School Semester Research Articles

Development of Learning Modules for Senior High School Semester V Based on the Independent Curriculum

This research is about the creation of a learning module for the 5th semester of high school based on the Independent Curriculum with the theme "die Familie (Family)". This research focuses on the creation of printed learning modules. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method through data collection using questionnaires with data sources from the Independent Curriculum, German books and information from the Internet. This development research is a development that uses Richey and Klein's theory. The research model consists of 3 steps, namely: 1) Planning, 2) Making, 3) Evaluation. The result of this research is a printed module in the form of a German language learning module for the theme "die familie (Family)". This learning module has gone through the process of material and design validation and received an assessment from experts of 93.75.

School mask policies and SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among school-age children-United States, September to December 2021.

During the U.S. Fall 2021 school semester, the estimated proportion of previously uninfected school-aged children who experienced a first infection with SARS-CoV-2 was lower in areas where public school district policies required masks for all staff and students compared with areas where the school districts had no mask requirements. Because children are more likely than adults to experience asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infections, the presence of infection-induced antibodies is a more accurate measure of infection history than clinical testing. The proportion of children with these antibodies (i.e., seroprevalence) can improve our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 by detecting more infections and eliminating potential bias due to local testing and reporting practices. Enhanced robustness of surveillance for respiratory infections in children, including records of mitigation policies in communities and schools, as well as seroprevalence data, would establish a better evidence base for policy decisions and response measures during future respiratory outbreaks.

تأثير طريقة التّقليد والتّحفيظ باستخدام البطاقة الذّكيّة في فهم المفردات العربيّة لدى طلاب مدرسة أندلوسيا الابتدائيّة الإسلاميّة تابان

The researcher found problems in understanding vocabulary among fourth-grade students at Andalusia Islamic Primary School in Tapan. There are many educational methods and means that can be creative, including the game. There are no attractive educational methods in teaching vocabulary. Students think that the Arabic language is difficult, boring, and less interesting. Objectives of this scientific thesis: 1) Determine the effect of the method of imitation and memorization using the smart card on understanding Arabic vocabulary among students in the fourth semester of Andalusia Islamic Primary School, Taban. 2) To determine the extent of the effect of the method of imitation and memorization using a smart card on understanding vocabulary among students at Andalusia Taban Primary School. In this study, the researcher used multiple choice pre-test and post-test data collection. Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) 000 < 0.05. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is acceptable, meaning that there is a significant impact on the effect of the method of imitation and memorization using the smart card on understanding Arabic vocabulary among the students of Andalusia Islamic Primary School, Tapan.

Influence of Peer Corrective Feedback (PCF) on Students' Writing Skills in Hortatory Exposition Text

This study aims to determine the influence of peer corrective feedback (PCF) treatment on students' writing skills in the hortatory exposition text of grade XI in the second semester of vocational high school. This research used a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent pre-test and post-test control group design. The data were collected from forty-three students from the experimental and control groups through observation, tests including pre-test and post-test, and treatment through feedback responses and PCF form for the experimental class. The data were analyzed by using a paired sample t-test to compare the writing skills in each of the two classes, and an independent sample t-test to determine the influence of peer corrective feedback on students’ writing skills. The paired sample t-test indicated a significant difference in writing skills between both classes. The independent sample t-test showed that peer corrective feedback positively influenced students' writing, helping with the correction and revision process, as a result, it is improving their hortatory exposition writing skills. It also enhanced their learning experience and motivation in the classroom as it was supported by more interactive and communicative learning through a collaborative learning environment.

Financial strain, schooling modality and mental health of US adults living with children during the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic upended contexts for families; relatively little work has studied the influence of rapidly changing contexts on the mental health of parents. We aimed to assess the relation...

