Science Technology Parks Research Articles

Understanding technological knowledge spillover in a science technology park ecosystem: an ethnographic study

ABSTRACT Technological knowledge spillover is a passive process that is difficult to exploit due to the unknown nature of the phenomenon. However, spillovers in certain geographical proximity improve growth and beneficial to the surrounding actors. Therefore, it is essential to understand the nature of technological knowledge spillover and how it happens in reality. This study closely observed and unravelled how spillover happened in the Science Technology Park ecosystem through two years of immersive ethnographic research. Two spillovers occurred from several projects. Eleven actors are involved in the technology transfer and knowledge spillover processes within two technological projects in the ecosystem. This study provides a descriptive explanation of how spillovers happen. Also, two propositions are discussed for extending the existing theory in the context of spillover in the Science Technological Park ecosystem. First, actuators and connectors in the ecosystem could promote technological knowledge spillovers; they also influence the breadth of spillovers in the ecosystem. Second, to gain benefits from the spillovers, actors must be adequately motivated and competent enough or able to leverage their network to exploit the spillage into commercial businesses.

Performance Management Practices in Science Technology Parks: Case Study of Bandung Techno Park

The main objective of developing Science Technology Parks (STP) is to foster knowledge-based economic clusters in an area. Knowledge-based economic clusters play an important role in encouraging regional innovation and competitiveness to increase the contribution of science and technology in economic development. Due to the important role of the clusters in economic development, it is necessary to seriously manage their performance.
 The purpose of this paper is to study the Performance Management Practices and Key Performance Indicators implemented in Bandung Techno Park (BTP) as one of the leading Techno parks in Indonesia through the literature review method. This research revealed that there are a number of standard or similar KPIs widely used in many STPs, such as the number of startups created, economic development produced, the number of innovative products made. The study also proposed two additional performance indicators for BTP to complete its goals, which are: economy generated in the area and profitability of STP. The contribution of this research is to provide BTP with a reference for evaluating organizational performance through the use of standard KPIs. Future research can use standardized KPIs that have been validated with a quantitative approach to investigate and evaluate organizational performance.
 
 Keywords— Performance management; Key Performance Indicators; Science and Technology Parks

The obstacles for science technology parks in a developing country

Science technology park (STP) is fundamentally posited to create links between business, academic and government to trigger the development of new technologies, including their commercialisation. In particular, STP in Indonesia has begun to establish in the past five years by implementing the concept of triple-helix model. Still, there were obstacles that hamper their objective to success. This research aims to observe existing STPs in Indonesia, including investigation and evaluation on any obstacle occurred in their implementation. This research is conducted by using qualitative method. The measurements of this research stand on the successful indicators of STP in either developing or developed countries. Data gathering is taken through in-depth interviews based on a purposive sampling. The interview is taken in four most developing STPs in Indonesia. The results discover that STPs which have implemented the triple-helix concept are highly possible to success compared to others. In addition, the results reveal that triple-helix-based STPs managed by private sector and local government have a strong potential to success. Then, this study successfully discovers the obstacles met by successful STPs in Indonesia, i.e., bureaucracy, networking and entrepreneurial culture.

Infrastructure Development as a Condition for Improving the Mechanism of Innovative Activity Stimulation (on the Example of Southern Federal District Subjects)

The article discusses the concept of the mechanism of innovative activity stimulation, which represents a system consisting of actors with their goals; formal regulations (legislation); informal regulations and rules (business culture, adopted by the economic community); incentives and constraints (economic and non-economic in nature). The authors specify the understanding of infrastructure as a condition of the mechanism functioning, compare rating assessments (by the NAIDIT technique) of innovation activity of subjects of the Southern Federal District (SFD) and reveal significant inconsistencies. The comparative analysis of the main existing infrastructure elements of the innovation sphere (Krasnodar, Volgograd and Rostov regions) let make conclusions about their sufficiency or insufficiency in different subjects of the macro-region. The negative trends of innovative infrastructure development include: the lack of a unified information and analytical database and system for the promotion and support of innovative projects; the lack of consolidated data to assess the development level of the regional innovative infrastructure in formal source; the failure and the need for development elements, such as clusters and science-technology parks, support funds and the creation of extensive networks of centers for collective use. Directions of improvement of innovation activity are presented on the basis of comparing its peculiar indicators as well as analyzing and identifying missing infrastructure elements of the innovation system (scientific and investment, information and analytical, organizational and communicative) with the aim of increasing the efficiency of existing mechanisms of innovation stimulation in the regions. Scientific and practical significance of this work consists in the future use of its provisions and conclusions as additional theoretical and methodological substantiation of scientific developments in research of innovative activity stimulation, and also for its improvement in innovation policy of public authorities on defining the strategic priorities for regional development.

