Scholarly Exchange Research Articles

Commentary: Nationalism and Transnationalism in Anthropological Research

Commentary: Nationalism and Transnationalism in Anthropological Research

Out of the Ivory Tower, into the Digital World? Democratising Scholarly Exchange

AbstractThe year 2020 has witnessed an unprecedented expansion of scholarly events online. Yet, in the scramble to adapt to difficult circumstances, little reflection has been given to the ways in which these new digital landscapes can reshape our approach to public history more permanently. This article draws upon the authors’ experiences as organisers of the 2020 AskHistorians Digital Conference (AHDC). As one of the first pandemic‐era conferences to be ‘born digital’, The 2020 AHDC leveraged its online format to challenge the exclusionary nature of traditional academic conferences. By reducing barriers to both participation and access, the event blended scholarly exchange with public engagement on a remarkable scale, reaching a global audience of tens of thousands. In sharing the lessons learned from this undertaking, we argue that digital conferences are not a temporary expediency; rather, they present a revolutionary opportunity not only to reshape the ways in which scholarly conversations take place, but also to reduce artificial divides between academic and public histories.

Digital Humanities Project Management as Scholarly Exchange

Digital Humanities Project Management as Scholarly Exchange

Changes in Co-Publication Patterns among China, the European Union (28) and the United States of America, 2016-2021

The COVID-19 global pandemic starting in January 2020 disrupted international collaborations in scholarly exchange, reducing mobility and connections across the globe. An examination of Web of Science-indexed publications from China, the European Union-28 and the United States of America shows a drop in publications numbers coming from the EU-28 and the United States in 2021. Importantly, cooperation between China and the United States drops without a corresponding drop between China and the EU-28. Moreover, the drop in China-USA cooperation can be seen beginning in 2019, before the pandemic, at a time when political tensions around science, technology, and innovation arose, with the United States claiming that China was violating intellectual property norms. The patterns suggest that political tensions, more than the pandemic, influenced the drop in China-USA cooperation.

Rivalrous Masculinities: New Directions in Medieval Gender Studies

Rivalrous Masculinities: New Directions in Medieval Gender Studies

Scholarly Milton ed. by Thomas Festa and Kevin J. Donovan

Reviewed by: Scholarly Milton ed. by Thomas Festa and Kevin J. Donovan Margaret Thickstun Scholarly Milton. Ed. by Thomas Festa and Kevin J. Donovan. Clemson, SC: Clemson University Press. 2019. vii+295 pp. $130. ISBN 978–042054–81–1. A book entitled Scholarly Milton and asking what it means ‘to historicize and theorize Milton’s work as a scholar’ by trying to clarify ‘the specific pressures affecting early modern scholarly exchange—epistemological, political, and theological’ (p. 2) appears intimidating, and the fact that it puts first a complex argument by Sharon Achinstein charting the shift in Milton’s attitude towards different available understandings of ‘scholarship’ as he wrote his divorce tracts might lead one to think that only extremely serious Miltonists should be reading it. That could not be further from the truth. The Introduction is admirably clear and informative. It lays out the basics of Milton’s education and intellectual life and the evolution of his thinking in relation to the political concerns of his time in ways that should orient a person new to this material at the same time as it provides a focused refreshment for someone more expert. The articles themselves offer engaging and thoughtful explorations of Milton’s work by grounding their analysis in specific seventeenth-century intellectual concerns. Most address Paradise Lost, and the collection as a whole demonstrates that [End Page 115] topics which may appear as dry as dust—how Milton taught grammatical tenses, for example—can instead result in rich and fresh understandings of this much-studied work. In the section addressing the ethical ends of learning, Sam Hushagen argues that Milton uses typological patterning to locate the fulfilment of God’s plan within history, thus preserving individual agency and foregrounding the exercise of reason. James Ross Macdonald puts the poem in conversation both with a sixth-century narrative of the Fall and Milton’s Art of Logic to suggest a more pessimistic attitude towards the ability to choose rightly through reason. J. Antonio Templanza distinguishes the Athens temptation in Paradise Regained from the Kingdoms of the World section to suggest that, in rejecting classical learning, Jesus champions the distinction between wisdom and knowledge, advocating a Socratic idea of education as process. Gardner Campbell uses Bateson’s concept of the double bind to show how the requirement to love and obey God creates a fruitful tension that may result in an individual’s higher level of understanding. Addressing Milton’s relation to the trivium, Emma Annette Wilson returns to the Art of Logic as the means to interrogate Empson’s assessment of Milton’s God, arguing that Milton justifies God by laying out ‘the cosmic structure to which we are all subject’, not by proving that God is ‘good’ (p. 125). Russell Hugh McConnell uses Milton’s Latin grammar to explore the way his deployment of tense in Paradise Lost draws attention to time, perspectives, and the nature of God. Joshua R. Held considers Raphael’s peroratio in Book viii in relation to examples in the Aeneid and the Pauline Epistles to argue that Raphael not only offers a successful peroration, but that his surpasses earlier models by addressing all the passions as it ties together his afternoon’s lesson. Placing Milton among scholars, Emma E. Stelzer investigates the moral significance of the ingredients Michael uses in purging Adam’s optic nerve to explore the question of visual perception and its connection to eloquence in Paradise Lost. Nicholas Allred demonstrates the way in which early finding aids, such as tables, indices, and concordances, both reveal how early modern readers engaged with the poem and shaped their understanding of what mattered. Edward Jones addresses the difficulties inherent both in editing the state letters and in determining how much control Milton might have had over the final versions. It should be clear that the essays in this volume speak to one another in fruitful ways; they foreground Milton the educator as much as Milton the scholar. Both educators and scholars will find it equally useful. Margaret Thickstun Hamilton College Copyright © 2022 Modern Humanities Research Association

