Scientific Competence Research Articles

ICU Students’ Experiences of an Effective Clinical Instructor: A Phenomenological Study

Introduction: Improving the quality of clinical education requires a continuous review of the status quo, recognition of strengths and weaknesses, as well as correction of these weaknesses. Besides, the experiences of ICU students can be useful in removing such weaknesses. The objective of the present study was to investigate the personal experiences of nursing students about the characteristics of an effective clinical instructor and to explain the concept of “effective instructor” in clinical education. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted based on van Manen’s phenomenology. Using purposive sampling, 12 nursing students working in the intensive care unit of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences were selected and studied. The data were collected by conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews. All interviews were recorded and then the related codes and themes were extracted using van Manen’s analysis method. The validity and robustness of the study were obtained through attention to the four axes of validity, trustworthiness, reliability, and generalizability. Results: The transcripts of the interviews were analyzed and conceptual codes were extracted. After analyzing the data, 12 categories, 51 subcategories, and 5 themes were extracted. The extracted themes included scientific and practical competence, communicator and clinical coordinator, professional behavior guide, theoretical-clinical mediator, and fair evaluator. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the participants in this study emphasized the key role of the instructor in creating a suitable context for professionalization. They acknowledged that an instructor with good personality traits, speaking skills, management, appropriate clinical competencies, effective professional communication, and a realistic evaluation can train qualified students to work in the country’s healthcare system.

ДИДАКТИЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТРУКТУРИ ТА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ УРОКУ ІНТЕГРОВАНОЇ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ

The article examines the current scientific problem - conceptual changes in the system of general secondary education due to integration processes in the basic science of natural sciences. They consist in actualizing the creation in the educational environment of integrated courses of natural sciences, the formation of which is carried out on a new basis. Integration processes by academic disciplines with their specific objects of study, which include elements of different components of disciplines, considered comprehensively and qualitatively. The methodology of teaching natural sciences has accumulated a significant number of problems that need to be addressed. Among them are such as the problem of integration of an extensive system of scientific knowledge, updating of methods, tools and forms of organization of education. As a result of the integration processes in fundamental natural science, integrated natural science courses, the formation of which is carried out on a new basis, again become relevant and in demand in pedagogy. Integrative processes involve the creation of integrated disciplines, which include elements of individual natural components of the disciplines, considered comprehensively and qualitatively. In the context of the implementation of integrated disciplines in the educational process, the study of the lesson as the main form of organization of the educational process and its features becomes relevant. It is established that the results of research by M. Danilov and M. Skatkin on the terminology and content of the concept of "lesson", which is represented by a holistic and complex system that includes the acquisition of knowledge, development of mind and worldview, education of feelings and personal qualities, formation of competencies, evaluative judgments, etc. In addition, the article finds that the structural construction of the lesson resembles a schematic construction of scientific knowledge: initial facts → problem statement → hypothesis → construction of an abstract model → introduction of a system of concepts, laws, principles → theoretical derivation of consequences and their experimental verification. The main form of organization of educational classes of the modern education system continues to be a lesson, both for the usual academic discipline and for the integrated academic discipline. But in accordance with the goals and objectives of the integrated discipline, the lesson of the integrated discipline has its own specifics that determine its structure and content. The article shows the features that determine this specificity. The author points out that the systematic construction of the lesson of integrated academic discipline is based on the theory of problem-based learning M. Makhmutov. Based on this theory, the objectives of the lessons of the integrated course of natural orientation and teaching aids are formulated, which include the following: integrative task, interdisciplinary problem situation, research and experimental projects, complex practice-oriented tasks, educational experiment and more. The article considers these tools and gives practical examples of their implementation. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are made and directions for further research on this topic are proposed. Key words: integrated academic discipline, lesson, organization of educational process, natural science competence, integrated learning.

