Science Portal Research Articles

Climate Change and Public Health Dynamics: A Bibliometric Study with Comprehensive Review

The study directs to analyze how global climate shift affects public well-being and identify research clusters, trends, and potential gaps in this multidisciplinary field. The study also investigates the worldwide distribution of research institutions and their collaborative networks in this crucial area. We have use advanced bibliometric techniques to achieve our objectives. The analysis involves numerous academic articles, including journals, authors, keyword co-occurrence, and affiliations. By mapping the intellectual composition and trends in the field, we can gain valued perceptions of the complex relationship involving environmental alteration and public well-being. Bibliometric data is used to track research themes and clusters over time, examining keyword co-occurrence and affiliations. A comprehensive dataset of 1854 research papers was acquired from January 2000 to July 2023. Geospatial analysis helps us understand the geographic distribution of research institutions. Research papers were collected on climatic variations and people's physical conditions from the Web of Science portal, the report includes a bibliometric analysis and methodology review. Our study highlights research clusters and evolving themes in climatic disturbances and public wellbeing, along with potential study gaps. Furthermore, it examines the global reach of this critical field by analyzing the geographic distribution of research institutions and their collaborative networks. This review specifies a broad view of climate difference's impact on public health. It helps identify trends and promotes interdisciplinary collaborations. Use it to shape evidence-based strategies for mitigating climate changes health effects in the 21st century.

The Effect of Self-Citation on Scholarly Recognition and Visibility

Self-citation, an important aspect of academic work [1], requires careful oversight to protect the integrity and perception of scholarly contributions. Although self-referencing is often necessary for expanding upon past research, an excessive amount can negatively affect a researcher's reputation and rankings in academic indices. Indices/Lists like the Highly Cited Researcher (HCR) [2] index by Clarivate Analytics often adjust or exclude metrics associated with high self-citation rates to provide a more accurate representation of a researcher's impact, thereby enhancing visibility and credibility. According to the authors of [3] [4], self-citation rates typically range from 7.38% in Economics & Business to 15.6% in Mathematics. The same authors in [3] recommend keeping self-citations below 10%, which aligns with the general agreement among academic institutions and researchers. Maintaining this limit helps in qualifying for prestigious rankings and awards, promoting fair competition in academia. There are several methods to verify the self-citation ratio, with two of the most popular ones being the use of the Scopus platform [5] and the Web of Science (WOS) portal by Clarivate [6]. Scopus and WOS do not directly display the self-citation rate, but they do offer both the total citation count and the count excluding self-citations. Additionally, these portals can generate a citation report for authors, providing details on the number of citations, h-index, citing articles (with an option to exclude self-citations), and a year-by-year breakdown of citation counts. To find the self-citation rate Scopus and WOS, subtract the number of citations excluding self-citations from the total citations, divide this result by the total number of citations, and then multiply by 100 to get the percentage. For instance, if the total citations are 12,526 and the citations excluding self-citations are 12,000, the difference of 526 self-citations divided by the total results in a rate of 4.199%. This percentage indicates how much self-citations add to the overall citation count, which is important for maintaining appropriate citation standards.

The effects of radiofrequency exposure on male fertility: A systematic review of human observational studies with dose–response meta-analysis

BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) is bringing together evidence on radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure in relation to health outcomes, previously identified as priorities for research and evaluation by experts in the field, to inform exposure guidelines. A suite of systematic reviews have been undertaken by a network of topic experts and methodologists to collect, assess and synthesise data relevant to these guidelines. Following the WHO handbook for guideline development and the COSTER conduct guidelines, we systematically reviewed the evidence on the potential effects of RF-EMF exposure on male fertility in human observational studies. MethodsWe conducted a broad and sensitive search for potentially relevant records within the following bibliographic databases: MEDLINE; Embase; Web of Science and EMF Portal. We also conducted searches of grey literature through relevant databases including OpenGrey, and organisational websites and consulted RF-EMF experts. We hand searched reference lists of included study records and for citations of these studies. We included quantitative human observational studies on the effect of RF-EMF exposure in adult male participants on infertility: sperm concentration; sperm morphology; sperm total motility; sperm progressive motility; total sperm count; and time to pregnancy. Titles and abstracts followed by full texts were screened in blinded duplicate against pre-set eligibility criteria with consensus input from a third reviewer as required. Data extraction from included studies was completed by two reviewers, as was risk of bias assessment using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) tool. We conducted a dose–response meta-analysis as possible and appropriate. Certainty of the evidence was assessed by two reviewers using the OHAT GRADE tool with input from a third reviewer as required. ResultsWe identified nine studies in this review; seven were general public studies (with the general public as the population of interest) and two were occupational studies (with specific workers/workforces as the population of interest).General public studies.Duration of phone use: The evidence is very uncertain surrounding the effects of RF-EMF on sperm concentration (10/6 mL) (MD (mean difference) per hour of daily phone use 1.6 106/mL, 95 % CI −1.7 to 4.9; 3 studies), sperm morphology (MD 0.15 percentage points of deviation of normal forms per hour, 95 % CI −0.21 to 0.51; 3 studies), sperm progressive motility (MD −0.46 percentage points per hour, 95 % CI −1.04 to 0.13; 2 studies) and total sperm count (MD per hour −0.44 106/ejaculate, 95 % CI −2.59 to 1.7; 2 studies) due to very low-certainty evidence. Four additional studies reported on the effect of mobile phone use on sperm motility but were unsuitable for pooling; only one of these studies identified a statistically significant effect. All four studies were at risk of exposure characterisation and selection bias; two of confounding, selective reporting and attrition bias; three of outcome assessment bias and one used an inappropriate statistical method.Position of phone: There may be no or little effect of carrying a mobile phone in the front pocket on sperm concentration, total count, morphology, progressive motility or on time to pregnancy.Of three studies reporting on the effect of mobile phone location on sperm total motility and, or, total motile count, one showed a statistically significant effect. All three studies were at risk of exposure characterisation and selection bias; two of confounding, selective reporting and attrition bias; three of outcome assessment bias and one used inappropriate statistical method.RF-EMF Source: One study indicates there may be little or no effect of computer or other electric device use on sperm concentration, total motility or total count. This study is at probably high risk of exposure characterisation bias and outcome assessment bias.Occupational studies.With only two studies of occupational exposure to RF-EMF and heterogeneity in the population and exposure source (technicians exposed to microwaves or seamen exposed to radar equipment), it was not plausible to statistically pool findings. One study was at probably or definitely high risk of bias across all domains, the other across domains for exposure characterisation bias, outcome assessment bias and confounding. DiscussionThe majority of evidence identified was assessing localised RF-EMF exposure from mobile phone use on male fertility with few studies assessing the impact of phone position. Overall, the evidence identified is very uncertain about the effect of RF-EMF exposure from mobile phones on sperm outcomes. One study assessed the impact of other RF-EMF sources on male fertility amongst the general public and two studies assessed the impact of RF-EMF exposure in occupational cohorts from different sources (radar or microwave) on male fertility.Further prospective studies conducted with greater rigour (in particular, improved accuracy of exposure measurement and appropriate statistical method use) would build the existing evidence base and are required to have greater certainty in any potential effects of RF-EMF on male reproductive outcomes. Prospero Registration: CRD42021265401 (SR3A)

Comparison of open science portals of India: web accessibility study

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare ten Open Science Portals in India. The comparison is made using the three primary parameters of accessibility, search engine optimization (SEO) and performance. This study aims to investigate whether the ten selected web portals efficiently meet the web accessibility requirements of the large population at an acceptable rate.Design/methodology/approachThis study was performed by using the Siteimprove web tool to collect information about Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. The online accessibility tools provided by Siteimprove make it simple to comply with and follow the global WCAG at all compliance levels. This study selected ten web portals taking into account the open accessibility and the web portals offered by the Indian Government to promote research and innovation.FindingsThe findings of this research will be beneficial for the government website designers, managers and administrators to assess their website’s level of compliance with accepted accessibility standards so they can make tactical choices to increase accessibility.Originality/valueThis study highlights the portals’ robust characteristic features and downsides, where improvement may be required. It also focused on how these portals help in promoting citizen science and public understanding of science nationwide.

