Scientific Tasks Research Articles

Information-technical simulation of the elimination of the consequences of military actions and man-made disasters in the territory of Ukraine

The work is devoted to solving the scientific and practical task of modeling the elimination of the consequences of military operations and man-made disasters on the territory of Ukraine.Military actions and emergency situations are situations that lead to harmful social, economic and environmental consequences. In the crisis period, rescue measures are carried out, aimed at localizing the consequences of the manifestation of the sources of threat and increasing the survivability of regional components in the affected areas. Territorial distribution, heterogeneity, multi-connectivity and dynamism of impactful impacts and protective measures significantly complicate the processes of managing natural and man-made safety. The purpose of the article is to formulate the formulation of the problem of modeling the liquidation of the consequences of military operations and man-made disasters on the territory of Ukraine, using the principles of a systemic approach. The classification of sources of emergency situations based on the causes of their occurrence, different types of affected objects depending on the nature of behavior in extreme conditions, different types of protection resources that implement the necessary protective measures is given. To find the optimal plan for the use of forces and means of the man-made security system at the stage of liquidation of the consequences of military disasters and man-made disasters, a program-target approach to planning using the Pareto function of the system was used. Direct and inverse problems of finding the optimal plan are considered. The selection of objects for a direct task is carried out in order according to their priority. When solving the inverse problem, objects are selected until a given level of system effect is reached, which accumulates during the selection process. In crisis situations caused by dangerous events, it is important to take effective rescue measures to localize and reduce the consequences of accidental and threatening situations. The main goal of such measures is not only to increase the survivability of the regions in the affected areas, but also to ensure the rapid restoration of the normal functioning of society after the crisis.

Основные подходы к финансовым и институциональным условиям возникновения научно-образовательных консорциумов

Currently, scientific and educational consortia are becoming increasingly popular forms of collective action in the field of science and education. They are turning from static structures into dynamic communities that have a high degree of flexibility and are able to quickly respond to new challenges and trends. Consortia bring together universities, research centers, companies and other organizations in order to jointly perform scientific and educational tasks, exchange information and resources. Using their capabilities, such groups can achieve great results that are not available to one person or one organization. In science and education, various models of cooperation are used, which contribute to the creation of scientific and educational consortia. By a decree of the Russian government dated May 13, 2021, the Priority 2030 Strategic Academic Leadership program was adopted, which is aimed at supporting universities and stimulating their participation in achieving the national development goals of the country. Consortia are an important mechanism for the implementation of this program. The strategic academic Leadership program "Priority 2030" has become an important incentive for the development of consortia in the field of education and increased funding for universities. According to the data of form VPO-2, reviewed in this article, there has been an increase in the volume of cash receipts since 2021. The analysis of the main advantages of Scientific and Educational consortia shows that consortia allow solving complex tasks that are inaccessible to one scientist or educational institution. In addition, consortia ensure efficient use of resources, which is especially important in conditions of limited budgets.

Influence of the Grid Inclination Angle on the Efficiency of Preliminary Separation of the Combed Heap

Introduction. A highly topical scientific and practical task is to justify the choice of the most advanced variant of the device for pre-separating the combed heap and to optimize its design. Aim of the Study. The study is aimed at testing the effect of the grid inclination angle on the effectiveness of pre-separating the combed heap. Materials and Methods. It is possible to minimize the separated grain flow into the threshing machine either by means of a feeder house grid bottom or by means of a horizontal separating device, located directly in front of the threshing drum. To select the optimal design of the separation device, there was planned and conducted a laboratory experiment. The study was carried out in two stages. In the first series of experiments, the elevator body was installed horizontally, and in the second series – at an angle of 45° to the horizon. The width of the grid bottom openings had four variations (6, 8, 10 and 12 mm), and the speed of the scraper conveyor was 3 m/s. A combed heap of the winter wheat variety Moskovskaya 56 was selected as the study object. The grain moisture was 12%. Results.According to the results of laboratory studies, it was found that with an increase in the width of the grid surface openings, the intensity of separating grain increases. The maximum device throughput (90%) corresponds to the horizontal position of the grid bottom of the experimental installation and the width of the openings b = 12 mm. Extrapolation of the separated grain decreasing graph indicates that to ensure complete separation of grain, the length of the separating grid should be at least L = 0.9 m. Discussion and Conclusion. The use of a horizontal separating grid allows increasing the device separation efficiency and reducing its metal content by 14–16%.

