School Physical Education Research Articles

Problematising young people’s bodies: a critical discourse analysis of China’s national physical education and health curriculum policies

ABSTRACT China's national physical education and health curriculum policies are the regulatory and guiding policies for China's school physical education and health curriculum. The policies highlight physical education and health as of great significance in building a healthy China (健康中国) and a sports powerful nation (体育强国). Most academic commentary on these policies to date focused on the content and the application of teaching on student learning, but few have analysed the socio-political imperatives and how the policies construct young people's bodies in particular ways. Policy embodies contested meanings and values, privileging certain positions, whilst silencing others; it thus makes a ‘problem' exist as a particular type of ‘problem' that rationalises and legitimises the ‘suggestions' proposed by the policy. According to Foucault, discourses are the socially produced forms of ‘knowledge' that set limits upon what is possible to think, write, or speak about; it creates an epistemic ‘reality'. In this sense, China's national physical education and health curriculum policies produce ‘problems' with particular meanings that affect what gets done or not done, and how young people live their lives. In this article, we draw on Foucauldian concepts, particularly notions of ‘discourse', ‘problematisation' and ‘governance', and adopt Bacchi's ‘What's the Problem Represented to Be' approach to explore what is the specific kind of ‘problematic' body of young people that are constructed and reflected in China's physical education and health curriculum policies. We argue that by representing the ‘problem' of young people's bodies as poorly performing, the policy documents construct a sense that good-performance bodies in sports are desirable and capable of contributing to the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Importantly, this prioritisation of the good-performance body in sports prioritises not only good motor abilities in sports competitions, but also the body's ‘intrinsic’ sports morality.

Role of analogies with classical physics in introductory quantum physics teaching

In this study, we explore the use of analogies with classical physics in introductory quantum physics (QP) teaching. This work is part of a larger project in which a learning sequence covering three introductory QP topics was designed, tested, and evaluated in collaboration with high school teachers and physics education researchers. Based on the theoretical foundations of guided inquiry-based learning and collaborative learning, three lessons covering the topics of photoelectric effect, wave-particle duality, and tunneling were developed. For each lesson, a digital inquiry learning space (ILS) was created which implemented a digital laboratory for performing experiments with specific interactive assignments and multimedia material. For this study, each ILS was adapted into two distinct versions, to be applied with students in two experimental conditions: one in which analogies with classical physics were present in the lessons, and one in which such analogies were avoided. Six classes of Dutch upper-secondary students (n=89) were assigned to one of the conditions and followed the respective version of the learning sequence during a period of approximately 6 weeks. Students’ answers to ILS activities were logged and used for a qualitative analysis. Once the learning sequence was finished, students took a post-test covering all three QP topics and scores were compared between the analogy and no analogy conditions. After correcting for students’ overall performance in physics, we found that students in the no analogy condition scored significantly higher on the post-test than the analogy condition for two out of the three QP topics (wave-particle duality and tunneling). An accompanying qualitative analysis suggests that the use of analogies with classical physics might hinder QP learning, as some students manifested difficulties in grasping the limitations of the classical analogies that were used in the materials. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

RELAÇÃO COM O SABER DE UM GRUPO DE ESTUDOS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: AS NARRATIVAS COMO MODO E RAZÃO PARA PESQUISAR

A teoria da relação com o saber, proposta por Bernard Charlot, vem sendo estudada por investigadores(as) de várias áreas do conhecimento, com propósitos convergentes de desvelar e caracterizar as relações que são estabelecidas com os saberes. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar e descrever parte de um percurso de elaboração e explicitação das próprias relações com os saberes de um grupo de estudos de educação física escolar de uma universidade pública federal. Como escolha metodológica enfatizamos as narrativas. Na discussão dos resultados, provisoriamente, identificamos as dinâmicas que constituem aspectos da relação com o saber e estão presentes nos modos e razões de compreender a si mesmo(a), os(as) outros(as) e o mundo enquanto se pesquisa. Concluímos que é importante que aqueles(as) que intencionam investigar os elementos da relação com o saber caminhem em direção de si mesmos(as) para compreender a complexidade dessa rede de saberes.

BADMINTON NA ESCOLA: DESCOBRINDO O ESPORTE

Badminton can be worked in school as an element used to guarantee the pedagogical principles of diversification of content and the possibility of offering equal opportunities for girls and boys attend classes in elementary school Physical Education. This work was carried out in the Full-Time Educational Center Elisa Bessa Freire in the city of Manaus in 2015. The objective was to expand the body culture of the students and work different skills, moves and abilities. The methodology was carried out through lecture. The environmental impact to the project's development had positive results due spark interest in the school community as well as students and teachers from other schools. Expected to have continuity of the project and that there is new research partnerships with other schools, students and school community to publicize this new sport.

