1. 1. The temperature and water relations of Taenipoda eques and Schistocerca vaga were investigated. At 12% RH, the upper lt 50 was 43.4 and 41.8°C for T. eques and S. vaga, respectively. Lower lt 50 values were −5.1 and −4.9°C. At 72% RH, lethal temperatures were 42.8 and 40.7, and −4.9 and −4.8°C. 2. 2. Under dry air conditions, these insects exhibit EWL rates that fall within the range reported for xeric-adapted arthropods. 3. 3. Higher hemolymph osmolality values were associated with exposure to lower temperatures and changes in osmolality were associated with temperature and moisture stress.