Scientific Labours Research Articles

N.M. Aleksandrov, maxillofacial surgeon, professor, major-general of medical service (to the 100th anniversary of his birth)

The aim of the investigation is to reveal scientific, clinical, pedagogical and social activity of the eminent maxillofacial surgeon Doctor of medical sciences, professor, major-general of the medical service N.M. Alexandrov and his merits in the sphere of the military dentistry.
 Material and methods. On the basis of analysis of the national literature, as well as life and professional activity and scientific labors of general, major-general of medical service N.M. Alexandrov to present his role in military dentistry development and maxillofacial surgery in Russia.
 Results. The analysis of the information about N. M. Alexandrov showed that he was one of pioneers in developing and implementing in the USSR the endotracheal anesthesia in surgical interventions on the organs and tissues of face and neck, the author of some methods of reconstructive surgeries: upper jaw resection with primary plasty; otoplasty with using the Philatov stalk and local tissue; lower lip plasty using two symmetrical upper lip flaps and others. Methods of treatment of purulent diseases of maxillofacial region and neck with the use of hyperbaric oxygenation, laser therapy and low-frequency ultrasound, laser therapy of temporomandibular joint diseases, as well as cryosurgery of new growths of face and mouth organs, a number of methods of microsurgery and electric anesthesia in dentistry, hemostatic drug "Kaprofer" were developed under his scientific guidance and introduced into the clinical practice.
 Conclusions. N.M. Alexandrov was an excellent clinician, a brilliant teacher and surgeon, a prominent scientist and organizer of military health care; his colleagues and pupils remember him today and honour his merits in the field of maxillofacial surgery and military health care.

The Patriarch of maxillofacial traumatology (on the 100th anniversary of Professor V.A. Malyshev, Colonel of Medical Service)

The prominent place in the cohort of famous Russian dentists of XX century belongs to the participant of Great Patriotic War 19411945, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, colonel of medical service Vasily Alekseevich Malyshev (19222006), whose 100-year anniversary is celebrated by Russian stomatological community in 2022.
 AIM: To present scientific, clinical, pedagogical and social activity of prominent maxillofacial surgeon Doctor of Medicine, Professor, colonel of medical service V.A. Malyshev, as well as his merits before the Motherland.
 To present the role of V.A. Malyshev in formation and development of the military stomatology, maxillofacial surgery and traumatology in Russia on the basis of analysis of the national literature, life and professional activity as well as scientific labors of the doctor of medical sciences, professor, colonel of the medical service.
 Scientific works of V.A. Malyshev are mainly devoted to the research of issues of clinic, diagnostics, treatment of fractures of the lower jaw and prevention of traumatism. Having become the master of maxillofacial traumatology, he has significantly improved the diagnostics of maxillofacial injuries and introduced in everyday clinical practice a great number of original methods and effective ways of treatment of the indicated pathology. His scientific and practical developments and suggestions regarding the treatment of patients with maxillofacial region injuries have been widely spread in our country, implemented in practice of many medical preventive institutions and included in many textbooks, manuals and teaching aids used in Russian higher educational institutions. His method of treatment of chronic fractures of mandibular articular process by means of its replantation with following osteosynthesis, which was developed in our country and abroad, gained recognition not only in our country but also abroad.
 V.A. Malyshev was one of the oldest military dentists of Russia, a brilliant teacher, an excellent scientist and clinician. His name was well known to the stomatological community of the USSR, and since 1991 in Russia and the former Soviet Union. His work for 50 years was connected with the department of maxillofacial surgery and dentistry of Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov. In 19751988 V.A. Malyshev as an off-duty chief dentist did a lot to improve the organization and provision of dental care to the servicemen and sailors.

Military physician D.E. Tanfiliev: life and contribution to the development of military dentistry