Frequency of Physical Activity-Related Injuries Among Adolescents: An Umbrella Review

ObjectivesThe aim of this umbrella review was to investigate the frequency of physical activity-related injuries (PARI) among adolescents. Our secondary objective was to describe the available reviews of injuries in three settings: organized sports, leisure time physical activity (PA), and school physical education (PE).MethodsWe conducted an overview of reviews consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines on the frequency of physical activity related injuries in adolescents.ResultsWe identified 19 systematic reviews with at least moderate quality to include in the review. We were not able to pool data from reviews and conduct meta-analysis due to heterogeneity of injury definitions, exposure times, and sample demographics. All reviews included studies of injuries sustained in organized sports, and injury incidence was higher during matches than training. No systematic reviews were found focusing on leisure time or school-based PA injuries.ConclusionHigh-quality research is essential to understand the frequency of various types of physical activity related injuries among adolescents in organized sports, PE, and leisure time activities to develop more effective prevention strategies.

An analysis of knowledge, attitudes, practice and influencing factors for tuberculosis prevention and control among Hainan University students

ObjectiveTo assess the current status of knowledge, attitude, and practice pertaining to tuberculosis prevention among college students in Hainan Province, China, and to identify influential factors. The findings of this study are intended to provide valuable insights for the development and implementation of effective health education programs aimed at tuberculosis prevention and control.MethodsA convenient sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire-based survey among college students at a university in Hainan Province using the Wenjuanxing platform from January to February 2023. The survey evaluated students’ general information and their knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding tuberculosis prevention and control. The scores of correct knowledge, attitude, and practice were compared based on students’ demographic characteristics. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice related to tuberculosis prevention and control.ResultsA total of 280 questionnaires were distributed, of which 265 valid responses were collected, resulting in a valid response rate of 94.6%. The study found that medical students exhibited higher levels of correct knowledge, attitude, and practice compared to non-medical students (5.92 vs. 5.17, 3.17 vs. 2.57, 3.48 vs. 2.78, respectively). Moreover, students who had received tuberculosis education had higher correct scores compared to those who had not (5.92 vs. 5.31, 3.08 vs. 2.65, 3.31 vs. 2.93, respectively). Additionally, students in higher grades demonstrated higher scores in attitude. Three variables were found to influence students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice related to tuberculosis prevention and control, accounting for 33.4% of the explanatory power (F = 11.930; p < 0.001). Grade, major, and whether they had received tuberculosis education included.ConclusionThe study revealed a generally poor level of awareness among college students regarding tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge and the importance of regular physical exercise. Grade, major, and whether students had received tuberculosis education were identified as influencing factors. These factors should be prioritized in university tuberculosis education programs. Moreover, the implementation of physical education in schools is crucial in promoting students’ health.

The influence of french gymnastics on brazilian physical education: scope of fencing

This article aims to reflect on reasons why the fencing to be included in the curriculum of the School of Physical Education and Sports of Paraná. For this, the School of Physical Education and Sports of Paraná, sent to the Division of Physical Education of the National Department of Education, which are archived at the Center for Memory, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná Annual Reports were analyzed. Concluding that factors related to the method gymnastic Frances responsible for the inclusion of the sport in the curriculum of the School of Physical Education and Sports of Paraná.

The Effects of Rope Skipping Exercises of Different Modes on Physical Fitness, Attention, and Working Memory in Children Aged 9–10

