Concept Of Scholarship Research Articles

Philosophy of law in the process of reforming the legal system of Ukraine: theory and practice

The research aims at developing the concept of a new perception and content of philosophy of law which should be based on thephilosophies of the relevant fields of law and integrate the main directions of further evolution of the legal system into a single harmonizedmodel in order to protect rights and interests of the individual and the citizen. Theoretical basis comprises modern concepts of scholars inthe field of philosophy of law, whose typical and original ideas have been selected and analyzed. Also, the paper constructively and criticallyanalyzes their correspondence to contemporary problems of the legal system of Ukraine. The authors identify a new function of philosophyof law – defining the purpose and systematic direction of reforming the legal system of Ukraine, as well as the ways to achieve the goalthrough improving the activities of law enforcement and human rights bodies. Current tendencies in the development of the legal system ofUkraine are based on the solution of various tactical tasks, in particular, in the sphere of economy, health care, social security, the judicialsystem; however, the strategic goal of its reforming – the self-sufficient state of Ukraine – has not been set. This very goal should set prioritiesin the development of the legal system of Ukraine as a sovereign, independent, democratic, social, law-based state. At the same time, thepreamble to the Constitution of Ukraine stipulates the irreversibility of the European and Euro-Atlantic course of Ukraine, which will haveto delegate some of its powers to international organizations. The provisions regarding sovereignty and independence of the state will losepriority, which will lead to amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. At the same time, the theory of a self-sufficient state has not beendeveloped in Ukraine. However, due to this theory the implementation of the defining principles of the state system, proclaimed in the Cons -titution of Ukraine and capable of ensuring a high standard of living of their citizens and their real independence should be guaranteed.

SHARPGrads: Development and Assessment of a Research Skills Workshop Program for Graduate Students at the University of South Carolina

INTRODUCTION Academic libraries are placing increasing emphasis on the provision of instruction for graduate students in non-traditional research skills and competencies such as scholarly communication concepts, data management and visualization, and text mining. Since proficiency in these concepts is often expected of graduate students but training may not be offered in the classroom, the library is a natural home for such instruction. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM Librarians at the University of South Carolina created a two-day workshop series for graduate students called SHARPGrads. This paper describes the planning process, survey method used to develop and assess the program, and findings obtained from attendance and survey responses. A successful collaboration with the university’s Graduate School led to higher than expected registration. Post-assessment feedback demonstrates that targeting training to graduate students early in their program of study is advantageous. Furthermore, students in social sciences and humanities disciplines reported that SHARPGrads met their expectations to a higher degree than students in the sciences and health sciences. Although a number of survey respondents reported that the training program was too short, participant retention during day two of the program dropped significantly. NEXT STEPS An evaluation of the range of second day training opportunities is considered for the next iteration of the program. Results taken from this study and recommendations for future programs will be useful for librarians involved in the development and implementation of workshops for graduate students.

Adab Berpakaian Wanita Muslimah Sesuai Tuntunan Syariat Islam

The phenomenon that afflicts Indonesian society, especially Muslim female students, is a culture of clothing that deviates from the guidance of Islamic law, although there are Muslim women who show how to dress according to Sharia, but the number is relatively small compared to those who are not. The phenomenon of wearing hijab is currently not in accordance with the requirements of Muslim women's clothing where not a few of the clothing models worn by women wearing hijab but still show the shape of the body, made from transparent and so on. Of course this is a problem that must be addressed by parents, educators and those in charge of education, because if it is left unchecked this will become a culture that will continue to develop and eventually become a law that is considered true by future generations. One way to overcome this is to raise awareness among Muslim women about the obligation to cover their genitals by providing sufficient understanding of genitals, the obligation to cover them and the adab of dressing in Islam. This study uses a literature review that synthesizes the theories and concepts of fiqh scholars about the aurat adab dress in Islam which then produces a concept of how to foster awareness of covering one's genitals which can be internalized in the form of dress behavior in Muslim women, especially students.