Call for Contributions: Fafnir—Nordic Journal of Science Fiction and Fantasy Research

611 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE SFCS Book Award, 2020. The Speculative Fictions and Cultures of Science Book Award (previously the Science Fiction and Technoculture Studies Book Prize) honors an outstanding scholarly monograph that explores the intersections between popular culture, particularly science fiction, and the discourses and cultures of technoscience. The award recognizes groundbreaking and exceptional contributions to the field. Books published in English between 1 January and 31 December 2020 were eligible for the award; this year’s jury included Aimee Bahng (Pomona College), Elizabeth Swanstrom (University of Utah), and Sherryl Vint (University of California, Riverside), with Pawe³ Frelik (University of Warsaw) serving as jury chair. After intense deliberations, the jury has announced that the ninth annual SFCS book award is awarded to Melody Jue, a professor of English at the University of California, Santa Barbara, for Wild Blue Media: Thinking Through Seawater (Duke UP 2020). Wild Blue Media treats the global ocean as itself a speculative, science-fictional medium and an entity that provokes speculation. The study expands the principal focus of its “ecological” turn by engaging with a variety of artistic and cultural objects and practices. One judge described the monograph as “a beautifully rendered, deeply situated study of underwater mediations, from coral mapping to deep-sea photography”; another praised its role in helping readers to “think beyond conventional Western epistemologies as it repositions cognitive estrangement and ‘diving as method’ as modes of humanistic enquiry that are embodied, ethically attentive to their interactions with their objects of enquiry, and reflexively open to making knowledge anew.” By theorizing the ocean as “a science-fictional medium of estrangement,” Wild Blue Media provides new ways to understand kinship and connectivity. The judges also recognized two works as particularly strong runners-up: William O. Gardner’s The Metabolist Imagination: Visions of the City in Postwar Japanese Architecture and Science Fiction (Minnesota UP 2020) and Christopher B. Paterson’s Open World Empire: Race, Erotics, and the Global Rise of Video Games (New York UP 2020). One of the judges praised Gardner’s book as “a powerful example of how science-fiction imaginaries shape collective cultural ways of understanding and inhabiting urban space,” approaching speculative architecture by raising intertwined questions of technology, media, and environment. Another judge singled out Paterson’s study as “taking seriously the pleasures afforded by gaming, even as it demonstrates gaming’s uncomfortable connections to global exploitation and racism”; the book “not only calls attention to the limitations of the ‘freedom’ gaming promises but also interrogates the play that eludes game design imperatives.”—Pawe³ Frelik, University of Warsaw Call for Contributions: Fafnir—Nordic Journal of Science Fiction and Fantasy Research. Founded in 2014, Fafnir is a World Fantasy Award-winning, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal published by the 612 SCIENCE FICTION STUDIES, VOLUME 48 (2021) Finnish Society for Science Fiction and Fantasy Research. The journal, which publishes two issues each year, provides an open-access international forum for scholarly exchanges on science fiction, fantasy, other speculative genres, and issues current in the field. Fafnir welcomes contributions from a wide range of perspectives. The editors are particularly interested in innovative (yet rigorous) approaches to scholarship, and give submissions from emerging scholars, independent researchers, and researchers from non-traditional backgrounds the same careful consideration shown to established and university-based scholars. Articles can be in English or in any of the Nordic languages. Authors are very welcome to query the editors about proposed research at . Fafnir also maintains a lively book-review section; inquiries about providing books for review can be directed to . The journal’s entire archive is available online at no cost, along with our submission guidelines at .—The Editors of Fafnir Mass Markets: Studies in Franchise Cultures: New Book Series. Sturgeon’s Law—Theodore Sturgeon’s claim that “90% of everything is crap”—suggests that most cultural production is not worthy of our attention, except perhaps as a guilty pleasure. Yet as popular media storyworlds increasingly dominate the global entertainment landscape, they call out for serious criticism. The “Mass Markets” of our series title refers both to the audiences who consume media franchises and immerse themselves in those storyworlds and to one of the key media forms through...