Особенности оценки углеродного следа в сельском хозяйстве: сравнительный анализ методических подходов

The study of the components of the carbon balance and the possibilities of its regulation for different types of land use is an urgent scientific task within the framework of the global problem of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the development of the concept of carbon neutrality. In this article, an assessment of the carbon footprint of the farm was carried out based on an analysis of the capabilities of carbon calculators Cool Farm Tool, AgRe-Calc, Farm Carbon and Ex-Act V9.4, as well as the Methodology for quantitative determination of greenhouse gas absorption volumes, approved by Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation No. 371 dated 05/27/2022. Calculations were carried out using the example of the farm located in the Burlinsky region of the Altai region. The results of the study showed that the largest carbon footprint of the considered farm is formed by the cultivation of flax, somewhat smaller by sun-flower and wheat crops, and the lowest by fodder crops. Differences in estimates based on different methods are recorded not only in the resulting total carbon footprints, but also in the structure of the carbon footprint for each crop. In general, in Russia and abroad there are different approaches to determining the carbon footprint. The approach used in carbon calculators assumes that all carbon generated in one way or another during economic activity forms a carbon footprint, while the 2022 methodology of the Ministry of Natural Resources also takes agriculture into account as an important sink and carbon reservoir.

Formation of all-Russian civil identity in the context of regional elites' activities (on the materials of the North Caucasus)

The general socio-political situation in the region is analyzed, the centrifugal and centripetal forces that determine the very nature of politics in the region through the prism of ethnic and civic forms of identity are considered. The emergence of new points of ethnopolitical and ethno-religious tension, chauvinistic tendencies, and anti-Semitic sentiments demonstrate a fairly high level of conflict potential and the severity of nationalist manifestations in the region. Such conflict behavior is most often provoked from the outside, including through the use of modern information resources, social networks, using manipulative technologies that have an impact on the masses. These processes indicate the existence of socio-cultural and religious grounds for the growth of discriminatory rhetoric and clashes. The study of these problems is an urgent scientific task in the context of transformation and transit of local identity features. The article also analyzes various forms and approaches of identity formation in the North Caucasus, highlights common and special factors, contradictions in the development of general civil attitudes. The national composition is considered, the role of regional actors in the political management and development of the region is highlighted separately. These issues carry elements of novelty and relevance. The work uses specialized political science techniques: the method of analyzing a specific situation - case-study, secondary analysis of sociological research data. Along with private scientific methods and approaches, general scientific methods and approaches are also used in the study: historical and philosophical methods and approaches (dialectics, the principle of historicism), the system integrative method, comparative studies. In conclusion, recommendations are presented aimed at solving the problems of forming the civil identity of the peoples of the North Caucasus, through the transition of ethnic forms of identity to all-Russian ones.

Моделювання стійкості та надійності системи грунт-фундамент-будівля при дії силових та високотемпературних впливів

