Team Of Scientists Research Articles

Об эволюции концептуальных основ этно-национальной политики России

On the eve of the update in 2025 of the “Strategy of State National Policy”, a discussion is unfolding in Russia about the existing and future conceptual foundations of such a policy. This discussion largely determines this article. In it, the author critically analyzes the stereotypical ideas about the national politics of Soviet and post-Soviet times that emerged in the process of this discussion. For example, about stability in the era of L. Brezhnev, a stereotype that does not take into account the rise of two varieties of nationalism in the 1960–1980s; about the “parade of sovereignties in the era of Soviet Perestroika: about multiculturalism as the supposedly official doctrine of Russian politics in the 1990s. The article analyzes the prospects for establishing a new concept of interculturalism in Russia. In this regard, the materials of a sociological study conducted by scientific teams led by the author of this article in 2018 in Rostov-on-Don are presented.

Embedding textile capacitive sensing into smart wearables as a versatile solution for human motion capturing

This work presents a novel and versatile approach to employ textile capacitive sensing as an effective solution for capturing human body movement through fashionable and everyday-life garments. Conductive textile patches are utilized for sensing the movement, working without the need for strain or direct body contact, wherefore the patches can sense only from their deformation within the garment. This principle allows the sensing area to be decoupled from the wearer’s body for improved wearing comfort and more pleasant integration. We demonstrate our technology based on multiple prototypes which have been developed by an interdisciplinary team of electrical engineers, computer scientists, digital artists, and smart fashion designers through several iterations to seamlessly incorporate the technology of capacitive sensing with corresponding design considerations into textile materials. The resulting accumulation of textile capacitive sensing wearables showcases the versatile application possibilities of our technology from single-joint angle measurements towards multi-joint body part tracking.

From selfish silo to collaborative culture – embracing data-enabled cancer research

From selfish silo to collaborative culture – embracing data-enabled cancer research Aedin Culhane and Mark Lawler, Co-Leads of the eHealth Hub for Cancer, reflect on their data-enabled cancer research journeys, how their collaborative team science approach has reaped significant dividends in cancer research and policy and how the hub is inducing a paradigm shift in how health data are deployed on the island of Ireland. An article in The Wall Street Journal (not the normal reading material for scientists) in 2011 highlighted a new approach to performing scientific research that was gaining significant credence at the time. Entitled ‘The New Einsteins Will Be Scientists Who Share’ (with the strapline ‘From cancer to cosmology, researchers could race ahead by working together – online and in the open’), the article presaged an unprecedented change in how scientists interact with each other, ushering in a culture of collaboration and cross-disciplinary research. Nowhere was this change more obvious than in the genomics and data science community, where a bottom-up movement led to the creation of the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH), bringing together researchers from around the world to work together to address some of human health’s greatest challenges through the deployment of data and data tools.

SCIENTIFIC PROJECT TEAMS MANAGEMENT IN WARTIME REALITIES: PERSONNEL SECURITY ENSURING ASPECTS

The study is devoted to the scientific project teams management in the realities of wartime and personnel security ensuring aspects. The purpose of the work was to identify features that should be taken into account by personnel management and scientific and pedagogical personnel who are heads of scientific projects during the management of project teams engaged in research work under the influence of wartime risks. The research methodology means the use of content analysis and specialized literature processing, as well as taking expert opinion on modern features of scientific project management into account. As a result of the study, features were identified that should be taken into account by managers and scientific and pedagogical staff , including heads of scientific projects, when managing project teams mission is to provide research work under the influence of wartime risks; the characteristic features of the scientific projects management in comparison with applied research were investigated; the peculiarities of the scientific project team formation are determined, personnel risks accompanying the process of implementing a scientific project both in peacetime and in wartime are determined, and proposals are made for optimizing the management of scientific projects in the realities of wartime. The peculiarities of the scientific project team formation have been established, which include: the need for a team member to belong to the work team of a scientific institution or institution of higher education, the team members' compliance with the characteristics of active researchers, their availability of professional publications on the topic of the project; search for people with scientific degrees and scientific titles and united by common scientific interests. The field of application of research results is science management, project management, flexible management and team management in scientific and educational institutions, critical infrastructure enterprises and business structures.

