School Education Research Articles

Rethinking General Education from the Perspective of High School and Higher Education Curriculum Articulation

This study explores the concept of curriculum articulation between secondary and higher education, focusing on the continuity of curricula and their implications for foundational liberal education in universities. It analyzes the similarities and differences between general education at the high school and university levels. Both frameworks aim to cultivate holistic individuals equipped with essential competencies and a sound moral character through broad-based education. They share commonalities in historical origins, educational objectives, and curricular structures. However, high school curricula are typically organized around subject-based learning, whereas university curricula are more discipline-oriented, with pedagogical differences arising from the distinct roles of teachers and professors. These differences manifest in instructional content, teaching methodologies, and assessment practices. From the perspective of curricular continuity, sequence, and integration, the study advocates for the development of academically rigorous liberal arts courses at the university level that facilitate interdisciplinary mobility and integration for students, and the enhancement of teaching methods for interdisciplinary courses through ongoing faculty research. The conclusion suggests conceptualizing liberal education as encompassing three distinct domains: basic literacy education, liberal arts education, and experiential learning. It emphasizes that the scope of liberal arts education should extend beyond basic competencies, asserting that continuous faculty engagement and scholarly inquiry are essential for the effective development and refinement of liberal education curricula.

Building Sustainable Societies: The Role of Technology in Empowering Momtrepreneurs of Children with Special Needs

This study investigates the technology usage patterns among mothers of children with special needs, focusing on their proficiency, frequency, and purposes of computer and internet use. The aim of this study is to reveal the level of technology use of mothers with disabled children and the difficulties they experience in this regard. In addition, this study is expected to reveal the level of knowledge that mothers have about both the use of technological devices and their applications and to guide projects and development programs to be carried out for mothers. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 mothers whose children attend Famagusta Special Education and Job Training School. The findings reveal that while a significant portion of the participants are beginners or lack confidence in using computers, 87.5 percent of the respondents utilize the internet regularly, primarily for accessing information related to their children’s disabilities and for entertainment purposes. Despite some mothers having received formal training in computer usage, the majority indicated a need for further education to enhance their technological skills. This study underscores the necessity of tailored programs to support these mothers in effectively leveraging technology for their personal and familial needs, contributing to broader discussions on gender equality and empowerment within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals.

Geospatial Hot Spots and Cold Spots in US Cancer Disparities and Associated Risk Factors, 2004-2008 to 2014-2018.

Despite declining cancer death rates in the US, cancer remains the second deadliest disease and disparities persist. Although research has focused on identifying risk factors for cancer deaths and associated disparities, few studies have examined how these relationships vary over time and space. The primary objective of this study was to identify cancer mortality hot spots and cold spots - areas where cancer death rates decreased less than or more than neighboring areas over time. A secondary objective was to identify risk factors of cancer mortality hot spots and cold spots. We analyzed county-level cancer death rates from 2004 through 2008 and 2014 through 2018, exploring disparities in changes over time for socioeconomic and demographic variables. We used hot spot analysis to identify areas with larger decreases (cold spots) and smaller decreases (hot spots) in cancer death rates and random forest machine learning analysis to assess the relative importance of risk factors associated with hot spots and cold spots. We mapped spatial clustering areas. Geospatial analysis showed hot spots predominantly in the Plains states and Midwest and cold spots in the Southeast, Northeast, 2 Mountain West states (Utah and Idaho), and a portion of Texas. Factors with the strongest influence on hot spots and cold spots were unemployment, preventable hospital stays, mammography screening, and high school education. Geospatial disparities in changes in cancer death rates point out the critical role of access to care, socioeconomic position, and health behaviors in persistent cancer mortality disparities. Study results provide insights for interventions and policies that focus on addressing health care access and social determinants of health.

