Production Scheme Research Articles

Virtual design and construction (VDC) for double-storey residential building – Case study

Virtual design and construction (VDC) is a combination of building information modelling (BIM) technologies with adequate work and management scheme for product in supporting people working together in an integrated and simultaneous way. The use of VDC in construction project has positive effects in reducing risk related to design and multidisciplinary coordination. This enhanced the decision-making process by reducing miscommunication issue. This paper presents a case study to investigate the process of integrating different dimensions of information i.e., time (4D) and cost (5D) with a 3D model for doublestorey residential building construction considering the zoning conditions. Implementation of VDC with zoning plan leads to an efficient construction management in project feasibility study. It enabled comparison of a virtual model to evaluate the advantages and practicality of VDC for doublestorey residential building. The 3D architectural and structural models elements are prepared at level of detail (LOD300) using Autodesk Revit. The 3D models are then integrated to simulation software (i.e., Autodesk Navisworks Manage). Visualisation of the project (i.e., 4D and 5D) is achieved as the outcome of the simulation by implementation of VDC. The results revealed that the practicability of VDC was affected by LOD and software interoperability.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ БУРОЙ ВОДОРОСЛИ FUCUS DISTICHUS В ТЕХНОЛОГИИ РЫБОМУЧНЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ

The research results on the development of fishmeal products technology with the introduction of brown Fucus distichus as well as a broth prepared from chum salmon dressing waste as structure-regulating, flavoring and enriching components are presented in the article. The study results of Fucus algae introduction influence on limiting shear stress, stickiness and water-holding capacity of minced fish and the effect results of replacing water with broth in the dough recipe are presented. It is shown that the introduction of these additives has a positive effect on the rheological properties of fishmeal products, increasing the strength of minced meat, reducing moisture losses during heat treatment, increasing the dough elasticity for dumpling production. The technological scheme of production, including operations for the introduction of algae and fish broth, is given.

Enzymatic extraction of oil from Atlantic mackerel waste and its use in functional nutrition

The oil content in the waste of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) was investigated, it was found that the highest oil content is characteristic of mackerel heads. The total mass of waste (heads, ridges, and internal organs) contains 18.7% oil, therefore, it can be a raw material for its production. The oil obtained from mackerel waste is characterized by an acid value of 1.1 mg KOH/g, a peroxide value of 4.1 meq/kg, a saponification value of 179.5 mg KOH/g, and an iodine value of 141.9 g/100 g. Indicators of hydrolytic and oxidative spoilage do not exceed the values regulated for edible oil. The fatty acid composition of oil, studied by gas chromatography, indicates the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids at the level of 52%, among which omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosatrienoic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, and alpha-linolenic), performing important biological functions in the human body, have been identified. The effect of hydrolysis duration with the enzyme preparation Alcalase 2,5 L and its dosage on the degree of oil extraction from the crushed waste of Atlantic mackerel was investigated. It was found that during hydrolysis of 0.5% Alcalase within 60 minutes, up to 78.5% of the oil from the amount of oil extracted by extraction with diethyl ether using the Soxhlet method is extracted from fish raw materials. The oil extracted from the secondary raw materials of Atlantic mackerel is proposed to be used to enrich the emulsion sauce made according to the recipe of Provencal mayonnaise. Replacing 15 % of sunflower oil in the sauce with fish oil allows you to get a product that is functional for essential omega-3 fatty acids: alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic. The technological scheme of production of the enriched product is presented.

Фторангидритовые вяжущие для изготовления строительных композитов

The study presents the results of investigating fluorohydrite raw materials and methods of their utilization for production of gypsum binders and building materials on their basis. The classification of fluorinehydrite raw materials developed by the authors allows to systematize the scientific data on its composition and properties in order to use them in the development of technological principles and processes of composite materials production. As a result, rational compositions and universal technological schemes of production of composite materials on the basis of neutralized fluorohydrite have been developed.

Prospects for a neutron EDM measurement with an advanced ultracold neutron source at TRIUMF

The TUCAN (TRIUMF Ultra-Cold Advanced Neutron) collaboration is building a new high-intensity ultracold neutron (UCN) source at TRIUMF with the aim of measuring the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) with unprecedented precision. TUCAN employs a spallation-driven superthermal UCN production scheme which has been demonstrated with a prototype UCN source. In this article, recent progress on the major components of a new upgraded UCN source and developments in thee context of installation of the nEDM spectrometer are reported.