Science-Technology Park Ilidža as a Generator of Innovation Potential and SME’s Development in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Many nations are currently adopting a variety of directed strategies to launch and support the development of research parks. Science and technology research parks are seen increasingly as a means to create dynamic clusters that accelerate economic growth and international competitiveness. Technology parks represent the place of SME's development and the place of the most direct technological transfer. Research parks encourage greater collaboration among universities, research laboratories, and SMEs, providing a means to help convert new ideas into the innovative technologies for the market. They are recognized to be a tool to create successful new companies, sustain them and attract new ones, especially in the science, technology, and innovation sector. Universities, in turn, benefit by exposure to the business world. What all these parks have in common is that they are, at heart, knowledge partnerships that foster innovation. University research and science parks provide the launch pad that startup companies need when they are spun out from a university or company. The current state of development of technology parks in Bosnia and Herzegovina and possibilities of establishment of a new technology park in Sarajevo (Ilidža) region are analyzed in this paper.

Creating Start-ups through Technology Transfer in Science Technology Park: A Case Study of Daedeok Innopolis

The largest and oldest science and technology park in Korea, Daedeok Innopolis has 29 government research institutes and 5 universities. Every year these research organizations of Daedeok Innopolis are generating more than 7 thousands technology patents and the government tries to commercialize technologies through simple technology licensing to private companies. To facilitate the technology transfer, the new mechanism named research institute spin-offs has been exclusively granted to Daedeok Innopolis in 2006. Since then, the Innopolis Foundation has put lots of effort to activate the mechanism in order to create more commercialization of R&D results from government research institutes (GRIs). This study is undertaken to review the interactive environment of the technology transfer in Daedeok Innopolis and study the unique mechanism which enables Daedeok Innopolis to proceed technology transfer effectively and in particular, looks at the role which can be played by the Innopolis Foundation as a government agent of the policy aimed at facilitating commercialization of using technologies developed by GRIs.

Determinants of inter-firm networks among tenants of science technology parks

Science and technology parks (STPs) try to facilitate networking among their tenants by (i) creating a favorable ecology for collaboration through selection of tenants and (ii) encouraging the formation of ties among these firms through events and introductions. We investigate the effect of these interventions on data collected from managers and tenants of 12 STPs in Turkey. In analyses that include STP level fixed effects to control for unobserved heterogeneity in parks' characteristics, we find ecological characteristics as well as manager interventions to have some effect on prevalence of inter-firm relationships: Sectoral homogeneity is associated with greater numbers prevalence of knowledge sharing, joint development, and client ties. Tenants whose general managers have greater presence at the park have more equipment-sharing ties, and attendance at STP-organized events increases knowledge-sharing ties. STP managers� brokerage activities contribute to equipment sharing ties.

Virtual Business Support Infrastructure for Entrepreneurs

In the knowledge economy nowadays, a physical working space is less valuable than virtual networks and business clusters. Science technology parks and innovation centers, virtual incubators and business information centers could be a far more convenient way to support start-ups in the process of transferring business ideas, challenges and innovative technologies into competitive profitable businesses that create wealth. Presence and cognition technologies play an important role in the knowledge management process, helping entrepreneurs learn and solve lots of different problems more effectively. In this regard, it is very important to figure out the most effective technological solutions and principal directions for implementing work-based learning strategies in the learning process. The work with knowledge implies creation of content: generation of a new knowledge in order to stimulate the development of innovative processes. The goal of the paper is to get a new perspective view and understanding of the development of virtual business support infrastructure is facilitated in order to develop a network of innovative SMEs, foster communication, collaboration, individual's motivation and exchange of experiences of SMEs. This paper describes the theoretical principles of information flow modelling in network of collaborative and innovative SMEs with a practical example of a virtual business support infrastructure. The research idea is to describe the principles of virtual support system for entrepreneurs, cognition technologies that influence development in each individual to ensure sustainable entrepreneurship. WBL is used as a tool to achieve the goal of internalizing knowledge by experience in the workplace. For an employee, it is an opportunity to learn and possibly obtain a higher degree and collaboration with colleagues, while for an employer a way to increase the power of the company thanks to better-qualified staff and business partners. The result of the research is the analysis of the virtual business support infrastructure, improved quality of knowledge flow, and recommendations for developing work-based learning with regard to the encouragement of efficient knowledge management in entrepreneurship for common aims.