Development and formation of student competencies for the hotel and restaurant sphere with distance learning

A developed model of the formation of the competencies of future specialists in the field of the hotel and restaurant industry is proposed, which takes into account the peculiarities of teaching students in quarantine conditions of distance education.
 The research carried out makes it possible to systematize scientific views on the desired competencies of scientists, researchers and specialists in the field of the hotel and restaurant industry.
 The object of research is the competence of students for the hotel and restaurant sector, as well as the peculiarities of their formation in conditions of quarantine during distance learning.
 Investigated problem consists in the development and analysis of the features of the formation of the competencies of future specialists in the hotel and restaurant industry in the course of distance learning. Higher education is obliged to prepare not just a specialist endowed with knowledge and skills. It should be aimed at the formation of a competitive specialist and a successful personality.
 In Ukraine, the hotel and restaurant industry does not have a system of competencies common for employers, specialists, higher educational institutions and colleges. Therefore, the presented study is aimed at creating such a basis in the form of a developed model for the formation of the competencies of future specialists in the hotel and restaurant industry, which takes into account the peculiarities of teaching students in quarantine conditions of distance education.
 Main scientific results: the necessary components of the model for the formation of the competencies of a modern specialist for the hotel and restaurant industry were identified. The essence of the competence-based approach to professional training of a specialist in the context of modernization of education, taking into account distance education during quarantine, is revealed. The modern scientific view of the requirements for specialists in the hotel and restaurant sector is analyzed. The results obtained are adapted to the needs prevailing in the hotel and restaurant industry.
 The area of practical use of the research results: the comparative analysis allows to systematize scientific views on the desired competencies of scientists, researchers and specialists in the hotel and restaurant industry. This, in turn, will make it possible to better inform students about the qualities that are in demand and make the necessary changes to the curriculum in the future.
 An innovative technological product: a model for the formation of specialist competencies for the hotel and restaurant industry has been developed, which takes into account the peculiarities of teaching students in quarantine conditions of distance education.
 Scope of application of an innovative technological product: the use of a competence-based approach in higher education using the proposed model for the formation of competencies of a future specialist for the hotel and restaurant industry.

Health systems science education: The new post-Flexner professionalism for the 21st century

The foundations of medical education have drawn from the Flexner Report to prepare students for practice for over a century. These recommendations relied, however, upon a limited set of competencies and a relatively narrow view of the physician’s role. There have been increasing calls and recommendations to expand those competencies and the professional identity of the physician to better meet the current and future needs of patients, health systems, and society. We propose a framework for the twenty-first century physician that includes an expectation of new competency in health systems science (HSS), creating ‘system citizens’ who are effective stewards of the health care system. Experiential educational strategies, in addition to knowledge-centered learning, are critically important for students to develop their professional identity as system citizens working alongside interprofessional colleagues. Challenges to HSS adoption range from competing priorities for learners, to the need for faculty development, to the necessity for buy-in by medical schools and their associated health care systems. Ultimately, success will depend on our ability to articulate, encourage, support, and evaluate system citizenship and its impact on health care and health care systems.

The Effect of Blended Learning Based on The Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by Puzzle Media on The Critical Thinking Skills of Fifth Grade Students on Ecosystem Themes

The low competence of natural Science caused by using a learning model that is less than optimal makes it difficult for students to understand the learning material. This study aims to analyze the effect of blended learning based on a problem-based learning model assisted by puzzle media on the critical thinking skills of fifth-grade students on the ecosystem theme of SDN 03 Pegundan. This type of research is an experimental study using a pre-experimental design in the form of a one-group pretest-posttest design. The number of samples in this study was all students of class V SDN 03 Pegundan, totaling 26 students using saturated sampling type. Data collection in this study was obtained through interviews, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this research is quantitative statistical data analysis techniques. This study obtained t-test results obtained t count > t table, 8.829> 1.706 and the results of hypothesis testing which stated that there was an effect of learning motivation, the regression test, the result was 62.1%. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that there is an effect of blended learning based on a problem-based learning model assisted by puzzle media on the critical thinking skills of fifth-grade students on the ecosystem theme of SDN 03 Pegundan.

