School Hours Research Articles

The Role of Youth Family Development (BKR) in Improving the Quality of Youth

Abstract. Based on observations of adolescents' lives accompanied by discussions with PKK RW 11 mothers, several problems identified by adolescents in RW 11 were: the low awareness of parents and school-age children to study outside school hours. , many mothers do not understand the process of parenting children, especially teenagers, the lack of community activities aimed at teenagers and the low level of youth participation in community social activities and so on. Therefore it is necessary to carry out solutive actions that include solutions for mothers or families with children/adolescents and at the same time a solution for the youth themselves, namely by establishing Youth Family Development (BKR). The program for forming BKR or Youth Family Development in the RW 11 area is carried out using the mentoring method, namely in the preparation and formation of BKR, training which includes training for PKK administrators and prospective BKR cadres related to BKR management and communication skills, training for youth and procurement of goods for the smooth running of the BKR work program to be formed. The output of the program is the formation of BKR in the RW 11 area complete with its human resources and an initial work program that provides alternative solutions in dealing with the problems of adolescent and youth families in the RW 11 area. training for youth as well as procurement of goods for the smooth running of the BKR work program that will be formed. The output of the program is the formation of BKR in the RW 11 area complete with its human resources and an initial work program that provides alternative solutions in dealing with the problems of adolescent and youth families in the RW 11 area. training for youth as well as procurement of goods for the smooth running of the BKR work program that will be formed. The output of the program is the formation of BKR in the RW 11 area complete with its human resources and an initial work program that provides alternative solutions in dealing with the problems of adolescent and youth families in the RW 11 area.

Changing pedagogy in rural secondary schools through the technology, pedagogy, content, and spaces (TPeCS) knowledge framework

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic exposed insecurities and inequalities in schools. As such, there has been changing pedagogy in rural secondary schools in the uMkhanyakude district. Teachers adopted the technology, pedagogy, content, and spaces (TPeCS) knowledge framework, integrating planned behaviour. Teachers and learners engaged in discussion as a means of teaching and learning mathematics after school hours. This implicated cultural and sociological dimensions that were common among rural teachers and learners. Although the findings of this study could not be generalised, an all-encompassing framework for rural secondary school teachers and learners through online discussions is recommended. Novel technology-enhanced out-of-school teaching and learning activities were developed through progressive, participatory action-research. Furthermore, the findings support collaboration and a new contextualised theory called the technology, pedagogy, content, interaction, and spaces (TPeCIS) knowledge framework.

BOARDING-BASED SCHOOL PROGRAM; INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO NOURISHING RELIGIOUS CHARACTER VALUES

The aim of this research was to describe the concept of the Islamic boarding school-based school program in instilling students' religious character values and to determine the implementation and evaluation of the Islamic boarding school-based school program in instilling students' religious character values. The research method used a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this research were first, the Islamic boarding school-based school program is a program that integrates the curriculum in public schools with that in Islamic boarding schools which was launched by SMPN 2 Pasirian in collaboration with the Nurul Hayat Pasirian Islamic Boarding School. This program was a form of supporting and strengthening religious character education in students, especially regarding learning Islamic religious education (PAI). Second, this program was implemented from Monday to Thursday and during non-school hours, namely 13.00-15.00. The learning materials taught were reading and writing the Qur'an, memorizing short surahs, basic fiqh, and learning basic Arabic. Apart from that, the religious habituation model was also applied during school hours such as Duha prayers, reading Asmaul Husna or short surahs from the Al-Qur’an, giving alms in the form of money every Friday to be distributed to school students in need, and so on. Third, evaluate this program through three domains, namely the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains.