Revisiting the Freshwater Imperative: Harnessing Team Science to Face Emerging Challenges to Freshwaters

Revisiting the Freshwater Imperative: Harnessing Team Science to Face Emerging Challenges to Freshwaters

Perspectives on U.S. University research reactor policy

Abstract Widely promoted by the Atomic Energy Commission in the 1950s and 1960s, university research reactors allowed faculty to experiment with neutron scattering, advancing our understanding of organic and inorganic materials. These advances led to innovations in commercial products, including automobiles, computers, medicine, and batteries. However, since the 1980s, more than half of all the university research reactors have been decommissioned and remaining reactors are ill-suited for modern needs. RTI International assembled a team of economists, neutron scientists, and policy analysts to examine the history of university research reactor policy in the USA, assess barriers to greater usage, and consider how US policy differs from those in other countries. We present three policy options to enhance the role of university research reactors in federal research and the national science infrastructure landscape.

O-211 Exploring risk factors of mismatch in the ART laboratory: An analysis based on 73719 electronic witnessing points

Abstract Study question What are the risk factors associated with mismatch (MM) and genuine mismatch (GMM) in the ART laboratory? Summary answer MM is associated with individual operators, oocyte denudation (OD) and embryo transfer (ET) processes, while GMM related to OD and extended work hours (>4pm). What is known already Mix-up of gametes or embryos in the ART laboratory causes dramatic consequences to both the patients and clinics. Recent studies using electronic witnessing system (EWS) equipped with radio frequency ID (RFID) tags, have revealed that most MM events only involved empty cell culture vessels, while the true mix-up risk arose from a subgroup of GMM involving culture vessels carrying gametes or embryos belonging to different patients. Exploration of risk factors associated with MM and GMM occurrence, separately, is still currently lacking in the literature. Study design, size, duration A total of 73719 witnessing points were retrospectively extracted from an EWS database, representing 11210 consecutive treatment cycles performed at Fertility North between January 2016 and July 2023. The 11210 treatment cycles comprised 5472 fresh IVF, 3732 frozen embryo transfer, 93 oocyte freeze, and 1913 intrauterine insemination cycles. Participants/materials, setting, methods All laboratory work areas were equipped with RFID readers. A MM was triggered by detection of RFID tagged cell culture vessels (either carrying biological material or not) and/or ID cards that belong to different patients in the same work area. A GMM was defined when a MM had involved biological materials and/or patients during procedure, with a potential mix-up. Risk factors evaluated included time of the day, weekdays, weekend, public holiday, operators, and laboratory processes. Main results and the role of chance A total of 138 (0.19%) MMs and 16 (0.02%) GMMs were identified during the study period, without actual mix-up. MM rate was the highest during 12-2pm (0.28%, p < 0.001) compared to other periods of the day, whilst GMM was the highest after 4pm (0.13%, p = 0.004). Neither MM nor GMM was associated with any specific weekday, weekend or public holiday (p > 0.05, respectively). Amongst 8 laboratory processes investigated, ET (0.36%, p < 0.001) led to the highest MM rate, followed by OD (0.35%, p = 0.021), but no increase was observed in oocyte collection, sperm preparation, insemination, embryo culture, cryopreservation and Assign ID. OD was the only process associated with higher GMM (0.13%, p < 0.001). Furthermore, Two of the 20 assessed operators were identified to produce more MMs (0.59%, p < 0.001, and 0.40%, p = 0.004; respectively) while GMM rates were similar among all operators (p > 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the OD (adjusted odds ratio or aOR=2.147, p = 0.011) and ET (aOR=2.118, p < 0.001) processes as well as 2 individual operators (aOR=3.511, p < 0.001; aOR=2.538, p = 0.002; respectively) were independent risk factors to MM, but not the 12-2pm period of the day (aOR=1.341, p > 0.05). Finally, both extended work hours beyond 4pm (aOR=8.651, p = 0.005) and OD (aOR=9.538, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors to GMM. Limitations, reasons for caution Each individual ART laboratory has a unique team of scientists and workflow arrangement so findings in our study may not be universally applicable. GMM occurs at an extremely low frequency and is often calculated based on large numbers, therefore caution ought to be taken at statistical interpretation of data. Wider implications of the findings GMMs should be separated from MMs for analysis considering the very different clinical implications. Sufficient staffing with regular break and streamlined workflow are highlighted in preventing mix-up in the ART laboratory. Using electronically logged data, EWS enables identification of site-specific risk factors, which facilitates the development of corresponding preventative protocols. Trial registration number not applicable