On the memory pages among the Russian dentists and maxillofacial surgeons, it is impossible not to remember the prominent scientist and clinician, the candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, colonel of the medical service David Evseevich Tanfiliev.
 Research is to illuminate the scientific, clinical, pedagogical and social activity of the prominent military dentist and maxillofacial surgeon of the candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, colonel of the medical service David Tanfiliev.
 On the basis of the analysis of the domestic literature, and also life, professional activity and scientific labors of the candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, colonel of the medical service D.E. Tanfilyev to present his role in the development of the domestic stomatology and military medicine in Russia.
 The information about the life of the military dentist D.E. Tanfiliev, the candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, colonel of the medical service is represented. His activity during the Soviet-Finnish (winter) and the Great Patriotic War is marked. The main directions of his scientific activity in the issues of the development and improvement of the techniques of tooth extraction, treatment of difficult wisdom teeth eruption, odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, gunshot fractures and osteomyelitis of the upper jaw are examined. It is shown, that D.E. Tanfiliev has specified the function of the maxillary sinuses and physiological significance of its walls, described an age and functional rearrangement of the maxillary sinus bone tissue under the maxillary sinus floor and its significance for direct prosthesis. Received by D.E. Tanfiliev the information about age anatomy of maxillary sinuses is important for the practicing dentist, not only for facilitating diagnostics and therapy of this or that pathology, but also for knowing the genesis of old age and struggle for prolongation of active longevity. It is no coincidence that today special importance is given to dental rehabilitation of patients with severe atrophy of the alveolar processes and jaw parts using dentures on artificial supports He has improved the therapy of maxillary sinusitis in connection with the age-related features of the maxillary sinus structure and the types of bone structure of the upper jaw. He paid special attention to the clinical picture and treatment of concomitant gunshot injuries of the upper jaw.
 It is underlined that D.E. Tanfiliev was one of the pioneers of the national military stomatology.

Advantages of using direct marketing in the sales activities of the enterprise

Purpose: The aim of the article is a study of the development of the concept of "direct marketing", research of the methodological and informative providing of realization of direct sale in activity of sale enterprises. To achieve the goal, the following tasks are set: systematization, comparison and analysis of theoretical approaches of the Ukrainian and foreign scientists, is to essence of concept "direct marketing"; researches of basic instruments of realization of direct sale by the performers of entrepreneurial activities; determinations of advantages and lacks of the use of the direct marketing are in activity of enterprises; grounds of the use of the direct - marketing are in activity of sale enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: To the article were used methods of comparison, grouping and generalization – for research and analysis of opinion of scientists in relation to development of the direct marketing, method of systems analysis – for systematization of modern forms of the direct marketing and ground of them role in the sale activity of enterprises, and also formulating of conclusions. Findings: The analysis of scientific labours and researches in relation to the use of the direct marketing in activity of the Ukrainian enterprises showed that the direct marketing was the special form, process, method of effective realization of sale of products, in the modern business conditions. 23 Practical implications: Researched in the article modern forms of the direct marketing show 24 that today, their use in the sale activities of enterprises not only facilitates the sale of goods and 25 services at the market, but also allow to form effective, direct of long duration relations with 26 consumers, to choose effective marketing strategy and program of actions, which influences on 27 informing of market environment, growth of having a special purpose audience, increase of 28 volumes, sale and expansion of limits of realization of business. 29 Originality/value: The article contains the validity of the practical use of modern forms of 30 direct marketing in the activities of Ukrainian enterprises: Premium Food (Mr. Grill), LTS 31 “Solomia”, “Rodinna kovbaska”, “Henkel Bautekhnik Ukraine”, TM “Curtis” and others

FEATURES OF LEGAL ADJUSTING OF INFORMATIVE SAFETY IN CIVIL AVIATION OF UKRAINE

Purpose: functioning of the system of civil aviation in Ukraine it is directly CPLD on the modern stage, above all things, with providing of belonging and timeliness of informative streams, introduction of new information technologies, globalization and integration of the aviation informative systems, in obedience to international standards. Thus informative safety comes forward the dominant constituent of processes of the informative providing of functioning of the system of civil aviation. Whereas, problematika of aviation safety has wide enough displays, conditioned on the whole, in a that number, by the wide spectrum of information, that called to provide informatively are of communication processes in a civil aviation, their distribution on the new spheres of public relations in the conditions of globalization of informative development, the necessity of decision of questions of the legal adjusting of this problematiki appears accordingly. The purpose of the article is an attempt of realization of structural theoretical analysis of research of features of the legal adjusting and determination concept – category vehicle of informative safety, possible threats and dangers, mechanisms of providing of informative safety, in the civil aviation of Ukraine on the modern stage of its development. Methods: research is conducted with the use of method of analysis of normative-legal acts and scientific labours, method of generalization of got. Discussion: grounded, that informative safety is inalienable making safety of avyacii, directly depends on development and use of modern information technologies, optimization of informative relations and processes, introductions of high-efficiency informatively – technological and administrative decisions in this sphere, that is conditioned the necessity of the proper normatively – its legal adjusting. Results: research is conducted and the features of the system of the legal adjusting of infrmacionnoy safety are analysed in the civil aviation of Ukraine, rozkryty problem questions of providing of informative safety in avyacionnoy industries which are conditioned the origin of different information threats and dangers. A conclusion is done about a necessity normatively are the prvovogo fixings of determination of concept «To informative safety» and its maintenance in the special (sectorial) normative act.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ТРИРІВНЕВОЇ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ МЕРЧАНДАЙЗИНГУ ДЛЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ КУПІВЕЛЬНОЇ ЛОЯЛЬНОСТІ

