Science Fund Project Research Articles

Modulational instability, quantum breathers and two-breathers in a frustrated ferromagnetic spin lattice under an external magnetic field**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11604121), the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, China (Grant Nos. 16B210 and 16A170), and the Natural Science Fund Project of Jishou University, China (Grant No. jdx17036).

The modulational instability, quantum breathers and two-breathers in a frustrated easy-axis ferromagnetic zig-zag chain under an external magnetic field are investigated within the Hartree approximation. By means of a linear stability analysis, we analytically study the discrete modulational instability and analyze the effect of the frustration strength on the discrete modulational instability region. Using the results from the discrete modulational instability analysis, the presence conditions of those stationary bright type localized solutions are presented. On the other hand, we obtain the analytical expressions for the stationary bright localized solutions and analyze the effect of the frustration on their emergence conditions. By taking advantage of these bright type single-magnon bound wave functions obtained, quantum breather states in the present frustrated ferromagnetic zig-zag lattice are constructed. What is more, the analytical forms for quantum two-breather states are also obtained. In particular, the energy level formulas of quantum breathers and two-breathers are derived.

Corrigendum] Correlation between the expression of IL‑18 and deep venous thrombosis.

In the above paper, the authors realize that an error inadvertently appeared in the funding section on p.895. Where "This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Science Fund Project (grant no.30960389 and 8176010097)" was written, the application number8176010097 was featured incorrectly: This should have been written as grant no.81760030. Therefore, this sentence in the funding section should have read as follows: "This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Science Fund Project (grant nos.30960389 and 81760030)". The authors regret this error was not noticed prior to the publication, and apologize to their funding body and to the readership of the Journal for any inconvenience caused. [the original article was published in International Journal of Molecular Medicine 42:883-896, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3682].

Abstract 1674: Novel direct AMPK activator suppresses non-small cell lung cancer through inhibition of lipid metabolism

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality. While non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histological type of lung cancer and dominates almost 85% of all lung cancer cases. Conventional therapy, such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, scarify normal cells during the curing progress are becoming unfavorable. To avoid harmful side-effect on normal cell, target-based therapy is the mainstream of modern cancer therapy. For example, gefitinib is a clinically-marketed drug which acts as tyrosine kinase inhibitor to inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating signaling pathway. For the NSCLC patients who harbor activating substitution from leucine to arginine at amino acid 858 (L858R) point mutation and in-frame exon 19 deletion on EGFR, response well to gefitinib and these two common mutation are used a biomarkers for gefitinib prescription. However, gefitinib-resistance commonly happens due to further substitution mutation from threonine to methionine at amino acid position 790 (T790M) occurred after one year or less gefitinib treatment. Therefore, developing new treatment strategy to tackle gefitinib-resistance is urgently. Abnormal energy metabolism is accepted as new cancer hallmark. Recently, a metabolism rate-limiting enzyme 5'-adenosine menophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has become a promising anti-cancer target. In this study, we have applied computational docking to perform in silico virtual screening, and we have identified a novel direct AMPK agonist, D561-0775 from a compound library. Using enzyme activation assay, we demonstrated that D561-0775 activates directly on AMPK α subunit. In addition, D561-0775 exhibited significant inhibitory effect on gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines but is less cytotoxicity on normal lung fibroblast cells. D561-0775 also activates AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, resulting in induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, suppressing glycolysis and cholesterol synthesis in gefitinib-resistant H1975 lung cancer cells. Taken together, D561-0775 has provided clue on a new chemical structure that could be developed as cancer drug for gefitinib-resistant NSCLC patients through inhibition lipid metabolism by directly targeting at AMPK directly. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by Macau Science and Technology Development Fund (Project No: 021/2013/A1, 074/2011/A3 & 082/2013/A3) Citation Format: Xi Chen, Chun Xie, Xing Xing Fan, Ze Bo Jiang, Vincent Wong, Jia Hui Xu, Xiao Jun Yao, Liang Liu, Elaine L. Leung. Novel direct AMPK activator suppresses non-small cell lung cancer through inhibition of lipid metabolism [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1674.

Heat capacity measurements of CaAlSiO4F from 5 to 850 K and its standard entropy

This work was financed by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) project P28724 (E.D.), which is gratefully acknowledged

Capturing Functional Long Non-Coding RNAs Through Integrating Large-Scale Causal Relations from Gene Perturbation Experiments

Characterizing functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains a major challenge, mostly due to the lack of lncRNA-involved regulatory relationships. A wide array of genome-wide expression profiles generated by gene perturbation have been widely used to capture causal links between perturbed genes and response genes. Through annotating more than 600 gene perturbation profiles, over 354,000 causal relationships between perturbed genes and lncRNAs were identified. This large-scale resource of causal relations inspired us to develop a novel computational approach LnCAR for inferring lncRNAs' functions, which showed a higher accuracy than the co-expression based approach. By application of LnCAR to the cancer hallmark processes, we identified 38 lncRNAs involved in distinct carcinogenic processes. The activating invasion & metastasis related lncRNAs were strongly associated with metastatic progression in various cancer types and could act as a predictor of cancer metastasis. Meanwhile, the evading immune destruction related lncRNAs showed significant associations with immune infiltration of various immune cells and, importantly, can predict response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, suggesting their potential roles as biomarkers for immune therapy. Taken together, our approach provides a novel way to systematically reveal functions of lncRNAs, which will be helpful for further experimental exploration and clinical translational research of lncRNAs. Funding: This work was supported in part by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [863 Program, Grant Nos. 2014AA021102], the National Program on Key Basic Research Project [973 Program, Grant Nos. 2014CB910504], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Nos. 91439117, 61473106, 61573122], the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M600260), Wu lien-teh youth science fund project of Harbin medical university [Grant Nos. WLD-QN1407], Special funds for the construction of higher education in Heilongjiang Province [Grant Nos. UNPYSCT-2016049], and the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Foundation (LBH-Z16098). Declaration of Interest: We declare that we have no competing financial interests regarding this work. There are no relationships with industry.