SMART-TECHNOLOGIES AS A MEANS OF MODERNIZING FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS’ SCIENTIFIC TRAINING AT UKRAINIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The necessity of educational innovations introduction during the implementation of future psychologists science preparation in higher education institutions is theoretically substantiated. It is indicated that during organization of the educational process of future psychologists science preparation in higher education institutions will be effective pedagogical technologies that will embody both the tactics of organization and tactics of educational activities. It is noted that the necessity to study the feasibility of SMART-technologies during organization of educational process of future psychologists science preparation in higher education institutions in Ukraine is caused by modern society’s demands for competent developed, creative, capable of innovative activities, self-improvement and self-development specialists, low motivation of psychology students to such preparation and reforms that currently take place in the higher education system of Country in the context of its integration into the world educational space. It is hypothesized that SMART-technologies will enable science teacher creatively design educational process in higher education and implement it in the form that is most acceptable to current generation of students, which will increase students' interest in science and motivation to master them, will form creative thinking and the ability to find different ways to solve one problem, if necessary, using the knowledge, skills and abilities acquired during science preparation in higher education institutions. It is noted that the pedagogical experiment revealed a significant positive dynamics of changes in the level of students’ science competence in experimental groups in comparison with the control on the need-sense, cognitive-intellectual, functional-competence, personality-regulatory, reflexive-analytical criteria, which allowed to confirm efficiency and expediency of use the SMART-technologies during implementation of future psychologists science preparation in higher education institutions in Ukraine. The prospects of further research, which consist in the development of modern educational and methodological support of SMART-technologies and searching for the ways to implement them during implementation of science preparation of future psychologists in higher education institutions in Ukraine.

KONSEP KURIKULUM TERINTEGRASI

The global world really needs the development of IMTAQ is very important, because without being framed by faith and piety, the competence of science and technology will be less meaningful for the life of the nation, it is even feared that it will be wild and uncontrolled, which will manifest in the erosion of moral values. Therefore the pesantren and formal school curricula need to be framed in the form of integration. Only the integration of the curriculum can connect the two education (Pesantren and formal education). The integrated curriculum (Integrated Curriculum) is an attempt to integrate learning materials from various kinds of lessons. Integration is created by focusing lessons on specific problems that require solutions with material or materials from various disciplines or subjects. Overall the pesantren curriculum is flexible, in the sense that each student has the opportunity to compile his or her own curriculum completely or partially according to their needs and abilities. Even in pesantren that already have a school education system

The anxiety of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic period in a brazilian regional university hospital

IntroductionNursing work requires technical, scientific competence, knowledge, skill and emotional control over practice, considering that care presents risk situations, physical and emotional stress, responsibilities with people’s lives, coping with fears and suffering. All this situation in which the professional is exposed can lead to the occurrence of psychological wear, high stress and anxiety, this is conceptualized as a vague and unpleasant feeling of fear, apprehension, with characteristics of tension or discomfort derived from anticipating danger, something unknown or strange.ObjectivesTo identify the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety among nursing professionals who work coping with COVID-19 in a Brazilian regional university hospital.MethodsCross-sectional observational study, with sociodemographic questionnaire and anxiety measurement scale (HAD), with 88 nursing professionals. The data were analyzed using absolute and relative frequency, using the software StatisticalPackage for the Social Sciences.ResultsThere was a prevalence of anxiety (48.9%), with the majority of the sample consisting of women, over 40 years old, married or in a stable relationship, white, with higher education or postgraduate education, with income above R $ 3,000.00, tendered, with a work regime of 40 hours per week and time in the hospital from 1 to 5 years.ConclusionsThe impact should be considered on Nursing Mental Health caused by COVID-19 and intervene with coping strategies to minimize anxiety.

THE SPECIFICATIONS OF ENERGY MODULES IN LIFE SYSTEMS INTEGRATING RELIGIOUS VALUES ON STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC LITERACY

<p>This study aims to analyze the specifications of energy modules in life systems integrating religious values on students’ scientific literacy. The research method uses a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest and posttest, with 50 seventh grade students in Islamic-based schools as research subjects. The data obtained were then analyzed using quantitative descriptive. The results of this study indicate that the application of energy modules in living systems integrating religious values is effective on the scientific literacy of students based on the average n-gain score of 0.44 which falls into the medium category. The scientific literacy competence of students in this study sequentially from the highest is to explain scientific phenomena with a percentage of 68.62%, then interpret data and scientific evidence with a percentage of 53.64%, and evaluate and design scientific investigations with a percentage of 41.67 %. Learning by using this module can improve students’ learning outcomes by making learning situations more active so that it is easier to understand the concept of energy in living systems. The research concludes that the application of energy modules in life systems integrating religious values is effective on students’ scientific literacy. </p>

ИМА ЛИ „ПОМАШКИ ГОВОР“ В БЪЛГАРИЯ? / IS THERE A POMAK DIALECT IN BULGARIA?