Problem of necessity of increase of purchasing loyalty is sufficiently clear traced in many scientific labors of the known scientists, however much unity in going near determination of essence and forming of the outlined concepts absents and needs clarification. Today, in the conditions of hard competitive activity, for successful activity of enterprise at the Ukrainian market of long duration partner relationships are needed with an user by the programs of loyalty. To form the protracted purchasing loyalty – relationships with an user, which will be based on emotions and trust, are needed. To influence on the conduct of users, form their favour to the shop, to increase the amounts of loyal and new buyers; to retain already existent clients – to stimulate the repeated purchases in combination with the construction of the emotional liking for a trade mark it is needed by merchandayzingu. The article analyzes the existing approaches to the definition of «consumer loyalty». The necessity of application of the three-level concept of merchandising, its tools and rules in the process of formation of consumer loyalty has been determined and substantiated. The key factors of the success of the market activity of the enterprise and the principles of building long-term relations with clients are investigated. The main tools of formation of consumer loyalty are outlined and their scope of application is outlined. The three-level concept of merchandising, which involves the use of visual elements for the creation of a suitable favorable atmosphere on the basis of psychophysiological behavioral laws, is proposed in order to form a long-term customer loyalty and construct an emotional attachment to the brand. The conceptual-categorical apparatus on research issues was improved, in particular, the definition of the objectives of merchandising in retail trade by establishing a logical relationship between the basic concepts of «consumer behavior», «the process of consumer acceptance of a purchase decision», «merchandising», «consumer loyalty».

A. A. Dmitrievsky’s Works at the Russian-Byzantine Commission of the Russian Academy of Sciences and His Contacts with the Commission for Byzantine Studies of the All-Ukraine Academy of Sciences

The article reconstructs contacts of the outstanding byzantologist, liturgist and historian A. A. Dmitrievsky with different byzantological organizations in Russia and Ukraine. Being a teacher in the Theological and Pastoral College and Higher Theological Courses of Leningrad, in 1923–1928 A. A. Dmitrievsky worked also in the Russian-Byzantine Historical and Lexical Commission of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where he participated in reissuing of the Medieval Greek vocabulary of Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange. While working, A. A. Dmitrievsky undertook a number of large-scale researches, part of which was kept in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library; and fate of another stayed unknown for a long time. However, some works of A. A. Dmitrievsky have been found among the papers of P. P. Kudryavtsev in the library archive of the Kiev Theological Academy. The scientist planned to publish these works in Ukrainian in the Byzantical compendium that was preparing to be released by the Byzantological Commission of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences at the end of 1920’s; they were a study on the plate of great countess Olga, presented to the sacristy of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, and research work on the Greek brotherhood of Nezhinsk and its archive. Another research of A. A. Dmitrievsky devoted to a Slavonic manuscript from the Astrakhan State University was also preserved in the papers of P. P. Kudryavtsev. The author gives particular attention to A. A. Dmitrievsky’s research on the plate of great countess Olga. The article concludes that the last decade of A. A. Dmitrievsky’s scientific labours was intensive despite the unfavorable conditions of life; the scientist created a number of historical and liturgical works and Byzantological researches that have not yet been introduced into scientific circulation and deserve to be studied.

