Foundation Scholarship Research Articles

Exploring alternative economic pathways: a comparison of foundational economy and Doughnut economics

A number of intersecting crises are currently ongoing at multiple scales, including increasing inequality, environmental degradation, and climate destabilization, as well as new surges of populism and mounting public health threats. These emergencies question our economic model of past decades and provoke a rethinking of the general approach to economic policy from a multi-scalar perspective. In this article, we compare two approaches aiming to rethink economic development policy: foundational economy and Doughnut economics, and consider if and how they complement each other. We conclude that the two approaches are potentially complementary, most prominently in their call for high-income countries to refocus from growth per se to purpose-driven economic strategies that prioritize public services and redistribute incomes. However, they differ in respect to their geographical focus, environmental concerns, and application. To properly address tradeoffs between social needs and environmental effects, foundational scholarship would benefit from deeper engagement with the socioenvironmental perspective presented in Doughnut economics, which stresses the need to consider human-nature interlinkages. In sum, combining different aspects of the two approaches promises to provide a more robust response to contemporary challenges, especially for local policy making.

The Bureaucratic Ethos in Street-Level Work: Revitalizing Weber’s Ethics of Office

Abstract Despite the centrality of bureaucracy to both the theory and the realities of street-level bureaucracy, street-level scholars have rarely engaged with the concept of bureaucracy as such. We argue that Weber’s perspective on bureaucracy represents an indispensable source that may help us align the theoretical foundation of street-level scholarship with its empirical findings and bring attention to aspects of street-level work that are often overlooked. Drawing on a value-based reading of Weber, we propose an ethics of office-approach that allows us to see frontline workers’ discretionary practices as an integrated aspect of their bureaucratic ethos, which enables them to handle complex demands and multiple obligations. The ethics of office-approach further recognizes that their actual possibilities for doing so are related to their training and expertise within specific life orders characterized by different purposes and ethical codes. The approach therefore calls for contextual sensitivity. To develop our argument, and demonstrate the analytical range and usefulness of the ethics of office-approach, we present three case examples based on ethnographic studies of midwifery care, child protection, and citizen services.

Geographies of the Mudéjar in the Spanish Colonial Americas

Recent scholarship on the use of Islamic-looking motifs in the Spanish colonial Americas has questioned the value of approaches rooted in formal analysis and an understanding of this phenomenon, known as the mudéjar style, as a stylistic survival. Calling instead for more historically grounded research, scholars have advocated for contextual studies of mudéjar forms, among them the wooden ceilings often called alfarjes or artesonados. Their studies have sought out identities of the designers and builders of wooden ceilings, exploring construction techniques and recuperating period-specific terminology. Studies of the ways in which the ceilings conveyed meaning to their colonial-period viewers have been fewer. This essay explores their reception through the analysis of texts from the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries. It approaches the subject through two case studies, one centering on the region of Michoacán in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, and the other on cities in the Viceroyalty of Peru. Drawing primarily from ecclesiastic chronicles, it explores the ideas and values that the chroniclers and presumably some of their contemporaries projected onto wooden ceilings in churches, convents, and monasteries. The ways in which they described those ceilings were shaped by colonial-period conceptions of territories and their boundaries, and thus their writings map geographies of artistic production that differed considerably from the landscape traced in the field’s foundational scholarship.

Inclusive leadership and employee work engagement: a moderated mediation model

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between inclusive leadership and employee work engagement by identifying person-job fit as a mediator, and employee felt responsibility as a moderator.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a two-wave survey from 261 employees across various industries in China, the study tests hypotheses using hierarchical regression analysis with the PROCESS procedure developed by Hayes.FindingsThe results show that inclusive leadership is positively related to employee work engagement through person-job fit. The results further demonstrate that employees’ felt responsibility moderates the positive direct relationship between inclusive leadership and person-job fit as well as the indirect relationship between inclusive leadership and work engagement via person-job fit.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough two-wave data were used to test the model, issues of common method bias cannot be excluded because the data were collected from a single source (the employee).Practical implicationsOrganizations should promote and develop inclusive leaders in the workplace to enhance employee work engagement, and pay attention to employees' felt responsibility for their work to ensure effectiveness of inclusive leadership.Originality/valueIntegrating social information processing theory and person-environment fit theory, this study enriches the theoretical foundation of inclusive leadership scholarship. This study deepens the understanding of the mechanism underlying the link between inclusive leadership and work engagement, as well as an important boundary condition of this relationship, by examining the mediating role of person-job fit and the moderating role of felt responsibility.

