Science Behind Research Articles

Tick Tock: A Timely Look into the Science Behind Precise Clocks and their Implications (Professor Shimon Kolkowitz)

Tick Tock: A Timely Look into the Science Behind Precise Clocks and their Implications (Professor Shimon Kolkowitz)

Moringa oleifera: The Science Behind its Extraordinary Health Benefits

Moringa oleifera Lam., which is commonly known as the “drumstick tree,” is a beautiful plant that has been used for many years in traditional ways and is now being studied by scientists. This thorough review covers a lot of different areas of M. oleifera, from its botanical features to the many ways it is used in medicine, nutrition, and protecting the environment. In the introduction, it is explained that M. oleifera is found all over the world and does well in tropical and subtropical areas in places like Asia, Africa, and the Americas. There are many names for M. oleifera, including the drumstick tree, the ginger tree, and the ben oil tree. It is known for being useful and adaptable. This review goes into more detail about M. oleifera's health benefits and nutritional value, focusing on how full it is of natural antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. People all over the world have used M. oleifera for hundreds of years as a food source and herbal medicine because its leaves, seeds, flowers, and pods are full of important nutrients. This review looks at how M. oleifera can be used as a medicine, focusing on its antibacterial properties and ability to reduce pain and inflammation. Modern research backs up its traditional uses and suggests that it could be useful in treating diabetes, high blood pressure, and skin problems. Besides being good for people's health, M. oleifera is also a great plant for protecting the environment. Because it grows quickly, doesn't die from drought, and improves the soil, it is very useful in agroforestry and land restoration. It can also do well in a variety of climates, which shows how useful it could be for reducing climate change and promoting biodiversity. The review ends by talking about the bigger effects that growing M. oleifera has on society, like how it helps with food security, economic empowerment, and protecting the environment.

50551 The Science Behind a Viral Trend: Demonstrating Safety and Efficacy of Hydrocolloid Patch for Facial Acne

50551 The Science Behind a Viral Trend: Demonstrating Safety and Efficacy of Hydrocolloid Patch for Facial Acne

The Science Behind Bioactive Dental Adhesive Systems: Benefits and Applications

The Science Behind Bioactive Dental Adhesive Systems: Benefits and Applications

The Diversity of Science Behind U.S. Seafood

Since 2014, people have been eating more and more seafood like fish, shrimp, and plant-based seafood like seaweed. In the United States, seafood even features in some popular television shows such as Wicked Tuna and Deadliest Catch. But did you know that before you sit down to enjoy a seafood dinner, many types of scientists have been working together to answer questions like: “How many fish can we catch without taking too many?” and “How will catching one species affect other species in the ecosystem?”. Scientists even study questions like: “How does catching fish and other types of seafood affect a community?”. In this article, we will explore how fish, shrimp, clams, and other seafood resources are managed in the U.S., and why many different types of scientists are needed to make sure that these resources can sustainably provide food, jobs, recreation, and cultural benefits to people who use them.

Loss Aversion Distribution: The Science Behind Loss Aversion Exhibited by Sellers of Perishable Good

This research introduces the concept of the loss aversion distribution, a pioneering framework designed for the analysis of consumer behavior. Departing from the conventions of traditional exponential models, this innovative approach incorporates a non-memoryless characteristic, which modulates the consumer's response to loss aversion throughout the product's life cycle. This modulation is achieved by a variable exponent influenced by the parameter $b$, representing the psychological impact of loss aversion, and the constant $k$, which reflects the market value of the good at the time of manufacture. Together, these parameters adeptly encapsulate the dynamic nature of consumer loss aversion from the moment of manufacture to the point of expiry. The model elucidates an initial muted response from consumers at the onset of ownership, which then intensifies during the mid-life cycle of the product, before ultimately diminishing as the product approaches its expiry. Through a meticulous derivative analysis of the probability density function, the study delineates the distribution's key properties, including its monotonicity, boundedness within the interval [0, 1], and its adherence to non-negativity. This framework not only enhances our comprehension of consumer behavior in relation to perishable goods but also paves the way for further investigations into psychometrics and the intricacies of loss aversion modeling.