Given the great potential of using the underground space under construction, the question arises of ensuring the stability and reliability of the soil-foundation-building system for the timely detection of signs of destruction, soil subsidence or material fatigue of structures. The analysis of literary sources and the set research tasks were carried out. An urgent scientific and technical task is the development of a numerical model and methodology for the complex calculation of avalanche-like collapse of buildings and structures in the event of fire and explosions, taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of soils and their properties. In the course of research, a numerical model was developed with the help of LIRA-SAPR software and a numerical simulation of a four-story car park (parking lot) was carried out, taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of soils and their properties, which will later be used to simulate an avalanche-like collapse in the event of a fire (explosion). . For this, the first stage was the construction of a model of a four-story car park (parking lot): creating an initial project (determining the dimensions and characteristics of the building, choosing the necessary parameters for modeling - height, width, length, location of entrances and exits, placement of cars); creating a 3D model in the SAPPHIRE 3D program (using tools to build a building: walls, ceiling, floors, stairs, elevators, etc., adding parking elements); setting model parameters (specifying materials for building elements, setting parameters for calculating loads); model analysis and problem solving (checking the model for errors, correcting parameters to achieve optimal results); performing calculations and analyzing the results; preparation of the report and conclusions. In the second stage, the model was checked in the PC "LIRA-SAPR", the soil array was built in the soil module. Works include: import of the model to "LIRA-SAPR"; analysis of the model for compliance (checking the geometry and dimensions of the building in LIRA-CAD, checking the presence of the necessary structural elements and their parameters); creation of a soil massif (starting the soil module as part of LIRA-SAPR, selecting parameters for building a soil massif - soil type, depth, load parameters, etc.); construction of the soil massif (using the tools of the soil module to construct the soil massif under the building, specifying parameters of depth, levels, soil properties, etc.); analysis of the impact of the soil mass on the structure (calculations to determine the impact of soil pressure on the building structure, analysis of the results of the engineering and geological characteristics of the soil mass on the need for correction of the building structure); model correction and re-analysis (making changes to the building model or soil mass parameters, re-analysis of the influence of the soil mass on the structure to determine the appropriate changes and corrections).

Математичне моделювання динамічних впливів на будівельні конструкції

The solution of the problem of mathematical modeling of dynamic influences on building structures is considered in general and in connection with important scientific and practical tasks. In modern conditions, special attention should be paid to the problems of taking into account dynamic influences, parameters of load-bearing structures of buildings that affect their structural reliability and safety. For many years, information about catastrophic destruction of buildings and structures has been appearing more often, which are the result not only of errors that arose during the construction of facilities, but also due to dynamic influences that arose during their operation. A buildable technical system will be used in advance with the technical parameters set, which is responsible for the control of the process of the preparation of structures, the installation of the equipment, during the operation and operation. The development will be carried out and the sporud will be constantly used to promote the development of future technologies, the development and the establishment of the future, as well as the development of dynamic developments in the future. In particular, it is important to understand the development of the engineering and geological minds of the spores, as they have known the front deformation of the non-essential axis of the runt foundations. Various methods are used for structural dynamics, such as modal analysis, response spectrum analysis, time analysis, and finite element analysis. These methods include mathematical modeling, numerical simulation, and computational methods to predict the behavior and response of a structure under dynamic load conditions. Knowing the frequency and form of the structure, it is possible to estimate the dynamic reaction of the design to the application. For the purpose of including the transfer of the world, the destruction of internal forces in the real parts of the construction. Analyses of the response to the additional assessment of the characteristics of the construction, the identification of critical areas and the re-conversion, which the project is able to meet the criteria.

