Scientific Evaluation Method Research Articles

Digital Medication Adherence Support: Could Healthcare Providers Recommend Mobile Health Apps?

Adherence to prescribed medication is suboptimal in 50% of the chronic population, resulting in negative medical and economic outcomes. With the widespread use of mobile phones worldwide, medication adherence apps for mobile phones become promising medication adherence aids thanks to simplicity, user-friendliness, and accessibility for the public. Yet, until today, there is insufficient evidence in favor of using mobile health (mHealth) apps to increase medication adherence. This study aims to develop a methodology for scientific and end-user (patient) mHealth evaluation (a) to identify medication adherence apps search terms, (b) to evaluate identified apps based on scientific criteria, and (c) to report best smartphone apps evaluated by patients. Search terms were identified via literature review and expertise. Firstly, an online questionnaire was developed to identify frequently used search terms by recruited patients. Related medication adherence apps were identified and selected using predefined inclusion criteria. Secondly, identified apps were evaluated thanks to a scientific evaluation method and a created online questionnaire for patient feedback. Recruited patients were invited to test and evaluate the selected apps. Out of 1,833 free-of-charge and 307 paid apps identified, only four free-of-charge and three paid apps remained included in the study after eligibility criteria. None of the selected app reached a high score. Looking at the overall scores, Medisafe (59%), MyTherapy (56%), and Meds on time (44%) received the highest scores in the scientific app evaluation. In the patient evaluation, Dosecast (3.83 out of five points), Medisafe (3.62), and SwissMeds (3.50) received the highest scores. None of the apps in this research has undergone a process for certification, for example, CE marking, through a notified body. Security and data protection aspects of existing apps highly contribute to these low evaluation scores through little information on patient's data processing and storage. This might be corrected through the introduction of General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Economic Area (EEA) and more scrutiny through regulatory bodies in the EU/EEA and the USA. None of the applications should be recommended by healthcare providers. In addition, clinical studies with chronic patients are necessary to measure long-term app impacts.

Flexibility Transformation Decision-Making Evaluation of Coal-Fired Thermal Power Units Deep Peak Shaving in China

According to China’s economic green ecological sustainability development requirement, the energy reform of China is mainly increasing the proportion of renewable energy, and reducing the proportion of fossil energy. It will continue to force China’s thermal power units, especially coal-fired thermal power units, to carry out the flexibility transformation and upgrading of deep peak shaving ability. Due to the different characteristics of coal-fired thermal power units, it is necessary to make flexible transformation decisions by a scientific and reasonable decision-making evaluation method, so as to provide references for the one machine-one policy flexibility transformation of thermal power units. In this paper, a decision-making evaluation index system for the flexibility transformation of coal-fired thermal power units under the demand of deep peak shaving is established. The index system considers the impact of deep peak shaving on the boilers, steam turbines, and auxiliary equipment of coal-fired thermal power units, as well as the effects of the peak shaving. A hybrid evaluation method combined set-valued iteration and GRA-TOPSIS is employed to obtain the weight of the indexes. Finally, an empirical research was conducted based on the index system and the hybrid evaluation method and targeted “one machine, one policy” recommendations were put forward for the flexibility transformation of the coal-fired thermal power units.

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Modification Potential of Abandoned Coal Mine Into Pumped Storage Power Station

Abstract By modifying underground spaces of abandoned coal mines into underground pumped storage power stations, it can realize the efficient and reasonable utilization of underground space and, at the same time, meet the increasing demand for energy storage facilities of the grid, bringing social, economic, and environmental benefits. Previous research in this area has been limited to the stage of conceptual discussion, and there is no scientific evaluation method for the modification and utilization potential of abandoned coal mine spaces. Establishing a scientific evaluation indicator system forms the basis for evaluating the underground space development and utilization capacity of abandoned mines. Based on the principle of pumped energy storage and the characteristics of coal mine roadway conditions, this paper utilized an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the main influencing factors, including elevation difference between the upper and lower reservoirs, reservoir capacity, roadway surrounding rock stability, and roadway permeability. It analyzed the modification potential of underground spaces and then verified the development potential of the underground spaces of abandoned mines by a statistic model. The study found that the elevation difference between the upper and lower reservoirs is the most influential indicator; second, the capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs is also an important evaluation indicator. The research methods and conclusions will provide useful tools and decision-making basis for analyzing the feasibility and techno-economic benefit of modifying the underground spaces of abandoned coal mines into pumped storage power stations.