Great Gusts: Winds of the World and the Science Behind Them by Melanie Crowder (review)

Great Gusts: Winds of the World and the Science Behind Them by Melanie Crowder (review)

Why We Forget and How to Remember Better: The Science Behind Memory.

Why We Forget and How to Remember Better: The Science Behind Memory.

Summer reading 2023In a Flight of Starlings: The Wonders of Complex Systems, Giorgio Parisi, Penguin Press, 2023, 144 pp.I Feel Love: MDMA and the Quest for Connection in a Fractured World, Rachel Nuwer, Bloomsbury, 2023, 384 pp.Many Things Under a Rock: The Mysteries of Octopuses, David Scheel, Norton, 2023, 320 pp.The Hidden History of Code-Breaking: The Secret World of Cyphers,

Summer reading 2023In a Flight of Starlings: The Wonders of Complex Systems, Giorgio Parisi, Penguin Press, 2023, 144 pp.I Feel Love: MDMA and the Quest for Connection in a Fractured World, Rachel Nuwer, Bloomsbury, 2023, 384 pp.Many Things Under a Rock: The Mysteries of Octopuses, David Scheel, Norton, 2023, 320 pp.The Hidden History of Code-Breaking: The Secret World of Cyphers,

Food for our future: the nutritional science behind the sustainable fungal protein - mycoprotein. A symposium review.

Mycoprotein is a well-established and sustainably produced, protein-rich, high-fibre, whole food source derived from the fermentation of fungus. The present publication is based on a symposium held during the Nutrition Society Summer Conference 2022 in Sheffield that explored 'Food for our Future: The Science Behind Sustainable Fungal Proteins'. A growing body of science links mycoprotein consumption with muscle/myofibrillar protein synthesis and improved cardiometabolic (principally lipid) markers. As described at this event, given the accumulating health and sustainability credentials of mycoprotein, there is great scope for fungal-derived mycoprotein to sit more prominently within future, updated food-based dietary guidelines.

Editorial Introduction

References Bradshaw, C. and B. Brook. 2014. ‘Human population reduction is not a quick fix for environmental problems’. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (46): 16610–15. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1410465111 Cafaro, P. 2015. How Many Is Too Many?: The Progressive Argument for Reducing Immigration into the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Cafaro, P. and G. Gotmark. 2019. ‘The potential environmental impacts of EU immigration policy: Future population numbers, greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity preservation’. The Journal of Population and Sustainability 4 (1): 71–101. https://doi.org/10.3197/jps.2019.4.1.71 Cohen, J. 2017. ‘How many people can the Earth support?’. The Journal of Population and Sustainability 2 (1): 37–42. https://doi.org/10.3197/jps.2017.2.1.37 FAO. 2022. Information Note – The importance of Ukraine and the Russian Federation for global agricultural markets and the risks associated with the war in Ukraine. Rome: FAO. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb9013en (accessed 19 July 2022). FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO. 2021. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all. Rome: FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4474en Henn, Brenna M., L.L. Cavalli-Sforza and Marcus W. Feldman. 2012. ‘The great human expansion’ Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 (44): 17758–64. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1212380109 Jowit, J. 2011. ‘Paul Ehrlich, a prophet of global population doom who is gloomier than ever’. The Guardian, 23 October. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/oct/23/paul-ehrlich-global-collapse-warning (accessed 17 June 2022). Porritt, J. and C. Hines. 2017. ‘Reflections on the current immigration debate in the UK’. The Journal of Population and Sustainability 2 (1): 43–59. https://doi.org/10.3197/jps.2017.2.1.43 Ratha, D., S. De, S. Plaza, K. Schuettler, W. Shaw, H. Wyss and S. Yi. 2016. Migration and Remittances – Recent Developments and Outlook. Migration and Development Brief 26, April 2016, Washington, DC: World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0913-2 Rockström, J. and R. Gaffney. 2021. Breaking Boundaries: The Science Behind Our Planet. London: Dorling Kindersley. Steffen, W., W. Broadgate, L. Deutsch, O. Gaffney and C. Ludwig. 2015. ‘The trajectory of the Anthropocene: The Great Acceleration’. The Anthropocene Review 2 (1): 81–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053019614564785 Tucker, C.K. 2019. A Planet of 3 Billion. Washington, DC: Atlas Observatory Press. Weber, H. and J.D. Sciubba. 2018. ‘The effect of population growth on the environment: Evidence from European regions’. European Journal of Population (April). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-018-9486-0