Theoretical analysis of the problem of developing personal resilience

Military operations on the territory of Ukraine have a devastating impact on the entire population of the state. Daily shelling, participation in combat, loss of loved ones, and the experience of prolonged stressful situations affect all areas of the population's life and, in particular, their psychological and mental health. An important task of modern psychological science is to explore ways to develop constructive ways to overcome stressful situations and develop personal resilience and counteract difficult life circumstances.In recent years, the study of the problem of resilience as the ability to resist life's difficulties has been actively developing. The study of this problem helps to solve many problems of practical psychology, since the development of resilience and the ability to resist stressful situations is a necessary component of the personality in wartime.The article presents a theoretical generalization of scientific approaches to the study of the concept of resilience. The main directions in the study of resilience of foreign and domestic authors are revealed. Various factors and determinants that influence the development of resilience as a process of resistance to stress are analyzed. The historical dynamics of understanding and studying the concept of resilience and the study of the development of personality resilience are presented.Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, we can distinguish the following scientific generalizations of the concept of resilience: it has a dynamic nature and biological basis, is an important prerequisite for successful adaptation and development of the individual, can be considered in social, biological or psychological aspects, its development depends not on the living conditions of a person, but on his/her perception of life difficulties, during the emergence of difficult living conditions, as well as in the process of experiencing life difficulties, a person is capable of post-traumatic growth and resilience.There are four stages in the study of the concept of resilience:1. Identification of signs based on longitudinal studies of children's defensive functions.2. Identification of the process. During this stage, the focus of the study changes from defensive factors to consideration of human resilience processes.3. The third stage is based on the first and second, it actively considers resilience as a mechanism that leads to positive human adaptation in adverse conditions.4. The fourth stage was caused by the development of technologies that allowed to study resilience more qualitatively with the help of psychodiagnostic tools.It has been established that resilience is an individual ability to counteract and find constructive methods of overcoming stressful situations, an important prerequisite for mental adaptation and personality development. Resilience depends on the influence of external (social) factors and individual psychological factors.

Artificial-Intelligence-Based Surrogate Solution of Dissipative Quantum Dynamics: Physics-Informed Reconstruction of the Universal Propagator.

The accurate (or even approximate) solution of the equations that govern the dynamics of dissipative quantum systems remains a challenging task in quantum science. While several algorithms have been designed to solve those equations with different degrees of flexibility, they rely mainly on highly expensive iterative schemes. Most recently, deep neural networks have been used for quantum dynamics, but current architectures are highly dependent on the physics of the particular system and usually limited to population dynamics. Here we introduce an artificial-intelligence-based surrogate model that solves dissipative quantum dynamics by parametrizing quantum propagators as Fourier neural operators, which we train using both data set and physics-informed loss functions. Compared with conventional algorithms, our quantum neural propagator avoids time-consuming iterations and provides a universal superoperator that can be used to evolve any initial quantum state for arbitrarily long times. To illustrate the wide applicability of the approach, we employ our quantum neural propagator to compute the population dynamics and time-correlation functions of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex.

A TIRELESS WORKER: THE LIFE AND WORK OF V.D. DIMITRIEV ACCORDING TO THE DOCUMENTS OF THE PERSONAL FUND OF THE STATE HISTORICAL ARCHIVE OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC

The legacy of outstanding scientific figures, whose prominent representative was Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor V.D. Dimitriev, attracts attention due to its opportunity to comprehend fundamentally elaborated research papers, the experience in organizing their own and collective scientific work, teaching and active social activities. The purpose of the study is to attract the attention of specialists to the large documentary personal fund of V.D. Dimitriev, formed on the basis of materials received by the State Historical Archives of the Chuvash Republic. This institution keeps documents mainly characterizing him as an organizer of science, a statesman and a public figure, and a highly qualified teacher. Methods and materials. The article is based on a systematic review of the materials contained in the personal fund of V.D. Dimitriev. They are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, and based on their analysis, the activities of V.D. Dimitriev as a researcher and director of the Chuvash Scientific Research Institute of Language, Literature, History and Economics, professor and head of the department at I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University are uncovered. Some of the documents show the social activities of the scientist. Study results. The article uses specific examples to characterize such qualities of a talented researcher and a skilled organizer as the ability to set scientific tasks, to control the progress and verify the results of their execution. Numerous documents testify to the great efficiency of the scientist, scrupulousness in writing both large and small scientific texts, perfectionism, first of all to himself, as well as to colleagues. Concrete examples show how V.D. Dimitriev created a system for organizing scientific activities at the institute he headed, which shows its effectiveness to this day. The documents show that he was constantly engaged in its improvement. The deposited materials reflect the historian’s diverse interests, and show his significant role as a propagandist of scientific knowledge not only among colleagues, but also among the general public. The article pays much attention to his social activities. Conclusions. The authors are convinced that the documents of V.D. Dimitriev’s personal fund can be used in studying the personality of the scientist himself, they also reflect the trends in the development of humanities in the Chuvash ASSR as a whole, allow an inside look at the activities of the Historical and Philological (Historical) Faculty of I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University and the Chuvash State Institute of Humanities. The extensive correspondence conducted by V.D. Dimitriev on his administrative and scientific work characterizes many domestic and foreign scientists with whom he was in contact, which can be used in biographical research, uncover the scientific relations between researchers of Chuvashia and colleagues from other regions.