Monumental Jesus: Landscapes of Faith and Doubt in Modern America

Monumental Jesus: Landscapes of Faith and Doubt in Modern America

The ‘Tree of Life’ or Pohon-Budi: An International Exhibition Celebrates a Global Heritage

This article by a team of scholars, activists and a designer describes an effort to understand a heritage shared across many cultures—the Tree of Life is a symbol that appears in the myths, crafts and arts of civilizations on every continent—and to bring that heritage alive through exhibits featuring present-day artisans and artists. After overcoming major administrative barriers, an exhibition on this sacred theme premiered in Kuala Lumpur in 2015, curated by a Malaysian–Indian team. Expressions brought together from 35 countries blended natural and cultural ecologies with the sensitivity of each creator, working with a range of materials. After Malaysia, the exhibition travelled to India, the USA, Canada, Taiwan and Thailand. It is expected to move to Bhutan, China, the UK and elsewhere once the pandemic condition allows. Meanwhile, documentation and publication have helped share a breathtaking resource of knowledge and design. Described as ‘a thread that links the world’, this Tree of Life celebration demonstrates the importance of investing in research to build a foundation of scholarship upon which heritage can be brought to life for new generations. Here, the creativity and innovation of those who are repositories of ancient wisdom make tradition relevant to new times, revealing heritage as a timeless process that can be managed and shared by bringing old and contemporary disciplines together in new and uniting partnerships that extend far beyond political borders. New opportunities have opened for participants, inspiring other efforts. Here, heritage not only identifies the identity of each participating culture. These identities also combine as a shared heritage of all humankind, with the Tree of Life as a symbol of caring for the earth and for each other.

Mission Accomplished? Critique, Justification, and Efforts to Diversify Gifted Education

Research on gifted education demonstrates how these programs contribute globally to the reproduction of social inequalities. Despite these findings, gifted education has been remarkably successful in the 21st century. However, the need to equate the inclusion of women, first‐generation students, and students with a migration background in gifted education has simultaneously intensified. Both developments are embedded in profound transformations of the education system globally, especially in the social diversification of student populations and the concurrent demand for excellence in academic research. The German Academic Scholarship Foundation (Studienstiftung) is the largest gifted education program in Germany and one of the oldest worldwide. In recent years, the Studienstiftung has tried to diversify their students. Based on a discourse analysis, which uses the concepts of justification, critique, and regimes of justification, I examine official documents of the Studienstiftung between 1925 and 2018. In doing so, I show that the spirit of the Studienstiftung and their handling of social statistics raise doubts concerning the successful diversification of their students—as the Studienstiftung has claimed. Finally, I discuss several measures that might be useful to support social diversification in gifted education in the future.

Transmitting Desire: An Experiment on a Novel Measure of Gun Desirability in a Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic and protests have marked an unprecedented increase in U.S. gun sales. But America has long been an outlier; the stockpile of private guns climbed to almost 300 million in 2017. Scholars use multiple theories to explain why gun sales have tripled since the early 2000s, and why disruptions like the pandemic might cause gun sales. However, scholars have difficulty evaluating these theories with existing retrospective estimates of gun sales and other measures, limiting their ability to test theory or suggest policy changes. This study uses the known increase in gun sales during the COVID-19 pandemic to introduce and experimentally validate a novel measure of gun desirability. With a sample of 4,240 U.S. residents, this project demonstrates that gun desirability is a valid measure of inclination toward gun ownership, and that a pandemic video vignette significantly increases overall gun desirability relative to a control video vignette. These results serve as a foundation for future scholarship to (1) discern gun desirability trends, (2) evaluate theorized causes of gun desirability, and (3) consider interventions on those conditions that arouse desire for gun ownership.

Scholarship Eligibility Decision Support Using Naive Bayes Case Study : Sandjojo Foundation Scholarship

Until now there are no basic rules to determine the candidates that worthy to receive Sandjojo Foundation scholarship at Soegijapranata Catholic University. Therefore, the scholarship’s recipients are not well-targeted.This project can help to solve problems by using Naive Bayes algorithm as a media for decision makers with criteria such as based on GPA of the students’ registran, total parents’ income, and must be an active student in organization. By using the registrant’s previous data, Naive Bayes algorithm can study the data for each criteria that are inputted to determine whether the applicant is eligble or not to receive the scholarship from Sandjojo Foundation. This project made using web base application and has been tested four (4) times with various kinds of test data and training data, with the accuracy results are around 50% until 65% and the time is lower than three (3) seconds.