The fifth data release of the Kilo Degree Survey: Multi-epoch optical/NIR imaging covering wide and legacy-calibration fields

We present the final data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-DR5), a public European Southern Observatory (ESO) wide-field imaging survey optimised for weak gravitational lensing studies. We combined matched-depth multi-wavelength observations from the VLT Survey Telescope and the VISTA Kilo-degree INfrared Galaxy (VIKING) survey to create a nine-band optical-to-near-infrared survey spanning 1347 deg2. The median r-band 5σ limiting magnitude is 24.8 with median seeing 0.7″. The main survey footprint includes 4 deg2 of overlap with existing deep spectroscopic surveys. We complemented these data in DR5 with a targeted campaign to secure an additional 23 deg2 of KiDS- and VIKING-like imaging over a range of additional deep spectroscopic survey fields. From these fields, we extracted a catalogue of 126 085 sources with both spectroscopic and photometric redshift information, which enables the robust calibration of photometric redshifts across the full survey footprint. In comparison to previous releases, DR5 represents a 34% areal extension and includes an i-band re-observation of the full footprint, thereby increasing the effective i-band depth by 0.4 magnitudes and enabling multi-epoch science. Our processed nine-band imaging, single- and multi-band catalogues with masks, and homogenised photometry and photometric redshifts can be accessed through the ESO Archive Science Portal.

Cannabinoids as dental pulp capping agents: a scoping review protocol

Exposure of the dental pulp and its contamination with bacteria from the oral environment can lead to pulp inflammation, toothache, necrosis and, in immature teeth, interruption of the rhizogenesis process; Therefore, it makes sense to suggest that bioactive materials can lead to the maintenance of pulp viability. Cannabinoids have been investigated in different areas of health and have already been studied in relation to their influence on dental pulp cells and apical papilla stem cells. This work proposes a protocol for the development of a scoping review with the objective of mapping the available literature on the use of cannabinoids as pulp protection agents. This scoping review protocol was prepared following the Peters methodology and the recommendations of the reviewer's manual for scoping reviews of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and PRISMA-ScR, and was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) under the DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/HYD28. Searches will be carried out in the Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, LILACS and VHL Portal databases, as well as in gray literature repositories. Data analysis will be descriptive and will involve both qualitative and quantitative data, from which a narrative synthesis will be constructed on the use of cannabinoids as protective agents for dental pulp. It is expected that the results obtained in this scoping review will provide support for future debates related to the topic and so that knowledge gaps found during the development of the review can be emphasized.

Engaging Citizen Scientists in Biodiversity Monitoring: Insights from the WildLIVE! Project

The growing public interest in biodiversity monitoring has led to a significant increase in initiatives that unite citizen scientists, researchers, and machine learning technologies. In this context, we introduce WildLIVE!, a dynamic biomonitoring and citizen science project. In WildLIVE!, participants analyze a vast array of images from a long-term camera trapping project in Bolivia to investigate the impacts of shifting environmental factors on wildlife. From 2020 to 2023, more than 850 participants registered for WildLIVE!, contributing nearly 9,000 hours of voluntary work. We explore the motivators and sentiments of participant engagement and discuss the key strategies that have contributed to the project’s initial success. The findings from a questionnaire highlight that the primary motivational factors for our participants are understanding and knowledge, as well as engagement and commitment. However, expressions of positive and negative sentiments can be found regarding involvement. Participants appeared to be driven primarily by a desire for intellectual growth and emotional fulfillment. Factors crucial to the success of this digital citizen science project include media exposure, creating emotional connections through virtual and in-person communication with participants, and visibility on public citizen science portals. Moreover, the project’s labeled dataset serves as a valuable resource for machine learning, aiding the development of a new platform that is compliant with the FAIR principles. WildLIVE! not only contributes to outcomes in science, society, and nature conservation, but also demonstrates the potential of creating a collaborative bridge between the general public, scientific research, biodiversity conservation, and advanced technological applications.

COVID-19 AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS: A SCOPE REVIEW

Objective: Conduct a scoping review to map the scientific evidence on the existing relationship between the transmission and spread of COVID-19 with environmental, climatic and seasonality factors. Methodology: Review studies published in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Virtual Health Library Portal (VHL). 33 studies were included in the review, most from China, followed by Brazil and the United States of America. Results: The most studied factors were temperature, climate and humidity, wind, air quality, precipitation with the transmission of the SARS-Cov-2 virus in the year 2020. The attribution of the positive relationship or not, obtained in the studies regarding influence of climatic environmental factors and seasonality on the transmission or dissemination of SARS-CoV2 are controversial both for the increase or reduction of cases, due to the divergence of results regarding the studied variables, design and location. Conclusion: This study did not find enough evidence to support the hypothesis that higher temperatures will reduce COVID-19 transmission. The significant and valid impact of air pollution and climate change on the transmission of COVID-19 must be considered, with strong implications for preventive strategies for new pandemics.

Relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and COVID-19 infection in the pediatric population: a scoping review.

To map the evidence in the literature about the relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and COVID-19 in the pediatric population. This is a scoping review following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. The search was carried out on the following bases: Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, CINAHL, Scielo, Web of Science and Virtual Health Library Portal, between July and August 2023. Original studies available in full, in any language, were included. Ten studies were chosen that pointed to three premises: (1) the ACE2 receptor is found in the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract; (2) gastrointestinal symptoms are mediated by stress and infection is justified by the gut-brain axis; (3) it develops the process of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children, affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The synthesis of evidence provided three assumptions which guide the origin of gastrointestinal symptoms. The identification of gastrointestinal symptoms in children affected by COVID-19 can assist in the clinical approach and management of care and treatments.

Application of tissue engineering techniques in tracheal repair: a bibliometric study

ABSTRACTTransplantation of tissue-engineered trachea is an effective treatment for long-segment tracheal injury. This technology avoids problems associated with a lack of donor resources and immune rejection, generating an artificial trachea with good biocompatibility. To our knowledge, a systematic summary of basic and clinical research on tissue-engineered trachea in the last 20 years has not been conducted. Here, we analyzed the development trends of tissue-engineered trachea research by bibliometric means and outlined the future perspectives in this field. The Web of Science portal was selected as the data source. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the Bibliometric Online Analysis Platform were used to analyze the number of publications, journals, countries, institutions, authors, and keywords from 475 screened studies. Between 2000 and 2023, the number of published studies on tissue-engineered trachea has been increasing. Biomaterials published the largest number of papers. The United States and China have made the largest contributions to this field. University College London published the highest number of studies, and the most productive researcher was an Italian scholar, Paolo Macchiarini. However, close collaborations between various researchers and institutions from different countries were generally lacking. Despite this, keyword analysis showed that manufacturing methods for tracheal stents, hydrogel materials, and 3D bioprinting technology are current popular research topics. Our bibliometric study will help scientists in this field gain an in-depth understanding of the current research progress and development trends to guide their future work, and researchers in related fields will benefit from the introduction to transplantation methods of tissue-engineered trachea.

Records on citizen science portals suggest occurrences of Campodorus paradiesensis Bendixen 2022 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Austria, Belgium, The Netherlands, Slovakia and Sweden

The currently known distribution of Campodorus paradiesensis is summarised, showing that the species is likely to be present in Northern, Western and most parts of Central Europe. However, because the data is mainly based on photographs on citizen science portals and social media only, most of these records need confirmation.

Online interoperable resources for building hippocampal neuron models via the Hippocampus Hub.

To build biophysically detailed models of brain cells, circuits, and regions, a data-driven approach is increasingly being adopted. This helps to obtain a simulated activity that reproduces the experimentally recorded neural dynamics as faithfully as possible, and to turn the model into a useful framework for making predictions based on the principles governing the nature of neural cells. In such a context, the access to existing neural models and data outstandingly facilitates the work of computational neuroscientists and fosters its novelty, as the scientific community grows wider and neural models progressively increase in type, size, and number. Nonetheless, even when accessibility is guaranteed, data and models are rarely reused since it is difficult to retrieve, extract and/or understand relevant information and scientists are often required to download and modify individual files, perform neural data analysis, optimize model parameters, and run simulations, on their own and with their own resources. While focusing on the construction of biophysically and morphologically accurate models of hippocampal cells, we have created an online resource, the Build section of the Hippocampus Hub -a scientific portal for research on the hippocampus- that gathers data and models from different online open repositories and allows their collection as the first step of a single cell model building workflow. Interoperability of tools and data is the key feature of the work we are presenting. Through a simple click-and-collect procedure, like filling the shopping cart of an online store, researchers can intuitively select the files of interest (i.e., electrophysiological recordings, neural morphology, and model components), and get started with the construction of a data-driven hippocampal neuron model. Such a workflow importantly includes a model optimization process, which leverages high performance computing resources transparently granted to the users, and a framework for running simulations of the optimized model, both available through the EBRAINS Hodgkin-Huxley Neuron Builder online tool.