Purpose: The study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval rope skipping (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous rope skipping (MICT) on the physical fitness, attention, and working memory of primary school students, providing a basis for selecting appropriate rope skipping exercises. Methods: A total of 63 fourth-grade students (aged 9–10) from a primary school were selected as participants. After matching by gender, they were randomly divided into a HIIT group, an MICT group, and a control group. The control group maintained normal activities such as school physical education and recess activities. In addition to these regular activities, the HIIT and MICT groups performed rope skipping exercises for 8 consecutive weeks (5 times per week). The HIIT group performed single-under fast skipping with both feet for 1 min followed by 1 min of rest, repeating for 5 sets, with an intensity ≥85% of maximum heart rate. The MICT group performed single-under moderate-speed skipping with both feet continuously for 5 mins at an intensity of 60%–80% of maximum heart rate. Attention Network Test (ANT), Digit Span Test (DST), and physical fitness tests (spirometry test, 50 m run, standing long jump, 50 m × 4 round trips, 1 min rope skipping) were conducted one day before and one day after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, both the HIIT and MICT groups showed significant improvements in 1 min skipping performance, with the HIIT group achieving greater improvement than the MICT group. The HIIT group also demonstrated significant improvement in 50 m × 4 round trips speed. In the ANT test, the HIIT group showed an increase in orienting network reaction time and a decrease in executive control network reaction time, while accuracy remained unchanged. In the DST, both the HIIT and MICT groups exhibited significant increases in DST forward scores (DST- F) and total scores. Conclusion: Both high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous rope skipping exercises can improve 1-min skipping performance and work- ing memory in 9–10-year-old children. Additionally, high intensity interval rope skipping can further enhance endurance, orienting network efficiency, and executive control network efficiency, with greater improvement in 1-min skipping performance compared to moderate-intensity continuous rope skipping.

The Effects of a Web-Based Need-Supportive Intervention for Physical Education Teachers on Students' Physical Activity and Related Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Globally, adolescents are insufficiently active, highlighting the need for effective strategies to enhance their activity levels. This study evaluated a web-based intervention program designed for physical education (PE) teachers, aimed at fostering students' basic psychological needs-autonomy, competence, and relatedness-in PE settings. Secondary school PE teachers and their students were randomly assigned into either an experimental (teachers n = 36; students n = 463, Mage = 13.94, SD = 0.88) or a control group (teachers n = 49; students n = 820, Mage = 13.93, SD = 0.87). Teachers in the experimental group underwent a 4-week web-based intervention program focused on autonomy-, competence-, and relatedness-supportive motivational techniques. Students completed questionnaires assessing psychological measures and self-reported physical activity (PA) before and after the teachers' training. Results indicated that students in the experimental group perceived significantly higher autonomy, competence, and relatedness support compared to their control group counterparts at post-test. Consequently, the web-based need-supportive intervention was effective in promoting need-supportive teacher behavior. As the developed training for PE teachers increased students' perceptions of need support from their PE teachers, it holds promise for future PE teacher education. Furthermore, the web-based format offers scalability for broader implementation.

“I’m Trusting You, Don’t Let Me Down”: One Faculty Member’s Efforts at Employing the Spectrum Model

Purpose: The spectrum model is a composite pedagogical model seeking to promote human flourishing. The purpose of this study was to provide a first account of the model in one K–12 school. Freddie, a purposefully recruited faculty member with expertise in models-based practice, was provided the model and instructed to read, interpret, and implement the model with three classes during one semester. Method: Data were collected with eight techniques and analyzed using traditional methods. Results: Findings suggested that Freddie’s organizational structure, method, and content captured the spirit of the model and supported his ability to employ various teaching styles. Factors influencing his reading, interpretation, and implementation of the approach were identified. Conclusion: This study provides a description of flourishing pedagogies and reinforces the argument for developing new pedagogical models in school physical education. Future research dedicated to exploring established and emergent models through the lens of human flourishing is warranted.

Assessment of physical education teachers' use of distance teaching behavior under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

For many physical education teachers, being suddenly forced to switch from traditional face-to-face teaching to online teaching without adequate mental preparation posed numerous challenges and difficulties. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to validate the use of distance teaching behavior models for physical education teachers under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model was employed to explore the use intention and use behavior of distance teaching. The model contains four independent variables: performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), and facilitating conditions (FC), two dependent variables: behavioral intention (BI) and use behavior (UB) and three moderating variables: gender, age, and experience. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed to elementary and junior high school physical education teachers with 364 valid responses. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the relationships among variables. The results found PE, EE and SI had significant influences on BI and FC and BI had significant influences on UB. Experience had moderating effects among SI and BI. Based on the results, recommendations for physical education teachers and schools are proposed. Furthermore, research limitations and future directions are discussed.

Primary and middle school students' views on inclusive physical education: Perceptions, practices, and future directions.