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

Risk factors of colorectal cancer after screening colonoscopy

In the era of populational screening programs for colorectal cancer, evaluation of their quality and efficacy becomes an important issue. One of the main criteria taken into account when assessing the quality of a screening program is related to the risk of colorectal cancer developing in the period between the screening colonoscopy and the control examination. The objective of this article consists in presenting the results of the doctoral research carried out by dr. Paulina Wieszcza, a beneficient of the Polpharma Scientific Foundation scholarship. The objective of the doctoral dissertation was to investigate and discuss the relationship between the definition of risk groups as well as the quality of the study and the risk of colorectal cancer developing after the screening colonoscopy. The risk of colorectal cancer developing following adenomas being removed during the screening colonoscopy procedure was assessed using data obtained from the Colorectal Cancer Screening Program and the National Cancer Registry databases. The quality of the study was assessed on the basis of literature evidence regarding the adenoma detection rates (ADR). A total of 236.089 patients were included in colorectal cancer risk analyses, with at least one adenoma being detected in a screening study in 17.7% of cases. Over the follow-up period (median of 7 years, maximum duration of 14 years), colorectal cancer was detected in 439 patients. It was demonstrated that when the high-risk group was defined as patients presenting with adenomas ≥ 20 mm in diameter or high grade dysplasia rather than patients with ≥ 3 adenomas or adenomas ≥10 mm in diameter with high grade dysplasia or villous component (current definition), the number of patients requiring intensive surveillance can be reduced by 74% without any impact on the risk in the low-risk group. The literature review revealed a total of three studies which clearly showed that the risk of colorectal cancer significantly decreased with the increase in the endoscopist’s ADR. Restricting the high-risk group to patients with adenomas ≥ 20 mm in diameter or high-grade dysplasia facilitates optimized care being delivered to patients with a significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer. Scientific evidence is available for the important role of endoscopist’s ADR as the key parameter of the quality of colonoscopic examination.

Review: Where Dragon Veins Meet: The Kangxi Emperor and His Estate at Rehe

Review: <i>Where Dragon Veins Meet: The Kangxi Emperor and His Estate at Rehe</i>

Green Tea Catechin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Prevents Bone Loss in Hindlimb-Unloading Mice

Abstract Objectives Osteoporosis is a major health problem in the elderly characterized by bone loss and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue and associated with an increased risk of fracture. Prolonged bed rest, or physical inactivity during space flight causes rapid and marked bone loss. The effects of catechin, the main ingredient of Japanese green tea, on the bone are currently under study. It has been shown that green tea catechin modulates bone resorption in osteoclasts. However, there is no evidence supporting its inhibitory effect on bone loss during physical inactivity. In the present study, we investigated whether green tea catechin prevented bone loss through skeletal hindlimb-unloading in mice. Methods Female 8-week-old ddY mice were divided into five groups (n = 6–8 each) and subjected to: (1) normal housing fed a control diet, (2) sham unloading fed a control diet, (3) hind limb-unloading fed a control diet, (4) hind limb-unloading fed a 0.05% epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-containing diet, and (5) hind limb-unloading fed a 0.25% EGCG-containing diet for three weeks. Purified EGCG (97%) was used for green tea catechin. Results Bone mineral density of the tibia significantly decreased in hind limb-unloading mice. Treatment with 0.25% EGCG prevented bone loss and maintained trabecular bone mineral density more significantly than in cortical bones. The 0.25% EGCG diet inhibited decrease in the gene expression of alkaline phosphatase, a marker of bone formation, in the bone marrow in hind limb-unloading mice. Conclusions These results suggest that EGCG has ability to prevent bone loss induced by hindlimb-unloading in mice. These osteoprotective effects of EGCG may result from the inhibition of unloading-induced decrease in bone formation. Funding Sources This work was supported by the Honjo International Scholarship Foundation of Japan.

What lies beneath? Spectrality as a focal phenomenon and a focal theory for strengthening engagement with philanthropic foundations

AbstractFoundations are frequently referred to as a donor's dead hand, as a way to exert social, political, economic and cultural influence from beyond the grave. Building on this, our paper argues for a greater focus on and consideration of the significance of the spectral in philanthropy research and practice, particularly in relation to foundations. We argue that spectrality offers a focal phenomenon in philanthropy and a focal theory for moving foundation inquiry forward. Based on our systematic review of the social sciences literature on the spectral, we identify and offer four thematic clusters to frame insights about foundations in relation to relationality and decentring, narratives and representations, ethics and politics, continuity and change. Connecting foundation scholarship with existing debates about the spectral and vice versa, our work offers a basis for reflection and future research on the part of those immersed in the foundation world, and contributes to emergent scholarship about the spectral in organization and management studies.