Effects of IELTS reading education by using new media learning environments effectively

ABSTRACT New media are used by language learners and teachers inside and outside the classroom to improve basic language skills. This study investigated the uses of new media for enhancing reading skills, stimulating student motivation, and promoting learner autonomy within the context of the International English Language Testing System (IELTS). This research project enlisted approximately 200 university sophomore students from the course “IELTS Reading and Writing”, which was run for non-English major 2016 ISEC (International Scholarly Exchange Curriculum) programme in 2018 at a university in Northeastern China. Students’ perceptions of new media applications were investigated, and a pre-test and post-test were used to examine students’ IELTS reading progress. The research findings indicate that new media can be adapted for IELTS reading classrooms and autonomous learning, which offers learning resources connected to IELTS reading knowledge in class and outside class. New media learning environments greatly improved students’ motivation. Their autonomous learning abilities and advanced academic reading skills were also enhanced. Additionally, the research participants provided advantageous feedback on new media for IELTS reading learning. Finally, the research results could be helpful references for those who intend to conduct the flipped teaching or learning research related to the reform of the advanced English courses teaching such as IELTS education by the effective use of modern educational technology in the future.

Duplicities: the false promise of Asian Studies

ABSTRACT The rise of Asian states—particularly China and India—and their search for energy, raw materials, and markets has spurred talk of a “Global Asia.” Though this has spawned a vast literature, the complexities of language and research environments and the absence of a complex grid of scholarly exchanges—translations, collaborative exchanges, comparative analysis—has meant that these studies have not challenged reigning conceptions of a broad geocultural area and studies of individual states or subregions continue to emphasize their exceptionalism. Though inter-referentiality was projected as a strategy to break out of the “intellectual claustrophobia” of area studies, the continued acceptance of Asia as a cartographic space marginalizes the very global linkages that are salient aspects of the present epoch. Hence area studies scholarship continue largely to obscure the global reach of state and private agencies and of their diasporas as these seek to project elite views and understandings of their states overseas. Rather than taking cartographic units as epistemological fields, we need to chart patterns of human activity to historicize spatial designations.

North–South Scholarly Collaboration: Opportunities and Experiences in Africa

AbstractNorth–South scholarly collaboration and academic exchange programs help to address the challenges experienced by developing countries in Africa and elsewhere, and provide unique benefits to scholars in developed countries. Many academics in the global north, however, have limited, or no, information about opportunities to visit academics and institutions in developing countries and those in such countries in the global south do not have contacts to whom they can reach out. The intention of the panel is to stimulate future north–south collaborations by increasing awareness of both funded opportunities and low budget initiatives for scholarly exchanges and collaborations, benefits for scholars and their institutions in developed and developing countries, and best practices with respect to north–south collaborations and scholarly exchanges. This panel is sponsored by the Africa Chapter and SIG‐III.

Tribes and Tribalism in the Modern Middle East: Introduction

This roundtable is the product of a conference on tribalism in the Modern Middle East held at the University of Maryland in College Park in early May 2019. In two days of scholarly exchange, the participants addressed questions on the reality of tribal life in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and its impact on politics and society. Most of the specialists who participated in the conference are also contributors in this forum. To keep the discussion concise, the case studies focus on the Arab East – Syria, Jordan, and Iraq – as well as Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Building on the findings and reflections shared in College Park, the contributors responded to the following prompt as a point of departure for their essays: For cultural, intellectual, political, and arguably even most social historians, tribes remain an enigma. As an ideal-type, the tribe seems to be all that the modern state is not: it defies positive law, rational administrative structures, equal citizenship based on individual rights and duties, and, still, in some cases, sovereignty based on fixed territorial boundaries. As a non-state, the tribe seems to be, on the other hand, the most enduring socio-political structure of human history. It is a kind of substrate, or a hetero-stratum of social organization at least in Middle Eastern societies. Its position as such seems even more pronounced in today's period of state disintegration and instability. What is the place of tribes in modern society, how do they relate to the modern state? How can what is seemingly an atavism of pre-modern times still have currency in today's world?The responses share the perception that tribes are not the antithesis of the modern state or of progress in the region. Researchers and politicians alike should take them into account in their analyses of modernization processes. They offer meaningful identities and forms of organization across the region and enjoy influence and power.