The paper presents a critical look at a study by Emel Balakchi dedicated to the Bulgarian Rhodope dialects and addresses her attempt to regard the Rhodope dialects as Pomak dialects, while ignoring the presence of a native Bulgarian Christian population in the Rhodopes. Numerous examples reveal the author’s lack of scientific competence and objectivity in presenting the characteristic features of the Bulgarian Rhodope dialects.

СЪДЪРЖАНИЕТО НА КН. 1 ЗА 2021 Г. НА СПИСАНИЕ „БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК“ / ISSUE 1/2021 OF BALGARSKI EZIK

Issue 1/2021 of Balgarski ezik features three papers dealing with research presented at the Scientific Forum on Research Approaches in Bulgarian Lan¬guage Teaching (2019) organised by the Institute for Bulgarian Language at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in the last five years. Katya Charalozova’s paper titled The Category of Verb Aspect. Metho-do¬logical Perspectives in Teaching Aspect in Bulgarian Schools Abroad discusses methodological aspects of teaching the category of aspect to students in Bul¬ga¬rian schools abroad from the standpoint of interpreting verb aspect as a semantic category. The author addresses the consistent representation of knowledge and the ways of introducing perfective and imperfective verbs and their forms in the different tenses. Luchia Antonova-Vasileva discusses The Need for Selection and Adaptation of Texts for People Studying Bulgarian Literature Abroad and presents success¬sful examples of adapted editions of works of literature for the purposes of lan¬guage teaching. The author proposes a model for text adaptation for the purpo¬ses of teaching Bulgarian language and literature to Bulgarians living abroad and illustrates it with an excerpt from Ivan Vazov’s novel Under the Yoke. The paper by Reni Manova and Elena Hadzhieva is dedicated to Intercul¬tural Communication and Equality between the Participants in the Dialogue in Bulgarian. On the basis of analysis of the peculiarities of intercultural commu¬nication as an exchange of culturally conditioned information between people from different cultures, the authors conclude that the significant stock of know¬ledge about the foreign culture and the skills to apply specific communicative behaviours adapted to the host culture are of crucial importance. Mariyana Tsibranska’s paper The World of Nuns according to Lexical Data compares data on female monasticism in two types of sources – hagiographic works and canon law – in order to bring monastic everyday life in the focus of cultural conceptology and the study of the diachronic linguistic picture of the world. Everyday life at the monastery is presented by means of specific ranges of concepts (mental constructs) and the respective linguistic nominations. The paper Is there a Pomak Dialect in Bulgaria? by Georgi Mitrinov pre¬sents a critical look at a study by Emel Balakchi titled The Rhodope Dialects. Their Richness and Magic. By adducing compelling linguistic arguments, the author disproves Balakchi’s attempt at representing the Rhodope dialects as Po¬mak dialects. Using numerous examples, Georgi Mitrinov demonstrates the lack of scientific competence and objectivity of the study under consideration in presenting the characteristic features of the Bulgarian Rhodope dialects. In her article The General Designations for a Female Relative in the Bulga¬rian Language Presented as Heteronymic Rows Tsvetelina Georgieva presents in a structured way the designations for female relatives excerpted from the Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Bulgarian Family and Kinship Lexis. Using an onomasiological approach, the author argues convincingly that the names for female relatives in Bulgarian are heteronyms and not synonyms.

Secondary School Students’ Perception of the Acquisition of Social Science Skill

The aim of this study is to find out the relevance of the competences worked on in the area of social science, specifically in the subjects of geography and history, through the perceptions of pupils in the 4th year of compulsory secondary education (ESO). In order to carry out the survey, a purposive sampling was carried out in which more than 1400 4th year ESO students (in Spain) participated. In addition, using a Likert-type scale of our own creation called Evaluation of the Perception of Social Science Competences (EPECOCISO) and following a design of quantitative methodology, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out with the analysis software SPSS through the descriptive process, which allowed us to select the three factors that make up the study. Subsequently, correlations were established between factors through Pearson’s test, and between the different variables that make up each one of them with the socio-demographic variables (distinguishing between ordinal and nominal variables) through the chi-square test of independence and Cramer’s V test (nominal), as well as the linearity test, Goodman’s gamma test, and the Kruskal (ordinal) test. Finally, one of the most important conclusions of this study is that the difficulties encountered by students in the acquisition of competences is conditioned by the development of the assessment processes that are carried out.