富营养化对白洋淀底栖-浮游耦合食物网结构和功能的影响

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 富营养化对白洋淀底栖-浮游耦合食物网结构和功能的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201701060057 作者: 作者单位: 河北科技大学,河北科技大学,河北科技大学,河北科技大学,河北科技大学,河北科技大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41601547）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（2015CB458900）；河北省自然科学基金项目（D2017208003）；河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才项目（BJ2017013） Effects of eutrophication on the benthic-pelagic coupling food web in Baiyangdian Lake Author: Affiliation: Hebei University of Science and Technology,,,Hebei University of Science and Technology,,Hebei University of Science and Technology Fund Project: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (41601547) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:国际湖沼学的长期研究发现，一个完整的湖泊生态系统应包括底栖食物网和浮游食物网，而营养条件变化会显著改变浅水湖泊中底栖-浮游食物网的结构和功能。为了明晰富营养化对浅水湖泊底栖-浮游耦合食物网结构和功能的影响，以浅水草型湖泊——白洋淀为研究区，运用野外监测和ECOSIM与ECOPATH（EwE）模型相结合方法，构建白洋淀底栖-浮游耦合食物网的概念模型，模拟1982-2011年间富营养化对白洋淀底栖路径和浮游路径的结构和功能影响：（1）野外监测的结果表明，从1999年至今白洋淀一直处于富营养化状态；（2）EwE模型模拟结果表明1982-2006年，总生物量呈下降趋势，下降比例达66.38%；能流路径从以底栖路径为主转变为以浮游路径为主；（3）运用Pearson相关分析，结果表明：浮游植物与TN（r=0.67，P < 0.01）和TP（r=0.37，P < 0.05）呈显著正相关，而底栖藻类和大型沉水植物与TN（r=0.77，P < 0.01；r=0.67，P < 0.01）和TP（r=0.54，P < 0.01；r=0.36，P < 0.05）呈显著负相关。富营养化是白洋淀底栖初级和次级生产力向浮游初级和次级生产力转变的主要驱动力。采用科学的方法准确评估富营养化对湖泊底栖-浮游耦合食物网结构和功能的影响，可为湖泊生态系统管理提供技术和方法支持。 Abstract:According to the research finding for the limnology, in the whole lake ecosystem it should be including benthic pathway and pelagic pathway, while the variation of nutrition conditions can significantly change the structure and function of the bethic-pelagic coupling foodweb. In order to certain the effects of eutrophication on the benthic-pelagic coupling foodweb in shallow lake ecosystem, Baiyangdian Lake as the study area. Field samping and ECOSIM with ECOPATH(EwE) model method were applied in this study, the conceptual model for benthic-pelagic coupling foodweb in Baiyangdian Lake was established, the effects of eutrophication on the benthic-pelagic coupling foodweb was monitored during the period of 1982-2011. The research finding was:(1) the result for the filed sampling was showed that the nutrition condition for Baiyangdian Lake was belonged to eutrophication from 1999 to 2011; (2) the result for the EwE model was showed that the total biomass of Baiyangdian Lake was decreased for 66.38%, and the main energy pathway was changed from benthic pathway to pelagic pathway; (3) through Pearson correlation analysis, the phytoplankton was showed significantly positive correlation with TN (r=0.67, P < 0.01) and TP(r=0.37, P < 0.05) while the periphyton and macrophyte were showed significantly negative correlation with TN (r=0.77, P < 0.01; r=0.67, P < 0.01) and TP (r=0.54, P < 0.01; r=0.36, P < 0.05). Therefore, eutrophication is the main driving force for the change from benthic primary and secondary productivity to pelagic primary and secondary productivity. Applying scientific method to evaluate the effects of eutrophication on the pelagic-benthic coupling foodweb is very important, it also can help to provide technology and method to the lake ecosystem management. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