Water, sanitation and hygiene-related practices in the Hohoe municipality, Ghana: Policy relevance in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals

The African Journal of Primary Health & Family Medicine welcomes submissions that encourage scholarly exchange between family medicine and primary health care researchers and practitioners across Africa and the developing world, whilst providing a contextual and holistic view of family medicine as practiced across the continent.

Editorial

It has been 18 months since we first heard of a new corona virus outbreak identified in Wuhan, China. Migration Letters was among the first academic journals opening pages for discussions and analyses of the pandemic and its relevance to our field of study. This pandemic, like many other crises, has changed -and continue to change- our lives substantially. Dedicating more resources, and in our case, more pages and effort to continue the scholarly debate on COVID-19 is imperative. For many of us this is not just for the metric appeal of publishing research on a novel topic but more importantly for being genuinely interested in understanding and offering informed advice to the public and policy makers in such a difficult time. Since early 2020, we have received dozens of submissions dealing with the pandemic and migration. About 15 of these have been published in the last six issues. We include several more in the current issue and will continue to encourage and foster scholarly exchange on COVID-19 and migration. We encourage and invite colleagues to submit their work on the pandemic and migration nexus and progress this debate because it simply means massive changes in all domains of life with effects on human mobility.

Analysing the evolution of computer science events leveraging a scholarly knowledge graph: a scientometrics study of top-ranked events in the past decade

The publish or perish culture of scholarly communication results in quality and relevance to be are subordinate to quantity. Scientific events such as conferences play an important role in scholarly communication and knowledge exchange. Researchers in many fields, such as computer science, often need to search for events to publish their research results, establish connections for collaborations with other researchers and stay up to date with recent works. Researchers need to have a meta-research understanding of the quality of scientific events to publish in high-quality venues. However, there are many diverse and complex criteria to be explored for the evaluation of events. Thus, finding events with quality-related criteria becomes a time-consuming task for researchers and often results in an experience-based subjective evaluation. OpenResearch.org is a crowd-sourcing platform that provides features to explore previous and upcoming events of computer science, based on a knowledge graph. In this paper, we devise an ontology representing scientific events metadata. Furthermore, we introduce an analytical study of the evolution of Computer Science events leveraging the OpenResearch.org knowledge graph. We identify common characteristics of these events, formalize them, and combine them as a group of metrics. These metrics can be used by potential authors to identify high-quality events. On top of the improved ontology, we analyzed the metadata of renowned conferences in various computer science communities, such as VLDB, ISWC, ESWC, WIMS, and SEMANTiCS, in order to inspect their potential as event metrics.

What the Field Stands to Lose

The pandemic of 2020 brings the field of American foreign relations, or the United States and the World, or the global history of international relations, to an important crossroads. The pandemic will have a direct impact on the ongoing trend in the field toward transnational (read: multilingual, multi-archival, globe-trotting) research. Closed borders and heightened tensions will limit access to archives, conference interactions, and routine scholarly exchanges. At the same time, caregiving responsibilities and challenging economic conditions for both universities and individual households will determine whose research is most detrimentally affected by COVID-19 shutdowns, and in many cases, limit participation by some of the very same groups whose voices SHAFR has been seeking to amplify in its push for diversity. Access to archives limited by closed borders, travel warnings, and rising international tensions has the potential to challenge the “transnational turn” in the history of international relations and American encounters with...

The School of History and the Institute for Global History, Beijing Foreign Studies University

Abstract The School of History and the Institute for Global History of Beijing Foreign Studies University was founded in December 2017. It aims to become a significant platform in China for international scholars to conduct research on global history. The school offers course on the histories of China and regions across the world from a global perspective. In terms of research, it is the school’s goal to understand history through interactions, especially the interaction between China and the world in modern terms. The school pays special attention to the fields of the history of ideas, the knowledge transfer and scholarly exchange, and the cultural and linguistic contact between the East and the West.