Toward the Capacity of Private Information Retrieval From Coded and Colluding Servers

In this work, two practical concepts related to private information retrieval (PIR) are introduced and coined <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">full support-rank</i> PIR and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">strongly linear</i> PIR. Being of full support-rank is a technical, yet natural condition required to prove a converse result for a capacity expression and satisfied by almost all currently known capacity-achieving schemes, while strong linearity is a practical requirement enabling implementation over small finite fields with low subpacketization degree. Then, the capacity of MDS-coded, linear, full support-rank PIR in the presence of colluding servers is derived, as well as the capacity of symmetric, linear PIR with colluding, adversarial, and nonresponsive servers for the recently introduced concept of matched randomness. This positively settles the capacity conjectures stated by Freij-Hollanti <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">et al.</i> and Tajeddine <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">et al.</i> in the presented cases. It is also shown that, further restricting to strongly-linear PIR schemes with deterministic linear interference cancellation, the so-called star product scheme proposed by Freij-Hollanti <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">et al.</i> is essentially optimal and induces no capacity loss.

Технічні й економічні аспекти створення підгалузі з виробництва синтетичного рідкого палива в Україні

The article proves that today Ukraine finds itself in a situation where it depends solely on imported supplies of light oil products to meet its motor fuel needs, which is unacceptable from the point of view of the country’s energy and national security, and the solution to this problem lies in the plane of organization of motor fuel production from the country’s own natural resources. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the technical and economic foundations for creating a synthetic motor fuel subsector in Ukraine. To achieve this aim, the authors define the classification of alternative motor fuels; provide a comparative description of the energy content and scope of use of different types of motor fuels, and also provides comparative characteristics of synthetic along with the best grades of natural oil; assess the compliance of synthetic gasoline and diesel fuel with the Euro-4 standard; considers the technical-operational advantages of synthetic analogues of oil fuel over other alternatives. Based on the carried out analysis, the article proves that, given the limited resource capabilities of Ukraine’s motor fuel production from oil and natural gas, the production of synthetic liquid motor fuel (SLMF) from coal raw materials should be recommended for development in the country; the raw material base for the production of synthetic liquid fuel is researched. The article also analyzes the peculiarities of methods and specific technologies for producing synthetic liquid motor fuel from coal and determines that the technology of synthesizing synthetic liquid motor fuel using the Fischer-Tropsch method with preliminary production of synthesis gas by steam-oxygen gasification of coal is advisable for development in Ukraine. Taking this into account, the resource and product balance of the full cycle of synthetic liquid fuel production is formed, a general production scheme of the industry subsector of SLF in Ukraine is developed, technical-economic characteristics of the national and regional industrial complexes for the production of SLF are presented, and the structure of the subsector for the production of SLF in the country is proposed.

Effects of climate change on future energy production of Namakhvani HPP

Climate change may be considered relevant for hydropower production schemes all over the world. Despite this, the assessment of the impact of climate change on hydropower is uncertain and must be interpreted with that in mind. The paper focuses on the Namakhvani HPP (400 MW), a new project under development in the Rioni River, in Georgia. Using it as an example, the paper emphasizes the critical role that is played by uncertainty in climate impact risk assessments and explores the interpretation of simulation results, providing ways in which they can be transformed in actionable information for decision-making.

An empirical study for customer relationship management in banking sector using machine learning techniques

Customer creation is necessary for a new bank and as well as retention is an existing bank that is more productive and cost-effective. Indian banks' CRM aims to develop and retain their customers and to view a whole organisational structure as a fully integrated attempt to seek, build, and meet the needs of customers. The deposit and innovation capacity is extremely low in rural areas, but immense in urban regions because the majority of the potential product scheme is well known. It was assumed that analysis and CRM in the banking sector were appropriate in these circumstances. The study is an analytical survey using Machine Learning (ML) techniques aimed at investigating the technological progress faced by commercial banks, and how far banks have gained to create a better performance of the financial sector of public and private sector banks.

Life cycle assessment of the Argentine lemon and its derivatives in a circular economy context

Over the last few years, a paradigm shift has emerged towards a circular economy that seeks to return to the process as many material/energy flows as possible to increase the sustainability of products, reducing waste and pollution. The citrus industry is not an exception hence one way to apply this approach is through the re-use of certain outflows to produce bioproducts and bioenergy. The objectives of this work are, first, to present the environmental profile of lemons and derivatives in Argentina through the Life Cycle Assessment methodology, and second, to unveil environmental implications of shifting from traditional industries to biorefineries which apply circular economy principles. To do that, the current production scheme for manufacturing essential oil, concentrated juices and dehydrated peel is studied (baseline), to then consider new products, i.e., ethanol, limonene and biogas, through several scenarios with different degrees of biogas recirculation. We find that for lemon production, agrochemicals represent more than 60% in eleven of the twelve impact categories. For processed products, agriculture contributes with more than 50% in all the categories, followed by natural gas and electricity consumption. It also results that adding value to wastes and implementing circular economy strategies do not ensure a better environmental performance of the system. When comparing the current situation with biorefinery schemes, the most promising scenario is the one in which all the biogas is used to produce electricity, causing the least impact in eight of the twelve categories analyzed.

