Faust and Meleney (1924) reported the first case of schistosomiasis japonica in Jen Shou district, Szechwan; but until recently only few cases were reported in other districts. There are now two districts definitely known to have autochthonous cases of schistosomiasis, with nine others considered to be possible endemic areas. Kuo et al visited only five of the districts and in four of them Kuo found snails which looked like a species of Katayama (see Bartsch, 1936), and which he believed to be possible intermediate hosts of Schistosoma japonicum, although he failed to demonstrate the presence of S. japonicum cercariae on examination of more than 2,000 snails. At a later date, Y. T. Yao made an intensive study of schistosomiasis in Pengshien, one of the districts where Kuo found the Katayama snails. After spending nearly a month there, he found (personal communication) about 20 fresh cases of schistosomiasis in school children, diagnosed by finding the ova in the stools. He also examined more than 4,000 specimens of the snail, and found one harboring cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum, thus proving that the snail could really be the intermediate host. On coming to the United States, Kuo brought the snail to Dr. Paul Bartsch of the Smithsonian Institution for identification, and it was found to be identical with the specimens described by Bartsch (1946) as Schistosomophora slateri. These specimens were sent from Chengtu by Slater who obtained them from Yao. Lt. Tucker Abbott of Harvard University, however, held the opinion that S. slateri was merely a form or subspecies of Oncomelania nosophora. Besides the study of human schistosomiasis, Kuo also directed his attention to bovine schistosomiasis. Hsiung (1943) in Chengtu examined 50 cattle mesenteries and found 26% of them infected with Schistosoma japonicum, while 36% showed infection with Ornithobilharzia sp. Kuo, working on 41 cattle mesenteries, confirmed Hsiung's report and found infections of 17.07% with Schistosoma japonicum and 41.46% with Ornithobilharzia sp. In Hsiung's work, the cattle were said to have come from various districts. In Kuo's cases, they were said to have come from the north and south routes, Ying Shan and Ta Ching Shan districts, both some distance from Chengtu, indicating a wide range of distribution of schistosomiasis. Thus it can safely be predicted that the distribution of schistosomiasis in Szechwan Province must be much wider than the areas at present known, although the incidences of infection may not be so great as in the provinces further downstream, along the Yangtse River.