Predictors of Success in Obtaining Postgraduate Residency or Fellowship

ObjectiveAs more pharmacy students are pursuing postgraduate training, colleges of pharmacy are investigating ways to predict success in matching for residency or fellowship. While data have been published about characteristics predictive of matching, we sought to study student scores, rotation types, and rotation evaluations as predictors of success. MethodsData were collected from students in the graduating classes of 2021, 2022, and 2023. Students were surveyed on participation in mock interviews, numbers of programs to which they applied, and number of interviews received. In addition, data were collected on impostor phenomenon, grit, perceived stress, anxiety, grade point average (GPA), types of patient care rotations, and preceptor evaluations. ResultsOverall, 295 students were included, with 69 unsuccessful and 226 successful students. Successful students were more likely to have lower Perceived Stress Scale-10 scores in the final 3 semesters of school, a higher GPA, more elective patient care rotations, and more preceptors who answered “Yes” to “Would you hire this student?” after graduation. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, final GPA and preceptors answering affirmatively to “Would you hire this student?” were independent predictors of success in obtaining a postgraduate position. ConclusionAs colleges of pharmacy prepare students for postgraduate residencies or fellowships, in addition to GPA, stress levels during the final 3 semesters of pharmacy school may be areas on which to focus. Given that willingness of a preceptor to hire a student after graduation was a predictor of success in securing a postgraduate position, this should be explored in future research.

Increasing intensity of enterovirus outbreaks projected with climate change

Pathogens of the enterovirus genus, including poliovirus and coxsackieviruses, typically circulate in the summer months suggesting a possible positive association between warmer weather and transmission. Here we evaluate the environmental and demographic drivers of enterovirus transmission, as well as the implications of climate change for future enterovirus circulation. We leverage pre-vaccination era data on polio in the US as well as data on two enterovirus A serotypes in China and Japan that are known to cause hand, foot, and mouth disease. Using mechanistic modeling and statistical approaches, we find that enterovirus transmission appears positively correlated with temperature although demographic factors, particularly the timing of school semesters, remain important. We use temperature projections from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to simulate future outbreaks under late 21st-century climate change for Chinese provinces. We find that outbreak size increases with climate change on average, though results differ across climate models depending on the degree of wintertime warming. In the worst-case scenario, we project peak outbreaks in some locations could increase by up to 40%.

Prevalence and Correlates of Psychiatric Symptoms Among Medical Students in Punjab: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Pain is evident, pressure, hopelessness and anxiety-is equally well-known to students with each passing academic semester in medical school. To understand the frequency and reasons of mental symptoms in MBBS students, the current study aims at investigating the level of MBBS students at several medical colleges in Punjab, Pakistan. Objective: To compare the results of stress, depressive, and anxious symptoms of several numbers of medical students studying in different medical colleges in Punjab and secondly, to evaluate the role of several demographics on these mental health indicators. Methods: The cross-sectional survey was completed between September 2023 to May 2024 with 350 medical students from multiple private and government medical colleges in Punjab. A cross-sectional survey was carried out including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) as the research tool and the data aspires to be statistically analyzed. Results: the results indicated that the percentage of the medical students who reported to be stressed, sad, or anxious was 47.3%, 55.7%, and 61.4%, respectively. Female students also claimed higher levels of depression compared to male students 58.3% vs. 50. 1%, (p ≤0.01) and higher levels of anxiety 65.2% vs. 55.1%, (p ≤0.03). Students in rural locations reported greater levels of stress (52.6% vs. 43.2%, p ≤0.04) than urban ones. Conclusion: The study linked high levels of mental symptoms among medical students in Punjab to characteristics such as being a female student or originating from a rural area. The current study emphasizes the necessity of targeted programs and activities in the areas of mental health promotion and preventive measures among medical college students.

Exploring the Use of Augmented Reality in a Dodgeball School Sports Club

PURPOSE This study aimed to explore ways to utilize augmented reality (AR) in school sports and leisure by examining the case of an elementary school sports club using augmented reality-based e-sports. METHODS A self-study approach and Eisner's(1995) educational criticism were utilized. Data including photos, videos, literature, and memory boxes related to the elementary school AR sports club were collected weekly during the school semesters from March 2023 to January 2024, spanning a total of 30 weeks. The data were analyzed following the stages of analysis by Elo & Kyngäs(2007). RESULTS Augmented reality can act as a personalized exercise coach by visualizing physical activity information. Through posture and movement analysis, education on physical strength and expression can be provided that is linked to home; it can also expand the range of sports experiences and create a new sports culture. In order to effectively utilize AR, edtech field experts must be trained, and content must be developed through cooperation between companies and schools. The educational effectiveness of the content must be verified and the management system must be inspected, and public facilities utilizing edtech must be expanded.CONCLUSIONS AR has endless development potential in school sports and leisure, but these will require active interest and support from educational authorities.