Optimization of Aquaporin Loading for Performance Enhancement of Aquaporin-Based Biomimetic Thin-Film Composite Membranes.

The aquaporin-based biomimetic thin-film composite membrane (ABM-TFC) has demonstrated superior separation performance and achieved successful commercialization. The larger-scale production of the ABM membrane requires an appropriate balance between the performance and manufacturing cost. This study has systematically investigated the effects of proteoliposome concentration, protein-to-lipid ratio, as well as the additive on the separation performance of ABM for the purpose of finding the optimal preparation conditions for the ABM from the perspective of industrial production. Although increasing the proteoliposome concentration or protein-to-lipid ratio within a certain range could significantly enhance the water permeability of ABMs by increasing the loading of aquaporins in the selective layer, the enhancement effect was marginal or even compromised beyond an optimal point. Alternatively, adding cholesterol in the proteoliposome could further enhance the water flux of the ABM membrane, with minor effects on the salt rejection. The optimized ABM not only achieved a nearly doubled water flux with unchanged salt rejection compared to the control, but also demonstrated satisfactory filtration stability within a wide range of operation temperatures. This study provides a practical strategy for the optimization of ABM-TFC membranes to fit within the scheme of industrial-scale production.

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ ФАГОВОГО БИОПРЕПАРАТА XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS

Traditional methods of combating bacterial diseases of plants, including vascular bacteriosis of Cruciferous plants, do not currently allow to achieve effective result, which, among other things, is associated with the ability of phytopathogens to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Application of bacteriophages as antibacterial agents is a farsighted and effective direction in the field of plant protection. The aim of the study was to develop a technology for production and control of Xanthomonas campestris phage biological product, taking into account previously defined technological parameters. The objects of the study were X. campestris pv. campestris Cl34-UlSAU bacteriophage isolated from cabbage samples with signs of vascular bacteriosis from the fields of Ulyanovsk region, Staromainsky district. As a production strain, we used X. campestris pv. campestris Xc2 bacterial strain. The authors carried out studies on selection of suitable conditions, taking into account previously defined parameters: a method for bacteriophage removal from a production culture of bacteria, suitable passage time for production of a phage preparation, appropriate balance of phage and bacterial culture for cultivation, suitable temperature for bacteriophage cultivation. The paper introduces a scheme for production and control of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris phage biological product, which consists of 4 stages: sample preparation of a production culture of bacteria for compliance with the properties of the declared strain, sample preparation of a production strain of Kl34-UlSAU bacteriophage for compliance with its activity after storage, production of a phage product with reference to production scaling, pouring, purity control, bacteriophage titer, its specificity and spectrum of lytic action, storage of a biological product.

LOCAL AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FIELD OF FOOD SECURITY: THE IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF CERTIFICATION THROUGH NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN QUALITY SCHEMES

Quality schemes or quality standards are a way of recognizing the quality of agri-food products that have a sensory characteristic influenced by the geographical area. Among the pro arguments of the optional certification through quality schemes of agri-food products, we mention: the awareness of the European consumer on the quality of Romanian agri-food products with tradition and opportunities to access European funds.

INNOVATIVE THREAD METHOD THROUGH CYLINDRICAL HOLES

Innovative activity in the field of engineering and technology, based on the use of best practices, contributes to scientific and technological progress in production. The latest projects in the field of technology significantly increase the technical and economic performance of enterprises. Innovative technical solutions of production nature significantly improve the structure and quality of production. Given the level of the proposed technological changes in the manufacture of threads in through holes, these innovations cover the field of combinatorial and partial. Today mechanical engineering is characterized by mechanization and automation of technological processes, a wide range of products of various parts. Among the non-detachable and detachable joints of parts, the threaded connection is the most common. Simplicity, reliability, the ability to adjust the force with which the conjugate surfaces come into contact, the possibility of repeated cycles of disassembly and assembly, etc., make this type of connection the most commonly used in mechanisms and machines of modern engineering. With the simplicity of the contact pair of threaded joints, where one of them contains the outer and the other the inner screw surface, during their manufacture there are problems that significantly inhibit production. The subject of research of this article is the solution of difficulties of manufacturing of an internal cut in through openings of small diameter by means of a tap. According to various sources, up to 80% of marriage is due to breaking taps. Studies by a group of scientists has found that more than 75% of taps break when the reverse (reverse) stroke of the tap, when the torque reaches its maximum value. The reverse scheme of production of a screw profile of a cutting surface by means of the mechanized devices and their alternative analogs, and also machines of drilling group, is offered.