Utilizing rapid qualitative assessment and thematic analysis methods to identify and share promising case investigation and contact tracing practices with people in refugee, immigrant, and migrant communities during COVID-19.

In the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic The National Resource Center for Refugees, Immigrants and Migrants (NRC-RIM) was established. NRC-RIM initially sought to rapidly identify promising case investigation and contact tracing (CICT) practices within refugee, immigrant, and migrant communities. Between September 2020 and April 2021, the team conducted 60 interviews with individuals from cross-sector organizations (i.e., public health, health systems, community experts/organizations) working with refugee, immigrant and migrant communities in health and public health capacities related to COVID-19. The overarching aim was to identify and amplify innovative promising and best practices for CICT with refugee, immigrant, and migrant communities, including an exploration of barriers and facilitators. We utilized layered methods to rapidly assess, summarize and disseminate promising practices while simultaneously completing four thematic analyses including: (1) public health organizations; (2) health system organizations; (3) community leaders and organizations; and (4) vaccine planning and access across the three sectors. The primary objective of this article is to describe the project design, applied methods, and team science approach we utilized. We found that rapid identification and dissemination of promising practices, and barriers and facilitators for CICT with refugee, immigrant and migrant communities was feasible during a public health emergency. This approach was essential for identifying and widely sharing culturally and linguistically concordant public health practices.

The Undiagnosed Diseases Network: Characteristics of solvable applicants and diagnostic suggestions for nonaccepted ones

PurposeCan certain characteristics identify as solvable some undiagnosed patients who seek extensive evaluation and thorough record review, such as by the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)? MethodsThe UDN is a national research resource to solve medical mysteries through team science. Applicants provide informed consent to access to their medical records. After review, expert panels assess if applicants meet inclusion and exclusion criteria to select participants. When not accepting applicants, UDN experts may offer suggestions for diagnostic efforts. Using minimal information from initial applications, we compare features in applicants who are not accepted with those who are accepted and either solved or still not solved by the UDN. The diagnostic suggestions offered to nonaccepted applicants and their clinicians were tallied. ResultsNonaccepted applicants were more often female, older at first symptoms and application, and longer in review compared with accepted applicants. The accepted and successfully diagnosed applicants were younger, shorter in review time, more often non-White, of Hispanic ethnicity, and presenting with nervous system features. Half of nonaccepted applicants were given suggestions for further local diagnostic evaluation. A few seemed to have 2 major diagnoses or a provocative environmental exposure history. ConclusionComprehensive UDN record review generates possibly helpful advice.

BLACK HOLE CINEMA: APPLICATION OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING METHODS TO EXPAND AND ENHANCE AN EARTH‐SIZED TELESCOPE

AbstractThe Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is an array of radio telescopes around the world that uses the technique of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) to create a virtual Earth‐sized telescope. Using this technique, the EHT released the first image of a black hole on April 10, 2019, accelerating black hole science and creating enormous public impact. Now, a team of scientists and engineers is looking ahead to the next horizon: movies of black holes. In this paper, we give an overview of how the next‐generation EHT (ngEHT) Project has adopted a systems engineering approach to the design of future improvements to the EHT array, developing clear traceability from community‐defined key science goals. Scheduling, operations, site selection, observing bandwidth, data transport, and data management are some of the many factors that require careful consideration and balance and therefore benefit from intentional systems engineering methods underpinned by a “single source of truth” system model.

Implementation science: why should we care?