MODEL OF RISE OF MOVEMENT AT ST. PAUL CATHOLIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN PALANGKA RAYA

Traffic jams that occur in junior high schools during school hours can be prevented if before determining thelocation of the school, the school or other responsible parties first estimate the traffic generation on land use byknowing the magnitude of the generation, the geometry of the road sections in the area can be planned. school.The aim of this research is to obtain a movement generation model at schools in Palangka Raya City, which it ishoped can be used to estimate the number of movements coming to the school in the future, so that it can beused to anticipate problems arising from travel generation. This research was conducted at St. Paul CatholicMiddle School, Palangka Raya. The research used is quantitative descriptive research using survey methods. Themovement generation model for St. Paul's Catholic Middle School, Palangka Raya, after analyzing the simplelinear regression equation, which is most representative is Y4 = -2380,417 + 4,250 of 0.203. Factors that have astrong influence on the generation of movement at St Paul's Catholic Middle School in Palangka Raya are thenumber of students (X4) and the number of teachers and school employees (X5).

INNOVATIVE MODELS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION, HEALTH IMPROVEMENT, AND SPORTS MASS PROGRAMS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE USA

The article explores the innovative experience of reforming the physical education sector in the United States of America in line with the ideas of the domestic reform «New Ukrainian School». The article’s goal is to analyze, based on the study of normative acts and scientific literature, the modern programs organizing recreational, health-improving, and mass sports activities, both during and outside school hours, in the United States of America. It aims to determine the prospects for further implementing them into the Ukrainian school physical education practice.The analysis of progressive foreign experience, particularly innovative programs such as «Active Schools», «Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child», and the «Program of Comprehensive School Physical Activity», implemented at the national level in US general secondary education institutions, is aimed at implementing a global strategy to increase schoolchildren’s level of physical activity. This strategy focuses on forming a physically healthy, emotionally stable, and harmoniously developed generation that comprehends the importance of an active lifestyle, healthy nutrition, and aims for self-improvement.We’ve found that the identified innovative models for developing school physical culture in the USA show promise for utilization in Ukraine. Consistently, we define the ideas as follows: strengthening the educational emphasis of the discipline, thereby enhancing its status as a factor for increasing academic achievement and the socialization of students; reinforcing requirements for professional, particularly organizational and methodological, preparation of future physical education teachers; uniting schools and communities, educators, and parents, and engaging specialists (psychologists, doctors, dieticians, fitness trainers, etc.) to establish a culture of health, improve the physical fitness of students; directing both in-school and extracurricular physical activities toward wellness, promoting new forms of activity; enhancing the infrastructure of general secondary education institutions, making them inclusive and barrier-free for engaging in recreational and mass sports physical culture among different segments of the population.

Pathology teaching in different undergraduate medical curricula within and outside the United States: a pilot study

Pathology education is taught using different curricula in the United States (USA) and abroad. We evaluate and compare the hours spent in different forms of pathology teaching such as lectures, team-based learning (TBL), problem-based learning (PBL), and other methods taught in general and systemic pathology amongst different medical schools within the USA and outside the USA. The total number of lecture hours taught in general and systemic pathology combined was greater in outside schools than within the USA (141 h vs 97.8 h, respectively). Three subjects in general pathology and six subjects in systemic pathology had a significantly greater lecture hours in outside medical schools. The greatest difference was the hours spent in labs were longer for both general and systems pathology in schools outside the USA. The overall utilization of PBL in general and systemic pathology teaching combined was much greater outside the USA compared to within the USA (average overall hours PBL – 97.2 outside vs 16.5 in the USA), however, the reverse was observed for using TBL (average overall hours TBL – 59.5 outside vs 84.5 in USA). Average hours used with other methods of teaching was also greater in outside medical schools compared to USA medical schools (80.8 h vs 44 h, respectively). Pathology teaching in both general and systemic pathology has more extensive lecture hours, laboratory hours, PBL, and other methods of teaching pathology in outside medical schools with different curricula than USA medical schools. TBL is utilized more extensively in USA medical schools.