고등학생의 디지털 리터러시 태도 양상 및 학생역량과의 관계 분석

Objectives The purposes of this tudy was conducted to identify the aspects of digital literacy attitudes according to various student variables of high school students in Gyeonggi Province and to explore the relationship between digital literacy attitude factors and student competency. Methods A t-test and F-test were conducted to examine the differences in digital literacy attitudes according to gender, reading amount, academic performance, study time, and electronic device usage time (for academic and career development, leisure, and social activities) among 4,981 high school students who participated in the Gyeonggi Province School Education Survey in 2022. In addition, a stepwise regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence between the sub-factors of digital literacy attitude and cognitive, social, autonomous, and core competencies. Results The results of the mean analysis showed that female students had more positive digital literacy attitudes than male students, and the higher their academic performance and the more time they spent studying, the more positive they were. In addition, when electronic devices were used for academic and career development, the more positive the digital literacy attitudes were as the usage time increased, but when they were used for leisure and social activities, the digital literacy attitudes of the group that used electronic devices were more positive than those of the group that did not use electronic devices. The results of the stepwise regression analysis showed that cognitive and autonomous competencies had a positive effect on digital literacy attitudes in the order of ‘self-effi-cacy > self-regulation > ethics’, while social competencies and core competencies had a positive effect on digital literacy attitudes in the order of ‘self-efficacy > ethics > self-regulation’. Conclusions This study is meaningful in that it is an empirical study that can contribute to deriving educational plans for forming positive digital literacy attitudes in high school students, but follow-up studies are needed to generalize the results.

Analysis of the Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on Teachers' Work Motivation in Improving Educational Performance in Elementary Schools

This research investigates the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on teachers' work motivation and its impact on educational performance at primary schools. The study addresses the crucial role of teacher motivation in enhancing school education quality. Using a quantitative, descriptive-correlational methodology, the study examined the statistical relationships between intrinsic factors, such as job satisfaction and commitment, and extrinsic factors, such as financial rewards and work environment, on teachers' motivation. Data was gathered from 60 respondents, selected through purposive sampling, and analyzed using multiple linear regression and Pearson correlation. The results revealed that intrinsic factors had a stronger impact on work motivation than extrinsic factors, though both were significant. Teachers who experienced greater job satisfaction and commitment exhibited higher motivation, ultimately leading to better performance in teaching. The study concludes that strategies for improving teacher motivation should prioritize intrinsic factors, while still recognizing the importance of supportive extrinsic elements. This research provides valuable insights into balancing motivational strategies and suggests further exploration in diverse educational contexts to validate the findings.

The Relationship Between Knowledge Level and Attitudes of Mothers of Toddlers Towards Visits to Posyandu In Janti Village, Tarik District, Sidoarjo

One of the objectives of the Posyandu program is to reduce nutritional problems. The rate of malnutrition in Sidoarjo Regency is 3.8%, at the Tarik Health Center it is 0.13%, and in Janti Village, it reaches 5.13%. Malnutrition negatively impacts toddler growth. In 2023, the visit rate of toddlers to Posyandu in Janti Village was low, at only 32.1% of the total number of toddlers in the village, resulting in suboptimal monitoring of their growth. One factor influencing mothers' visits to Posyandu is their knowledge and attitude.This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design, aiming to analyze the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of mothers of toddlers towards visits to Posyandu in Janti Village, Tarik District, Sidoarjo. The population consisted of 224 mothers of toddlers, with a sample of 70 respondents selected randomly through random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires on the knowledge and attitudes of mothers towards Posyandu, as well as attendance records at Posyandu, and analyzed using Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact tests.Most respondents were aged 25-34 years (72.9%), had completed high school education (50.5%), and were housewives (62.6%). They generally possessed good knowledge about Posyandu (68.6%) or adequate knowledge (31.4%). Regarding visitation, 64.3% were active and 35.7% were inactive. This suggests that positive knowledge and attitudes towards Posyandu significantly influence visitation rates, supported by statistically significant results with a p-value of 0.001 (≤ 0.05).There exists a relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes of mothers towards visits to Posyandu.