303 Sleep Midpoint and Efficiency Moderate the Link Between Stress and Academic Cognitions in Latinx College Students

Abstract Introduction Latinx students are the largest ethnic/racial minority group in higher education, but are also the group least likely to graduate from a four-year institution. Research suggests that heightened stress perceptions may impede college students’ ability to perform well academically. Poorer sleep may compound the impact of stress on academic functioning. The present study examined the multiplicative effect of college-stress and actigraphy-measured sleep on academic cognitions within-and-across semesters. Methods 209 Latinx college students (Mage=18.95; 64.4% female, 85.1% Mexican descent) were assessed in the spring of the first year of college (T1) and fall of the second year (T2). At T1, participants wore an actigraph watch for 7 nights to measure total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and sleep midpoint. College-stress was assessed at T1 using the College Stress Scale. At T1 and T2, participants completed the Behavioral-Emotional-Cognitive School Engagement Scale, the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, and a scale assessing academic motivation. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the model fit of a two-factor model representing academic cognitions (engagement, self-efficacy, motivation) at T1 and T2. Latent variable path analysis models testing for moderation were conducted using Mplus. Results The CFA indicated excellent fit (χ2(5)= 2.91, p=.71, RMSEA=.00, CFI=1.00, TLI=1.01, SRMR=.02). College-stress was concurrently (β=-.19, p=.02), but not longitudinally, associated with academic cognitions. Sleep midpoint predicted academic cognitions at T1 (β=-.24, p&amp;lt;.01) and T2 (β=-.18, p=.03). Sleep efficiency (β=.18, p=.01) and sleep midpoint (β=-.17, p=.02) moderated associations between college-stress and T2 academic cognitions. Higher college-stress was longitudinally linked with lower academic cognitions for students with lower sleep efficiency (b=-.12, p=.01) and later sleep midpoints (b=-.14, p=.01). Conclusion Greater college-stress is concurrently linked with lower academic cognitions, whereas later sleep timing has both immediate and enduring consequences on students’ academic mindsets. The impact of college-stress on academic cognitions may depend on the quality and timing of sleep at the time of these stress perceptions. Programs that address stress reduction and sleep health may be promising interventions for improving academic well-being among first-year Latinx college students. Support (if any) This work was supported by a William T. Grant Foundation Scholars Award (184370) to L.D. Doane.

Rekomendasi Penerimaan Beasiswa Yayasan Untuk Siswa Baru SMK TI Airlangga dengan Algoritma C4.5

The foundation scholarship path is a facility provided by the private sector to help government education programs realize 12 years of compulsory education, one of which is a three-year vocational high school education facility and of course the foundation will take into account who deserves three years of learning opportunities for students. Now this will help many parties who really deserve the opportunity to learn to foster their enthusiasm for learning again, but in this case also the foundation must certainly select candidates who apply for the scholarship, of course there are many who want to get the scholarship so that correct, accurate considerations must be made so that the scholarship does not fall into the wrong hands, one of the right ways is to classify the incoming data using the C4.5 algorithm application so that the canteen selection process does not It takes a very long time and based on research, the final result of the C4.5 algorithm will form a decision tree to simplify the process of reading the result data and it is hoped that this will help the foundation in the selection of foundation scholarship recipients for new students. and the results obtained are 57% nominated students have the opportunity to receive scholarships provided by SMK TI Arilangga.

Patrolling Human SLE Haematopoietic Progenitors Demonstrate Enhanced Extramedullary Colonisation; Implications for Peripheral Tissue Injury

Systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease where bone-marrow-derived haematopoietic cells have a key role in its pathogenesis with accumulating evidence suggesting an aberrant function of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). By employing next-generation sequencing, we compared the gene transcription signatures of CD34+ HSPCs deriving from either the bone marrow or HSPCs patrolling the bloodstream of healthy and individuals with SLE, seeking common transcriptional pathways that may have been modified between steady and disease states. Our findings indicate that circulating and bone marrow-derived HSPCs are distinct in steady and diseased states. Non-mobilised, SLE-derived circulating HSPCs demonstrated enhanced engrafting and altered differentiation capacities. Importantly, xenotransplantation of circulating HSPCs in humanised mice showed that human peripheral blood HSPCs possess the ability for extramedullary organ colonisation to the kidneys. SLE CD34+ HSPCs homing and engraftment at extramedullary sites such as the spleen and kidneys may participate in peripheral tissue injury. Funding Information: This study was supported by the H2020-ERC-2016-ADG-LUPUSCARE-742390 and Greek State Scholarships Foundation (ΙΚΥ) MIS-5000432 and MIS-5001552 grants. Declaration of Interests: None. Ethics Approval Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all patients and human controls prior to sample collection (IRB protocol number 10/22-6-2017). All mouse animal work has been approved by the BRFAA ethics committee and the Attica Veterinary Department (758634/22-11/2019).