UPAYA GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENGATASI KENAKALAN PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI BULUREJO 2 DIWEK JOMBANG

Abstraction The aim of this research is to find out how Islamic Religious Education teachers try to overcome student delinquency at the Bulurejo 2 Diwek Jombang State Elementary School. This type of research is qualitative research, using a descriptive approach. The data collection technique is through observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive analysis which is carried out in depth through 3 stages, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of the research show that the efforts of Islamic religious education teachers to overcome student delinquency at the Bulurejo 2 Diwek Jombang State Elementary School were carried out by collaborating with students' parents, providing advice, guidance, motivating students, approaching and reprimanding students who commit a violation. Obstacles experienced by Islamic religious education teachers in dealing with student delinquency at Bulurejo 2 Diwek Jombang State Elementary School include: lack of cooperation between teachers and parents of students, limited time in providing guidance to students, students not being open with teachers, and free association of students outside school hours. Keywords: Islamic Religious Education Teacher; Student Delinquency

Pengaruh Jam Belajar Dan Akses Internet Terhadap Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Kelas C Ekonomi Pembangunan Tahun 2021

In educational institutions, learning performance is an important indicator for measuring the success of teaching learning. The goal of learning is the change in behavior that a person is expected to after a learning process. Factors that can affect the difference in learning outcomes of each student are internal and external factors. Internal factors are factors that exist in the individual who is studying. External factors are factors that exist outside the individual. Many things include internal and external factors, including long hours of study, environment and organization. The implementation of the learning process on campus cannot guarantee whether students can the IP as expected. The researchers therefore wanted to look at the impact of school hours, the environment, and the organization on the IP of Class C students in Development Economics. The research approach used by the author in this study is quantitative research. The total sample examined was 41 people based on the criteria that have been determined. The research uses the probability sampling technique, which is the method of Random Sampling. All members of the population are assumed to have equal opportunities to be selected as research samples.

Augmented Reality (AR): An Assistive Technology for Special Education Needs

Since 2017, the Ministry of Education has introduced Basic Vocational Skills subjects that able special students to master basic living skills in their schooling years underlying Secondary School Standard Curriculum – Special Education (KSSM –PK). The biggest challenge for individuals with ASD is to be independent and get jobs after schooling. Hence, beginning in 2017, Secondary School Standard Curriculum – Special Education (KSSM –PK) has introduced the Basic Vocational Skills subject, which students must master during their schooling years. From the preliminary study, many teachers revealed that they face difficulty delivering lessons primarily related to teaching and learning materials to enhance ASD students mastering living and vocational skills. Designing and developing effective teaching and learning aids, especially for children with special education needs are in alarming stages. Parents and caregivers indicated they face insufficient enhancement and practice learning tools for their children, especially after school hours. The guidebook and extra exercise books are essential for them to master their learning while at home. In response to the gap mentioned earlier and decipher the myriad of potential uses of Augmented Reality (AR) as an assistive educational technology, the current study aimed to design and develop a differentiated instructional pedagogical kit (Kit-MASAK) with AR to assist children with special education needs especially ASD students master in basic vocational skills Preparing and cooking skills). Methodologically, a total 3 students were involved in the phenomenological study. The preliminary analysis of the data summary across the case studies revealed that the Kit MASAK successfully brought contemporary content into the classroom, leading to an exciting teaching and learning environment among students. Furthermore, this study also provides several significant implications for the research and practice.

Knowledge of Primary School Teachers Regarding First Aid for Selected Common Injuries in Selected Schools in Bangalore

Every parent will take various measures and actions to keep their child safe and protect them from injury. Especially when they are not around them, like in schools and daycare. Children are spending more time at school; thus, teachers are responsible for their health. School teachers should know that first aid and primary school children come under an endangered group, which means that they are more prone to injuries. The study’s objective was to reveal primary school teachers’ knowledge regarding first aid in selected Bangalore schools and determine the efficiency of a structured teaching program on knowledge regarding first aid. A pre-experimental pre–post-test design was preferred for this study. The sample consisted of 52 primary school teachers selected using purposive sampling. The score was acquired through self-administered questionnaires using baseline Performa and questionnaires to measure the primary school teachers’ knowledge in selected schools in Bangalore, India. Among the 52 participants, 48.1% have poor knowledge, and 51.9% have moderate knowledge. All 100% of the subjects were female teachers, with a pre-test mean knowledge score of 14.52% and a post-test score of 22.63%. The obtained p-value of the mean difference between the pre and post-test is less than 0.001. It is concluded that there is a high relationship between primary and post-test knowledge scores of primary school teachers concerning first aid. The teacher’s negligence of the students and their failure to look after the child during school hours is the main reason for the cause of accidents at school. Proper first aid knowledge is important for those teachers to prevent further complications of accidents. It is concluded that a structured teaching programme among those school teachers will help improve their awareness and competency in the prevention and management of First aid.