“Transfer, Contestation and Conflict”: How Italian regional and national governments claim and challenge authority in mandatory vaccination policies

Abstract Background This paper explores conflictual policy transfer in Italian vaccination policy 2007-2018. The region of Veneto formally suspended mandatory vaccination in 2007. Soon after, declining vaccination rates across the country sparked a public health crisis. Emilia Romagna adopted a new vaccine mandate for early education, which the national government adopted in 2017. Each policy decision invoked collaboration and contestation between governments. In showing the conflictual aspects of intra-state policy transfer, we offer lessons for multi-level health governance of contested issues. Methods We used qualitative documentary analysis of parliamentary transcripts, legislation and government reports, supplemented with semi-structured key informant interviews, using the coding software NVivo 12. We applied theoretical and conceptual scholarship to develop an analytical framework drawing out the key mechanisms through which contestation and conflict take place. Results Italian regional and national governments employed three key mechanisms to forcibly transfer or resist vaccination policy: ideas, evidence, and law. Ideas included “the nation”, “herd immunity” and “science.” Evidence included coverage rates and explanations of changes over time. Protagonists of Italy's coercive policy transfers used the law to claim and challenge authority. Contestations occurred in political and bureaucratic spheres. Discrepant historical and evidentiary narratives emerged between levels of government that had injected significant resources into acquiring or defending governance of vaccination policy. Conclusions Scholarship has predominantly considered coercive policy transfer at a supra-national or inter-state level. We demonstrate the political blood-spilling within a country when divergent regional policies become contested in a situation of national crisis. 'Evidence' and 'law' can be open to differing interpretations, with 'ideas' shaping the context in which policies prevail.

Unsettling Knowledge Synthesis Methods Using Institutional Ethnography: Reflections on the Scoping Review as a Critical Knowledge Synthesis Tool.

Scoping reviews are an increasingly popular knowledge synthesis method. While knowledge synthesis methods abound in evidence-based practices, these methods are critiqued for their reliance on positivism. Drawing on a scoping review that mapped scholarly conceptualizations of family caregivers' information-related dementia care work, in this article, I reconcile institutional ethnography's epistemological and ontological assumptions with the prescribed scoping review framework. I first explore the textual organization of scoping reviews. I then unpack the process of modifying three scoping review stages in keeping with an institutional ethnography method of inquiry, and in doing so, transform the scoping review into a critical knowledge synthesis tool. Through a reflexive process, I deconstruct scoping review's textual authority and uncover that scoping reviews bring about a double decontextualization of family caregivers' information work, removing family caregivers from their experiences of their information-related care work while simultaneously reducing them to objects of techno-scientific interventions.

Green human resouce management: a Theoretical review

In the 21st century, environmental issues, such as climate change, global warming, and air pollution have become a hot topic in many developed and developing countries. At the same time, the proper use of natural resources and the conservation of the environment has become one of the vital issues. Environmental issues require special attention from governments, scientists, scholars, business executives, and even individuals.
 Therefore, for any business organization, there is a growing need to integrate environmental management into human resource management, which has been coined as the Green Human Resource Management (GHRM). Researchers have found that the implementation of GHRM policies and practices could effectively improve financial and environmental performance of organizations, improve their competitive advantage, as well as improve their reputation and image, while maintaining environmental management practices.
 However, it is being maintained that the term “GHRM” is a relatively new concept for academicians, scholars，and professionals. GRHM-related literature is generally found in western countries, however the concept of GHRM is yet to make its mark in Asia. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore the concept of GHRM and to propose a model of GHRM and its outcome by reviewing the literature.

PRO-KONTRA PEMULANGAN WARGA NEGARA INDONESIA EKS ISIS

This paper aims to analyze the policies of the government that decides do not repatriate former Indonesian citizens of sympathizers ISIS in Iraq and Syria. The theory that used to analyze the case is the theory of maqashid al-shari'ah Jasser Auda. Theories of maqashid al-shari'ah Jasser Auda considered very relevantly in this case because of the ideas that were brought to consider universal human rights enforcement. This is different from the previous theory of maqashid al-shari'ah which only had individual function protection and preservation. Theory of maqashid al-shari'ah Jasser Auda is a reconstruction of the concept of previous scholars with the aim of revitalizing the values of maqoshid value with contemporary problems, especially in terms of enforcement of the human rights (hifdzu al-nafs). In addition, the writer considers that the idea of human rights has a correlation with article 28J paragraphs 1 and 2 of the 1945 Constitution which forms the basis of limitations on the fulfillment of individual rights. Next, not all ISIS sympathizers are the perpetrators of terrorism, therefore the writer offers a de-radicalization effort for children and sympathizers' wives before returning to community life. As victims, they have the right education on the good ideology (hifdzu al-aql) and still carry out the function of heredity (hifdzu al-nasl).