학부모와 교원의 경험을 통해 살펴본 학부모 학교참여의 실태와 쟁점: 서울특별시 초등학교를 중심으로

The main purpose of this study was to explore the current status and key issues of parental participation in school by analyzing the experiences of parents and teachers. To achieve this, focus group interviews were conducted with parents, teachers, and school managers from six elementary schools under the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education. The results of the study are as follows. First, a gap existed between parents' and teachers' expectations regarding parental participation in school. Second, for both parents and teachers, parental participation in school was seen as a supportive activity for school education. Third, differing understandings and interpretations were observed among school members concerning the degree of parental participation and communication. Fourth, it was found that parents' participation in school was significantly influenced by parent association executives, school managers, and teachers. Fifth, participants recognized the positive aspects of parental school participation as a meaningful indicator of its educational benefits. Based on the results of this study, discussions and tasks for fostering parents' autonomous participation in schools were presented.

미술치료 전공 학부생의 임상실습, 수퍼비전, 학부과정 경험에 대한 질적 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore through qualitative research the experiences of undergraduate students majoring in art therapy in clinical practice, supervision, and undergraduate courses, and to analyze the intrinsic meaning of these experiences. Methods Data were collected through two in-depth interviews with six undergraduate students majoring in alco-hol treatment. The interviews used a semi-structured questionnaire to encourage undergraduate students to talk freely about their experiences in clinical practice, supervision, and undergraduate courses. The collected data were analyzed using open coding according to qualitative research methodology, and themes were derived inductively. Through this, the main themes and subcategories experienced by the participants were identified and the research results were derived. Results As a result of the analysis, 6 main areas, 14 categories, and 37 subcategories were derived. In clinical practice, external factors such as conditions of the practice institution, workload, communication between thera-pists, and changes in clients, and internal factors such as self-criticism, tension while performing roles, and sense of accomplishment after practice were identified. The supervision experience consisted of process aspects such as close supervision and shared experiences with colleagues, as well as academic and emotional support from the supervisor. During the bachelor's course, self-exploration, anxiety and burden about art work, and interaction with classmates served as factors that promoted improved future vision and psychological growth. Conclusions These findings provide significant implications for establishing criteria for selecting clinical practice institutions, improving supervision education, and enhancing the role of school education in undergraduate pro-grams aimed at training art therapists.

ÍNDICE DE IMUNIZAÇÃO DE TUBERCULOSE NO MUNÍCIPIO DO SUL DO TOCANTINS-GURUPI-TO.

The present article in question focuses on the tuberculosis immunization rate in the municipality of Gurupi, which is located in the south of the state of Tocantins. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Koch’s Bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and transmissible in its pulmonary form. In this study, a quantitative research of a documentary, statistical and retrospective nature was carried out as a data collection instrument, in addition to searching for concepts in some articles collected in the databases of the virtual library Scielo, Lilacs, Google Scholar that were related to the topic addressed and to the intended objectives. The data collected on the Datasus platform were tabulated in tables with the various variables found, including age, race, sex, education level, among others. Therefore, epidemiological research showed an expansion of tuberculosis in the last 10 years in the municipality. From this perspective, the predominance of male tuberculosis cases stands out, in a mixed-race population and people with only elementary school education.

Collaborative approaches to health education: perspectives of parents and teachers on self-care and managing common health issues in UK primary schools