State of scientific development of the problems of state anti-corruption policy in Ukraine

The article is devoted to the state of scientific development of problems of state policy of Ukraine. Analyzed are scientific studies of this subject, questions that have been studied by science. Relying on the scientific achievements of the predecessors, they highlight those aspects that have remained outside the scope of research and require solution.Sacred to the questions of the state of scientific development of problems of public policy of Ukraine. Scientific researches of noted problematiki are analysed, questions which was studied science are outlined. Those aspects which remained out of limits of researches and need decision light up leaning on scientific achievements of predecessors. Determination of the state of scientific development of legal problems of public anticorruption policy is foreseen by the review of literature on an anticorruption subject; systematization of Ukrainian and foreign monographic and other labours in relation to the problems of policy of the state in industry of counteraction a corruption; determination of questions which remained out of eyeshot research workers; formulation of problems tasks of this research. It follows to specify that systematization of scientific researches in a that or other volume is one of methods, which scientists use for the decision of the state of development of problem in industry of counteraction a corruption, establishment of own position and methodology of illumination of theoretical and applied aspects of overcoming of this negative phenomenon. Рroper scientific providing. what foresees organization of scientific researches from the problems of prevention of corruption, bringing them over, to the certain system, development of new suggestions, scientific methods and recommendations, on these questions, their rational introduction in practice, prognostication and scientific analysis of efficiency of application of forms and facilities of fight, with a corruption, and also moral and financial encouragement of authors of these researches, is the necessary condition of increase of efficiency of this activity There are positions of administrativno-pravovoy doctrine of counteraction a corruption in works of these and other research workers. In particular by them certainly role of administrative law in the context of reformation of public power on the modern stage of development of Ukrainian society, providing of rights and freedoms of citizens; influence of corruption is set on public relations in the field of public service; the question of application of measures of administrative compulsion is reflected in discovered and stopping of administrative corruption offences; Conducted study of separate scientific labours from anticorruption problematiki allowed to find out tendencies in directions of scientific search, to set the state of the scientific providing of counteraction a corruption. It is set research, that in domestic dissertations scientific research absents it is devoted the questions of public anticorruption policy. In studied by us afore-mentioned and other scientific labours a public anticorruption policy is examined very narrowly and fragmentary within the limits of other researches, in the context of constituent of public legal policy, as an important factor of reforms and mean of overcoming of corruption and others like that.

Solving the problem of power resources USE: І. H. Aleksandrov’s engineer genius (30-ies of the 20th century)

In the article the contribution of engineer and academician І.H. Aleksandrov (1875-1936) to the solution of the power providing problems in Eastern Siberia has been highlighted. Ivan HavrylovychAleksandrov considered the problem of the Angara and the Yenisei basin not only as a scientist and an engineer but also as a statesman who took care of technical and economical country’s strengthening. The article describes the role of the river Angara in the national USSR’s economy forming as well. The Angara problem in І.H. Aleksandrov’s scientific labours turned into the problem of radical transformations in the whole Eastern Siberia. Working out the Angara problem solutions І.H. Aleksandrov paid much attention to developing the Eastern Siberia population’s culture due to its drastic changes after great power and industrial plants erecting. Being a scientist and an engineer, І.H. Aleksandrov, nevertheless, had been stressing the necessity of creating proper living conditions for people connected directly or indirectly with industrial advancing of the region.

AN ANTHOLOGY OF THE DISTINGUISHED ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUE. PART 31: PORTRAIT OF THE KHARKIV PHYSICIST ALEXANDER ILYICH AKHIEZER

Purpose. Description is in the short form of the basic distinguished scientific achievements, features of personality and way of life of the known Kharkov physicist-theorist A.I. Akhiezer. Methodology. Existent scientific approaches for treatment and systematization of physical knowledges. Methods of historical method at research of development in human society of basic sections of theoretical physics. Results. Short information is resulted about the basic creative and vital stages, and also fundamental scientific achievements of the indicated prominent physicist of the XX century. Some personal qualities of this Kharkov physicist-theorist, becoming a founder known in the world of physical school are described. Originality. First the Kharkov scientist-electro-physicist for the wide circle of readers imagined a short scientifically-historical essay the known physicist of contemporaneity, being based on his scientific labours and published materials about him. Practical value. Scientific popularization of creative activity of the known Kharkov physicist and his achievements in area of theoretical physics. Next reminder a wide reader on the example of creative life in science and got prominent scientific results of labour of one human personality known in the scientific world about incessant in modern society connection of times and generations.