Using Conditional Entropy Networks of Ordinal Measures to Examine Changes in Self-Worth Among Adolescent Students in High School

We implement an analytic approach for ordinal measures and we use it to investigate the structure and the changes over time of self-worth in a sample of adolescents students in high school. We represent the variations in self-worth and its various sub-domains using entropy-based measures that capture the observed uncertainty. We then study the evolution of the entropy across four time points throughout a semester of high school. Our analytic approach yields information about the configuration of the various dimensions of the self together with time-related changes and associations among these dimensions. We represent the results using a network that depicts self-worth changes over time. This approach also identifies groups of adolescent students who show different patterns of associations, thus emphasizing the need to consider heterogeneity in the data.

Developing athletes into cooperative learners: the potential in viewing coaches as educators and coaching as teaching

ABSTRACT Talent development environments are usually group-based, meaning athletes comprise each other’s learning context. Consequently, athletes’ ability to learn with and from each other is essential. This implies that there is a key role for coaches to play in cultivating reciprocal, cooperative athletes and creating talent environments in which participants can ‘learn to learn’. The aim of this study was to create knowledge on day-to-day coaching conduct that supports the development of athletes’ reciprocal abilities. Observations of 75 h of football (soccer) lessons within the Swedish Football Association’s school sports programme – a cornerstone of the FA’s talent development system, located in upper secondary schools – were carried out over the course of three school semesters, and included in-depth interviews with the teacher-coaches. Data were analysed using the five key teaching pillars within a cooperative learning approach: positive interdependence, individual accountability, face-to-face interaction, interpersonal skills and group processing. Findings show how teacher-coaches engage in activities that focus on organization of lessons and structuring of group work to create situations where individuals are motivated to learn, but also motivated to support other group members’ learning. Thereby, teacher-coaches place more emphasis on positive interdependence, individual accountability, face-to-face interaction. In contrast, findings also show how teacher-coaches to a lesser extent perform coaching conduct associated with lesson content that has the potential to develop the skills and abilities required to participate in and benefit from group work – interpersonal skills, and group processing. This means that while teacher-coaches seem well-equipped to create learning environments that support reciprocal learning, they may benefit from challenging the role of the coach as an expert and tackle the preconceptions around cooperative behaviours that athletes bring from club football contexts. Taken together, these findings point to the need for a better understanding of overlapping learning sites within talent systems.

Evaluating the use of HEIghten critical thinking assessment to monitor critical thinking in dental students.

Critical thinking and evidence-based dentistry are skills that dental students are required to demonstrate, but monitoring and quantifying progress can be challenging. This study is investigating whether the HEIghten critical thinking assessment (HCTA) could be used as a potential tool, both for use prior to admitting students, and to monitor whether the students' skills improve over their time at dental school. Freshman dental students (n=92) were given the HCTA during their first semester of dental school. Statistical analyses were then performed to examine the association of Dental Admission Test (DAT) scores (overall, perceptual ability, and total science) and Grade Point Average (GPA) (overall and science) on critical thinking scores (total, analytic, and synthetic). There was a significant positive association between GPA, DAT scores and critical thinking scores. Our results indicate that the HCTA may be a useful tool to enable monitoring of students analytical and synthetic skills throughout their time at dental school.

초등학생의 공격성과 지각된 인기의 종단적 관계

Objectives This study investigated the prospective associations of aggression at the beginning of the school semester and perceived popularity at the end of school semester with the sample of 1,404 grade 3rd to 6th students in elementary school using Multi-Level Analysis. In addition, the study the contextual effects of peer community and friendship centralization in the prospective associations of aggression and popularity.
 Methods At student level, aggression and perceived popularity were measured through peer nominations. At classroom level, peer community consciousness was measured by aggregating the individual students’ a sense of peer community. Friendship centralization was measured by peer network survey.
 Results The results indicated that at the student level, relational aggression at the beginning of the semester was negatively related to perceived popularity at the end of the semester. At the class level, peer community was positively associated with perceived popularity at the end of semester, Moreover, peer community and friendship centralization moderated the prospective associations of relational aggression and perceived popularity.
 Conclusions According to our findings, higher peer community and lower friendship centralization mitigated the prospective associations of relational aggression and perceived popularity. This finding suggests that intimacy among peers and egalitarian friendship serves a crucial factor to foster health classroom peer ecology.

