot Spot Visualization Analysis

This study aims to study the current situation, hot spots and development trends of Sanqi total saponins in the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis through a visual map, in order to provide a direction and trend for the research of traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis. Method: By using CiteSpace visualization software, the relevant literature on the use of Sanqi total saponins in the CNKI database for the treatment of renal fibrosis was visually analyzed, including posting trends, authors, institutions and keywords, and the corresponding knowledge map was generated. Results: From 2005 to 2022, a total of 1,533 documents were included in the research results. From 2008 to 2017, an average of 99 articles were published every year, accounting for 67.5% of the total number of articles published. Among them, the number of articles published in 2010 and 2013 reached 114, the highest in previous years. At the same time, Yang Min is the author who has published the most articles, with a total of 29 papers. Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine is the main research institution in this field. Through cluster analysis of research hotspots, ten clusters were obtained, including rats, left ventricular reconstruction, oxidative stress, drug interaction, astragaloside, apoptosis, matrix metalloproteinase-9,oleoside, lipopolysaccharide, atherosclerosis, etc. Future research focuses include oxidative stress, autophagy process, Sanqi total saponins, inflammatory response, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and pharmacokinetics. Conclusion: The knowledge map reveals the research status and research hotspots of Sanqi total saponins in the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis, including oxidative stress, inflammation, cell proliferation and apoptosis, which will become the focus of research on the prevention and treatment of renal fibrosis in traditional Chinese medicine in the future. However, the collaboration between research authors and scientific research institutions lacks closeness, lacks core authors, and has not yet formed an influential research organization. The depth and breadth of research need to be further enhanced.

A systematic literature review of crisis management in online public opinion: evolutionary path and implications for China

PurposeThis study aims to explore the dissemination and evolutionary path of online public opinion from a crisis management perspective. By clarifying the influencing factors and dynamic mechanisms of online public opinion dissemination, this study provides insights into attenuating the negative impact of online public opinion and creating a favorable ecological space for online public opinion.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs bibliometric analysis and CiteSpace software to analyze 302 Chinese articles published from 2006 to 2023 in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database and 276 English articles published from 1994 to 2023 in the Web of Science core set database. Through literature keyword clustering, co-citation analysis and burst terms analysis, this paper summarizes the core scientific research institutions, scholars, hot topics and evolutionary paths of online public opinion crisis management research from both Chinese and international academic communities.FindingsThe results show that the study of online public opinion crisis management in China and internationally is centered on the life cycle theory, which integrates knowledge from information, computer and system sciences. Although there are differences in political interaction and stage evolution, the overall evolutionary path is similar, and it develops dynamically in the “benign conflict” between the expansion of the research perspective and the gradual refinement of research granularity.Originality/valueThis study summarizes the research results of online public opinion crisis management from China and the international academic community and identifies current research hotspots and theoretical evolution paths. Future research can focus on deepening the basic theories of public opinion crisis management under the influence of frontier technologies, exploring the subjectivity and emotionality of web users using fine algorithms and promoting the international development of network public opinion crisis management theory through transnational comparison and international cooperation.

Proton and muon beam tests for ultra-fast MCP-PMT detectors

In collaboration with the North Night Vision Science and Technology (Nanjing) Research Institute Co. Ltd, researchers at the Institute of High Energy of Physics in China have successfully developed the 20-inch micro-channel-plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT) that exhibits high detection efficiency (DE) for use in the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO). Due to the long drift path of electrons from photocathode to MCP, the 20-inch MCP-PMT has a time resolution on the order of nanoseconds. Recently, the team has made advancements in ultra-fast MCP-PMTs (FPMTs), achieving picosecond-level time resolution with both 1-inch and 2-inch types. By now, prototypes featuring single-anode, 2 × 2 anodes, 4 × 4 anodes, and 8 × 8 anodes have been successfully manufactured and tested. The 8 × 8 anode FPMT, in particular, demonstrates a transit time spread (TTS) of 36 ps (Sigma) in single photon mode, thanks to its meticulously engineered structure. To assess the FPMT’s time performance under beam conditions, two beam tests were conducted at Fermi Lab and CERN. In these tests, the 8 × 8 pixel arrays of four distinct radiators, including LYSO, BGO, Pb glass and quartz glass, were paired with the 8 × 8 anodes FPMT. This setup involved the use of two radiator-coupled FPMT detectors for particle detection. The best coincidence time resolution recorded was 64 ps (Sigma) with a 120 GeV proton beam and 56 ps (Sigma) with a 108 GeV muon beam.

Nomenclatural standards of barley cultivars bred by the Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region – Branch of the Tyumen Scientific Research Center SB RAS

The article contains descriptions of the morphological, biological and economic characters of spring barley cultivars ‘Kudesnik’ and ‘Divnyj’ (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. distichon (L.) Körn. var. nutans Körn.) bred by the Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region – Branch of Federal Research Centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SRIA for NTUR – Branch of Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Tyumen region, Russia) as well as information about the history of spring barley breeding at the said Institute.As part of this work, the nomenclatural standards of cultivars ‘Kudesnik’ and ‘Divnyj’ were created. The plant material for nomenclatural standards was collected at the Pushkin laboratories of the Research and Production Base “Pushkin and Pavlovsk laboratories of VIRˮ. All plants for making a herbarium specimen of a cultivar were those grown from one seed sample.The nomenclatural standard of cultivar ‘Kudesnik’ is represented by one herbarium sheet and is duplicated by four herbarium sheets, while the nomenclatural standard of cultivar ‘Divnyj’ is mounted on one herbarium sheet and has three duplicate sheets. Every sheet contains the entire plant at the milky ripeness stage, mature spikes and grain samples.The nomenclatural standards were produced in accordance with the recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) and registered in the VIR Herbarium database. The herbarium specimens were deposited at the Herbarium of Cultivated Plants of the World, their Wild Relatives and Weeds (WIR) at the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources.