The techno-economic evaluation of school integrated energy system based on G1-anti-entropy weight-TOPSIS method

Scientific and reasonable evaluation system and method of technical economy are helpful to improve the technical economy of integrated energy system (IES). This paper analyzes the energy flow of the school integrated energy system (SIES), and constructs the techno-economic evaluation index system of the SIES from three aspects: technology, economy and environment. The evaluation index includes qualitative analysis index and quantitative analysis index. The techno-economic evaluation model of the SIES based on the G1-anti-entropy weight-TOPSIS method is constructed. The evaluation model reflects the subjectivity and objectivity of evaluation. It also overcomes the problem that the AHP method needs consistency test and high sensitivity of entropy weight method leads to the failure of index. Finally, a case study is conducted on a school in northeast China. The results of the analysis verify the feasibility of the evaluation index system and evaluation method. The evaluation system and evaluation method proposed in this paper can provide reference for the selection of SIES construction and operation plan.

Analysis on quality value transfer of substance benchmarks of Zhenwu Decoction

By preparing 15 batches of Zhenwu Decoction substance benchmarks,the characteristic map,index component content and paste-forming rate were determined to define the peak attribution,similarity range,paste-forming rate range,paeoniflorin and6-gingerol content range and transfer rate range. The similarity between the substance benchmark characteristic map and the control map R generated from the 15 batches of substance benchmarks was higher than 0. 970. There were 19 characteristic peaks in total. By further summarization of the characteristic peaks,it could be seen that tuckahoe had 3 characteristic peaks,white peony root had 10 characteristic peaks,atractylodes had 3 characteristic peaks,ginger had 1 characteristic peak,and Aconite root had 3 characteristic peaks; among them,white peony root and aconite root had 1 common peak. The contents and transfer rates of the 15 batches were0. 50%-0. 93 and 16. 11%-26. 20%; those for 6-gingerol were 0. 018 2%-0. 033 9% and 13. 16%-24. 10%,respectively. The pasteforming rate ranged from 10. 00% to 14. 85%. In this study,the transfer process of substance benchmark value of classic formula Zhenwu Decoction was analyzed based on the characteristic map,the paste-forming rate and the content of the index components; a scientific and stable substance benchmark quality evaluation method was preliminarily established to provide a basis for subsequent development of classic formula Zhenwu Decoction and quality control of relevant preparations.

Analysis on quality value transfer of substance benchmarks of Qingwei San

By preparing 10 batches of substance benchmarks freeze-drying powder( lyophilized powder),the methodology of the characteristic spectrum and the content of index component for substance benchmarks of Qingwei San was established. The characteristic peaks and the similarity range of the characteristic spectrum,the contents and the transfer rate range of isoferulic acid,palmatine and paeonol,and the paste-forming rate range were determined to define key quality attributes of substance benchmarks of Qingwei San. In the10 batches of substance benchmarks of Qingwei San,the similarity of characteristic spectrum was higher than 0. 90. In further comparison of the characteristic peak information,a total of 16 characteristic peaks were identified,including 5 characteristic peaks from Cimicifugae Rhizoma,5 characteristic peaks from Coptidis Rhizoma,2 characteristic peaks from Angelicae Sinensis Radix and 4 characteristic peaks from Moutan Cortex. The content of isoferulic acid was 0. 10%-0. 18%,with the average transfer rate of 49. 82%±4. 02%. The content of palmatine was 0. 17%-0. 31%,with the average transfer rate of 15. 84% ±2. 39%. The content of paeonol was 0. 41%-0. 75%,with the average transfer rate of 23. 41%±3. 23%. The paste-forming rate of the 10 batches of substance benchmarks were controlled at 27%-33%,with the transfer rate between the theoretical paste-forming rate and the actual paste-forming rate was 86. 59%±3. 39%. In this study,the quality value transfer of substance benchmarks of Qingwei San was analyzed by the combination of characteristic spectrum,the content of index component and the paste-forming rate. A scientific and stable evaluation method was preliminarily established,so as to provide the basis for subsequent development and quality control of relevant preparations of Qingwei San.