Implementation and Assessment of a Visiting Scholar Exchange Program in Pediatric Anesthesiology to Promote Junior Faculty and Fellow Professional Development.

Junior faculty in academic medicine often struggle with establishing their careers, resulting in low promotion and high attrition rates. Fellows also grapple with the decision to pursue careers in academic medicine. We report on the implementation and evaluation of a novel faculty and fellows exchange program that promotes career development. In 2017, the University of California San Francisco created a reciprocal faculty exchange program called the Visiting Scholars in Pediatric Anesthesia Program (ViSiPAP). ViSiPAP expanded to involve 17 institutions across the United States. Fellows from 3 of the institutions were paired with faculty mentors to create Fellow/Faculty ViSiPAP. An initial postparticipation survey was sent after each exchange, and a follow-up survey in 2020 assessed ViSiPAP's impact. Fifty-three faculty participated in ViSiPAP and gave 66 presentations, and 20 fellows from 3 institutions gave 20 presentations. The initial postparticipation survey response rate was 88%, and the follow-up survey response rate was 74%. Survey responses indicated that ViSiPAP enhanced fellow and faculty well-being, improved didactic conferences, and provided opportunities for networking and collaborating. The follow-up survey indicated that participation in ViSiPAP led to 45 online academic publications, 39 additional invited presentations, and 8 authorships in peer-reviewed academic journals. ViSiPAP is a successful professional development program for both fellows and junior faculty in pediatric anesthesia. Our program successfully introduced the participants into the pediatric anesthesia community and jumpstarted academic careers. Participation in ViSiPAP led to increased scholarly output and assisted with faculty promotion. This combined fellow/faculty exchange program is a novel approach to professional development and is broadly applicable to other disciplines in academic medicine.

Patterns of inequality in global forest science conferences: An analysis of actors involved in IUFRO World Congresses with a focus on gender and geography

Inequality has become a core topic of forest-related research: Forest scholars have investigated how socio-economic and gender inequalities impact on forest use, how power asymmetries shape forest politics and governance, and how gendered professional norms contribute to the marginalization of women in forest industry and education. However, to what extent the forest science community is itself structured by inequality and what effect this may have has so far not been explored.We address this gap by analysing the diversity of actors involved global forest science conferences, which we deem a crucial space of research communication and knowledge circulation. Our study covers the past three World Congresses of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) that took place in 2010, 2014 and 2019. We examine the social structure of these events with a focus on the dimensions of gender and geography, based on scholars' sex and affiliation, and disaggregated by different conference roles (members of congress scientific committees, keynote/plenum speakers, session chairs and presenters).Our results show that the actor composition notably diversified over the past decade, with more women and scholars from Southern world regions performing active roles in the congresses. However, male forest scientists based in the Global North continue to dominate the events in numerical terms. Significant gender and geography-related inequalities persist, and they remain particularly pronounced in actor groups with high agenda-setting and gate-keeping power.Our analysis points at social patterns within the forest science community that are likely to impact on the knowledge it generates.To make global forest science conferences a more inclusive space of scholarly exchange, we suggest two sorts of ‘affirmative action’ in the context of conference organisation: The first is to tackle ‘backstage’ inequalities by involving more scientists from under-represented groups as members of congress scientific committees and session chairs. The second is to make conscious choices about place, as our analysis corroborates the finding that for some groups of scholars, the congress location immensely impacts on their chances to take part.Our study contributes to the emergent scholarship on conferences which we conceptualise as constituting spaces of scientific fields. Revealing inequalities in IUFRO World Congresses, we aim at stimulating a critical-constructive reflection among members of the forest research community.

Political Science Webinars Provide Opportunity for Scholarly Exchange During Pandemic

Political Science Webinars Provide Opportunity for Scholarly Exchange During Pandemic

The rainbow connection: a scoping review and introduction of a scholarly exchange on LGBTQ+ experiences in sport management

ABSTRACT In this scholarly exchange edition, we present a selection of invited articles that focus on the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) persons in sport management. In this introduction, we outline a brief history of how and why sexuality activism evolved over the last 50 years. We also outline why, despite the societal gains in many countries, research into the experiences of LGBTQ+ people in sport management is fundamental to improving those experiences and engendering change. We achieve this by summarizing past research in the area, which lays the foundation for the articles in this scholarly exchange. We provide an overview of the scholarly exchange articles, summarizing how the papers further the understanding of the management, marketing, and governance of sport within the context of LGBTQ+ people’s experiences.