Investigation of 252Cf sources with a Ge gamma-ray detector.

This study investigated the feasibility of combining high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy with the simulation capabilities of the Nucleonica Nuclear Science Portal with the aim to determine the properties of Cf sources. In this contribution, we present the results for a 20-month-old and a 49-year-old Cf source. In particular, the question arises whether the neutron emission rate can be determined using gamma-ray spectroscopy.

Epidemiology of Injuries in Men's Professional and Amateur Football (Part I).

Background (1): Football is the most popular sport among men, associated with a certain risk of injury, which leads to short- and long-term health consequences. While the injury profile of professional footballers is known, little is known about the injury profile of amateur footballers; amateur football is a major and diverse area, the development of which should be a priority for football associations around the world and UEFA. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of epidemiological literature data on injuries in professional and amateur football players belonging to certain leagues. Methods (2): A systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines was performed until June 2023 in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Google Academic, Google Scholar, and Diva portal. Forty-six studies reporting injury incidence in professional and amateur men's football were selected and analyzed. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality using an adapted version of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) to assess risk of bias for the quality of external validity. Results (3): The overall incidence of injuries in professional male football players was 7.75 ± 2.28, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h of exposure and that of amateur football players was 7.98 ± 2.95, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h of exposure. The incidence of match injuries (30.64 ± 10.28, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 exposure hours) was 7.71 times higher than the training injury incidence rate (3.97 ± 1.35, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h) in professional football players and 5.45 times higher in amateurs (17.56 ± 6.15 vs. 3.22 ± 1.4, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h). Aggregate lower extremity injuries had the highest prevalence in both categories of footballers, being 83.32 ± 4.85% in professional footballers and 80.4 ± 7.04% in amateur footballers: thigh, ankle, and knee injuries predominated. Conclusions (4): Professional and amateur football players are at substantial risk of injury, especially during matches that require the highest level of performance. Injury rates have implications for players, coaches, and sports medicine practitioners. Therefore, information on football injuries can help develop personalized injury risk mitigation strategies that could make football safer for both categories of football players. The current findings have implications for the management, monitoring, and design of training, competition, injury prevention, especially severe injury, and education programs for amateur football players.

Distribution and Kinematics of H i through Raman He ii Spectroscopy of NGC 6302

The young planetary nebula NGC 6302 is known to exhibit Raman-scattered He ii features at 6545 Å and 4851 Å. These features are formed through inelastic scattering of He ii λλ 1025 and 972 with hydrogen atoms in the ground state, for which the cross sections are 1.2 × 10−21 cm2 and 1.4 × 10−22 cm2, respectively. We investigate the spectrum of NGC 6302 archived in the ESO Science Portal. Our Gaussian line-fitting analysis shows that the Raman-scattered He ii features are broader and more redshifted than the hypothetical model Raman features that would be formed in a cold static H i medium. We adopt a simple scattering geometry consisting of a compact He ii emission region surrounded by an H i medium to perform Monte Carlo simulations using the radiative transfer code STaRS. Our simulations show that the H i region is characterized by the H i column density N H I = 3 × 1021 cm−2, with the random speed component v ran = 10 km s−1 expanding with a speed from the He ii emission region. Based on our best-fit parameters, we estimate the H i mass of the neutral medium M H I ≃ 1.0 × 10−2 M ⊙, pointing out the usefulness of Raman He ii spectroscopy as a tool to trace H i components.

New 3D Visualization Technologies as a Part of Scientific Gateway and Portal

Our paper describes the use and also the great importance of new modern tools of 3D visualization technologies as one of the main components of the Science Gateway (SG), and portals. As new technologies of 3D visualization are improved and developed, so are new scientific portals and gateways, which are also created by using new 3D technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), etc. Our paper aims to point out and explain with several examples where we supported the use of new modern technologies of 3D visualization as part of the science gateway in the portal. Our research focuses on the creation of visualization tools in the fields of natural disasters, astronomy and astrophysics, education, water management, and many other sectors.