Investigation on the accuracy of ground penetrating radar in the tunnel based on improved analectic hierarchy process

With the rapid development of tunnel engineering in China, geological conditions encountered in tunnel construction are becoming more and more complex. Construction safety has become the top priority of tunnel construction. To avoid geological hazards such as landslides, water inrush, and mud gushing caused by blind construction, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used in the medium distance ahead of a tunnel face. The advanced prediction of GPR is often interfered by factors such as environment, operation, data processing, image interpretation, and other factors, which cause final results to have errors. Therefore, it is highly necessary to track and test prediction effects, and also, to choose scientific and effective evaluation methods for accuracy of the prediction result. Based on the geological radar forecast data of the Yujiashan tunnel, this paper sums up the interference factors of the ground radar forecast and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different evaluation methods. On this basis, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) which has many applications in earth sciences, physics, nanotechnology and etc., is improved by integrating the principle of maximum membership of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Then, a four-level evaluation model is established, which judges the accuracy of GPR geological prediction. Meanwhile, two geological predictions in the Yujiashan tunnel are selected to be applied in the model. Finally, the recognition level of the accuracy evaluation model is more accurate. The comparison between the actual excavation exposure and the radar image interpretation results shows that the geological radar advance prediction results are more accurate. This verifies the rationality and applicability of using the improved AHP to evaluate the accuracy of geological radar advance prediction.

External Benefit Assessment of Urban Utility Tunnels Based on Sustainable Development

Urban utility tunnels (UUTs) can have great external benefits in terms of social and environmental aspects for the sustainable development of a city. However, the high initial construction cost has been the main obstacle to the promotion of UUT projects for a long time. Although several evaluation methods for the benefits of UUTs have been proposed, most of them focus on the cost assessment during the construction period and are limited in terms of their scientificity, the feasibility of the valuation methodology and the comprehensiveness of external categories. The external benefit assessment of UUTs during their service life remains lacking, leading to an incomplete insight into UUT projects. Therefore, a scientific evaluation method of the long-term external benefits of UUTs is still needed from the perspective of urban sustainable development. This paper proposes a composite market price method to carry out a simple but systematic evaluation of the positive externalities of UUTs in monetary terms. Detailed instructions on the operation of the method are also elucidated to further improve its practicability. The feasibility and validity of the method is then demonstrated through a case study of the UUT project in Xiong’an New Area, China. It is also concluded that UUTs can benefit all social subjects and that a classification of externalities based on different social subjects can foster better development and broader support for the implementation of UUTs.

АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ ОЦЕНКИ УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ НА УРОВНЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

The article is devoted to the enterprise management system, which consists of several sub-systems represented by marketing, human resources, finance, logistics, etc. The author considers the ana-lytical tools for assessing enterprise management, which consists of general scientific, computational, heuris-tic and combined evaluation methods. Several directions are proposed for evaluating the effectiveness of enterprise management, work on which should be carried out simultaneously.

Research on Construction and Evaluation Method of Comprehensive Evaluation Index System for Investment Benefit of Distribution Network

Under the new situation, the improvement of investment efficiency and efficiency will be the basic criteria for evaluating the quality of power supply enterprises’ investment activities in the distribution network. To this end, based on the characteristics of distribution network construction, combined with the internal and external development trends of power supply enterprises and development and promotion needs, this paper constructs a scientific comprehensive evaluation index system and evaluation method for the investment benefits of distribution networks, which is useful for scientifically grasping the investment needs and investment capabilities of power supply enterprises. It is of great significance to achieve a more precise and lean level of investment in the distribution network.

Reliability of Sensory Test for Japonica Type Rice Cultivars in China

It is of great theoretical and practical significance to construct a scientific taste sensory evaluation method to obtain accurate and reliable data, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the breeding and cultivation technology development of taste japonica rice varieties. In this study, sensory evaluation experiments were carried out based on statistical analysis. Through the analysis of variance of the evaluation results, the identification ability and hobbies of the evaluators were analyzed, and the correlation between them was discussed. The results show that there are significant differences between appraisers and varieties between the two repetitions of the comprehensive evaluation items investigated in this experiment, which verifies the repeatability of sensory evaluation and reveals the feasibility of taste sensory evaluation method. Among the 20 taste tasters participating in the taste evaluation experiment, 16 (80% of all) have low recognition ability for the taste comprehensive evaluation items, of which 6 (30% of all) have different hobbies from the overall tendency of all tasters, so they are considered not suitable to carry out taste evaluation as taste tasters. However, the results also show that the number of evaluators participating in this experiment who have both high recognition ability and high consistency with all hobbies is less. Therefore, in order to obtain more reliable results, it is very necessary to strengthen the training of appraisers and cultivate appraisers with high discrimination ability.