The effect of intellectual capital on the Total quality management of higher education and scientific research institutions in Baghdad

The purpose and goal of the research revolve around the diagnosis of intellectual capital as the logical indicator to study an effective human resource management practice and its influential role in determining the overall quality management of higher education institutions and scientific research in Baghdad. 
 To achieve the purpose of the research, an upgraded standard questionnaire was used to collect data and distribute it to the selected sample in a statistical manner from the study population of (5) institutions affiliated with the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Baghdad. A sample of (83) faculty and employees in the community of the researched institutions were targeted. They are known for their competence, experience and expertise within the elite measurements in managing human resources qualified for serious and efficient work. The extraction of results was based on the statistical package (SPSS), using the statistics of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Spearman correlation coefficient and multiple regression, and statistical tests represented by (t, F).
 According to the results extracted and analyzed, a set of conclusions related to the extent to which the intellectual capital has a distinct role in the development of total quality management in the areas of top management, continuous improvement and strategic planning for quality related to the implementation of the comprehensive strategy of the institutions of the Ministry of Higher Education in Baghdad. Certainly, the results reached to show the moderation of the availability of the necessary infrastructure to enhance the intellectual capital in higher education institutions in Baghdad, which requires an effective review of their organizational structures, as well as attracting and creating client and human capital, as they constitute an added value for developing mental and knowledge maturity For the elite teachers and distinguished employees who possess the ability to think, analyze, create, innovate, and employ knowledge, experience and skill in the field of learning and education.
 Among the most prominent recommendations reached by the research is that it is of the utmost importance for the institution's department of the Ministry of Higher Education in Baghdad to evaluate and evaluate their intellectual assets of teachers and employees, and to develop a strategic plan that includes identifying their current and future needs for human capital from teachers and employees with scientific competence and holders of experience certificates and awards Scientific and patents.

Teacher Self-Assessment of their Science and Technics Competences and Professional Development

In this paper, the authors present the results of an empirical study that formed part of the broader research project, "Culture of Educational Institution as a Factor in Co-Construction of Knowledge," at the University of Rijeka. The research was conducted on a sample of 317 elementary class teachers from Croatia and Slovenia. The authors sought to establish how class teachers assess their professionalism in practice; whether they show statistically significant differences in assessing their professionalism and professional development in practice at different stages of their careers.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL WITH MIND MAP AS A HOMEWORK ON NATURAL SCIENCE COMPETENCE: LITERATURE STUDY

Mind mapping is a creative and effective note taking technique, with a Mind Map can store information in the brain and make learning easier. Cooperative learning is a learning model divides student into groups. Coopeartive learning make a student to be active in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to obtain a description of the effect using a Mind Map with cooperative learning models on the learning science competence of students. This research is ex-post facto research. The data use secondary data, namely data sourced from scientific journal articles. Data collection techniques in this study are documentation technique, data analysis in the form of content analysis. The step used in this research are exploring ideas, looking for information, emphasizing the materials used, looking for reading materials, reorganizing the material back and writing the research result. The literature result showed that therewas a positive effect on the use of Mind Map with cooperative learning models on the science competence. The use of Mind Map with cooperative learning models can make student can store information in a creative and effective way, and can make a student more active in the learning process.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ON KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCE: LITERATURE STUDY ABOUT THINK TALK WRITE

This research is motivated by learning that is still teacher-centered, students are not actively involved and do not take learning activities seriously. Learning using the lecture and discussion method, but in practice students do not understand the steps of the activity method used. At the time of learning, many students carry out activities outside of learning activities. Students do not concentrate on listening to the teacher's explanation and there is no collaboration between students and other students. So that the low competence of learning science students both in the aspects of knowledge, attitudes and skills. Efforts that can be made are applying the Think Talk Write type of cooperative learning model. Think Talk Write learning model is a learning model that can develop students' thinking, speaking and writing skills. This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the Think Talk Write type of cooperative learning model on students' science learning competencies. This research was conducted by reviewing several national-scale journals in Indonesia. The journal used is a journal that has 5 ISSN journals. The results obtained from the journal review are that there is a correlation between the application of the Think Talk Write type cooperative learning model to the science learning outcomes of students. This is evidenced by research conducted by Daha (2018), Sari (2017), Hulu (2019), Fitriana (2017), Erlija (2018) which uses a cooperative learning model type Think Talk Write assisted by media in learning.