Pain in Adolescence: Maternal and Paternal Factors Affecting Adolescents' Pain in Norway-A Cross-Sectional Study.

Pain in adolescence is considered a worldwide concern. Adolescents' pain affects family functioning. However, bidirectional associations should be considered as parental determinates such as pain, stress, and sociodemographic factors are also shown to influence pain in adolescence. This study explored the associations between maternal and paternal sociodemographic factors, pain, and stress and adolescents' pain, and stress on adolescents' pain. In total, 508 school-based Norwegian adolescents with a corresponding parent were included. All adolescents completed an electronic survey during school hours, and their respective parents responded electronically. The survey included sociodemographic data, the Perceived Stress Questionnaire, and the Brief Pain Inventory. Herein, 385 adolescents reported an average pain of 2.1 (SD, 1.9), and 308 of the participating parents reported an average pain of 1.6 (SD, 1.8). Regressions stratified by parental gender revealed nonsignificant associations in fathers' study variables predicting adolescents' pain. However, having the highest maternal educational level (p ≤ 0.01) and working part-time (p ≤ 0.01) were associated with lower pain in adolescents. The findings of this study demonstrated that sociodemographic factors such as high educational status in mothers and mothers working part-time were associated with lower pain in Norwegian adolescents. These findings highlight the importance of a holistic approach to pain management in adolescence.

Children's physical activity and sedentary behaviour in before school care: An observational study

ObjectiveIn Australia, less than one quarter of children aged 5–12 years meet national physical activity (PA) guidelines. Before school care operates as part of Out of School Hours Care (OSHC) services and provide opportunities for children to meet their daily PA recommendations. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with children meeting 15 min of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) while attending before school care. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 25 services in New South Wales, Australia. Each service was visited twice between March and June 2021. Staff behaviours and PA type and context were captured using staff interviews and the validated System for Observing Staff Promotion of Physical Activity and Nutrition (SOSPAN) time sampling tool. Child PA data were collected using Actigraph accelerometers and associations between program practices and child MVPA analysed. ResultsPA data were analysed for 654 children who spent an average of 39.2% (±17.6) of their time sedentary; 45.4% (±11.4) in light PA; and 14.9% (±11.7) in MVPA. Only 17% of children (n = 112) reached ≥15 min MVPA, with boys more likely to achieve this. Children were more likely to meet this recommendation in services where staff promoted and engaged in PA; PA equipment was available; children were observed in child-led free play; and a written PA policy existed. ConclusionsBefore school care should be supported to improve physical activity promotion practices by offering staff professional development and guidance on PA policy development and implementation practices.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES OF SOUTH KALIMANTAN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OUTSIDE SCHOOL HOURS

The aim of physical education is to develop physical abilities. Good physical abilities have an impact on students' ability to think and concentrate on learning. Children aged 5 to 17 years are recommended to do physical activity with a duration of 60 minutes in the moderate to vigorous intensity category. Physical activity done more than 60 minutes a day can provide body health. Learning PE at school, all the time available for learning is not fully used effectively so that to gain physical fitness students must spend time doing physical activities outside of learning hours. The aim of this research is to determine the physical activity carried out by students outside school hours. The sample for this research was 174 students in elementary schools throughout South Kalimantan. This research uses quantitative descriptive research methods. The technique used in taking samples is purposive sampling. The instrument used to obtain research data was the IPAQ questionnaire. The research results showed that physical activity carried out by students with heavy activities was mostly carried out for 3 days with a percentage of 28%, the time range used was 60-90 minutes a day. Students who do moderate activities mostly do it for 2 days with a percentage of 24%, the time span used is less than 60 minutes a day. Students' walking activities are mostly carried out for 7 days with a percentage of 61%, the time range used is 60-90 minutes a day. Students do most of the sitting activities for 7 days with a percentage of 59%, the time range used is 60-90 minutes a day. Elementary school students do a lot of physical activity in the moderate category with a range of 600 – 6000 MET-minutes/week as much as 51.72%.