"MEDITATION" A TOOL FOR STRESS RELEASE AND SCIENCE BEHIND IT – A STUDY

"MEDITATION" A TOOL FOR STRESS RELEASE AND SCIENCE BEHIND IT – A STUDY

Goofballing of Opioid and Methamphetamine: The Science Behind the Deadly Cocktail.

Globally, millions of people suffer from various substance use disorders (SUD), including mono-and polydrug use of opioids and methamphetamine. Brain regions such as the cingulate cortex, infralimbic cortex, dorsal striatum, nucleus accumbens, basolateral and central amygdala have been shown to play important roles in addiction-related behavioral changes. Clinical and pre-clinical studies have characterized these brain regions and their corresponding neurochemical changes in numerous phases of drug dependence such as acute drug use, intoxication, craving, withdrawal, and relapse. At present, many studies have reported the individual effects of opioids and methamphetamine. However, little is known about their combined effects. Co-use of these drugs produces effects greater than either drug alone, where one decreases the side effects of the other, and the combination produces a prolonged intoxication period or a more desirable intoxication effect. An increasing number of studies have associated polydrug abuse with poorer treatment outcomes, drug-related deaths, and more severe psychopathologies. To date, the pharmacological treatment efficacy for polydrug abuse is vague, and still at the experimental stage. This present review discusses the human and animal behavioral, neuroanatomical, and neurochemical changes underlying both morphine and methamphetamine dependence separately, as well as its combination. This narrative review also delineates the recent advances in the pharmacotherapy of mono- and poly drug-use of opioids and methamphetamine at clinical and preclinical stages.

Immunity and the Real Science Behind (Editorial)

Immunity and the Real Science Behind (Editorial)

Conversations about the Future of Dicamba: The Science Behind Off-Target Movement.

Dicamba is an important herbicide for controlling post-emergent resistant weeds in soybean farming. Recently, the scientific community and general public have further examined off-target transport mechanisms (e.g., spray drift, volatilization, and tank contamination) and the visual responses of soybeans to ultralow dicamba concentrations. This paper synthesizes key chemical concepts and environmental processes associated with dicamba formulations, transport mechanisms, drift measurements, and plant responses. This paper proposes additional areas of research and actions to increase our understanding and communicate the science findings, which should provide farmers with more robust tools and practices for sustainable dicamba use.

Correction to: Porous Refractory Ceramics for High-Temperature Thermal Insulation - Part 1: The Science Behind Energy Saving.

Correction to: Porous Refractory Ceramics for High-Temperature Thermal Insulation - Part 1: The Science Behind Energy Saving.

Publication Notice for the Special Section "The Science Behind Usability and UX".

Publication Notice for the Special Section "The Science Behind Usability and UX".

Preface to the Special Section on the Science Behind Usability and UX.

Preface to the Special Section on the Science Behind Usability and UX.

Toward Targeted Interventions: Examining the Science Behind Interventions for Youth Who Offend

Youthful offending is a complex behavior that develops from an interaction between social experiences and individual differences in thinking patterns and emotional reactions favoring antisociality. The combination of factors associated with offending varies across individuals and influences the ways in which youth perceive, interpret, and respond to a wide range of experiences. Programs must consider the specific environmental (e.g., community), institutional (e.g., schools, parents, peers), and individual factors impacting youth as essential targets for intervention. We synthesize research on family-focused, school-focused, peer- and community-focused, trauma-focused, cognitive-behavioral, and multisystem interventions in terms of their targets and note variability in their effectiveness. Furthermore, we highlight the continued need for developmentally appropriate interventions that accurately target the mechanisms of action, do no harm, are delivered with fidelity, and encourage active engagement by both interveners and youth.

COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccines: A year in Review

COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccines: A year in Review