AN ANTHOLOGY OF THE DISTINGUISHED ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUE. PART 30: PORTRAIT OF THE KHARKOV MATHEMATICIAN, MECHANICAL ENGINEER AND CYBERNETICIST VLADIMIR LOGVINOVICH RVACHEV

Purpose. Description of basic scientific achievements, features of personality and way of life of the known Kharkov mathematician, mechanical engineer and cyberneticist, academician of NAS of Ukraine Rvachev V.L .in the short form is presented. Methodology. Existent scientific approaches for treatment and systematization of mathematical knowledges, modern achievements in area of methods of direct solution of linear (nonlinear) boundary problems of mechanics and mathematical physics with the scope terms of different types for the physical bodies of difficult geometrical form. Methods of historical method at research of development in society of analytical geometry, applied mathematics, classical mechanics and mathematical physics. Results. Short information is resulted about the basic creative and vital stages, and also fundamental scientific achievements of the indicated scientist-mathematician the scientific legacy of which entered in the treasure-house of world mathematical science. Are some personal qualities of this prominent soviet Ukrainian mathematician of the 20-th century, forming scientific school on the mathematical method of R−functions and leaving about itself kind memory for thankful students and descendants. Originality. First taught in 1970-th at the known mathematician of contemporaneity of Rvachev V.L. to bases of the applied mathematics and theory of R−functions by a scientist-electrophysicist from the Kharkov polytechnic institute presented for the wide circle of readers a short scientifically-historical essay about this large scientist-teacher, being based on his scientific labours, published biobibliographic materials and flashbacks of his devoted students-followers about him. Practical value. Scientific popularization of the special physical and mathematical knowledges and distinguished scientific achievements of the known Kharkov scientist-mathematician Rvachev V.L. in area of the applied mathematics, classical mechanics of continuous media, mathematical physics and technical cybernetics.

Seeing Cellular Debris, Remembering a Soviet Method

A 1962 photomicrograph of a mosquito taken in what was then a Tanganyikan mountain laboratory offers a prompt to consider the social salience and affective power of scientific images. Drawing inspiration from anthropological work on photographic practices, this article excavates the diverse geopolitical and domestic contexts of the image's production, consumption and circulation, so as to grasp the relationship between scientific labors and lives. As much souvenir as “epistemic thing,” the photomicrograph provides new directions in thinking about the materiality of memory in tropical medicine.

Unchangeable Part of Speech in Modern Turkic Languages: Semantic and Function

The article concerns such a disputable problem as adverbs as an unchangeable part of speech in Turkic languages. The work presents a profound research of scientific labors of a number of eminent linguists, their viewpoints, methods and approaches to the subject of adverb transformation into an integral and constituent part of a word. The author supplies his study with numerous examples from the old Turkic, Yakut, Bashkir and Kazakh languages. The examples illustrate common and peculiar features of adverbs in different language phenomenon. In the course of comparative investigation the author draws a few considerable conclusions and principles.

AN ANTHOLOGY OF THE DISTINGUISHED ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUE. PART 27: PORTRAIT OF THE KHARKOV MATHEMATICIAN NAUM IL'ICH AKHIEZER

Purpose. Description in brief of basic scientific achievements, features of personality and way of life of the known Kharkov mathematician Akhiezer N.I. Methodology. Existent scientific approaches for treatment and systematization of mathematical knowledges. Methods of historical method at research of development in society of such sections of mathematics as a theory of functions, functional| analysis and integral equations. Results. Short information is presented about the basic creative and vital stages, and also fundamental scientific achievements indicated prominent mathematicians of the 20-th century. Some personal qualities of this remarkable Kharkov mathematician, leaving about itself kind memory for thankful descendants are described. Originality. First a scientist-electrophysicist for the wide circle of readers imagined a short scientifically-historical essay on the known mathematician of contemporaneity, being based on his scientific labours and published materials about him. Practical value. Scientific popularization of the known Kharkov mathematician and his achievements in the area of theory of functions and mathematical physics. Next philosophical reminder a wide reader on the example of life and prominent scientific results of labour of one known human personality about incessant in society connection of times and generations.

PHYSICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF TUZLA GROUP LIMANS ALONG THE NORTH-WESTERN PART OF THE BLACK SEA COAST

Along North-Western coast of the Black Sea between Danube and Dniester mouths rivers, limans of “tuzlowskaya group” began to research in second part of XVIII century. During middle part of XIX century first scientific labours about limans appeared, and it’s directions were hydro-chemical and biological.

REVIEW OF THE BOOK «MINERALOGICAL HERITAGE OF VLADIMIR VERNADSKIY». – Kiev : M. P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation NAS of Ukraine, 2012. – P. 832).