BackgroundHealth education in primary schools plays a critical role in equipping children with essential self-care skills, fostering health literacy, and addressing social determinants of health. This study explores the perspectives of parents and teachers on teaching self-care and managing common health issues in UK primary schools. Despite the recognized importance of health education, there is limited research on how self-care education is perceived and implemented in the primary school setting.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 18 participants, including 9 generalist primary teachers and 9 parents from diverse educational and socioeconomic contexts in the West Midlands, East Midlands, Northwest, and London of England. Participants were recruited via social media and professional networks, and interviews were conducted via video conferencing platforms. Data were thematically analysed using NVivo 12 to identify recurring themes related to the delivery and impact of self-care education in primary schools.ResultsTeachers and parents highlighted key self-care topics, including hygiene, managing common illnesses like colds and cuts, and mental well-being. There was a consensus on the importance of self-care education, but views diverged on whether the responsibility should lie primarily with schools, parents, or a collaborative approach. Teachers expressed concerns about their preparedness to teach sensitive topics, citing a lack of training and resources. Socioeconomic and religious contexts further influenced perceptions, with participants emphasising further importance of school-led self-care education for children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Strengths were identified in current self-care education efforts, particularly in practical lessons that empower children with age-appropriate skills.ConclusionsThis study highlights the critical need for comprehensive and collaborative health education in primary schools to promote health literacy and reduce health disparities. Enhancing teacher training, integrating self-care topics into the primary curriculum, and fostering stronger partnerships between schools and families are essential to improving the quality and consistency of self-care education. Policymakers should consider implementing mandatory health education training in teacher education programs and providing ongoing professional development to support teachers. By addressing these gaps, schools can play a pivotal role in preparing children for lifelong health management, reducing the burden on healthcare services, and supporting public health objectives.

Active Teaching-learning Methodologies in Higher Education: A Project with the Community

Active teaching-learning methodologies are a reality at the School of Education and Social Sciences of the Polytechnic of Leiria (Portugal), namely through the articulation with institutions of the community. The qualitative research presented in this article intends to analyse the perception of the students who are attending the Higher Professional Technical Course in Sociocultural and Sports Intervention, specifically concerning the importance of these methodologies in a project carried out with the District Hospital of Leiria. During the development of this partnership, 42 students were challenged to collaborate throughout the training process and, at the end, they were asked to write a report, which was considered the data collection instrument. These individual reports include descriptions, analyses and reflections that were processed through content analysis, using categories, and adopting an exploratory approach. The results showed that the students considered that this methodology of teaching-learning allows them to acquire know-what, know-why and know-how competencies. Moreover, they admit that the articulation with external institutions contributes to a better acquisition and mobilisation of practical knowledge that they will be able to apply to different situations, spaces and times in their future professional lives. Keywords: higher education, active teaching-learning methodologies, pedagogic innovation, community intervention, transdisciplinarity

Bibliometric Analysis of Education Budget Management and School Infrastructure Quality in Disadvantaged Areas

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of research focused on education budget management and school infrastructure quality in disadvantaged areas from 2000 to 2024. The analysis explores key themes such as financial management, infrastructure development, and the role of technology in enhancing educational outcomes. Results reveal that effective budget management and strategic resource allocation are pivotal in improving school facilities and overall educational quality, particularly in under-resourced regions. The integration of technology, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, offers promising solutions for bridging gaps in access and learning quality, although the digital divide remains a significant challenge. Furthermore, strong leadership and community involvement are identified as crucial for the successful implementation of educational reforms. This study underscores the importance of a holistic approach that combines financial management, infrastructural improvements, and technological integration to address educational disparities in disadvantaged areas.

Social Reintegration and Stigma Among Childhood Cancer Survivors in West Kenya.