There is a 17-year gap between the publication of research which proves an intervention is efficacious and effective and the implementation of that same intervention into practice [1]. In behavioral health, only 14% of successful interventions are integrated into actual practice [2]. As such, Implementation Science is envisioned to address the research to practice gap. This research methodology becomes important as it looks to investigate how to get interventions to become embedded in practice and de-implement unproven or disproven interventions that may be harmful and/or ineffective for patients. The aim of this commentary is to raise awareness of health sciences librarians/information specialists about this research arena and encourage health sciences librarians to envision how they could be involved in implementation science projects and teams or even use implementation science in their practice.

A social science: Using psychoneuroimmunology principles to promote career longevity, productivity, and meaning

Over the past several decades, psychoneuroimmunologists have uncovered key principles (e.g., social support and stress management) that can inform future research content and conduct. That is, psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) can inform how scientists from all disciplines engage in the scientific method in a more sustainable manner. Dr. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser, a PNI pioneer, recently ended her long and celebrated career. Her unique engagement in the scientific method, including her mentorship style, is worthy of closer examination. As her final graduate student, I observed Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's science and mentorship style at their full maturity. Her scientific content, remarkable in its own right, is the subject of commentaries and accolades; yet, her scientific conduct – the foundation of her success and innovation – deserves further consideration. This article outlines ten research conduct principles that Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser explicitly and implicitly taught: (1) applying the literature to one's own health behaviors; (2) knowing and remembering “the why” behind the science; (3) developing and adhering to a vision; (4) creating a streamlined workflow; (5) embracing team science; (6) pursuing depth and breadth; (7) communicating ideas clearly; (8) engaging in a daily rhythm of science; (9) treating trainees like future primary investigators; and (10) working toward clinical meaningfulness. These principles correspond to PNI findings and account for her health and longevity as a scientist.

Virtual Clinical Trials - Implications of Computer Simulations and Artificial Intelligence for Musculoskeletal Research.

In silico clinical trials, particularly when augmented with artificial intelligence methods, represent an innovative approach with much to offer, particularly in the musculoskeletal field. They are a cost-effective, efficient, and ethical means of evaluating treatments and interventions by supplementing and/or augmenting traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs). While they are not a panacea and should not replace traditional RCTs, their integration into the research process promises to accelerate medical advancements and improve patient outcomes. To accomplish this, a multidisciplinary approach is needed, and collaboration is instrumental. With advances in computing and analytical prowess, and by adhering to the tenets of team science, realization of such a novel integrative approach toward clinical trials may not be far from providing far-reaching contributions to medical research. As such, by harnessing the power of in silico clinical trials, investigators can potentially unlock new possibilities in treatment and intervention for ultimately improving patient care and outcomes.

Synthesis methods of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones: review

1,2,4-Triazole-containing compounds are unique heterocyclic compounds present in an array of pharmaceuticals and biologically important compounds used in drug-discovery studies against cancer cells, microbes, and various types of diseases in the human body. The aim of the study was to analyze in detail and combine the available literature materials to study the reactions associated with the formation of different classes of derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione and to study their physical-chemical properties. Various innovative methods have been proposed and explored for synthesizing different classes of 1,2,4-triazole compounds, each with distinct applications and potential medicinal benefits. When analyzing the outcomes of studies aimed at obtaining new 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones, it’s crucial to recognize the multiple stages involved in their synthesis. These stages typically include the esterification of carboxylic acids, hydrazinolysis, the formation of carbothioamides, and thiones through alkaline cyclization. Subsequently, reactions involving the S-function are conducted, leading to the formation of various classes of derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole. The study by a team of scientists introduced a novel method for synthesizing imidazolyl- and imidazole-1,2,4-triazoles, targeting the design of safer analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. Moreover, researchers have successfully synthesized derivatives of 3-[2-(5-thio-4-aryl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)ethyl]quinoxalin-2(1H)-one, N-(3-thio-5-aryl-[1,2,4]triazole-4-yl)acylamides, 5-alkylthio-4-amino-3-(5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-thiomethyl)-1,2,4-triazole and 3-(5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-thiomethyl)-6-aryl-5,6-dihydrogen-1,2,4-triazole-[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 5,5’-(alkyldiyl-bis(sulfandiyl))bis(N-(arylidene)-3-thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-4-amines, 3-(arylsulfonyl)-4-phenyl-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole, expanding the scope of 1,2,4-triazole-based, compounds with potential pharmacological activities. Furthermore, the synthesis of molecules containing two 1,2,4-triazole and two benzole rings has gained traction, offering new avenues for drug development. Mannich bases were synthesized from the corresponding thiones through a reaction with N-methylpiperazine or N-phenylpiperazine in dimethylformamide in the presence of formaldehyde. Additionally, the synthesis of salts derived from 1,2,4-triazole highlights its importance in pharmaceutical formulations, with studies focusing on both organic and inorganic salts for potential therapeutic applications. Conclusions. The analysis of the above-mentioned publications indicates that the search for new biologically active compounds among derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones is promising. Many 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activity with little toxicity.

