Background: Schistosomiasis has occurred since more than 6000 years ago. It is a parasitic disease caused by a bloodworm. This parasite occurs in Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. Praziquantel, vaccines, and genetic manipulation techniques may eliminate schistosomiasis. Objectives: In this review, the author describes the progress in a study of schistosomiasis that focused on the introduction of the parasite for objectives of this study. Methodology: The author searched Google, ScienceDirect, and the PubMed Database at NCBI for articles on schistosomiasis published between 2009 and 2019. All articles were unrestrictive free open access and in English. Other relevant publications were also included. Results: Before Bilharz found this disease in 1851, evidences showed that schistosomiasis has occurred in Egypt around 6000 years ago. Schistosoma consists of at least five species. Commonly, three species infect humans: Schistosoma haematobium, S. japonicum and S. mansoni. Schistoma haematobium occurs in Africa, S. japonicum occurs in Asia, and S. mansoni occurs in Africa and South America. Diagnosis for schistosomiasis can include such as microscopic, serologic, molecular and imaging techniques. Praziquantel is the main drug used to treat schistosomiasis. Vaccines are unavailable. This parasite can be eliminated with praziquantel, vaccines and genetic manipulations. Conclusions: Schsistosomiasis is an ancient disease. It occurs in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America. Diagnosis can include microscopic and imaging techniques. Praziquantel, diagnosis, vaccines, and genetic manipulation techniques are beneficial tools for eliminating human schistosomiasis.