湿地生态水文模型研究综述

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 湿地生态水文模型研究综述 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201705090854 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0406003）；国家自然科学基金（41371108）；中国科学院地学部"中国生态水文学学科发展战略"咨询项目（2017DXA） Review of development, frontiers and prospects of wetlands eco-hydrological models Author: Affiliation: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology (NEIGA), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS),Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology (NEIGA), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Fund Project: The Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:变化环境下湿地生态水文格局及过程发生了深刻变化，已对流域、区域乃至我国水安全和生态安全构成威胁。湿地生态水文模型是揭示湿地生态格局与生态过程的水文学机制的有效工具和重要手段。介绍了湿地生态水文模型的概念、内涵、构建方法及分类，回顾了湿地生态水文模型的国内外发展历程，论述了目前湿地生态水文模型研究应用的重点领域：湿地生态水文调控与生态补水、流域湿地生态恢复重建与水资源综合管控和气候变化下湿地生态水文变化评估与应对策略。针对目前研究中存在的问题及薄弱环节，提出未来研究的发展趋势和亟需加强研究的重点方向。 Abstract:The variability of eco-hydrological condition caused by climate change and human activities exerted a significant detrimental influence on water and ecological security in watershed region and national scale. The eco-hydrological model is an important and efficient tool for revealing interactive mechanism between ecological processes and hydrological processes. This paper reviews concept, connotation, construction methodologies and classification as well as domestic and international development of eco-hydrological models, then focuses on the key fields in the studies:ecological regulation and water resources management in wetlands, wetlands restoration and conservation and adaptive water resources management for watershed scale as well as evaluation of eco-hydrological variability under the condition of climate change and corresponding mitigation measures. Considering the problems and weakness in studies, we proposed the development trends of future research and key problems to be solved in wetland eco-hydrological models. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

生态系统服务建模技术研究进展

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 生态系统服务建模技术研究进展 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201708291562 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院生态环境研究中心 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划重点专项（2016YFC0501601） A review on the progress of modeling techniques in ecosystem services Author: Affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban and Ｒegional Ecology,Ｒesearch Center for Eco-Environment Science,Chinese Academy of Science,State Key Laboratory of Urban and Ｒegional Ecology,Ｒesearch Center for Eco-Environment Science,Chinese Academy of Science Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在生态系统服务评估模型的数量、类型及应用大量增加的背景下，为将生态系统服务评估有效整合到决策中，系统比较、甄别不同建模工具并筛选出适合决策需求的生态系统服务评估和模拟方法尤为必要。因此，归纳并总结了国内外现有的生态系统服务评估模型的建模技术，包括：相关关系法、生物-物理过程法以及专家知识法；分别对其原理、差异、优缺点以及适用性进行了详尽阐释。大多数相关模型侧重于统计关系，相对容易创建和扩展，适用于生态系统服务的初始评估；生物-物理过程模型难以构建且不易获取，但提供了探索人-地系统相互作用和长期变化的有效机制；专家知识法有效结合了多种类型的知识体系，关注人类社会与自然系统之间反馈和交互动态的系统整合，但当评估地点发生变化时难以验证。在此基础上，介绍了基于上述3种建模技术的典型生态系统服务综合评估模型的发展和应用现状。各类建模技术面临着实用性和科学准确性之间的权衡。通过对不同建模技术的梳理与整合分析旨在提升当前生态系统服务研究的决策支撑能力，并为国内相关研究提供参考和借鉴。 Abstract:The number, diversity and application of ecosystem service models has greatly increased over the past decade. To integrate ecosystem service assessment into decision-making processes, systematically comparing and examining the different tools to identify the corresponding approaches that apply to decision requirements are especially essential and important. In this context, we summarized the existing modeling techniques for ecosystem service assessments nationally and internationally, including correlative models, process-based models, and expert-based models. We analyzed their principles, differences, advantages, and disadvantages in detail. Each of these modeling approaches had strengths and weaknesses that made them a better fit to different decision contexts:(1) the correlative models focused on existing statistical relationships, which were easy to use, to create and to revise, making these types of models useful in initial or rapid assessments. However, the weakness was that they could dramatically fail in data-poor situations. (2) Process-based models, which represented a scientific understanding of key dynamics for ecosystem services, were difficult to produce and to access but allowed the exploration of interactions and long-term dynamics in human-earth systems. (3) Expert-based models could facilitate to achieve the incorporation of diverse types of expert knowledge into ecosystem service assessments, which was particularly useful for bridging multiple knowledge systems as well as focusing on the interactions among people and nature systems. However, the expert-based models were often only partial and were difficult to verify from place to place. Furthermore, the applications of typical ecosystem service assessments models based on the three techniques were systematically reviewed and discussed. Our study highlighted that these modeling approaches had to compromise between usability and scientific accuracy, which meant that practitioners need to weigh their requirements for specific projects carefully before deciding on the appropriate tools. The analysis and integration of different modeling techniques would enhance the capabilities of decision support for ecosystem services assessments, and help to provide information and reference for domestically relevant research. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

P33 Inorganic nanostructures for hydrophobic anticancer drug delivery

Many drug candidates identified from natural products are poorly water-soluble. Nanotechnology provides an alternative strategy for delivery of anticancer drugs. Herein, different inorganic nanostructures such as superparamagnetic iron oxide and gold nanoparticles are utilized as the hydrophobic anticancer drug carriers. The hydrophobic anticancer drugs such as curcumin and gambogic acid were loaded into the porous area or onto the surface of the nanoparticles. Cellular uptake and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles was studied in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells. The synthesized nanoparticles were readily internalized by U-87 MG cells. The nanoparticle-based drug carrier provides the aqueous dispersions of the hydrophobic drugs. In endosomes/lysosomes mimicking buffers with pH values of 4.5 ∼ 5.5, pH-dependent drug release was observed from drug loaded nanoparticles. The intracellular drug content and cytotoxicity were significantly higher for drug loaded nanoparticles than that of free drug. Furthermore, photothermal treatment had a synergistic effect on the drug’s anticancer activity. These results suggest that inorganic nanostructures may be a promising intracellular carrier for hydrophobic anticancer drugs. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Macau Science and Technology Development Fund (FDCT) (Project No. 014/2014/A1).