Reciprocal associations of perceived discrimination, internalizing symptoms, and academic achievement in Latino students across the college transition.

Despite growing evidence that perceived discrimination negatively impacts underrepresented ethnic-racial college students, there is a lack of longitudinal studies with multiple sources of discrimination as Latinos transition from high school (HS) to college. This study examined changes in peer, adult, and everyday discrimination across the college transition and tested concurrent, prospective, and reciprocal associations between these sources of discrimination, internalizing symptoms, and grade point average (GPA). Latino adolescents (N = 209; Mage at Time 1 = 18.10; 64.4% female; 85.1% Mexican descent) reported on discrimination experiences and internalizing symptoms during their final year of high school and first college semester. Participants' GPA was obtained from institutional records. Longitudinal data were analyzed using cross-lagged panel models. Adult discrimination remained stable while peer and everyday discrimination decreased from high school to college. All sources of discrimination were concurrently associated with internalizing symptoms, but not GPA, in high school and college. There were positive bidirectional associations between everyday discrimination and internalizing symptoms across the college transition. Adult discrimination during high school predicted increased discrimination from adults and peers in college. First-generation college students reported higher everyday and peer discrimination in college. Latino students' experiences of everyday and ethnic-racial discrimination in school may be more closely tied to psychological rather than academic adjustment in the first semester of college. First-generation college students and those who experienced higher adult discrimination or internalizing symptoms in high school appear to be more susceptible to increased perceptions of discrimination during the college transition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

AN ANALYSIS OF CULTURAL CONTENT OF ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR TENTH GRADE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This study aimed to discover aspects of cultural content and describe how the culture is represented in English textbooks using descriptive qualitative method with content analysis. The data were collected from the English textbook "Bahasa Inggris," designed for the first tenth-grade Senior High School semester based on the revised 2013 curriculum. The result shows that it is mainly presented through Universality across cultures in categories of culture (39,6%). The target culture (14,9%) has the slightest intention in this textbook. Next, most of the culture with the most minor parts is Perspective (10%). Meanwhile, the sense of culture was dominated by aesthetic sense (42,7%). Semantic sense (10%) has the slightest intention in this textbook. In this textbook, many cultures are not specific to any particular culture or country. In addition, this research also found an unbalanced quantity of data on this cultural aspect.

THE P5 AND PPRA MODEL IN INCLUSIVE SCHOOLS

Abstract
 This study aims to determine the P5 and PPRA models (Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila and Profil Pelajar Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin) as a Project of Strengthening Pancasila Student Profiles and Student Profile of Rahmatan Lil' Alamin in Inclusive Schools and their supporting and inhibiting factors. The subjects in this study were inclusive elementary schools in Kebumen, namely SD Negeri 2 Pejagoan and MI Maarif Sidomulyo. This study used a qualitative approach with a type of phenomenology. Data collection was through observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis techniques used were the Miles and Huberman model, namely condensation, display, and conclusion/verification data. The results of the analysis indicated that the P5 and PPRA model in inclusive schools had been outlined in the annual program and school semester program, which were then developed in the flow of learning objectives and teaching modules, making them flexible according to the characteristics of students with special needs. The existence of good partnerships between schools, families, and the community was the dominant factor supporting P5 and PPRA, and the lack of learning facilities and media was an inhibiting factor in strengthening P5 and PPRA.

Frequency of self-medication in students of the Medical School of the Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Rosario (Argentina) in the year 2023