What typological appelation is suitable for Tito's Yugoslavia: Response to Mihaljević and Miljan

The main aim of the paper is to expose the counterfactual, scientifically unfounded and unscholarly statements by Mihaljević and Miljan in the paper “Was Tito’s Yugoslavia not Totalitarian?” We needed to treat the issues of (1) totalitarianism as a scholarly concept and a social construct, (2) the typological characterization of Tito’s Yugoslavia, where there is substantial agreement among scholars that consociation fits it; (3) the organization of security services in Yugoslavia of the period, (4) the role of the republics in conducting foreign policy, which increased steadily; (5) monetary policy and seigniorage which came about, of which our critics were completely unaware, (6) the issue of the political system’s dynamics (there were very substantial changes in the period 1945-1991) and (7) the issue of the political system’s legitimacy. We also noted a number of minor mistakes, errors, and omissions by the authors at issue. A general failure by the authors to achieve scientific objectivity and to master the notions necessary for analysis is found.

Media, Migration, and Nationalism: Introduction to the Special Collection

This introduction contextualizes thirteen papers included in the Global Perspectives Media and Communication special collection examining the interrelationships between media, migration, and nationalism. This collaborative project was initiated during the Media, Migration and the Rise of Nationalism seminar held in Tokyo in 2018. The seminar was organized around the themes of cosmopolitanism, migration control, transnationalism, and contact zones. This selection covers and brings together long-standing and unresolved debates, which will allow media and migration researchers to engage in a multiperspectival reconsideration of how politics, mobility, and mediation intersect and co-shape each other. In this article, we first position ourselves in relevant debates by charting implications and shared characteristics underlying the recent economic crisis, climate crisis, refugee crisis, and COVID-19 crisis. Section 1 of the article focuses on cosmopolitanism. This thorny scholarly debate is captured by the artist Takashi Tanihata in the works A Letter That Isn’t Read I and II. As we discuss, the artworks depict an endless loop of (mis)communicating goats, which represent the possibilities and implications of mediated solidarity and polarization. The special collection features three articles that further nuance the heated debates on the politics of representation and mediation in relation to cosmopolitanism. Section 2 of this article is thematized with a painting by the artist XX titled The Scents on the Borders, which depicts perfume bottles and their scents encountering each other. The work, as we argue, refers to the complex, evolving relationships between border-crossing subjects and technologies of migration management and control. A latest development shows how tech-driven surveillance experiments tap into sensing technologies including those related to the sense of smell to secure borders. The section consists of four articles that demonstrate how the politics of material and symbolic bordering proliferates outside and inside nation-state boundaries. Section 3 takes inspiration from an artwork titled The Vision (Reportage), by Motoi Hirata, which features a violet sea snail as a motif to represent migrants and diaspora groups in terms of transnational connectivity. The section includes three articles that analyze the workings and lived experiences of connectivity and transnationalism across nation-state borders. In section 4 of this article, we take cues from Satsuki Hinokimoto’s abstract painting The Spread and link its deployment of isolated and interacting colored concentric circles to the evocative scholarly concept of the cultural contact zone. This section of the issue consists of three articles that focus on migrant encounters with difference and the politics of integration in various urban settings across the world. Finally, in our conclusion, we advocate for media and migration researchers to take up the critical concept of intersectionality to better acknowledge the internal heterogeneity of migrant communities alongside the similarities and differences among migrant communities in tandem with various interacting axes of agential identification and structural forms of oppression.