Effect of Phase Modulation on Electromagnetically Induced Grating in a Five-Level M-Type Atomic System**Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11274112 and 11474092, the Key Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission under Grant No 14ZZ056, the Shanghai Natural Science Fund Project under Grant No 14ZR1410300, and the Key Research Project of Henan Province Education Department

We theoretically investigate the phenomena of electromagnetically induced grating in an M-type five-level atomic system. It is found that a weak field can be effectively diffracted into high-order directions using a standing wave coupling field, and different depths of the phase modulation can disperse the diffraction light into different orders. When the phase modulation depth is approximated to the orders of , and , the first-, second- and third-order diffraction intensity reach the maximum, respectively. Thus we can take advantage of the phase modulation to control the probe light dispersing into the required high orders.

The role of science in sustainability transitions: citizen science, transformative research, and experiences from Samothraki island, Greece

Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects: Susaki (P27951-G7) and CiSciSusaki (F15TCS00022). Preparatory feasibility studies have been financed by the Austrian MAB National Committee.

Analysis of funding of projects on obstetrics and gynecology supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2007 to 2016

Objective: To summarize the funding of scientific research projects on obstetrics and gynecology by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from 2007 to 2016 and to display the hotspots of scientific research on obstetrics and gynecology. Methods: A systemic search was performed for the information of projects supported by NSFC from 2007 to 2016. The indicators for analysis included the number of projects, total investment, project categories, research units and research field. The research direction of each project was decided based on title, summary and key words provided by the profile of each project. Results: The total investment on obstetrics and gynecology by NSFC was 23.214 million with a total of 82 projects in 2007. It increased year by year and reached the peak in 2014 (359 projects 208.990 million). The investment and number of projects remained stable after 2014. General projects (1 109 projects 608.000 million) formed the majority of projects. Youth science fund projects (1 035 projects 214.976 million) increased steadily and the number was nearly equal to general projects. There were only a small amount of key projects (20 projects 54.720 million) and major projects (7 projects 38.400 million). The investment varied in different research units. The greatest 10 units (less than 6% of total), including 7 comprehensive universities, 2 medical universities and 1 institute of medicine, got 1 113 projects invested (43.84% of total, 1 113/2 539). The hot areas like gynecological tumor (920 projects 350.615 million), hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (91 projects 37.470 million) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (77 projects 29.540 million) were more likely to receive investment, while some interdisciplinary science like maternal and child health (28 projects 12.050 million), imaging and biomedicine (37 projects 14.770 million) began to achieve attention in recent years. Conclusions: The number of researches invested will be increased for the scientific research in obstetrics and gynecology especially the areas of research focus, although the amount allocated for each will be decreased relatively. Besides, multidisciplinary work will be performed so as to develop obstetrics and gynecology of China to a high level.

专业化茶叶种植影响下的农业生态系统服务功能价值评价——以福建省安溪县为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 专业化茶叶种植影响下的农业生态系统服务功能价值评价——以福建省安溪县为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201602070268 作者: 作者单位: 福州大学环境与资源学院,福州大学环境与资源学院,中国科学院山地灾害与环境研究所,福建农林大学安溪茶学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家社会科学基金资助项目（12CJL063）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41401313） Agricultural ecosystem services function value evaluation under the influence of specialized tea planting:A case study in Anxi, Fujian Province Author: Affiliation: College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University,,,Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:饮茶已逐渐成为世界潮流与时尚，不断扩大的茶叶需求正不断刺激茶叶的增产，茶叶经济发展受到世界瞩目，但关于规模化、专业化茶叶种植对农业生态系统的影响却未得到相应的关注。为研究规模不断扩大的专业化茶叶种植对农业生态系统的影响，以专业化茶叶种植大县安溪县为研究对象，通过构建由供给、调节和支持正、负服务组成的农业生态系统服务功能价值评价指标体系，结合能值法，从不同专业化茶叶种植水平、不同农业种植结构、不同地貌类型三个方面进行评估分析。研究结果表明：（1）安溪县以专业化茶叶种植为主的农业生态系统中供给、调节和支持三大服务功能的正服务价值都大于负服务价值，系统以提供正服务为主；（2）专业化茶叶种植具有较高的经济效益和较好的气体、气候调节能力，对农业生态系统中的供给与调节功能具有正效应；（3）但专业化种植过程中造成的土壤流失情况也较为严重，对农业生态系统支持功能的负面影响较大；（4）"茶-蔬"、"茶-果"等复合生态茶树种植结构有利于提高农业生态系统服务功能，实现茶叶经济与农业生态系统的和谐发展。 Abstract:The drinking of tea has gradually become the world trend and fashion, the constantly expanded demand of tea stimulate its production, and the economic development of tea has drawn the world's attention, but the influence of large-scaled and specialized tea plangting on agriculture ecosystem didn't get the corresponding focus. In order to study the ecological effect of specialized tea planting on agricultural ecosystem with the expanded planting size, we chose Anxi that a county with specialized tea planting as a case. Evaluation based on three aspects which contain different specialized tea planting level, agricultural planting structures and geomorphic types through the method of emergy and the building of agricultural ecosystem services function value evaluation index system.The evaluation index system including positive and negative services of the provisioning, regulating and supporting function. The results show that (1) all the three services function have higher value on positive service, and the agriculture ecosystem that mainly based on specialized tea planting of Anxi give priority to providing positive service; (2)specialized tea planting has high economic benefit and well gas and climate regulation ability, which has a positive effect on the agricultural ecosystem's provisioning and regulating services function; but(3)soil erosion cased by specialized tea planting is a little serious, which has a negative influence on agricultural ecosystem supporting function;(4) the "tea-vegetation" and "tea-fruit" multiple ecological planting structure is conducive to improving agricultural ecosystem services function, and achieve the harmonious development of the tea economy and agricultural ecosystem. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