Engineering an Exact Pseudo-Boolean Model Counter

Model counting, a fundamental task in computer science, involves determining the number of satisfying assignments to a Boolean formula, typically represented in conjunctive normal form (CNF). While model counting for CNF formulas has received extensive attention with a broad range of applications, the study of model counting for Pseudo-Boolean (PB) formulas has been relatively overlooked. Pseudo-Boolean formulas, being more succinct than propositional Boolean formulas, offer greater flexibility in representing real-world problems. Consequently, there is a crucial need to investigate efficient techniques for model counting for PB formulas. In this work, we propose the first exact Pseudo-Boolean model counter, PBCount , that relies on knowledge compilation approach via algebraic decision diagrams. Our extensive empirical evaluation shows that PBCount can compute counts for 1513 instances while the current state-of-the-art approach could only handle 1013 instances. Our work opens up several avenues for future work in the context of model counting for PB formulas, such as the development of preprocessing techniques and exploration of approaches other than knowledge compilation.

Directions and forms of modern national choral performance

The purpose of this paper is to examine the trends and forms of modern national choral performance.
 The methodology is based on the use of systematic, terminological, ethnographic and interpretive methods of analysis.
 The results. Choral performance is a component of choral culture, a communicative system formed in the process of building a performing interpretation and its realization. The need to comprehend the directions of modern choral performance with the identification of forms of its existence in society is an urgent task of the national choral science. As a result of the analysis of the performing versions of choral and orchestral choral works, the following directions of modern performing choral practice have been identified. The academic direction is represented, in particular: E. Stankovych’s “Ukraine. Music of War” performed by the National Academic Chapel “Dumka” (artistic director E. Savchuk) and the National Academic Symphony Orchestra (conductor V. Sirenko) — in the form of a concert at the closing of the XXXIV International Festival “Kyiv Music Fest-2023”; performance interpretation of “Misatango” (“Misa a Buenos Aires”) by M. Palmeri by the choir and symphony orchestra of M. D. Leontovych Vinnytsia Professional College of Arts, the ensemble of modern dance “Grotesque” in the form of visualization within the framework of the anniversary concert; “Psalms of War” by E. Stankovych in the performance version of the choir and symphony orchestra of the Lviv National Opera House, conducted by I. Cherednichenko, directed by V. Vovkun, choirmaster — V. Yatsenko, media artist — O. Kindrativ — a theatrical musical performance; “My childhood was killed in the war” (modern songs arranged by R. Tolmachov and poems by L. Kostenko) was presented by the girls’ choir “Vohonik” (O. Solovei) and the Choir of Boys and Young Men “Dzvinochok” (R. Tolmachov) in the form of a performance. The performance version of E. Petrychenko’s choral symphony-performance “Illuminated by the Black Sun” (Choir of the National Opera of Ukraine, chief choirmaster B. Plish) is a synthesis of performance and theatrical choral action. The folk direction is represented by the show-project “We Are Ukrainians” (Hryhorii Verovka National Honored Choir: artistic director I. Kuryliv, production director H. Nenov).
 At the present stage, the pop-jazz direction is characterized by the creation of concerts and projects in which the pop-jazz style of sound production is chosen in accordance with the style of the works performed.
 The virtual form of presentation of choral works is represented by both choral groups of artistic institutions and all-Ukrainian projects.
 Conclusions. As a result of a brief analysis of the current state of national choral performance:
 
 the following directions in terms of the manner of sound formation were identified: academic, folk, pop-jazz and their synthesis;
 the typology of forms of presentation of choral works has been created:
 
 – concert. According to the theme, they are divided into the following types: concert as such, authorial, anniversary, reporting, memorial, gala concert;
 – performance, theatrical performance, show project, visualization, which are types of theatricalization as a method of interpreting a choral work;
 – virtual project (video presentation of a choral work, video clip, video concert, etc.).