Examining change in students’ self-regulated learning patterns after a formative assessment using process mining techniques

The growing popularity of e-learning platforms, such as learning management systems, has foregrounded the role of self-regulated learning (SRL) in student success. In many e-learning environments, students typically complete learning assignments outside of school hours with little or no instructor support, which requires students to be highly self-regulated. The current study used trace data from a Moodle platform to examine both the temporal pattern of students' SRL behaviors and changes in high- and low-performing students' SRL behaviors following a formative in-course exam. This study employed repeated-measures ANOVA, multivariate ANOVA, Fuzzy miner, and pMineR on 122,167 event logs from 527 undergraduate students. Findings revealed that students engaged in a loosely sequenced recursive SRL cycle. Following the formative assessment, each group made different adjustments to their SRL processes. High-performing students exhibited more SRL behaviors and developed more structured and interconnected SRL patterns. Low-performing students displayed a smaller increase in SRL behaviors while maintaining their established SRL patterns. Findings from this study could provide a more in-depth theoretical understanding of the nature of SRL cycles. Furthermore, students’ adjustment of SRL patterns in response to assessment may be informative for practitioners to assist students in enhancing their SRL through formative feedback.

Income and revenue analysis of garden egg leaf (Solanum aubergine) marketing among smallholder farmers in Onitsha and Awka agricultural zones, Anambra state

The study examined income and revenue analysis of garden egg leaf (solanum aubergine) marketing among smallholder farmers in Onitsha and Awka agricultural zones, Anambra State, Nigeria. Specifically, it described describe the socioeconomic characteristics, estimate the socioeconomic factors that determine the net marketing income, determines the profitability, the economic efficiency, and examines the constraints to garden egg leaf marketing. A multistage and random sampling procedure was used to select 160 respondents for the study. Data were collected from primary sources and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, enterprise budgeting, multiple regression, and relative importance index. Findings from the result show that the majority of the marketers are within the age limit of 25-35 years (56.25%), presence of female dominance, and a high percentage of marketers who sell both in the market, hawk in the street, events, and offices. Out of 12 independent variables included in the model, age, branding of product, education, household size and mode of delivery statistically and significantly influenced the net marketing income earned by the marketers. Profitability indicators such as net marketing income, return on investment, net return on investment, and coefficient of marketing efficiency of N441, 336.63, 1.3, 0.28, and 77% proved the enterprise profitable. The implication of the net return on investment figure is that the marketers return 28 kobo for every 1 Naira invested in the enterprise. The findings show that the perishable nature of garden egg leaf, inadequate price control, and hazards associated with hawking were perceived as the most serious constraints. Underage children should be encouraged to desist from street hawking especially during school hours also there is a need to address the activities of middlemen by relevant stakeholders to combat the price fluctuation in the marketing of garden egg leaves.

2652. Detection of respiratory viruses by air sampling and student and staff surveillance testing in two elementary schools