Publication Output with Citation based Performance of Selected DBT Institutes in India

This scientometric study examines the publication outputs from six institutes of the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) in India as cited in the Scopus database over the past 24 years, 1996-2019. Research in biotechnology and other allied areas were analysed in terms of their chronological growth, activity index, collaborations, preferred journals for publication, country collaborators, popular keywords and scholarly impact. Scientists from the six institutes published 6, 076 journal articles representing 73.65 per cent of nationally collaborated articles and 25.03 per cent of internationally collaborated articles. Of the DBT institutes, the National Institute of Immunology (NII) published the highest number of articles and the Institute of Life Sciences (ILS) shared most patents. Publication frequency was the highest for Plos One journal and the countries with which scientists collaborated included the United States, Germany, United Kingdom and France in that order. The publishing outputs of DBT institutes suggest a need for greater international collaborative research in order to gain scientific competency and increase the quality of research outputs. Also this study may be helpful to government officials and policy makers in determining allocation of resources to boost the scholarly outputs of DBT institutes.

The Effectiveness Of A Concrete Media Assisted Project Based Learning Model On Students 'Science Competency

This study aimed to determine the effect of project based learning model assisted by concrete media toward the competency of science among students grade V SD Academic year 2019/2020. A quasi-experiment was used in this study with the nonequivalent control group design. The total number of students in grade V SD Academic Year 2019/2020 was 13 classes consisting of 371 students used as the study population. Random sampling was used to select the samples. The experimental group in this study was the grade VB with 32 students, and the control group was students grade VA with 33 students. Data of science knowledge competency was collected using an objective test instrument in multiple-choice totaling 31 items validated. The science competency data was then analyzed by performing the variant polled t-test. Based on the results of the t-test, tcount = 4.17. The score was then compared with the score of table with df = 63. With a significance level of 5% so that the score of table = 2,000 means that Ho was rejected, because tcount = 4.17> ttable = 2,000. Similarly, the average science competency among students in the experimental group x ̅ = 81.43> x ̅ = 70.33 the average of scientific competence of the control group students. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the Project Based Learning model assisted by concrete media significantly influences students' scientific competence grade V SD Academic Year 2019/2020.

The Influence of Think Pair Share Model Assisted by Mind Mapping Media at Fourth Grade Science Competence

The application of the think pair share model is carried out to increase the enthusiasm for learning science with the help of Mind Mapping in grade IV SD students. This study aims to determine the effect of think pair share with the mind mapping media for science knowledge competency of the fourth grade students at elementary school. This type of quasi-experimental research (quasi-experimental) used the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in school lessons is 153 students, all grade IV SD. Sampling using random sampling technique, randomizing the class. The selected sample was SD with 31 students as the experimental class and SD with 30 students as the control class. Science knowledge competency data were collected using objective tests. Data analysis using t-test. The results of the t-test analysis obtained tcount = 7.104> ttable = 2,000, at a significance level of 5% with dk = 59.It means that there is a significant difference in the competence of science knowledge between students who are taught using think pair share models assisted by mind mapping media and students being taught using conventional class IV SD learning. The average score of knowledge competency in the science experimental group x ̄ = 83.30> x ̄ = 67.96 the mean scoree of the control group. Thus it can be ignored that there is an influence of the think pair share model assisted by mind mapping media on the competence of science knowledge in grade IV SD.

Reciprocal Teaching-Learning Model Assisted with Flash Card Improve Student Science Competence

The problem that is the basis of this research is that students tend to be passive and students are more likely to talk to their peers, so the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the reciprocal teaching model assisted by flash card media on the competence of science knowledge in fourth grade students. The type of this research is quasi-experimental using a non-equivalent control group design. The population contained in this study was 266 students. Samples were taken using a random cluster technique which then obtained an experimental class of 36 people and a control class of 31 people. Data collection for science knowledge competencies using 40 validated objective test instruments. The data obtained were then analyzed using the polled variance t-test. Based on data analysis, it was obtained tcount = 5,250> t table = 2,000 at a significance level of 5% with dk = 65, so, H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. So it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the reciprocal teaching model of learning assisted by flash card media on the science knowledge competence of fourth grade students. The implication of this research in general is that this model can be used as an alternative for teachers in learning activities in order to increase the competency of students' science knowledge