USLE/RUSLE模型中植被因子变化特征及其影响因素

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 USLE/RUSLE模型中植被因子变化特征及其影响因素 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201510092038 作者: 作者单位: 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,五华县水土保持试验推广站,广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目（S2012030006144）；广东省科学院青年科学研究基金资助项目（qnjj201404）；广东省中国科学院全面战略合作项目资助项目（2013B091500077）；国家自然科学基金（41171221，41471020） Variations in vegetation cover factors and their influence on USLE and RUSLE Author: Affiliation: Guangdong Institute of eco-environment and soil science,,,,,,Guangdong Institute of eco-environment and soil science Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:植被因子是USLE/RUSLE模型中最重要的影响因子，其数值变化特征及其影响因素广受关注。以广东省五华县源坑水小流域2011-2013年的径流小区次降雨水沙观测数据为基础，分析了径流小区C值在不同时间尺度的变化特征及其受降雨、植被类型的影响。研究表明：（1）不同时段间C值存在一定波动，其中旱季的C值均大于雨季，夏秋两季的C值较大，且较为接近。各径流小区的C值普遍存在11、8、7月较大，6、5、1月较小的现象，且草本植物C值受植被覆盖度影响较大。（2）降雨量与径流小区C值呈正相关关系，桉树、松树、糖蜜草径流小区C值与次降雨量、各降雨量区间平均值的相关系数分别为0.360* *、0.349* *、0.291* *，0.912*、0.909*、0.822，相较于草本植物，木本植物的C值受降雨影响更大，仅以植被盖度衡量C值有待商榷。（3）相较裸土小区，桉树、松树、糖蜜草小区2011-2013年的土壤流失减幅分别为14.2%、21.5%、23.2%，其C值分别为0.814、0.748、0.772，3种植物中糖蜜草与松树均具有相对较好的水保效益，桉树的水保效益稍逊。 Abstract:Vegetation factors are the most important influences on USLE/RUSLE models. The observed data for runoff and sediment yields from field runoff plots between 2011 and 2013, their variation characteristics, and the impacts of rainfall and vegetation types on the C values were analyzed for different time scales. The results showed that: (1) The C values fluctuated between seasons. The values were higher for summer and the fall than for spring and winter, and were similar for summer and fall. Furthermore, dry seasons show higher C values than wet seasons. Specifically, higher values were found in November, August, and July, and lower values were observed in June, May, and January. The C values for herbs were significantly affected by the vegetation coverage. (2) The C values were positively correlated with rainfall volume, and the correlation coefficients between the C values and rainfall volume for individual rainfall events were 0.360* *, 0.349* *, and 0.291* * for the eucalyptus and pine trees, and Melinis minutiflora runoff plots, respectively. The correlation coefficients for average interval rainfall volume and the C values were 0.912*, 0.909*, and 0.822 for the eucalyptus and pine trees, and Melinis minutiflora runoff plots, respectively. The rainfall volume had a much stronger influence on the C values for the woody plants compared with the herbaceous plants, suggested that the C values could not be determined by the vegetation coverage alone. (3) A comparison of the runoff plots for bare soil showed that the volume of soil lost was reduced by 14.2%, 21.5%, and 23.2%, and the C values were 0.814, 0.748, and 0.772 for the eucalyptus and pine trees, and Melinis minutiflora runoff plots, respectively. The results showed that Melinis minutiflora and pine trees were better at conserving soil and water than eucalyptus. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