Purpose: The population of childhood cancer survivors in low- and middle-income countries is set to increase due to diagnosis and treatment advancements. However, cancer is still associated with stigma that may hinder societal re-entry. This study explores the social reintegration and stigmatization of Kenyan childhood cancer survivors to develop targeted interventions for follow-up care. Methods: Adult survivors of childhood cancers who completed treatment at the largest referral hospital in Western Kenya were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires between 2021 and 2022. Stigma was assessed using the Social Impact Scale. Results: Twenty-six survivors (median age 20 years) were interviewed, with 16 (62%) being males. All survivors missed classes during treatment, and 16 (62%) had to repeat school grades after treatment completion. Many (13; 50%) reported negative feelings about the situation at school. Six (23%) were excluded from school activities and four were bullied (15%). Most 25 (96%) could not openly speak about cancer to all community members. Reasons for lacking social support, avoidance, and discrimination were cancer is a curse, contagious, or inheritable. Nine (35%) felt that their marital prospects were negatively affected by their cancer history. Stigma was higher for survivors who received a negative response after cancer disclosure (p = 0.001) and survivors with negative perspectives on their marital prospects (p = 0.002). Survivors recommended community and school education, peer support groups, and counseling. Conclusion: Childhood cancer survivors in Kenya face difficulties with social reintegration and stigmatization. Outreach campaigns focusing on education at schools and communities should be implemented. Counseling and support groups may facilitate re-entry into society.

Challenges experienced by remedial education program in peri-urban primary schools in Zimbabwe. Case study of Riki Primary School in Mashonaland Province, Seke District.

The major concern of the study was that despite having remedial education programs in Zimbabwe schools, the performance in peri-urban primary schools is not below expectation. The purpose was to examine the challenges experienced by remedial education programs in peri-urban primary schools as perceived by remedial teachers, and school administrators. The study used document analysis as the foundation of data collection. Interview questions were used to collect data from teachers and school administrators. Focus group discussions was used to collect data from teachers through using ZOOM online meeting. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data. The collected data was clustered into themes in line with the study objectives. The findings identified challenges such as lack of remedial learning resources, stigma and discrimination, class size, facilitator expertise, and high teacher-learner ratio. Therefore, the study concluded that remedial education in Zimbabwe's peri-urban primary schools was ineffective. The study recommended that there is need for the government through the Ministry of Education to revise and review the Zimbabwe school remediation policy, train teachers on how to administer remedial lessons, and provide adequate support to promote effective remedial education.

Innovative Learning Planning in the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project in Islamic Religious Education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah and Elementary Schools

This research aims to examine innovations in lesson planning within the context of the Project to Strengthen the Students Profile of Pancasila in Islamic Education at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah and Elementary Schools. Through a literature review method, the study identifies innovative strategies that can be applied to enhance the Pancasila student profile. The analysis includes educational theories, previous research, and the concept of the Pancasila student profile, along with its relevance to Islamic education at the elementary level. The findings indicate that innovations in lesson planning – such as using educational technology, project-based learning approaches, and integrating Pancasila values into the curriculum – can improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning. These findings have practical implications for educators in designing and implementing innovative teaching strategies to support strengthening the Pancasila student profile.

Explanation of the Meaning and Exploration of the Path of Collaborative Parenting between Home, School and Society

With the deepening of education reform, the importance of collaborative parenting between home, school and society is becoming more and more prominent. The purpose of this paper is to explain the connotation, significance and importance of home-school-society collaborative parenting, and to explore its realization path. Collaborative parenting refers to the participation of families, schools and communities to form educational synergy and promote the overall development of students. Collaborative parenting between home, school and community is the inevitable pursuit of the implementation of moral education, an important guarantee for the healthy growth of students, and a necessary condition for the creation of a favorable educational environment. In order to efficiently realize the synergistic education of home, school and society, it is necessary for the government to strengthen coordination, schools to play a leading role, families to fulfill their main responsibilities, and the community to actively participate in the support, so as to build a good parenting system.

Building Cybersecurity Culture in Education as Imperative for Youth to Thrive in Digital Society

This paper argues for integrating dedicated cybersecurity courses and programs within school and higher education curricula to drive mass cyber-socialization and develop responsible digital citizenship among youth. Immersive cybersecurity education through simulations, community linkages and holistic culture building can transform habits and mindsets to address risks like hacking, misinformation and privacy breaches students face online. Recommendations are provided for nationwide implementation through policy measures, public advocacy and educator capacity building. Mainstreaming cyber education can empower youth with competencies and values for secure and progressive digital futures.