Evaluation of the Influencing Factors of Using Underground Space of Abandoned Coal Mines to Store Hydrogen Based on the Improved ANP Method

Storage is currently a major obstacle to the promotion of hydrogen energy. Hydrogen storage in abandoned coal mines can achieve the effective use of underground space while meeting the growing demand for energy storage facilities, which can bring economic and environmental benefits. However, research in this area has been limited to the conceptual discussion stage, without establishing a scientific evaluation method for the potential of modifying and utilizing abandoned coal mine space. In this study, based on the analytic network process (ANP), the Apriori algorithm is introduced to mine the association rules for various influencing factors. First, the Apriori algorithm is applied to mine association rules between indicators, eliminate unnecessary influence relationships, simplify the network structure model, and optimize the ANP weight calculation results; second, the solution method of judgment matrix is improved with triangular fuzzy numbers, and the index weight is solved by fuzzy nine marks instead of the method of nine scale, which is convenient for experts to give the fuzzy scale while better reflecting the opinions of experts. Finally, the ANP algorithm is applied to rank the weights of the obtained influencing factors, discuss the main factors with higher weights, and analyze the feasibility of converting candidate coal mines into hydrogen storage facilities using the derived evaluation method in the case study. The evaluation methods and conclusions presented in this study provide analytical tools and a decision basis for analyzing the feasibility of converting underground space of abandoned coal mines into hydrogen storage facilities and assessing the economic indicators.

EVALUATION OF USER EXPERIENCE IN AUGMENTED REALITY MOBILE APPLICATIONS

Globalization, technological development and a dynamic business environment influence the change of customer information demands. It becomes vital for organizations to find out the customer demand change and discover technological solutions to satisfy these demands. One of these technologies is augmented reality, which connects real and digital environments by expanding it with digitally coded information which is decoded by using a specific device. As this type of technology enables the changing information needs of customers to be met faster, organizations are increasingly using these technological solutions to achieve a variety of purposes: to position products innovatively, increase product awareness, create added value for the customer, increase sales. However, organizations often face the challenge of evaluating commercial augmented reality mobile applications in user experience. A two-case study has been selected to evaluate the user experience of augmented reality commercial mobile applications and provide recommendations for their development to address this issue. In this research, such methods as scoping scientific literature review, expert evaluation, and user experience questionnaire method were used. The study has identified the main factors influencing the positive user experience: the explicit purpose of the application, easy to use and learn, smooth operation, imaginative information presentation, and interactivity.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Power Grid Security and Benefit Based on BWM Entropy Weight TOPSIS Method

With the gradual integration of various forms of energy, the energy utilization rate has increased and it also brings great challenges to grid evaluation. Therefore, the use of scientific and reasonable comprehensive evaluation method can provide effective help for the development of power grid. In order to solve the problem that the traditional single evaluation method is used in the comprehensive evaluation of power grid, resulting in too strong subjective awareness and lack of evaluation of the objective original data itself and uneven weight distribution, this paper proposes that Nash equilibrium solution is introduced into BWM entropy weight as the goal of coordination and optimization. In the method, the comprehensive weight is calculated, and the distance between the selected scheme and the ideal scheme is sorted by TOPSIS. This method combines all the information of objective data to balance the subjective and objective weight. Through this method, 16 indicators of safety and benefit in 25 provinces in 2017 of State Grid Economic Research Institute are analyzed, and the feasibility of this method is verified.

Coal Industrial Supply Chain Network and Associated Evaluation Models

To improve integration and achieve better coal industry materials and energy balance, integrated collaborative supply chains (SCs) are needed. However, as single-core SC models are not suitable for complex coal industry systems, a multicore, correlated, conditional SC model, called a supply chain network (SCN), is proposed. SCN collaborative evaluation models are discussed including industrial metabolic balance (IMB), enterprise profitability, contract execution ability and information interaction ability, for which IMB is used as the efficiency index of resource coordination of SCN, also as the constraints of the models on system levels. Further, data modeling by using BP-ANN algorithm is used to predict the profitability of supply chain network. Finally, the feasibility of the above models is illustrated by cases. The proposed evaluation models in this paper form the scientific and quantitative evaluation method of SC, which could be used for both SC planning and operations management helping detect and eliminate risks.