Software is Scholarship

This Article provides the first systematic account and justification of software applications as works of scholarship. Software is scholarship to the extent that software functionality is derived from scholarly research, software is used as a means to develop scholarship, or software is used as a medium to communicate scholarly ideas. Software applications are superior to articles and books for communicating scholarly ideas because software is not limited by the constraints of traditional written works. Software can communicate using a wide variety of textual components, graphical elements, and programmable interactivity that significantly enhance the ability to communicate scholarly concepts, arguments, and findings. This Article identifies four methods for software applications to enhance scholarly communication: app-ified argumentation that provides theoretical clarity, interactive toolkits that create rich qualitative studies, data visualizations that persuade using data, and policy tech that improves the ability to enact social change. Interactive software applications can enhance research agendas in the humanities and social sciences by making traditional, prose scholarship more thorough, persuasive, and analytically precise. Due to recent innovations, developing software for scholarly purposes is accessible to those that work in the humanities. Platforms for developing software have grown so sophisticated that they no longer require creators to write code to develop powerful, data rich, and well-designed interactive applications. Scholars should accordingly use and develop software to better communicate their ideas. By providing a framework for developing software as works of scholarship, this Article contributes to the field of digital humanities. To better understand this Article’s concept of scholarly software, I apply my conceptualization of scholarly software to legal scholarship and legal technology and discuss three case studies: LegalTech toolkits, voice recognition for automated contract drafting, and court data visualizations. Law is a fertile ground for the development of scholarly software because the core of legal reasoning consists of a formalistic, computational structure that is well-expressed through programmable applications. This Article contributes to legal scholarship by identifying how it can be enhanced through the creation of software applications.

Between Attack and Resilience: The Ongoing Institutionalization of Independent Digital Journalism in Brazil

Digital journalism in Brazil is dominated by a few big players and has recently been threatened by the country’s challenging political and economic environment. Still, organizational structures promoting independent digital journalism (IDJ) persist. Originally understood as “the blogosphere,” independent digital journalism in Brazil (IDJB) quickly evolved into several professionalized initiatives and now consists of dozens of news organizations. This article contributes to the field by (a) adding to scholarly conceptualizations of independent journalism in North America, Europe, and Latin America through the idea of “positive dependence” and (b) refining the understanding of IDJ in times of acute crisis. Based on an analysis of six emblematic cases, we show that IDJB is relational and distinct and that it functions without clearly defined boundaries. We further find that this relationality is necessary for IDJB to survive the attacks it faces. Different support networks shape “models of resilience” that, while not perfect, facilitate the institutionalization of IDJB by allowing for the slow but ongoing creation of new structures within the news ecosystem. Thus, the findings of this study suggest that the continuing institutionalization of IDJB and its particular characteristics contributes to the creation of a more diverse news ecosystem.

Kelâmda ve Modern Fizikte Nedensellik Tartışmaları

The aim of this article is to discuss the causality concepts of Muslim scholars (mutakallimūn) in terms of modern physics theories and to shed light on the ongoing debates in this context. It is possible to say that there are three attitudes about causality in the Islamic kalām. The first one is the concepts that adopt the principle of causality based on the theory of nature (ṭabʽ); the second is the concepts of Ashārītes that deny causality and explain the relations between entities in the universe with the concept of possibility based on the theory of custom (ʽādah), and the third one is the understanding of the Baṣra school, which accepts causality in some subjects and explains some issues with the concept of ʽādah. In modern physics, a similar divergence is seen between Newtonian determinist understandings and indeterminist understandings based on Quantum uncertainty. In some recent research, it is argued that there are significant similarities between the principle of quantum uncertainty and the theory of custom. In this article, the causality conceptions of mutakallimūn are addressed with the context of the theories of ʽādah and ṭabʽ. Then analyzes are made on the aspects of these understandings that match and diverge with the idea of causality implied by modern physics. Consequently, a new reading is suggested, taking into account modern physics, based on the theories of mutakallimūn who accept natures and causality in natural beings –especially Abū Isḥāq al-Naẓẓām (d. 231/845)-.