Appraisal of Compliance to Implementation of National Language Policy as it Affects Yoruba Language in FCT Primary and Secondary Schools

Despite the fact that the National policy on Education has for years unequivocally stated the importance of Nigerian Languages in effective and functional teaching and learning in primary and secondary schools, governments at various levels and other implementers of the language policy has been reluctant to implement its content to the letter. Consequently, teaching and learning of Nigerian Languages, including Yoruba has suffered a serious setback. The focus of this research is the appraisal of the compliance level of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) education policy makers, stakeholders and school administrators to the teaching of Yoruba language in FCT primary and secondary schools, using eighteen (18) randomly selected schools as areas of study. Those primary and secondary schools were selected across the six Area Councils with consideration for the urbanity and rurality of the school environment to achieve reliable and valid results. Questionnaires were distributed and analyzed; Descriptive Survey Design was employed for the analysis and frequency count, percentage and mean were used to arrive at reliable results. The outcome of the research was used to illuminate how the low compliance to the implementation of the National Language Policy in FCT has militated against proper teaching of Yoruba language in FCT government primary and secondary schools.

Role of public schools in education decisions in rural India

AbstractEducation is a fundamental pillar of human development, and India's Right to Education Act 2009 established it as a basic right for children aged 5–14. Despite this, many children in rural India still struggle to access basic schooling, which affects their ability to continue their education. In this paper, we explore factors influencing school participation and continuation of children aged 5–16 years in rural India, with a specific focus on the role of having an appropriate public school within the village after the Act's implementation. An ‘appropriate school’ is defined based on the last class a child attended. Using data from the nationally representative Annual Survey of Education Report (ASER), our analysis employs a pooled cross‐section logistical model. The findings reveal that the presence of an appropriate public school in the village significantly increases the likelihood of a child attending school. This effect is particularly pronounced for girls, highlighting the importance of accessible schooling in fulfilling the Right to Education Act's objectives.The results underscore the need for policy makers to ensure the availability of appropriate public schools at all educational levels within villages, as this is crucial for enhancing school attendance and reducing dropout rates, especially among girls. Context and implications Rationale of the study: To understand how inadequate and unequal access to school infrastructure, especially the absence of government schools, explains a significant proportion of children in India not completing their schooling. Why the new findings matter: The findings strongly underscore the importance of ensuring access to a school within the village, particularly for girls. Implications: There is a need to view school education as one composite goal to enhance participation and reduce dropout rates across all levels, aligning with the Samagra Shiksha scheme's principles of equitable access to all levels of education and inclusion of disadvantaged groups. Achieving these goals requires investment in existing school infrastructure to support expansion and resource provision for higher levels of schooling. With educational spending at approximately 3% of GDP between 2010 and 2020, much lower than the 6% recommended by the National Education Policy 2020, addressing this gap presents an opportunity to improve educational outcomes nationwide.

Penggunaan Internet dan Peluang Berwirausaha di Indonesia

Currently, the internet has become a necessity in social and economic life that provides convenience in communication and social interaction. In addition, the presence of the internet supported by advances in digital technology is expected to provide business opportunities. Internet access has become easier with the increasing use of mobile phones/handphones. This study aims to see the effect of internet use on entrepreneurial opportunities in Indonesia through descriptive analysis methods and binary logistic regression. This research uses data from the 2019 National Socio-Economic Survey. Entrepreneurs in this study are limited to individuals who try to be assisted by permanent workers or paid workers in the age range of 25 to 44 years. Of the 348,735 samples that were the analysis units, 7,108 were entrepreneurs or around 2.04 percent. This study found that individuals who use the internet have a higher chance of becoming entrepreneurs than individuals who do not use the internet and this finding is statistically significant. In addition, the level of education significantly influences individuals to become entrepreneurs, but individuals with higher education have a lower tendency to become entrepreneurs than those with high school education or below. Keywords: Internet, Binary Logistic Regression, Entrepreneurship