Spatial Layout Planning of High Density Urban Green Space along the Coast and Its Empirical Analysis

Xing, W.W., 2020. Spatial layout planning of high density urban green space along the coast and its empirical analysis. In: Guido Aldana, P.A. and Kantamaneni, K. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Coastal Management, and Marine Science Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 104, pp. 925–929. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The development of social progress and the increase of population density are synchronous, so the development of the city also presents the diversification situation. Urban infrastructure projects tend to be saturated gradually, leaving less space for the construction of urban green space, which can bring great pressures to the planning of high-density cities. In view of the above problems and the limitations of the evaluation system of urban high-density planning, the research of spatial layout planning method was carried out in this paper. According to the function and characteristics of high density cities, the planning strategy of urban suitability based on urban green space was put forward; the scientific nature of the planning method was proved by the scientific analysis and evaluation methods; a city A with the high urban density was chosen as the object of empirical analysis; in view of the practical problems of high density cities, from the aspects of construction, the analysis was carried out. The research results have opened up new methods and new ideas for the urban construction planning in China.

Evaluation on the Warning-Degree of the Ecological Carrying Capacity of Guangzhou City Based on the DPSIR Model

Evaluation on the ecological carrying capacity is related to the sustainable development of cities. The evaluation requires a scientific, reasonable and intuitive evaluation method system. In order to evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of Guangzhou city, based on the “Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR)” model, this paper constructs a warning-degree evaluation index system for city, evaluates the ecological carrying capacity, judges the warning-degree of Guangzhou City from 2009 to 2018 by the method of entropy weight, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the city carrying capacity. The calculation result shows that the comprehensive index scores of the warning-degree evaluation of ecological carrying capacity of Guangzhou city are rising, the warning degree decrease from high to medium and low during the research period. Comparing each evaluation subsystem, there is a slight drop in the driving subsystem index scores, while pressure, impact and response index scores increase significantly. And the contribution proportion of each subsystem to the comprehensive index score is different. The pressure subsystem makes the biggest contribution. Therefore, Guangzhou should continue to encourage technological innovation, promote the use of clean production, implement energy conservation and emission reduction, and develop a green economy. The government should strengthen ecological and environmental protection legislation, and improve the economic policy system for ecological and environmental protection. The public should raise the environmental protection, ecological and participation awareness.

Accuracy Evaluation of Advanced Geological Prediction Based on Improved AHP and GPR

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used in advanced geological prediction. It is necessary to choose a scientific and effective evaluation method to give a reasonable evaluation of the accuracy of prediction. In this paper, a method based on improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and GPR is proposed to evaluate the accuracy of advanced geological prediction. Based on the analysis and induction of the factors that affect the accuracy of GPR prediction, an improved AHP is proposed, in which a new measure of “numerical weight” is added and the principle of maximum membership degree is integrated, and an improved AHP model is established for GPR prediction accuracy classification and evaluation. The engineering application of Xiaobeishan Tunnel of Jie-Hui Highway is taken as a case study, and it is proved that the evaluation indices are easy to obtain and the evaluation results are accurate and reliable. The improved AHP-GPR method can be further used for other tunnel engineering.

Research and application of viscosity optimization to reduce pressure drop of single well

Due to the long service life and corrosion problems of the pipeline in the fourth oil production plant of Huabei Oilfield, the increase of back pressure will increase the probability of pipeline perforation and lead to potential safety accidents. In view of this problem, based on the analysis of the composition and rheological law of crude oil, according to the scientific and reasonable experimental evaluation method, a new type of viscosity reducer system was developed by using the unique performance of surfactant. The viscosity reducer concentration of this system was 2%, compared with the blank crude oil, the average decrease of the freezing point of the crude oil was 5°C, The viscosity reduction rate is more than 60%, yield value reduction rate is more than 75%, and the low temperature fluidity of crude oil is improved. The expected target has been achieved through the dosing operation of two oil wells on site.

Group Decision-Making Method Based on Expert Classification Consensus Information Integration

Existing decision-making methods are mostly a simple aggregation of expert decision information when solving large group decision-making problems. In these methods, priority should be given to expert weight information; however, it is difficult to avoid the loss of expert decision information in the decision-making process. Therefore, a new idea to solve the problem of large group decision-making by combining the expert group clustering algorithm and the group consensus model is proposed in this paper in order to avoid the disadvantages of subjectively assigning expert weights. First, expert groups are classified by the clustering algorithm of breadth-first search neighbors. Next, the decision information of the experts in the class is corrected adaptively using the group consensus model; then, expert decision information in the class is integrated using probabilistic linguistic translation methods. This method not only avoids the shortcomings of artificially given expert weights, but also reduces the loss of expert decision information. Finally, the method comprehensively considers the scale of the expert class and the difference between the classes to determine the weight of the expert class, and then it weights and integrates the consensus information of all expert classes to obtain the final decision result. This article verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method through a case analysis of urban water resource sustainability evaluation, and provides a scientific evaluation method for the sustainable development level of urban water resources.