Identity play and the stories we live by

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance our understanding of identity play process by including the stories we live by in depth. Over the past decade, identity play literature has placed more emphasis on the role of self-narratives. Yet, the “stories we live by”, including the told or untold stories of past and imagined events of the future, have not been considered in depth in these self-narratives.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper draws on the personal construct theory, narrative identity and constructivist psychotherapy literatures and attempts to include the stories we live by in scholarly conceptualizations and explorations of identity play processes.FindingsDrawing on the personal construct theory, narrative identity and constructivist psychotherapy literatures this paper offers a comprehensive conceptual model of how the stories we live by infuse individual identity construction processes. The model highlights the inter-connectivity among stories we live by, identity play, identity work, sensemaking and social validation. Looking through the lens of the personal construct theory and taking these inter-connectivities into account lead to the observation of temporality in identity construction and the plurivocality of self-narratives.Originality/valueThis paper looks at identity play through the lens of the personal construct theory. However, self-narratives are seen as a medium for manifestation of personal constructs. Thus, this paper also draws on the narrative identity literature and dialogical-self concept, which helps access the multiplicity of the self-narratives to widen our grasp of personal constructs. This paper combines discourse of deconstruction with the dialogical-self concept and provides more means for the explication of identity play.

Land and ethnographic practices—(re)making toward healing

ABSTRACT While ‘place-making’ is a productive concept for many scholars, I consider land relations and research through Indigenous (re)making by narrating embodied and experiential ethnographic approaches. Through (re)making, one reimagines ethnography and ethnographic practices with Indigenous land and Indigenous land practices that work to contribute to forms of decolonial healing and Indigenous survivance. In consideration of the wounds among multiple bodies, not only humans, for which large-scale settler-colonial agricultural plantations in Hawai’i and the Sonoran Desert are responsible, this work discusses possibilities for (re)making toward healing with land. Song, poetry, and story are the agents who make such engagements with many more-than-(but including)-human collaborators translatable. As such, it asks how an understanding of ethnography in the contexts of Indigenous science and technology studies that cares about environmental research might shift the ways in which methodologies are formed and ‘data’ is shaped. And it asks how ethnographic practitioners might better affirm the plights, journeys, cycles, relations, and encounters that more-than-human beings experience, remember, hold, and live. This is one contribution among many that attend to the variety of ways in which ethnographic texts are formed and understood in Indigenous research practices that challenge Euro-Western genres and structures of knowledge production, and how/with whom such knowledges and practices are co-created.

ОСНОВНІ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ВЖИВАННЯ ТА СУТНОСТІ АНГЛІЙСЬКОГО СЛЕНГУ

The essence of phenomenon is considered in the article. The author determines the importance of this language element and its place in linguistics. Leading researches of foreign researchers are analyzed. All age groups of native speakers use in their day-to-day activities, young people and students more than the older generation, busy with their careers, where standard language is one of the conditions of promotion. But with regard to communication in everyday life, there are no restrictions or any obstacles to the use of slang. Some authors see as a vulgar, thieving language that should be avoided and doomed to die fast; others, on the contrary, consider as a sign of life, renewal, and progressive development of language. Quite often in oral and written speech, and especially in the speech of young people, lexical interference is oversaturated. The reasons for this are often the media, which, when broadcasting advertising, television programs, actively use borrowing, interference, considering them more informative than their mother tongue. Young people try to liken their favorite characters to films, series, TV shows, and hence - often there is a mechanical translation of English lexemes into Ukrainian, which is a direct manifestation of lexical interference. At the same time, Ukrainian-language terms are eliminated from lexical circulation and, as a result, the language loses active vocabulary, loses its originality and tradition. Along with the general of the native speaker in their daily activities and communication, namely, narrowly professional, along with the common slang, special units are used. It should also be noted that all age groups of native speakers use in their daily activities, and young people and students are more occupied than the older generation in their careers, where standard language is one of the conditions of promotion. But with regard to communication in everyday life, there are no restrictions or any obstacles to the use of slang. In addition, it should be borne in mind that in addition to the general of the native speaker in their daily activities and communication, namely, narrowly professional, in addition to the common slang, special units are used. From the foregoing review of the concepts of various scholars regarding the essence and content of the phenomenon, we have come to the conclusion that there is no unity in the view of this issue among researchers, but it is a generally accepted norm that cannot be attributed to the system of literary language. The concept of slang is often summed up by various phenomena of lexical and stylistic plan. Note several different concepts of English slang.