Analysis of akad. V. Vernadskiy scientific labours was made of geologists from Ukrainian Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation. Akad. V. Vernadskiy was gross scientist by general geology, mineralogy, geochemistry, radiology, biology, philosophy, specialist by science formation. He was author of 710 publications on many languages. He prepared theory of biosphere, he organized Ukraine Academy of Science and it’s President. The book review dedicated on 150 years from Birthday of acad. V. Vernadskiy.

The objects of internal audit management in corporations

The objects of the Internal Audit Management in corporations are offered and based in the article. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing scientific labors of many scientists, the types of providing (legal, organizational, informative, methodical, personnel and technical) are defined, the scheme of the internal audit subjects (services) and the internal audit process organization is developed, and a conceptual framework is presented.The results of this investigation phase make a basis of the subsequent justification and the solution of the internal audit subjects management questions and the internal audit process organization in corporations.

Bernini and the Birth of Baroque Portrait Sculpture ed. by Andrea Bacchi, Catherine Hess, Jennifer Montagu (review)

REVIEWS 267 terpretations of events in no way displaced the possibility of a supernatural interpretation of matters. Indeed in the case of Macrobius’s inhabitable lands, the failure of the world to obey accepted natural theories lent credibility to the belief of God’s divine intervention in the universe. Thus naturalized readings of the physical world could at times overlap with, or become displaced by, supernatural ones. Bartlett next considers two creatures believed to have existed in the Middle Ages, but whose reality would likely be questioned by modern men and women (108). The first is the Dog-head, a fanciful being composed of a man’s body and a dog’s head. The second is the Stringae, or nocturnal, blood-sucking women who lived unnoticed among human communities. Bartlett presents this chapter as a perplexing lesson of the compelling, but uneven role of natural reasoning among European communities. For as belief in the dog-heads gave way to skepticism when travelers, such as John de Marignollis, found no trace such beings in the East, belief in the stringae continued, likely laying the foundation for the great witch-hunts of the Early Modern Period. Few embodied these same ironies and tensions more that the career and thought of the famous thirteenth-century English Franciscan Friar Roger Bacon (111). Although a theologian, Bacon wrote widely on natural subjects. At times he seemed to view the world in strictly naturalistic terms. He was an early proponent of the view that all things in the universe emitted radiation, which largely determined the course of daily life. For example, he believed that human psychological behavior was to some extent bound up with the emission of these rays by stars and their effects upon the bodies of men and women (120). He also signaled the importance of scientific instruments and experimentation, which he believed could benefit the Christian commonwealth. However, Bacon requested financial backing for his scientific labors in order to equip Christians to fight the Antichrist, who Bacon portrayed as also employing the “potency of science” (129). Indeed some of Bacon beliefs, suggests Bartlett, strike the reader as magical. This collection of lectures does not present any easy answers or algorithms for discerning why medieval people at times employed a natural interpretive framework and at others a supernatural one for their lives. Bartlett is content to merely present these contradictory examples as a way of sketching out the complexly of the premodern world. One thing is certain though, simple assumptions that medieval Christians were necessarily threatened or anxious about the natural world will no longer do. The reality is something much more complicated and messy. The lack of a tidy conclusion as to why medieval people did what they did or thought what they thought is in no way a weakness in this book. Indeed, we might, in the spirit of Kuhn, say that discomfort over the open-endedness of the natural and supernatural in the Middle Ages itself signals a modern intellectual shift in the making. ANDREW FOGLEMAN, History, University of Southern California Bernini and the Birth of Baroque Portrait Sculpture, ed. Andrea Bacchi, Catherine Hess, and Jennifer Montagu (Los Angeles: Getty Publications 2008) 336 pages, 155 color and 114 b/w ill. The landmark exhibition Bernini and the Birth of Baroque Portrait Sculpture, REVIEWS 268 organized by and exhibited at the J. Paul Getty Museum of Art and the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa in 2008–2009, was not only the first significant exhibition of Gian Lorenzo Bernini's work in North America, but was also the first ever to display his sculptural portraits in a comprehensive manner. With painstaking attention to detail, and in no small part thanks to the significant number of works loaned for this exhibition—including over thirty sculptures in various media, as well as paintings and drawings—the exhibition revealed the indelible mark that the prolific sculptor made on Baroque portrait sculpture in seventeenth-century Rome, while providing an illuminating look at the development of his personal style in that genre. The catalogue of the same name, edited by Andrea Bacchi, Catherine Hess, and Jennifer Montagu, is an equally significant achievement in Bernini studies as the first...