金乌贼繁殖行为与交配策略

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 金乌贼繁殖行为与交配策略 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201510232145 作者: 作者单位: 中国海洋大学,中国海洋大学,中国海洋大学,中国海洋大学,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目（201405010，201305043） Reproductive behavior and mating strategy of Sepia esculenta Author: Affiliation: ocean university of china,ocean university of china,ocean university of china,ocean university of china,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:2014年6月于室内大型水槽使用摄像系统对金乌贼繁殖过程进行连续观察与记录，通过定性和定量比较分析，解析其繁殖过程中游泳、捕食、求偶、争斗、交配及产卵等行为特征。结果显示：金乌贼游泳主要依靠漏斗喷水的反作用力，持续游泳能力较弱；繁殖期的金乌贼继续摄食，能发现周围20-38 cm范围内的凡纳滨对虾，攻击距离为7-24 cm，能在2.1-6.1 s内完成对对虾的捕获且成功率极高，外源营养为卵（精）巢不同步发育、分批产卵和复杂的繁殖行为继续提供能量支持；金乌贼具明显的求偶行为，规格差异是影响求偶的重要因素，其中雄性亲本更倾向选择与自身规格相当或略小的雌性，而雌性亲本则更倾向于选择大规格（较大规格争斗易获胜）的雄性；金乌贼一次交配持续125-398 s，雄性有明显的精子移除行为和领域性，交配后雄性伴游在雌性周围3-24 cm范围内，不允许其他乌贼靠近，平均伴游61 min后会再次交配。精子移除、伴游以及多次交配是雄性金乌贼有效提高父权贡献率的关键行为基础；研究结果表明，金乌贼采取"多夫多妻"的混交婚配策略，两性亲本均存在多次交配现象，这能有效提高雌雄的生殖成功率和受精卵的遗传多样性。 Abstract:Sepia esculenta Hoyle is widely distributed in Chinese coastal waters, and the taste and the highly value of nutrients make it one of the most important economical species in China. This organism can grow up to 200 mm in mantle length during its short lifespan of 1 year or less. Mature S. esculenta individuals migrate to inshore areas to mate and spawn during the breeding period, which is from June to July in Xuejiadao, Qingdao in China. The reproductive behavior and mating strategy, which include mate selection and sperm competition, determine the quality (e.g. dorsal mantle length or body weight of newly hatched larvae) and quantity of offspring, and play an important role in generating genetic diversity. Here, sexually mature S. esculenta were captured using a basket trap off the coast of Xuejiadao, Qingdao, China, between May and June of 2014. The reproductive behaviors of S. esculenta, including swimming, predation, courtship, battle, mating, and egg-laying were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative comparisons after observation in an indoor pool with an image pickup system. The results revealed that the swimming power of S. esculenta was mainly linked to the funnel and could not be sustained for long periods of time. S. esculenta continued to feed on Litopenaeus vannamei ((10.4±0.6) cm in total length) within a distance ranging from 20 to 38 cm and could rapidly catch prey (in 2.1-6.1 s), illustrating that it utilized the energy from feeding for the non-synchronous ovarian (testicular) development, batch spawning, and complex reproductive behaviors. Before mating, S. esculenta demonstrated obvious courtship behavior. The males tended to choose females of similar or slightly smaller sizes, whereas the females tended to choose larger males. The males competed for females and the winner had an opportunity to mate with female. The male would begin by lightly touching the cheek of the female, and also maintained a head-to-head position during the mating. Before ejaculation, the males moved arm III to remove the sperm masses attached to the residual buccal membranes from previous matings. After sperm removal, the male held spermatophores ejected through its funnel with the base of hectocotylized left arm IV and then pressed the coiled arm on the ventral portion of the female's buccal membrane. A successful mating lasted a relatively long time (125-398 s), but the mating process could easily be interrupted by interference from other individuals nearby, especially other males. The male continued to guard the spawning female (staying 3-24 cm from the female), and repeated matings occurred at an average interval of 61 min during the mate guarding process. Fertilized female S. esculenta individuals began to lay eggs approximately 4.5 min after mating. The eggs were relatively large (long axis diameter: 16.4-20.0 mm; short axis diameter: 10.5-12.6 mm). Although males involved in guarding females delayed their search for other mates, they may have reduced the probability that the female would remate with other males. Sperm removal, guarding, and repeated mating could effectively improve the male success rate. The mating strategy of S. esculenta was promiscuity, and repeated instance of mating, in both males and females, could effectively improve the reproductive success rate and level of genetic diversity. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

基于模型数据融合的中国温带和亚热带典型森林生态系统碳通量模拟

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于模型数据融合的中国温带和亚热带典型森林生态系统碳通量模拟 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201510132066 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA05050600）；国家科技支撑计划（2013BAC03B00）；中国科学院科研信息化“科技领域云”项目（XXH12503-05-03） Carbon flux simulation of typical temperate and subtropical forest ecosystems in China based on model-data fusion approach Author: Affiliation: Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生态系统碳循环过程对水分响应的研究已成为全球变化关注的焦点问题之一。基于长白山温带针阔混交林与千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林观测站2003-2009年生长季的碳通量（NEE）和气象观测数据，综合考虑水分对光合、呼吸作用的影响，构建不同的NEE模型，并应用模型数据融合方法优化模型参数、遴选最适模型，系统分析了水分因子对不同森林生态系统碳循环的影响。结果表明：（1）优化后的模型参数均能被NEE实测数据较好约束。长白山生长季的光合、呼吸参数值均高于千烟洲，未考虑空气饱和水汽压差（VPD）的模型高估了千烟洲温度敏感性参数（Q10）值、低估了千烟洲基础呼吸速率参数（BR）值；（2）仅考虑VPD对光合作用影响的模型是长白山生长季碳通量模拟的最优模型，但模拟精度提高不显著。不同模型间碳通量组分模拟结果差异较小；（3）考虑VPD和土壤含水量对光合、呼吸作用共同影响的模型是千烟洲生长季碳通量模拟的最优模型，并且显著提高了模拟精度。未考虑水分的模型在生长季高估了总生态系统生产力（GEP）总量2.0%（21.85 g C/m2），同时更大幅度地高估了生态系统呼吸（RE）总量4.4%（38.02 g C/m2），从而导致NEE总量低估于实测值7.8%（18.55 g C/m2）。 Abstract:Moisture effect on the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems is a key issue in global change research. It is crucial to accurately analyze the response of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle to moisture. However, the carbon flux models responding to environmental factors rarely consider the moisture effects on photosynthesis and respiration simultaneously; meanwhile there are still large uncertainties in model structures and parameters. Thus, this study was designed to (1) choose the optimal carbon flux model with accurate parameters for different ecosystems through model-data fusion approach, reducing the uncertainties of modeled results; (2) systematically analyze the influence of water factors on carbon flux simulation, including gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), ecosystem respiration (RE) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE). To consider the effects of moisture on both GEP and RE, we developed four different NEE models. Then, based on carbon flux and meteorological data during growing season from 2003 to 2009 in Changbaishan temperate mixed forest (CBS) and Qianyanzhou subtropical coniferous plantation (QYZ), Markov Chain Monte Carlo was employed to estimate model parameters, and Bayesian Information Criterion was applied to choose the optimal model for two forest ecosystems. The results showed that (1) the posterior values of model parameters were normally distributed, indicating that the parameters were well constrained by NEE. Photosynthetic and respiratory parameter values of CBS were higher than those of QYZ during the growing season. The model without vapor pressure deficit (VPD) overestimated the value of temperature sensitivity (Q10) and underestimated the value of basal respiration rate (BR) in QYZ; (2) the model considering VPD only was the optimal model for CBS,but its performance was not improved much. The modeled flux components were similar among the four models; (3) the model considering both VPD and soil water content (Sw) was the optimal model for QYZ, and its performance was improved significantly. The model ignored water factors overestimated 2% (21.85 g C/m2) of the total GEP, and 4.4% (38.02 g C/m2) of the total RE, and therefore, underestimated 7.8% (18.55 g C/m2) of the total measured NEE during the growing season. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Workshop Report: Social Media and Islamic Practice in Southeast Asia, 14-15 April 2016, Institute for Social Anthropology, Austrian Academy of Sciences