On the analysis-readiness of spatio-temporal Earth data and suggestions for its enhancement

Data about the Earth, like in many other domains, are too difficult to access. In order to perform some insight-gaining task a series of steps has to be performed which often require a spectrum of detail technology skills which are not related to the original Earth science task on hand. Special-purpose file formats with sometimes rather peculiar mechanics, juggling with horizontal, vertical, and time reference systems, and scaling up processing to large amounts of data are just a few of such common issues. One reason is that data often are provided in a more generator-centric (where generator can be a sensor or a program, such a weather forecast) than user-centric manner, which might be called “too upstream”.As is well-known, this hinders EO exploitation significantly, making such tasks impossible to conquer for non-experts and tedious for experts. For the desirable, user-friendly opposite the term Analysis-Ready Data (ARD) has been coined by the USGS Landsat team and has gone viral since.However, despite significant work, such as in CEOS, and visible progress – ultimately it is by no means clear what ARD exactly means and how it can be achieved.In this paper, we take a fresh look focusing on spatio-temporal raster data, i.e., datacubes, modeled as coverages according to the authoritative OGC and ISO standards. The Holy Grail of this study is automatic data fusion of Earth data. Based on long-term own practice (and suffering) we list shortcomings and propose ways forward, including research and standardization directions.

Experience analysis of automation and robotization of the container terminal operation

The paper reviews the existing approaches to automation of both transshipment equipment and technological operations performed at container terminals. It is pointed out that automation and robotization of warehousing and port operational processes is one of the current global trends in the development of cargo transshipment and temporary storage technologies at seaport berths. Therefore, the search, accumulation and systematization of a lot of information about practical developments in this area of transport industry is one of the scientific tasks in choosing the direction of the dissertation research "Technology, arrangement and management of transshipment processes in ports". On the basis of the studied domestic and foreign experience in the field of arrangement of the management system of the sea container terminal the operational processes in which the object of automation was transshipment technology were classified. The unification of individual methods of automation of operational processes into groups (levels of automation) was made on the basis of the classification criteria "the number of automated equipment units ". Unstructured data presented as primary source information on the websites of manufacturers of transshipment equipment, as well as secondary open scientific data were the sources of information for the scientific research.

Histomorphology of the ovaries of rabbits does during ovulation induced by the combined use of gonadotropins