Bulb growth parameters of wild geophyte, giant snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii Hook. f.) in different media and nutrient solution recipes

Giant snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii Hook. f.) is reported on CITES lists as the most important wild-collected export flower bulb of Turkey. After the destruction caused by extensive collecting for many years, collection and trade have been controlled by the government since the late 1980’s. Export quotas are annually set by a technical committee, following field inspections by scientific teams. Small bulbs (under-sized) are also unintentionally collected from nature together with marketable sized bulbs (> 4 cm). Low success rate at cultivation of field grown snowdrop and loss of these small bulbs reveals the necessity of the studies on soilless culture. This study aimed to select the suitable growing media and mineral nutrition for snowdrop bulb production. Under-sized (unmarketable) bulbs of Galanthus elwesii Hook. f. were cultivated in four different growing media (perlite, coco-peat, soil, or spent mushroom compost + perlite) with four different nutrient solutions. The growing media affected most of the investigated parameters (sprouting time, sprouting ratio, total weight and increase ratio, number of harvested bulbs, and bulb grades). No significant effect of nutrient solutions was determined on the parameters. Spent mushroom compost + perlite appeared to be the most effective growing media.

Nurturing a positive research culture within your organization.

Positive research cultures provide the environment for scientists to explore ideas, grow as individuals, develop team science and create a positive impact on those around them. While positive research cultures need to grow from the kindness and integrity of team members, organization policy can either help or hinder this organic positive behavior. A focus on policies to enhance positive research culture can benefit even high-functioning organizations, by expanding and extending the benefits. Here we focus on key actionable areas to create and reinforce a positive research culture in your organization. We discuss the role of aligning staff recognition to the organization's missions, the influence of the organization unit and career structure on the research culture, the pyramid of building respectful interactions, the value of openness and transparency and the overarching goal of equality, diversity and inclusivity within the organization.

An Ethnographic Study of Patient Life Experience in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease in the United States and Germany.

Existing qualitative research on early-stage Parkinson's disease draws on patients' reported disease experience, aiming to capture the symptoms and impacts most relevant to patients living with the disease. As a complement to this research, the present study investigated the patient experience of early-stage Parkinson's disease from a holistic, ethnographic perspective. We explored the attitudes, beliefs, and social structures that shape how people understand and adapt to life with early-stage Parkinson's disease. Researchers interviewed 30 people with early-stage Parkinson's disease, 10 relatives, and 10 neurologists and movement disorder specialists in the USA and Germany. Many of these interviews took place in-person, allowing researchers to spend time in participants' homes and witness their daily lives. A multidisciplinary team of social scientists, clinical researchers, and patient organization representatives led the mixed-methods study design and analysis. In-depth ethnographic interviews yielded qualitative insights, with a quantitative survey following to assess their prevalence in a larger sample of 150 patients. In addition to developing a patient life experience pathway of early-stage Parkinson's disease, we identified five key thematic findings that provide insight into how the clinical features of the disease become meaningful to patients on the context of their daily lives, family relations, and subjective well-being: (1) People with early-stage Parkinson's disease start coming to terms with their disease before receiving a medical diagnosis; (2) Acceptance is not a finalized achievement, but a cyclical process; (3) People with early-stage Parkinson's disease "live in the moment" to make the future more manageable; (4) Slowing disease progression is an important goal driving the actions of people with early-stage Parkinson's; and (5) People with early-stage Parkinson's disease value information that is grounded in lived experience and relevant to their stage of disease progression. This holistic, ethnographic approach to patient life experience provided five key thematic findings that complement insights from qualitative and quantitative datasets on early-stage Parkinson's disease. An enhanced understanding of how early-stage Parkinson's symptoms impact patients' health-related quality of life and their broader social lives can help us better understand how patients make decisions about their usage of healthcare services and therapies.