Physical Education (PE) classes are vital for nurturing students' social development and promoting collaboration. This study examined how primary and middle school students perceived PE classes, with a focus on collaboration, well-being and enjoyment, teacher behavior, the inclusion of nondisabled and disabled students, and general class behavior. One-hundred and seventy students (24 primary school and 146 middle school students) were surveyed using a questionnaire. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified seven factors including: well-being, activities for all students, teacher-oriented behavior, collaboration, and attention to students with disabilities. Linear regressions on each identified Factor revealed higher well-being (Factor 1) between primary and middle school students. In addition, the perceived well-being in PE classes and staying together with classmates among younger middle school students was found to be higher than that reported by their older counterparts in middle school. The analysis also revealed that males perceived a higher well-being in PE classes than females. The research underscores that primary and especially middle school PE teachers should promote the well-being of students by creating inclusive and enjoyable PE classes. The PE classes should consider the differences between sexes and the individual differences. Finally, this research lays the foundation for future investigations to refine inclusive PE strategies and improve students' well-being.

SURVEY OF PHYSICAL FITNESS LEVELS OF CLASS V AND VI STUDENTS OF JATIBATUR I STATE PRIMARY SCHOOL

This research was motivated by the absence of data on the level of physical fitness of students at SD Negeri Jatibatur 1, Gemolong District, Sragen Regency. So this research aims to determine the level of physical fitness of students at SD Negeri Jatibatur 1, Gemolong District, Sragen Regency. The subjects in this research were 28 students in grades V and VI, consisting of 14 male students and 14 female students. The research method used in this research is a test survey method, using the Indonesian physical fitness test instrument. The Indonesian physical fitness test (TKJI) includes a 40 meter sprint, hanging bent elbows, lying down for 30 seconds, jumping upright and a long run of 600 meters. The data analysis technique in this research uses standard physical fitness norms from TKJI to measure students' physical fitness levels. The results of this study obtained a classification for the level of physical fitness of students class V and VI, most of which were in the medium category, 14 children (50%), the poor category, 9 children (32.1%), the good category, 4 children (14.3%), the 1 child (3.6%) is very poor, and 0 children (0%) are in the very good category. The conclusion of this research is that the level of physical fitness in class V and VI students at SD Negeri Jatibatur 1, Gemolong District, Sragen Regency is in the medium category. The researcher's suggestions for physical education teachers and schools are to improve and implement programs oriented towards fostering and improving students' physical fitness.

VIRTUAL COMPARATIVE GLOBAL AGING CURRICULUM/COURSE – STUDENT GLOBAL COMPETENCES QUALITATIVE THEMATIC ANALYSIS

Abstract Presents global competences acquired by students of the international virtual course Comparative Global Aging implemented in the years 2018-2023. The course is the result of American-Polish cooperation between the University of Nebraska in Omaha and two Polish universities - the University of Wrocaw and the University School of Physical Education in Wrocław. The content of thirty-seven Learning Journals of students from 10 European countries studying in Poland in the ERASMUS student exchange program and UNO students was subjected to qualitative analysis using MAXQDA software. Discuss the results in the three distinguished dimensions of global competences - cognitive, socio-emotional and ethical, and five thematic clusters: Critical and Constructive Thinking, Self-Awareness and Self-Direction in Education, Effective Cross-Cultural Cooperation, Open Intergenerational Communication, Innovation in Action and Problem Solving. Learning outcomes achieved by students, i.e. the ability to examine local, global and cross-cultural issues in the topic of ageing, understand and appreciate the perspectives of people living in other countries and cultures, engage in open and effective interactions, and work to solve the problems of older people using a broad global perspective of ageing countries and societies

생성형 인공지능을 활용한 스포츠 전술 수업이 초등학생의 체육 수행 능력에 미치는 영향

This study aims to analyze the impact of sports tactics lessons using generative artificial in telligence (AI) on students’ physical performance in elementary school physical education classes. Generative AI is considered a crucial tool for enhancing students’ learning efficiency and providing personalized feedback. This study was conducted on 50 third grade students from D Elementary School in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi Province. The students were divided into the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received sports tactics lessons using the generative AI tool “Wrtn,” whereas the control group received traditional physical education classes. The results showed that the lessons using generative AI had a positive impact on students’ cognitive, functional, and affective physical performance abilities. The experimental group exhibited im provements in their understanding of sports tactics and game performance and showed significant enhancements in teamwork and problem-solving skills. These results suggest that AI-assisted lessons can be used as an effective learning method in physical education. This study highlights the future possibilities of AI-based physical education and provides important foundational data for increasing the effectiveness of physical education by integrating AI technology into the classroom. Future studies should further explore the potential of AI in various educational fields beyond physical education.