Above the rooftops of Vienna's old city center and on the top floor of the building of one of the world's leading technology companies, a selected number of international scholars working on new media and religion in gathered early this year to discuss their current research.1 They were invited by the Austrian Science Fund (Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, or FWF) project (lnter)Faces of the Internet: Emerging Socialities and Forms of Piety in Indonesia led by Martin Slama, a researcher at the Institute for Social Anthropology at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. The workshop, which was comprised of 12 presentations in the span of two days, focused on social media and digital technologies uses and Islamic practices of Muslims in different parts of Southeast Asia. The central question that informed this workshop was how the rising use of new communication technologies affects Islamic practices and forms of piety in the Muslim majority countries of Southeast Asia. The presentations touched upon a number of related issues including Islamic finances, fashion, music, and youth culture. They discussed changes in the perception and representation of religious authority or the revival of lslamic concepts in the light of social media uses. Apart from popular Islamic expressions of piety, some presenters addressed issues of religious sectarianism and sentiments of hate spread through the online presence of particular religious groups.What remained uncontested throughout those two days was the fact that social media have become an indispensable part of the daily practices and socialities of Muslims throughout Southeast Asia (Barendregt, 2012; Slama, 2016). For example, followers connect to their lslamic leader, be it the local preacher or the country's most influential Sufi scholar, by simply opening Facebook. Islamic leaders, on their part, use social media as means of self-representation in yet unprecedented ways. These online presences trigger new perceptions and articulations of authority and preacher-followers relationships which do not remain uncontested. This is the case when, for example, self-representations on the Internet intersect with the Islamic concept of riya, roughly translated as showing off. Yet, social media and other online platforms, such as forums or blogs, offer ample space for users to discuss and eventually find agreement upon such activities. This is only one example of how 'new' media prompt the renegotiation of traditional practices, forms of communication, and self-representation (Gershon, 2010).The infusion of digital media in everyday expressions of Islamic piety affect not only the construction of Islamic authority but also popular understandings of Islamic gender roles. Selfies, popular among social media users across Southeast Asia, expose those behind the camera to exhibitionist narratives and other forms of criticism framed in the discourse of Muslim femininity and virtue. Notably, both the authors of contested visual expressions and their most vigorous critics are predominantly young social media users. As a number of presenters argued, social media use affects the ways in which Southeast Asian Muslims understand their religion and conversely, Muslims' understandings of their religion affect the ways they use social media to spread their message, as in the case of online da'wa, or Islamic proselytization.Another aspect of social and digital media, which is rarely touched upon, is the effect of sound or music both upon consumers and music production industries. For example, nasyid - a popular music genre among Southeast Asian Muslims today - reconciles piety with modern consumerist lifestyles by offering new avenues for the expression and experience of Islam. Islamic sounds, constitutive of short videos posted on social media and other online platforms, trigger affective registers among users and generate sentiments and dispositions which further inform online and offline socialities. …

Passive seismic studies show configuration of Paleoproterozoic subduction zones and their role in craton assembly in Western Australia

The Capricorn Orogen Passive source Array (COPA) is the passive source seismic component of a major Science and Industry Endowment Fund (SIEF) project, “The distal footprints of giant ore systems: Capricorn case study”. COPA focuses on the deep crustal and shallow lithospheric structure in the Capricorn Orogen with the aim to better understand the tectonic amalgamation of the Western Australian Craton. The objective of COPA is to produce 3D multiple scale seismic images across the orogeny, that together with other geological and geophysical datasets help constrain the timing and kinematic evolution of Capricorn Orogen’s fault zones, and their role in the metallogenic history.