Advancing vascularized composite allotransplantation: essential factors for upper extremity transplant program development.

Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) offers a unique option to restore form and function after limb loss or facial trauma that cannot be satisfactorily accomplished through traditional prosthetics or reconstructions. Establishing a successful Upper Extremity Transplantation (UET) program requires strong leadership and a structured surgical team, and extensive interdisciplinary collaboration. We conducted a qualitative study among 12 health care professionals and patients. Informed consent was obtained per protocol, and semi-structured interviews were conducted online and recorded. Participants reported their perceptions of factors that either favored or hindered a successful outcome, including functional status before and after surgery, preparation for transplant, shared decision-making, rehabilitation, and psychosocial support. Thematic analysis revealed that it is essential to establish a team comprising various disciplines well before performing VCA procedures. Defining a common goal and choosing a defined leader is a key factor in procedural success and requires open collaboration beyond what is typical. Primary described categories are interdisciplinary collaboration and skills of the VCA team, building and leading a VCA team, pre-transplant procedures, post-transplant course, and factors to consider when establishing a program. The basic roles of team science play an outsized role in establishing a VCA program. Transplantation medicine involves various overlapping scientific and medical categories requiring health professionals to consciously work together to establish complex vertical and horizontal communication webs between teams to obtain positive outcomes. In addition to medical considerations, patient-specific factors such as transparent communication, therapy plan establishment, plan adherence, and continual follow-up are significant factors to overall success.

Introduction to the Emerging Cognitive Science of Distributed Human-Autonomy Teams.

Teams are a fundamental aspect of life-from sports to business, to defense, to science, to education. While the cognitive sciences tend to focus on information processing within individuals, others have argued that teams are also capable of demonstrating cognitive capacities similar to humans, such as skill acquisition and forgetting (cf., Cooke, Gorman, Myers, & Duran, 2013; Fiore etal., 2010). As artificially intelligent and autonomous systems improve in their ability to learn, reason, interact, and coordinate with human teammates combined with the observation that teams can express cognitive capacities typically seen in individuals, a cognitive science of teams is emerging. Consequently, new questions are being asked about teams regarding teamness, trust, the introduction and effects of autonomous systems on teams, and how best to measure team behavior and phenomena. In this topic, four facets of human-autonomy team cognition are introduced with leaders in the field providing in-depth articles associated with one or more of the facets: (1) defining teams; (2) how trust is established, maintained, and repaired when broken; (3) autonomous systems operating as teammates; and (4) metrics for evaluating team cognition across communication, coordination, and performance.

“Two Sides of the Same Coin”: Benefits of Science–Art Collaboration and Field Immersion for Undergraduate Research Experiences

This study examined how incorporating art into an upper-level undergraduate field-based ecology research course influenced students’ communication and collaboration skills, their career goals, and how they conceptualized the scientific method. Student pairs designed an independent research study that used artwork and a scientific research poster to disseminate their findings at an end-of-term exhibit. Students enrolled in either a local or a (subsidized) travel abroad section of the course. Students in both sections found new or deeper connections between art and science, developed a more sophisticated understanding of the science method, became more confident with their science skills, and reported an expanded perspective on their future careers (often including field work and a wider geographic job search). Science–art student teams indicated they wanted more opportunities for collaborative work in the future, and that their final products were more professional due to their collaborations, as compared to science–science teams. Additionally, the travel abroad students benefitted from experiencing new ecosystems and cultures, from working with science and art professionals from other countries, and from working in an isolated field station without distractions.