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for better data to understand how ventilation may impact respiratory virus transmission. We evaluated if there was an association between respiratory viruses detected in school room air samples and nasal swabs from students/ staff in the same room. Methods We performed air and respiratory sampling to detect respiratory viruses at 3 time points between Feb 27 - Mar 28, 2023 in 2 elementary schools. Three classrooms, a multipurpose room, and school nurse’s office in each school had 1 air sample/ room collected using Thermo Scientific AerosolSense™ sampler during 8 school hours. Concomitant respiratory viral testing, using self-collected nasal swabs, was performed in students/ staff enrolled in a respiratory virus surveillance school testing program. Air and respiratory specimens were tested for adenovirus (AdV); coronaviruses (CoV) 229E, HKU1, NL63, OC43; human metapneumovirus (hMPV), influenza A and B (Flu), parainfluenza virus 1-4 (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus/ enterovirus (RV/EV), and SARS-CoV-2 using the Hologic® Panther Fusion® Respiratory Assay. Detected respiratory viruses in room air and respiratory samples were compared to determine likelihood of capturing current human respiratory viral infections in room air and additional viruses circulating from unsampled students/ staff in the same room. RV and AdV in human respiratory samples were typed by partial genomic sequencing to understand if viruses were similar. Results Ten rooms, including 6 classrooms with ≈25 people/ room, were sampled at 3 occasions. At least 1 respiratory virus was detected in 27/ 30 (90%) air samples. 59 samples were obtained from 20 students and 5 staff in these rooms; 24 (41%) were positive for ≥1 virus and 11/24 (46%) rooms with concomitant air and respiratory samples had the same viruses detected (Table). RV typing demonstrates that both participants from Room E, Round 1 and 2 had RV-B27. Both participants from Room F, Round 2 with single AdV infections had AdV B3.Table.Concomitant respiratory virus detection from student and staff nasal swabs and air samplers (N=student/staff tested per room) Conclusion Concomitant respiratory virus surveillance in air samples and students/ staff can be performed to better understand the role of ventilation and respiratory virus transmission. Additional studies, including sequencing data and symptom assessment, are needed. Disclosures Rangaraj Selvarangan, BVSc, PhD, D(ABMM), FIDSA, FAAM, Abbott: Honoraria|Altona Diagnostics: Grant/Research Support|Baebies Inc: Advisor/Consultant|BioMerieux: Advisor/Consultant|BioMerieux: Grant/Research Support|Bio-Rad: Grant/Research Support|Cepheid: Grant/Research Support|GSK: Advisor/Consultant|Hologic: Grant/Research Support|Lab Simply: Advisor/Consultant|Luminex: Grant/Research Support

A HERMAN OTTÓ KÁRPÁT-MEDENCEI BIOLÓGIA VERSENYFELKÉSZÍTŐ HÉTVÉGE KÁRPÁTALJAI TAPASZTALATAI

Talent is our greatest natural treasure. Identification of talent and its development is one of the most important tasks of a teacher. Ensuring the development of talent in all its forms for national minorities is a vital issue. In our article, we present the comprehensive practice of training talented students, organized by the Transcarpathian Hungarian- speaking Pedagogical Society and the «GENIUS» Charitable Foundation, which takes place outside of school hours and is designed to prepare students for the biology competition named after Hermann Otto. The program lasts nine days (three times with three weekends) with the support of the Hungarian state. During this weekend, the invited students familiarize themselves with the curriculum defined for the competition and supplemented with knowledge specific to our region, the Carpathian Basin. We systematically evaluate the acquired knowledge and skills. During the designated weekend, following the principles defined by Passow, we focus primarily on the enrichment of quantitative and qualitative knowledge, in addition, we strive to develop effective learning strategies. Our goal is to present and demonstrate the preparation program for the Hermann Otto Biology Competition, which took place in 2017-2023, as well as the practice of its implementation and the basis of the experience gained. In the first part, we describe the method of student selection, and in the second – the thematic program. In the final part, we summarize the experience gained and consider the possibilities of further development. The program provides participants with an excellent opportunity to get acquainted not only with the traditional methods of knowledge transfer and assessment, common in our country, but also with the methods used in a neighboring country of the European Union. In addition to expanding their knowledge, students can gain experiences that will increase their self-confidence and they can see their future further education opportunities in a broader perspective. An international test of their knowledge can become a motivation for students and influence their school achievements in their home country. By sharing their impressions and experiences, they can also become a motivating force for their classmates. Modern prospects for the development of the educational system of Ukraine are aimed at the implementation of systems that already exist in the countries of the European Union. The named competition is aimed at the Central European level, and it corresponds to Ukrainian principles, since in the finals students can meet, compete and get to know each other from different countries (such as Hungary, Slovakia, Romania, etc.). Keywords: Transcarpathia, Genius Charitable Foundation, Transcarpathian Hungarian Pedagogical Association (THPA), Herman Ottó Transcarpathian Basin Biology Competition, Talent education.