"We needed this": perspectives of parents and healthcare professionals involved in a pilot newborn screening program for spinal muscular atrophy.

BackgroundNewborn screening (NBS) for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a recognised model through which health outcomes can be improved. However, perspectives of parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in such programs are largely unknown.MethodsA pilot program for SMA ran from August 2018-July 2020. Using a mixed-methods convergent methodology, we used a self-administered questionnaire to understand parents’ perceptions and psychological impact of the program from diagnosis to treatment. We thematically analysed successes/challenges encountered by HCPs and recommendations for service improvement from both participant groups.Findings202,388 infants were screened for SMA and the perceptions of 44 parents and HCPs affected by a positive result in eighteen newborns was ascertained. Parents (n=29, 100%) were satisfied with NBS for SMA. Although screen-positive result was distressing for all parents, quality of life improved over time [CarerQoL-7D baseline median score 4 (SD=1.4) vs six-month median score 8 (SD=1.3), p<0.001)]. Challenges for HCPs included managing the time-critical nature of the pathway whilst remaining cognisant of limitations associated with the predictive screening test.InterpretationInterpretation: NBS for SMA fulfils criteria for population-wide screening. Net benefits are acknowledged by stakeholders to optimise lifelong outcomes. Harms including psychological distress associated with a screen-positive result may be managed by targeted psychosocial support, information provision and a personalised model of care together strengthening healthcare systems.FundingThe NSW Pilot NBS study was funded by Luminesce Alliance. Dr Kariyawasam received funding from the RTP Scholarship, University of New South Wales and The Freedman Family Foundation Scholarship, Sydney Children's Hospital Foundation.

Traits of a bloom: a nationwide survey of U.S. urban tree planting initiatives (TPIs)

Municipal leaders worldwide are showing substantial interest in urban greening. This encompasses incentives, policies, and programs to vegetate urban landscapes, and it often includes urban tree planting initiatives (TPIs). Over the past decade there has been a seven-fold increase in scholarly use of terms denoting TPIs, and roughly two-thirds of associated studies address TPIs in the United States (U.S.). This reflects a bloom of scholarly interest in TPIs. Yet, there has been limited research on contemporary TPIs as historically situated cultural phenomena, and there has to the best of our knowledge been no nationwide survey of TPIs across municipal scales. Addressing these gaps, this article presents findings from a survey of 41 TPIs in the United States. We report on typical traits of U.S. TPIs across six themes: background, dates and goals, public awareness, funding and governance, planting, and stewardship. Respondents identified over 115 traits that distinguish TPIs from typical urban tree planting activity, suggesting that TPIs are a discrete form of urban forestry. Over two-thirds of TPIs are funded separate from traditional urban forestry, and lack of institutionalization raises questions about long-term viability. TPIs mobilize political and financial resources for program launch, tree purchasing, and planting, but there may be a need for greater investment in stewardship activities and the social infrastructure that undergirds green infrastructure. Large shade trees for ecosystem services and native trees are the principal factors informing TPI species lists. Beautification and regulating ecosystem functions are, in turn, the principal potential benefits animating tree planting goals, yet few TPIs have conducted research to assess the fulfillment of associated outcomes. This study provides a foundation for future interdisciplinary scholarship on TPIs across the humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences.

Clustering Penerima Beasiswa Yayasan Untuk Mahasiswa Menggunakan Metode K-Means

Grouping of scholarship recipients Scholarship assistance will be made based on the accumulated value using clustering where the scholarship recipients will be given scholarships with different amounts and sizes, because scholarships from foundations are limited and have levels of distribution. The division of groups to students who receive scholarships from foundations uses the clustering method of data mining where the function of clustering is a cluster or the task of grouping something is using the clustering algorithm approach, namely the K-means algorithm. The results of this clustering show that students based on their groups are divided into four groups based on the number of criteria, the results of the grouping show the number and decision of the foundation on granting foundation scholarships to students.