Hormonal stimulation of folliculogenesis is a general method of increasing reproductive capacity in rabbits; however, studying the safety of the developed protocols remains an urgent scientific task. The use of hormonal agents is due to the physiological characteristics of rabbits, primarily coitus-dependent mechanisms of ovulation. Applying gonadotropin-releasing analogs depends on mature follicles ready for ovulation in the ovary. It, therefore, has limited effectiveness for rabbits of the “zero” cycle that have not yet given birth. Therefore, such females are recommended to use medications based on gonadotropins obtained from the serum of foal mares (eCG) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). There is limited data on the combined use of gonadotropins, especially the long-term administration in different doses. Thus, the research aimed to conduct a morphological evaluation of rabbit's ovaries with combined serum and chorionic gonadotropins to stimulate folliculogenesis before artificial insemination to assess the safety of the proposed dosages and long-term administration. Stimulation of ovulation in rabbits of experimental groups was caused by the combined use of serum and chorionic gonadotropins (eCG – 400 IU; hCG – 200 IU) for experimental groups 1 and 2 at a dose of 40 IU and 24 IU, respectively. Females of the control group were induced to ovulate by subcutaneous injection of 0.2 ml of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog. Ovaries were collected on the seventh day of gestation after the euthanasia of the rabbit with prior premedication. After dissection and macroscopic examination, the ovaries were fixed in a 10% aqueous solution of neutral formalin. Histological slides were made according to the general method by pouring in paraffin and subsequent staining with hematoxylin and eosin. The research has established that repeated (during five reproductive cycles) combined use of serum and chorionic gonadotropins has dose-dependent effectiveness and can cause dysfunction of ovaries and blood circulation. Pathological changes may acquire a systemic character with the manifestation of critical conditions for the health and life of rabbits. The stimulating effect of the combined use of eCG and hCG was detected at a dose of 40 IU, and the inhibition of folliculogenesis was observed at 24 IU. Since the premises for the hyperandrogenism were found microscopically, it was essential to investigate the level of androgens in the blood of rabbits after using a dose of 24 IU. At the same time, both doses of gonadotropins affect the reactivity of the endothelium, which is manifested by the presence of intravascular vesicles and changes in the rheological properties of blood.

Multi-objective and multi constrained task scheduling framework for computational grids

Grid computing emerged as a powerful computing domain for running large-scale parallel applications. Scheduling computationally intensive parallel applications such as scientific, commercial etc., computational grids is a NP-complete problem. Many researchers have proposed several task scheduling algorithms on grids based on formulating and solving it as an optimization problem with different objective functions such as makespan, cost, energy etc. Further to address the requirements/demands/needs of the users (lesser cost, lower latency etc.) and grid service providers (high utilization and high profitability), a task scheduler needs to be designed based on solving a multi-objective optimization problem due to several trade-offs among the objective functions. In this direction, we propose an efficient multi-objective task scheduling framework to schedule computationally intensive tasks on heterogeneous grid networks. This framework minimizes turnaround time, communication, and execution costs while maximizing grid utilization. We evaluated the performance of our proposed algorithm through experiments conducted on standard, random, and scientific task graphs using the GridSim simulator.

Research of the mechanism of innovation implementation in the activities of Russian enterprises

In the conditions of globalization and development of information technologies, the competition of enterprises on national and international scales is significantly aggravated, which determines the importance of ensuring competitive advantages for any enterprise through innovation. In modern conditions, the effectiveness of innovation activity of the enterprise and, accordingly, its competitiveness depends primarily on the completeness and reliability of business information about the activities of counterparties and the conditions of the external environment. The value of informing about possible changes in the business environment has a manifestation through the prevention of tactical and strategic errors of enterprise management. Innovative development is the basis of competitiveness of modern economies, which provides the possibility of accelerated growth at macro- and micro-levels on the basis of creation and strengthening of intellectual potential in the global business environment. Despite the presence of significant conditions for qualitative changes on an innovative basis, the Russian Federation continues to be in a complex highly turbulent period of unstable growth. Therefore, the task of domestic economic science is to find mechanisms for the implementation of modern management of innovative development in the practice of enterprises in the Russian Federation, systematizing and developing its methodology. This requires an in-depth scientific study in the direction of searching for conceptual foundations for the activation of innovative development of enterprises to make a technological leap in the Russian Federation, in particular, on the basis of attracting breakthrough innovations, modern concepts of knowledge management, formation of relevant business models, management of high added value processes and the use of information and communication technologies in the digital space.