Introduction: Self-medication is the use of medications on one's own initiative without medical prescription, treatment supervision, or diagnosis. Although in some cases it may be convenient to treat minor symptoms, irresponsible self-medication can lead to serious health consequences.Objective: To describe the frequency of self-medication in students of the Medical School of the Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI) - Rosario campus in the year 2023. Materials and methods: A quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, retrospective study was carried out at the UAI, Rosario, Argentina, from January to June 2023. The population consisted of 2nd and 5th year students of the 1st semester of the Medical School. The data collection instrument consisted of an anonymous, voluntary, self-administered survey consisting of 6 multiple-choice questions. The variables were summarized through measures of central position (mean) and measures of dispersion (range and standard deviation) and were expressed in absolute and relative frequency.Results: A total of 53 students were surveyed, of which 72% (n=38) were female and 28% (n=15) were male. The mean age was 28.58 ± 6.59 years (min: 20; max: 43). Fifty-seven percent (n=30) belonged to the fifth year of medicine and 43% (n=23) to the second year. Of these, 81% reported that the reason for self-medication was to have learned that the drug was useful for the reason for its use. The main illnesses that motivated self-medication were headache (94%), muscle pain (70%), flu (66%) and fever (64%). The types of self-medicated drugs reported were analgesics (91%), anti-influenza (66%), anti-inflammatory drugs (66%), antacids (53%), antibiotics (42%) and vitamins (34%). Ninety-eight percent stated that they had acquired medicines from pharmacies without a prescription, 26% from family medicine cabinets and 23% from relatives or friends, respectively Conclusions: It was found that all of the medical students surveyed had self-medicated at some point in their lives, with headache being the most common cause. The students reported using analgesics, anti-flu, anti-inflammatory, antacids, antibiotics and vitamins for self-medication

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Jurusan Menggunakan Metode TOPSIS Berbasis Web Studi Kasus: SMK Negeri 38 Jakarta Pusat

The selection of majors at SMK Negeri 38 Jakarta currently relies on a single opportunity during registration, without considering various factors that might influence students' choices. This underscores the necessity for developing a decision support system that can aid prospective students in selecting majors aligned with their interests, potentials, and characteristics. The aim of this research is to design and implement a decision support system using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method as an alternative to facilitate a more informed decision-making process. The research methodology involves data collection from prospective students, including personal interests, the average grades from the first to the fifth semester of junior high school, average school examination scores, registration pathways, and percentiles of grades. This data serves as input for the TOPSIS method to generate recommendations for study focus options that suit the characteristics of each prospective student. The research findings indicate that the implementation of a TOPSIS-based decision support system offers a more accurate possibility for major selection, aligning with the potentials and interests of prospective students. This system allows for data filtering and processing to produce recommendations guiding prospective students in choosing a suitable study focus among three available options: Hospitality, Culinary Arts, and Fashion Design. Conclusively, the decision support system using the TOPSIS method proves to be an effective solution in aiding new prospective students at SMK Negeri 38 Jakarta in selecting majors aligned with their interests and potentials, thereby reducing the tendency for errors in major selection based on a single registration opportunity.

Grades of university and college students decrease during the transition from high school to tertiary education: a latent change analysis of the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism

Academic performance tends to deteriorate during the transition from high school to post-secondary education. In this study, our goal was to investigate whether the degree of this performance deterioration differs across the four subtypes of perfectionism from the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism. Samples of 392 university students and 946 college students completed a perfectionism questionnaire. Their high school and first semester grades were obtained through the office of the registrar. Results of latent change analyses revealed that the grades of students decreased during the transition to university (–12%) and college (–4%). The four subtypes of perfectionism were associated with a different degree of performance deterioration and supported the four hypotheses of the 2 × 2 model of perfectionism. Both university and college students with pure socially prescribed perfectionism experienced the strongest decrease in academic performance and should be closely monitored during their transition into post-secondary education.

The Literary Ecology Forms and Implications of Guna Manusia Song Lyrics by Barasuara Band in Indonesian Language Learning

This research discusses the forms of literary ecology in the lyrics of Guna Manusia by the Band Barasuara and the implications for Indonesian language learning in Class X High School. The purpose in this research is to describe the ecological value of literature contained in the lyrics of Guna Manusia by Band Barasuara, in the form of the ecological values of pollution, natural disasters, residence or housing, and the earth, and their implications for learning Indonesian in class X High School. The approach used in this research is a qualitative one using the content analysis method. The data used in this research is finding out of quotations in the lyrics of the song Guna Manusia by Band Barasuara. The data collection techniques used documentation studies or literature studies. The lyrics of the song Guna Manusia by Band Barasuara are the main data source in this research. The results of the study found thirteen forms of literary ecological values contained in the lyrics of the song Guna Manusia by the band Barasuara. In the form of the ecological value of pollution, natural disasters, residence or housing, as well as the earth. The benefits of this research can be implicated and used as teaching material in learning Indonesian in class X, high school semester 2, with learning material for poetry musicalization.