Women's experiences buying sex in Australia – Egalitarian powermoves

Evidence in this article addresses two popular political and scholarly concepts, female sexuality and sex-worker rights, which limit gender equality. Through description of interviews with 21 diverse women buying sexual services in Australia, and examination using interpretative phenomenological analysis, we introduce new ideas about women's therapeutic and pleasure-based motivations to buy sex and their concerns about their safety, money, laws, and stigma. Interviewees of the study described feeling transformative powers in pleasure as they gained skills and confidence to initiate, negotiate and control sexual activity. The experiences of the women who bought sex in this study directly challenge concepts of female sexual passivity and objectification generally and specifically in commercial sex settings. This article also promotes aspects of the sex industry as beneficial to society and demonstrates that destigmatisation and decriminalisation of the sex industry has potential to reduce harms experienced by sex workers and their clients.

Art Curriculum: Reflections, Discussions, and Concerns

This essay problematizes the resistance processes present in art school curricula. Some curricula are legitimized by the constant emphasis on sequentiality and chronological succession grounded in the history of art, which often comes only from a scholarly conception centered on the work and life of consecrated artists over the centuries, or rereading of works of art. Besides that most of the school curricula are guided by textbooks that legitimize the continuity of these practices, privileging elitist, ideological, sequential aspects that may exclude other artistic manifestations. There is an imposition of good or bad art. There are several discourses in Art that can produce operations and subjectivations of bodies in and out of school, demanding new ways for subjects to be in and out of the classroom in order to produce resistance in curricula and school spaces as a whole. This essay calls these processes urgencies. It is understood that these urgencies are in conflict and have the power to create reliefs with what is legitimized by the school system as a curriculum in Art. In this process, there is a flow of forces between what is put, the status quo and the urgencies, implying lifestyles, aesthetic choices and the construction of discourses, people, bodies, as well as attitudes, actions and ways of walking, speak and behave, that is, ways of managing life that operate in the processes of subjectivation. This essay deals with the resistance that permeates the art curriculum at school, in view of the curricular conceptions already legitimized by the system.

Why Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have been resisted: A qualitative study and resistance typology

ABSTRACT The current study presents a qualitative exploration of faculty reactions to Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) using a netnographic approach. We coded over 1,000 faculty blogs to reveal that resistance to MOOCs is nuanced and not always negative. Specifically, while minimal research has explored whether a potential innovation user has valid reasons for not immediately adopting an innovation, faculty resisted MOOCs using a range of reasons including negative reactions and catastrophization (threat-based resistance), perceived misalignment with professional values (cultural resistance), failure to meet student needs (pragmatic resistance), and a lack of demonstrated effectiveness (precautionary resistance). These findings have implications for scholarly conceptualisations of innovation reactions by suggesting some reactions may be constructive and help with innovation refinement, as in the case of MOOCs.

Феномен метапрозы в Китае: теоретический и исторический аспекты

The article deals with a phenomenon called metafiction. This phenomenon, thoroughly studied by Western European and American philologists, is now considered basing on Chinese literature – from the first publications in the late 1980s to modern monographs; the paper gives a brief introduction into scientific articles and monographs of Chinese and Russian scholars who played a key role in the study of metafiction. The author of the article identifies its main features and summarizes the existing concepts of Chinese literary scholars. Particular attention is paid to the «Chinese characteristics» of metafiction. The author distinguishes the differences between the concepts of «metafiction» and «metafictional»: while the former is primarily associated with modern Chinese literature, the latter is used more widely and is even applied to ancient Chinese novels. The article also shows the evolution of the attitude of Chinese literary scholars towards metafiction: from agreement with Western scholars to the emergence of dialogue with them. To sum up, the author of the article describes unresolved problems of this phenomenon and prospects for the study of it in detail.

Presenteeism and Its Conceptualization: A Literature Review

Abstract Presenteeism is a comparatively new phenomenon in the study of occupational behaviors which evolved throughout the past few decades. Increasing interest in managing presenteeism effectively emerged as a new source of competitive advantage in current organizations. With definitional confusion, the most scholarly conception of presenteeism involves the employee’s attending to work while being ill. However, the definition has been more recently extended to include other conditions and events that limit productivity. Now focus is moving from single dimension to multiple dimensions of presenteeism. Accordingly, this conceptual paper traces the development of interest in presenteeism with consideration of its various conceptualizations which are important theoretically and practically. The paper may be useful to those who are interested in understanding the concept of presenteeism for future research studies. Key Words: Conceptualization, Presenteeism, Sickness Presenteeism