Humanitarian import substitution: Some results and current tasks of the Russian social science

The relevance of the issues under consideration is determined by the recent fundamental social-political transformations associated with the exacerbation of a complex set of cultural, civilizational and, thus, intellectual contradictions between Russia and the West. These contradictions force both the Russian society and the Russian social science to reconsider the results of the last thirty years and to predict future scenarios, including intellectual ones. The article summarizes some results of the development of the Russian social science in the post-Soviet period and discusses (at least invites to a discussion) the possible contours of its further development according to the new logic of social processes. The article considers both the achievements of the Russian social-humanitarian thought in the post-Soviet period and its problems, primarily the loss of intellectual independence due to the uncritical borrowing and dogmatization of many Western intellectual models, some of which were created to understand a different social-cultural reality, and others were initially an intellectual weapon against the USSR (Russia). The author proposes the concept of “humanitarian import substitution” as a possible guideline for further development, which should be implemented on the principle of avoiding extremes: on the one hand, uncritical denial of the generally significant achievements of the Western social science and humanities; on the other hand, dogmatization of the ideas of Russian social scientists. The author considers as a resource for such “substitution” the largely untapped analytical and explanatory potential of the Russian literary tradition that can become a theoretical-methodological basis for many social and humanitarian models and concepts.

Synthesis, physico-chemical properties and biological activity of 3-(aminophenyl)propionic and 2-amino-2-phenyl butyric acid hexafluosilicates

It is known that dental caries is a serious problem for the health care systems of most countries of the world, and the search for new effective and safe means of treatment and prevention of caries remains an urgent task of modern pharmaceutical science. At the same time, fluoride preparations remain the most effective and widely used in the modern arsenal of means for fighting caries. In recent years, ammonium hexafluorosilicates have been actively studied as potential caries preventive agents due to some advantages compared to traditional means of fluoride caries therapy. The aim of the work, which continues the earlier research of ammonium hexafluorosilicates with aromatic amino acid cations, is the synthesis, establishment of physicochemical properties and biological activity of 3-(3-aminophenyl)propionic, 3-(4-aminophenyl)propionic, 2-amino-2- phenylbutyric acid hexafluorosilicates as potential caries preventive agents. 3-(3-Aminophenyl)propionic, 3-(4-aminophenyl)propionic, 2-amino-2-phenylbutyric acid hexafluorosilicates (I–III, respectively) were synthesized in near-quantitative yields by reacting methanolic solutions of the corresponding amino acids with excess 45% silicon hydrofluoric acid. The isolated complexes were identified using the methods of elemental analysis, IR, NMR, 19F and mass spectroscopy. The solubility of I–III in water was established, which is 0.11–0.32 mol. %. The researched compounds I–III and reference drugs – NaF and (NH4)2SiF6 – were introduced into gels based on the Na-salt of carboxymethylcellulose, which were applied to the teeth and gums of rats. In an experiment on an experimental caries model, it was established that the caries preventive efficiency (СPE) of NaF, (NH4)2SiF6, I–III is 30.3%, 44.7%, 23.7%, 38.5%, 26.3%, respectively, that is, only the СPE of compound II exceeds the corresponding indicator for the reference preparation NaF by 1.27 times, while the СPE values of compounds I and III are inferior to both reference preparations. All studied fluoride preparations effectively normalize the biochemical indicators of dental pulp and homogenate of the oral mucosa of rats (phosphatase, elastase, urease and lysozyme activities, malondialdehyde level) that were on a cariogenic diet, and hexafluorosilicates in some cases are more effective compared to NaF.

Разработка комбинированной подземной геотехнологии с целенаправленным изменением структуры горного массива

The paper presents the design of a combined mining system that ensures favourable mining conditions for the development of ore reserves in conditions of unstable host rocks. The technology provides targeted transformation of the rock mass structure through the use of various technological solutions, which contribute to increasing the productivity of stoping, creation of a enclosing layer with increased strength to enable application of the high-performance room-and-pillar mining system. This approach allows efficient extraction of reserves located within an unstable host rock mass. Application of the developed option of the combined room-and-pillar system results in improved mining conditions and enhanced efficiency of stoping. The idea that when each subsequent section of the deposit located in ever more challenging conditions and having ever lower ore grades is introduced into mining, it is necessary to carry out a targeted technogenic transformation of the rock mass, i.e. to create favourable mining, geological, engineering and geomechanical conditions of its operation, is an important scientific and practical task of mining technology