Авторський профіль науково-педагогічного працівника як його візитівка в інтернет

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the problem of creation and up-to-date support of author profiles on the Internet by scientific-pedagogical workers of higher education institutions. It has been emphasized that the Internet is a powerful resource and a unique way of scientific communication of scientific-pedagogical workers since the Internet space is developing as a special field of virtual science today. The works of scientists, which consider the problem of creating author profiles for the development of information and research competence of scientific and scientific-pedagogical workers have been analysed. Peculiarities of creating author profiles in some databases and assigning authors’ unique author’s identifier (ID) have been studied. Websites and scientific portals where scientific-pedagogical workers can post information about themselves and their scientific achievements has been considered: Google Scholar service «Bibliographic References», Publons, ORCID, ResearchGate and others. It has been stated that the creation and management of scientific-pedagogical workers’ author profiles on the Internet allows monitoring the scientometric indicators of their activity: the citation index, the average citation rate, and the Hirsch index (h-index). It has been concluded that the creation and maintenance of author profiles on the Internet is the duty of every scientific-pedagogical worker.

ARCTIC RESEARCH IN CHINA: ANALYSIS BASED ON SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

Arctic region is rapidly transforming into a global theatre with a growing number of non-Arctic stakeholders. One illustration of this transformation process is China's growing presence in the Arctic. This article analyses the scientific literature, including scientific journals, doctoral and master's theses, statistical yearbooks, e-books, patents and standards available in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) - Chinese-language scientific publications database, the Russian scientific portal's equivalent, elibrary. Priority topics in Chinese Arctic research were identified -meteorology, oceanography, education, China's international relations, biology. It is obvious that most Chinese scientists are interested in issues linked with the Northern Sea Route development in various aspects - transport infrastructure, international transit regime, oceanography. China's position is defined: the Northern Sea Route is primarily an international shipping route, and not Russian asset. For the last 5 years, several new conceptual documents have appeared that provide a clearer picture of China's Arctic policy (China White Paper 2018). In 2023, a joint Russian-Chinese working body for the development of the Northern Sea Route is planned to be established. The list of the most cited Chinese authors and the most famous Chinese scientific papers is presented in the article in order to recognize and highlight Chinese scientific research on the Arctic in Chinese. The goal of the article is to demonstrate Chinese scientific research access to the Russian audience, as well as to evaluate both volumes and topics of scientific work created in Chinese and related to the Arctic.

Archives Repositioning: Unveiled the Fact, Archives is Information

This work starts with a very simple question, where do archives position in DIKW pyramid? To know the answer, researcher using an SLR method, with kitchenhamm approach. Other thing, researcher reffer to Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom hierarchy or known as piramid of knowledge, the purpose of doing so is to avoid terminology bias. 
 From that method, researcher found 16 literatures as reference for extraction and sintetycally analized. Boolean string use also being done for simplifying literature filtering from 5 availiable digital database, which is science direct, ACM, Digutal Library, Jstor, Springer and Portal Garuda. The result of this research is only 1 from 16 literatures which consider archives as data, while 15 other literatues consider archives as information in formation knowledge pyramid and decisions making process.

Медико-социальные проблемы оптимизации питания детей и подростков в современных условиях

The article reviews publications devoted to the issue of optimization of nutrition of children and adolescents including school nutrition, various ways of formation of eating habits, succession of home and school nutrition, nutrition of children with alimentary-dependent diseases and children who go in for sports, quality of raw materials and products for school nutrition, and nutrition using new products. The information was searched for with eLIBRARY.RU, PUBMED, Web of Science and Scopus information portals and platforms from 2007 to 2021. Publications related to the issue were assessed while studying at school and during distance learning. Modern issues of nutrition of schoolchildren such as disturbances of alimentary behavior and underdeveloped skills of nutritional culture, dietary habits of schoolchildren with alimentary-dependent diseases and approaches to nutrition optimization at educational institutions are highlighted. The ways of prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases are estimated by way of inclusion of functional products into the diet of schoolchildren. Principal methodical and regulatory documents that can help reduce risks of alimentary-dependent diseases are mentioned. Pressing trends of researches regarding the reviewed topic were suggested to preserve health of schoolchildren as far as healthy nutrition goes.