The Correspondence of John Bartram, 1734-1777 (review)

132Quaker History reminders that Quakers have not always lived up to their high calling. Mollie Grubb provides a useful general introduction to the volume briefly summarizing and interpreting the patterns she has observed, as well as introductions to each excerpt. This composite portrait ofhow the Society has been viewed by the general public should be of interest to historians of religion and of social attitudes as well as to Friends. Eastern CollegeCaroline L. Cherry 77ie Correspondence ofJohn Bartram, 1 734-1 777. Ed. by Edmund Berkeley and Dorothy Smith Berkeley. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1992. xv + 809 pp. Illustrations, appendices, glossary of names, notes, bibliography, and index. $125.00. Beginning in the 1730s, John Bartram (1699-1777) achieved fame in international botany circles for his tireless labors in exploring wild, uncharted American territories, identifying countless new American species of flora and fauna, and supplying King George III and other notables with plants for their gardens. Long cherished for his scientific labors, Bartram is also important to the history of Quakers in America. While this birthright Friend was disowned in 1 758 for failing to follow the marriage discipline and to accept that Jesus was the son of God, Bartram faithfully attended Quaker worship meetings until his death. This new collection of correspondence does a great service for Bartram aficionados; the sole previously published compilation, William Darlington's Memorials ofJohn Bartram and Humphry Marshall (Philadelphia, 1849), used only the letters kept at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania and suffered serious flaws in its transcriptions. The Berkeleys have collected and transcribed an additional 300 letters not included in the earlier publication and presented more faithful renditions ofthe old letters, particularly as to punctuation and capitalization . This new material will be a boon to individuals concerned with the Society of Friends or the history of science and naturalism. In addition, this collection will better enable historians to recognize Bartram's import as a figure in whom the American trends ofsecular enlightenment and religious mysticism coalesced. For instance, Bartram revealed his basic accord with Quaker views in 1 743 when he commented on affairs in Connecticut by praising the law for encouraging people to live more peaceably than they might otherwise be inclined and criticizing religious pretension and ceremony for distracting people from focusing on "Love Resignation & humility to the Eternal Power" (p. 222). With regard to his achievements as a taxonomer and naturalist, Bartram's 1740 letter describing his travels through territories in New Jersey and Pennsylvania will be of particular note. His delight in finding the unique lilliputian trees of the Jersey pine barrens shows that Bartram was among the first to seize upon the uniqueness of the American natural environment (p. 141). Among the most remarkable letters are those illustrating the overlap between Bartram's interests in science and religion. These views appear in this 1762 letter to Peter Collinson, to whom Bartram confided that "my head runs all upon the works of God in nature [#] it is through that telescope I see god in his glory" (p. 579). Occasionally in these new letters, Bartram turns philosophic and comments on Book Reviews133 people rather than plants. For a briefmoment in 1 745, the botanist became a social critic lamenting the divisions between what he saw as the nation's three classes, the first focused upon "laying up large estates," the second concerned with "spending in Luxury all they can come at," and the third dedicated to "hard labour" so as to create a "modérât & happy maintainance ofthairfamily" (p. 252). Only this latter class received the approval of America's first Quaker botanist. Hiram CollegeNancy F. Rosenberg Peace as a Women 's Issue: A History ofthe U.S. Movementfor World Peace and Women's Rights. By Harriet Hyman Alonso. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1993. xix + 340 pp. Illustrations, notes, bibliography, and index. Paper, $17.95; cloth, $39.95. Until recently, historians afforded little attention to women's role in the American peace movement. The past fifteen years, however, have witnessed the emergence of a significant body of scholarship on the subject. Now, with the publication of Harriet Hyman Alonso's Peace as a Women 's Issue, the field has reached...

ANALYSIS OF INFORMATIVE SPACE OF SCIENTIFIC ESTABLISHMENTS AND EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS OF APS OF UKRAINE AND THEIR INTEGRATION INTO THE UNIFIED INFORMATIVE SCIENTIFIC SPACE THROUGH THE ELECTRONIC (DIGITAL) LIBRARY

The scientific most essential and priority psihology-pedagogical researches which are being carried out at the scientific establishments of APS of Ukraine are given in the article. Data of information providing of establishments of APS of Ukraine, list of scientific labours and composition of scientific establishments, with the amount of research workers are given. Possible approaches of integration of information space of scientific establishments and educational establishments of APS into the unified informative scientific space of Ukraine and world through the integration to the electronic (digital) libraries are examined.