Double Wronskian Solution and Soliton Properties of the Nonisospectral BKP Equation**Supported by the Research Committee of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University under Grant No. G-YM37, the AMSS-PolyU Joint Research Institute for Engineering and Management Mathematics under Grant No. 1-ZVA8, National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11271362 and 11375030, Beijing Natural Science Fund Project and Beijing City Board

Based on the Wronskian technique and Lax pair, double Wronskian solution of the nonisospectral BKP equation is presented explicitly. The speed and dynamical influence of the one soliton are discussed. Soliton resonances of two soliton are shown by means of density distributions. Soliton properties are also investigated in the inhomogeneous media.

黄土高原先锋种猪毛蒿叶片形态解剖与生理特征对立地的适应性

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 黄土高原先锋种猪毛蒿叶片形态解剖与生理特征对立地的适应性 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201408191642 作者: 作者单位: 西安科技大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41371280,41030532);陕西省教育厅科学研究基金项目(14JK1481) Adaptability of foliar morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of the pioneer species Artemisia scoparia growing in a hilly-gully Loess Region at different slope sites Author: Affiliation: Xi'an University of Science and Technology Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了揭示黄土丘陵沟壑区撂荒地植被演替前期优势种猪毛蒿(Artemisia scoparia)对该区立地环境的适应性,探讨猪毛蒿演替生态位的变化,研究了陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区3种立地环境下(阳峁坡、峁顶、阴峁坡)猪毛蒿叶片形态解剖和生理特征的变化,以及这些变化与生态因子之间的相互关系。结果表明:(1)猪毛蒿叶片具有适应该区半干旱环境的形态及解剖结构:叶片针形化、具表皮毛、环栅型叶肉组织、海绵组织特化为贮水组织、维管束退化、具裂生分泌腔,C3 植物呈现类似CAM 植物的叶片特性;(2)在土壤、空气湿度相对干燥和强光生境的阳峁坡与峁顶,猪毛蒿具有较小的叶面积、发达的栅栏组织、致密的表皮毛和紧密的细胞间隙,而在生境条件较好的阴峁坡则呈相反趋势;(3)阳峁坡猪毛蒿叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量较小,超氧阴离子自由基增加,但植物体内超氧化物歧化酶和抗坏血酸含量增加以清除植物体内产生的活性氧;(4)冗余及相关性分析表明,猪毛蒿叶片形态、解剖和生理指标的可塑性对立地光照强度、土壤水分和有机质含量较为敏感,同时其形态解剖与生理可塑性可共同调节来适应生境。综合分析,猪毛蒿对陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区撂荒初期光照强度大、土壤贫瘠但土层干化现象尚未出现的立地环境有较好的适应性,使其成为黄土高原植被自然演替过程中的先锋物种。 Abstract:Soil erosion by water is considered to be a dominant erosion process in a hilly-gully Loess Plateau, and leads to land degradation and desertification. Although many researchers have investigated the dynamics of plant community traits and soil properties caused by erosion, the effects of soil property variation on vegetation succession, especially in terms of ecophysiology, on abandoned cultivated land in a hilly-gully Loess Plateau region have received little attention to date. This study investigated Artemisia scoparia, which is one of the dominant species in early abandoned field communities in hilly-gully Loess Plateau. We tried to find the environmental acclimation and succession niche changes for this species. The foliar morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of A. scoparia at three different sites (namely sunny hilly slope, SH; hilltop, HT; shady hilly slope, HH) were investigated. Relationships between foliar plasticity and environmental factors were also examined. The results demonstrate that (1) A. scoparia has special morphological and anatomical characteristics, such as needle-shaped leaves, trichomes, a ring palisade, water storage parenchyma specialized from spongy tissue, and a secretory cavity, that enable it to adapt to semi-arid environments. When the ability of vascular tissue to transport water decreased, C3 plant leaves exhibit characteristics similar to CAM plants. (2) On the SH and HT sites, which are characterized by dry soil, low air humidity, and strong light intensity, A. scoparia had a smaller leaf area, thicker palisade, denser trichomes, and tighter intercellular air spaces than of those growing on the HH site. Furthermore, obvious differences among site conditions can be observed. However, the redundancy analysis (RDA) results revealed that vascular tissue traits, main vascular bundles, and area ratio of xylem to phloem, have a weak correlation with environmental factors. (3) A. scoparia had a low relative water content (RWC), less chlorophyll, and a high superoxide anion radical content on the SH and HT sites. In contrast, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbic acid (AsA) increased at these sites to clear the reactive oxygen produced by plants. Soluble protein, which shows the osmotic adjustment ability of a plant, had a weaker relationship with environmental factors. (4) Foliar plasticity had a strong relationship with environmental factors, especially with light intensity, soil moisture, and soil organic matter content. These results implied that A. scoparia had strong adaptability to early abandoned sites in a hilly-gully Loess Region that is subject to high light intensities and soil impoverishment without desiccation. (5) Based on the correlations among foliar morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of A. scoparia, the studied parameters, except for vascular tissue traits and soluble protein, were found to be closely related to each other, especially epidermal hair density, stomatal index, and intercellular air spaces. All the above results suggest that A. scoparia is able to adapt to the microclimate and soil conditions present in early abandoned fields due to its foliar anatomical and physiological characteristics. These properties allow A. scoparia to improve its ability to use limited nutrient resources in poor soil environments and to reduce abiotic stresses (including water, light, nutrient, and erosion interference stresses). This means that A. scoparia is able to attain and dominate an extremely wide ecological distribution on early abandoned cultivated land in hilly-gully Loess Plateau regions. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献