Students Are Happier In Madrasah: The Results of Bayesian Analysis on Indonesian National Survey Data

Islamic education is an important part of the Indonesian education system. This is not only because Indonesia is the biggest Muslim country in the world, but also because Islamic education has a social, cultural, and political role in Indonesian society. Nevertheless, madrasahs in Indonesia face several challenges entrenched from financial constraints. This leads to adverse consequences such as restrictions in the provision of infrastructure, inadequate quality of teachers, and low academic achievement in the national exam. Furthermore, students in madrasahs have more burdens than those in regular schools; for instance, students in madrasahs have more subjects to study, longer school hours, and must adhere to stricter rules and conduct. The challenges faced by madrasah raise concerns regarding its effects on students’ subjective well-being. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate whether there is a difference in students’ happiness between those who attend madrasahs and the regular schools. The data collected were based on the results of face-to-face interviews with 1,299 secondary education students in Indonesia. The results of the Bayesian ANCOVA analysis showed that the best-fitting model for predicting students’ happiness contained type of school and wealth level as predictors. The results also showed that the happiness level of madrasah students was significantly higher than their counterparts in regular high school. The finding is noteworthy because students’ happiness in madrasah is higher than in the regular school, despite the lower level of wealth. The results further discussed the literature on religiosity and happiness in the context of adolescent education.

Nutritional Status and Lifestyle Patterns among Primary School Pupils in Edo State, Nigeria: Implications for Health Promotion

Childhood nutrition and lifestyle patterns play a critical role in shaping the health and development of individuals, laying the foundation for a healthy adulthood. In Nigeria, Edo State faces a dual burden of malnutrition, with pockets of undernutrition coexisting with the rising prevalence of childhood obesity. This cross-sectional study assessed the nutritional status of primary school pupils in the State and explored lifestyle factors such as dietary habits and physical activity. Data were collected on 1805 pupils from sixteen randomly selected schools through anthropometric measurements and Administration Food Consumption Pattern Questionnaires. These data were analysed using SPSS version 23 and presented using frequency distributions, percentage distributions, mean, standard deviations, and chi-square. The study revealed that 77.0% of the respondents exhibited normal nutritional status, indicating a satisfactory outcome for a significant proportion of the school-age population. However, there was a worrisome prevalence of over-nutrition, with 14% of the pupils classified as obese 10.0% extreme tallness. Regarding dietary habits, most pupils reported consuming three meals a day, but a significant proportion relied on carbohydrate-rich foods, raising concerns about the nutritional adequacy of their diets. Regarding physical activity, a higher proportion of respondents engaged in activities during school hours, but participation was low after the school period. The study underscored the importance of addressing over-nutrition and promoting balanced diets and physical activity among primary school pupils in Edo State, Nigeria. Effective health promotion strategies must consider lifestyle preferences to improve the health and well-being of this vulnerable population to ensure a healthier future for Edo State's children

Prevention of School Bullying Among Adolescents of Individual Educational Organizations for Students with Disabilities: a Model of Antibulling Competence and Evaluation of its Efficiency

The scale of bullying among teenagers is becoming global. Students with intellectual disabilities are subjected to emotional, physical and mental pressure in educational institutions for children with disabilities, which ensures the need to develop and implement an anti-bullying competence model of prevention. The study involved 26 teenagers from Kursk Boarding School No. 3 at the age of 14-16. Data collection was carried out through observation and conversation using standardized methods for diagnosing the socio-psychological determinants of bullying. The implementation of the ascertaining and control stages of the formative experiment included diagnosing the risk of bullying, sociometric status and the prevalence of bullying in the educational environment, as well as evaluating the results using statistical methods of mathematical analysis (“Statistica 11.0”). Developed in accordance with the competency-based model of preventing school bullying among adolescents, the program is aimed at reducing the level of bullying through the optimization of their intragroup relationships. Evaluation of the results of its implementation testified to changes in the prevalence of bullying and a change in the status-role structure of the experimental group in comparison with the control group and with the results of primary diagnostics, and hence its effectiveness. The class team showed a high degree of cohesion, discipline and organization. Measures were successfully carried out to raise awareness of all participants in the educational process, to create a favorable socio-psychological climate in the school community for the comprehensive development of the personality of adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Adolescents demonstrated high activity not only during school hours, but also outside school hours.