Nomenclatural standard of barley cultivar ‘Talovsky 9’

The nomenclatural standard of spring two-row barley cultivar ‘Talovsky 9’, bred by the Federal Government Budgetory Scientific Institution "Voronezh Federal Agricultural Scientific Centre named after V.V. Dokuchaev" (FGBSI "Voronezh FASC named after V.V. Dokuchaev") former V.V. Dokuchaev Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Earth Zone was created.The pedigree of the 'Talovsky 9' barley cultivar includes the ‘Pervenets’ and ‘Donetsk 8’ cultivars, highly resistant to smut, and highly resistant to root rot cultivars the ‘Donetsk 8’ and ‘Preriya’. Cultivar ‘Talovsky 9’ was selected by the method of stepwise hybridization between productive and drought-resistant cultivars ‘Pervenets’, ‘Donetsk 8’, ‘Prairie’, followed by individual selection from the hybrid population F3. The barley cultivar 'Talovsky 9' is zoned in Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk and Tambov regions within the Central Black Earth region and was included in the State Register, State Register code 9610219 in 2007 (State Register…, 2023).The herbarium specimen of the nomenclatural standard of cultivar ‘Talovsky 9’ is presented on one herbarium sheet and has 2 sheets of doublet. All sheets contain entire plants in a state of milk stage collected at the Research and Production Base “Pushkin and Pavlovsk laboratories of the VIR”, ripe inflorescences and grains collected at the Voronezh Federal Agricultural Scientific Centre named after V.V. Dokuchaev. All specimens for the herbaria are plants grown from the same seeds generation.The nomenclatural standard was prepared in accordance with the recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), registered in the VIR Herbarium database and were processed and accessioned to the Herbarium WIR.

In Vitro Collection for the Safe Storage of Grapevine Hybrids and Identification of the Presence of Plasmopara viticola Resistance Genes.

This paper focuses on the creation of an in vitro collection of grapevine hybrids from the breeding program of the Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Fruit Growing and Viticulture and investigates the presence of Plasmopara viticola resistance mediated by Rpv3 and Rpv12 loci. We looked at the optimization of in vitro establishment using either shoots taken directly from field-grown plants or from budwood cuttings forced indoors. We further screened for the presence of endophyte contamination in the initiated explants and optimized the multiplication stage. Finally, the presence of the resistance loci against P. viticola was studied. The shoots initiated from the field-sourced explants were the more effective method of providing plant sources for in vitro initiation once all plant accessions met the goal of in vitro establishment. The concentration of phytohormones and the acidity of the culture medium have a great effect on the multiplication rate and the quality of in vitro stock cultures. Out of 17 grapevine accessions, 16 showed the presence of single or combined resistance loci against P. viticola. The grapevine accessions identified as carrying Rpv3 and Rpv12 alleles represent important genetic resources for disease resistance breeding programs. These accessions may further contribute to the creation of new elite cultivars of economic interest.

Low expression of the <i>ST6GAL2</i> and <i>CD248</i> genes as an unfavorable prognostic marker of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Introduction. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity is an aggressive and rapidly progressing disease. The tendency to progression of the tumor process is due to the clinical and pathological characteristics of the patient and the biological characteristics of the tumor. molecular and genetic disorders related with transcriptome level play an important role in tumor progression, which can be used in predicting the outcome of the disease. Aim. To identify markers for assessing the risk of the SCC progression. Materials and methods. Based on the data of the Cancer genome Atlas database, a bioinformatic search for genes associated with the progression of SCC was performed (11 genes were selected). Then we performed a retrospective analysis of clinical data and histological material from 38 patients with SCC treated at the Scientific Research Institute of Oncology of the Tomsk National Research medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 2018 to 2021. Fixed samples of tumor tissue were examined. The level of gene expression was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results. It was shown that decrease in the ST6GAL2 matrix RNA level is associated with presence of lymphogenic metastases and decrease in the CD248 matrix RNA level is associated with the occurrence of relapses. Conclusion. Expression level of the ST6GAL2 and CD248 genes can be used as predictors of an unfavorable prognosis of SCC.

Current Trends in the Study of Promising Medicinal Plant Species

This publication presents the views of Nikolay I. Sidelnikov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, on the current developments in the cultivation of medicinal plants, the search for and study of herbal drug sources, and the development of herbal medicinal products. The All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants carries out comprehensive studies of medicinal plants, including the evaluation of natural resources in the context of environmental management, the development of agricultural technologies, the search for biologically active substances, preclinical pharmacology and toxicity studies, and the development of technologies for the production of active substances and medicinal.