ÜMUMTƏHSİL MƏKTƏBLƏRİNDƏ FİZİKA TƏLİMİNİN BƏZİ PROBLEMLƏRİ

This article examines the current challenges faced by physics education in general education schools within a globalizing world. The main objective is to clarify the current state of physics education in our republic's general education schools. In a modern context where the demands for physics instruction are increasing, significant disparities in teaching technologies across schools have emerged. The rapid advancement of scientific and technological progress necessitates urgent measures to improve physics education in our schools. In this regard, the implementation of new content-rich educational programs and modern teaching technologies remains a pressing issue. The article proposes a series of recommendations aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of physics education in general education schools in line with contemporary requirements.

The effect of Internet+ -based extracurricular running exercise on students’ physical fitness

The application of the Internet combined with extracurricular running exercise plays an important role in promoting the reform of school physical education teaching and the healthy development of students’ physical fitness. 2379 students of Guilin Medical College used the Flash Campus APP for 30 weeks of running exercise during the school period, and the Wilcoxon test and t-test were used to statistically test the data of 50 m, standing long jump, lung capacity, seated forward bending, height, and body weight; men’s pull-ups, 1,000 m; and women’s sit-ups, 800 m pre- and post-tests. The Z/t values of men’s 50 m, standing long jump, pull-ups, and lung capacity; women’s 50 m running, standing long jump, sit-ups, lung capacity, and sitting prone flexion after extracurricular running exercise were − 3.513, − 5.571, − 5.069, and − 3.397; − 2.419, − 6.015, − 6.493, − 8.077, and − 2.474, respectively, with a P < 0.05, significant difference. Men’s BMI, seated forward bending, 1000 m; women’s BMI, 800 m running Z/t values were − 1.693, − 0.829, − 1.68; − 0.579, − 1.417, respectively, P > 0.05, there is no significant difference. The combination of the Internet and extracurricular running exercise can effectively monitor students’ running data and improve their performance in the events of lung capacity, 50-meter run, standing long jump, men’s pull-ups, women’s seated body bends and sit-ups.

From School Sports to Positive Impact on Life: The Synergistic Development of Physical Health, Personal Self-confidence and Social Attributes

This paper, From School Sports to Life Positive Impact: The synergistic development of physical health, personal confidence and social Attributes, aims to explore the profound impact of school sports activities on students' physical health, personal confidence and social attributes, and analyze the synergistic effect among the three. Through a systematic review of relevant literature, this paper first establishes that school physical education not only plays a direct role in promoting students' physical health, but also plays an indispensable role in shaping their psychological quality and social skills. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the study collected data through questionnaires, in-depth interviews and case studies, focusing on how different types of physical activity specifically affected students' physical health, as well as the building of their self-confidence and the improvement of their social adaptability in the process. Data analysis shows that regular sports participation can significantly improve students' physical fitness, enhance their sense of self-efficacy, and promote teamwork spirit and personal social network expansion. The paper further discusses the development mechanism of physical health, personal confidence and social attributes, and proposes a series of strategies to optimize school physical education in order to maximize these positive effects. Finally, this paper summarizes the research results, emphasizes the importance of school physical education for the overall development of students, provides practical guidance for educators, parents and policy makers, and points out possible future research directions.

Research on the strategy of digital enabling high school physical education teaching

Research on the strategy of digital enabling high school physical education teaching

The Relationship Between the Interpersonal Relationship and Altruistic Behavior of College Students Majoring in Physical Education: The Mediating Effect of Empathy and the Moderating Effect of Responsibility.

Students majoring in physical education are the main source of physical education teachers in Chinese schools, and they are the main body in achieving the function of physical education in schools. The improvement of their altruistic behavior helps enhance the educational literacy of outstanding physical education teachers. This study conducted a questionnaire survey on 310 students majoring in physical education from 5 universities in 5 selected regions using the General Interpersonal Communication Objective Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C, the "responsibility" subscale of the Big Five Inventory Questionnaire, and the Altruistic Behavior of College Students questionnaire. We performed correlation analysis, mediation effect analysis, and moderation effect analysis on the data using SPSS 24.0 and MPLUS 7.4. Empathy partially mediates 30% of the total effect between interpersonal relationships and altruistic behavior; social responsibility has a moderating effect on empathy and altruistic behavior, with higher levels of responsibility having a greater moderating effect. Interpersonal relationships, empathy, and a sense of responsibility affect the current, recent, and long-term states of altruistic behavior, respectively. To improve students' altruistic behavior throughout the entire process, schools should develop training systems specifically for interpersonal relationships, empathy, and social responsibility.