Biotechnologiczne spółki spin-off Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego jako mechanizm transferu technologii

Spin-off companies constitute an interesting subject of research for economic geographers. The significance of local knowledge networks, tacit knowledge flows and strong links with local social and economic environment are their most important features. Academic spin-offs, created by employees of higher education and R&D establishments, form a specific subgroup among these firms. Spin- -off companies are acknowledged as a most important technology transfer mechanism in the highly innovative modern biotechnology sector. This paper deals with the creation and functioning of the Jagiellonian University’s biotech spin- -off companies in the contemporary business environment of Poland. Most of these companies are in an initial phase of development, facing many problems with financing and bureaucracy. The most important barriers to popularization of spin-off activity among researchers are: lack of financing, complicated IP law system, lack of business knowledge among scientists and general focus only on scientific activity among research personnel. The role of Jagiellonian University’s technology transfer and entrepreneurship support agencies (i.e. the Jagiellonian Centre of Innovation and the Life Science Technology Park and Cluster) is also discussed.

Development of the Innovation System in Grodno Region: Condition, Problems,

over national level tendencies to global use of national technological potential, to global cooperation in sphere of innovations are shown. Alongside with it the special urgency is got with a regional level of innovational systems. It is connected because а) at a national level the regional environment in determines competitiveness of business as innovations on the greater degree grow out environments many. б) the postindustrial economy has high dynamism and an individualization both in sphere of manufacture, and in sphere of consumption; в) in connection with глобализацией regions are involved in the international exchange without national borders. The social economic policy of the Republic of Belarus is based on the following priority directions: increase of the level and quality of living of the population and maintenance of steady socio economic development of the state. Currently the Republic Belarus is developing its industrial and scientific potential, individual elements of the innovations infrastructure (science-technology parks, business incubators, centers for transfer of technologies etc.) are being actively developed, however there exists a lack of communication between these elements as well as between these elements and other sectors of the economy. As a result, despite of positive experience of a number of initiatives, break of innovative development of the economy has not taken place. In connection with the beforesaid in the course of development of the innovation system of the Republic of Belarus a significant role is played by the regional innovations policy, creation of the regional innovation system, development of the effective mechanism promoting social-economic development of the region, first of all through effective constant interaction of science and manufacturing and attracting the necessary resources at all stages of the innovation of activity. The research is developed to regional innovation system creation. Aim of the research – to provide recommendations on facilitation of conditions for development and functioning of the regional innovation system. The regional innovation system can be defined as a set of interrelated subsystems facilitating access to various resources and services to the participants of the innovation activity. The regional innovation system should be regarded as a process of interaction and feedback between all subsystems ensuring realization of all the processes leading to creation of a product such as innovation. The above approach enables to develop the areas the promotion and stimulation whereof will promote innovation activity and lead to the achievement of the set objectives. The development and promoting of the innovation system requires performance of requirements of principles: compatibility – the regional system should be a consistent part of the national innovation system as well as the national social-economic system and global economic relations: integrity of the system – unity of the system and coordinated performance of functions by each element of the system; development – ensuring development of the subsystems (management); standardization – the quality of the object being development shall be ensured adhering to the modern standards and first of all meet the requirements of the quality management system.

Moscow University's Science Park

The 1980s and early 1990s are characterized by unprecedented competition among the leading industrial countries and regions on the technology front. The process of innovation has come to be of particular importance as a way for national and regional economies to survive. Science and science-technology parks, business incubators, and technopolises [tekhnopolisy] have become an instrument that is highly effective and appropriate to the times with respect to policies conducted by countries and regions to support innovations and science-intensive entrepreneurship.