Small-Scale Biofuel Production: Assessment of Efficiency

Currently, the energy industry is tending toward a global expansion of the use of renewable energy sources, thereby contributing to economic development. In the Russian Federation, such transformation is particularly important in terms of enhancing the involvement of excessive wood waste in production. In this regard, processing wood waste into pellets has proven to be highly beneficial. Apart from increasing the efficiency of the harvested wood and reducing the fire hazard in waste storages, it also positively influences the structure of energy balance in specific regions, creating an impetus for the development of small businesses in the country. This paper aims to assess the economic effects of biofuel production together with the efficiency of processing wood waste into pellets as a factor in the development of small business in the Russian Federation. Net present value (NPV) is used as the main analytical tool to assess economic efficiency. A general scientific analysis of the open data is also applied, including analytical reviews of the Russian ministries and international organizations. As a result, the paper estimates the prospects of using wood biomass in the energy industry, provides options for establishing capacities of microenterprises engaged in pellet production, and considers the expected economic effect for various levels of capacity utilization. The scientific novelty of this paper is centered on the design of a biofuel production scheme from wood waste (wood pellets) for a small-business enterprise with minimum labor and production costs. The paper is highly practice oriented, as it substantiates the economic efficiency of pellet production by small businesses in the Russian Federation in accordance with current legislation and state subsidies. Overall, this paper provides enough evidence to seriously consider the prospects of wood pellet production in order to expand the share of renewable sources in the energy balance of the country.

Screening of the Promising Direct Thrombin Inhibitors from Haematophagous Organisms. Part I: Recombinant Analogues and Their Antithrombotic Activity In Vitro.

The success in treatment of venous thromboembolism and acute coronary syndromes using direct thrombin inhibitors has stimulated research aimed at finding a new anticoagulant from haematophagous organisms. This study deals with the comparison between hirudin-1 from Hirudomedicinalis(desirudin), being the first-known and most well-studied natural anticoagulant, along with recombinant analogs of haemadin from the leech Haemadipsa sylvestris, variegin from the tick Amblyomma variegatum, and anophelin from Anopheles albimanus. These polypeptides were chosen due to their high specificity and affinity for thrombin, as well as their distinctive inhibitory mechanisms. We have developed a universal scheme for the biotechnological production of these recombinant peptides as pharmaceutical substances. The anticoagulant activities of these peptides were compared using the thrombin amidolytic activity assay and prolongation of coagulation time (thrombin time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time) in mouse and human plasma. The preliminary results obtained suggest haemadin as the closest analog of recombinant hirudin-1, the active substance of the medicinal product Iprivask (Aventis Pharmaceuticals, USA) for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacement surgery. In contrast, variegin can be regarded as a natural analog of bivalirudin (Angiomax, The Medicines Company), a synthetic hirudin-1 derivative certified for the treatment of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and of patients with unstable angina pectoris after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Fat Cats, Production Networks, and the Right to Fair Pay

AbstractShould there be a legal right to fair pay so that anyone might challenge the relative fairness of their pay? International human rights law does not clearly support such a right, partly due to the uncertain meaning of fairness in pay. The article challenges this uncertainty, explaining the marginal relevance of theories of distributive justice. Standards of fairness should be discovered instead in principles of interpersonal justice, particularly the bilateral principle of good faith, and in associational principles of desert by reference to contribution and recognition of persons. These contain an egalitarian impulse providing moral reasons for rejecting market rates of pay and, it is argued, should apply beyond single corporate entities, to corporate groups and networks of companies sharing an integrated production scheme. Finally, appropriate regulations enacting a legal right to fair pay are explored with a view to achieving reflexive yet effective regulation using works councils to fix outer limits to wage dispersal ratios.

Сучасний досвід десульфурації сталі

Modern technological schemes of steel production do not allow to achieve low (&lt; 0.01 % S) and ultra-low (&lt;0.005 % S) sulfur content on the production of in the metal directly. That is why out-of-furnace steel treatment is often used to remove sulfur. Desulfurization process of steel depends on the chemical composition of the slag, the time of its formation in the ladle, metal oxidation, conditions of mixing of steel in a ladle, additional technological operations and ladle metal processing. Methods are widely used for desulfurization of steel treatment of steel with solid slag-forming mixtures, synthetic slag, lime-aluminous slag, silico-calcium and other powdered materials. Modern approaches to the process of steel desulfurization in conditions steel production are analyzed in the Study. In particular, the Ukrainian (on the example of PJSC ‘Azovstal Iron &amp; Steel Works’ and PJSC ‘Dneprovsky Integrated Iron &amp; Steel Works named after Dzershinsky’) and foreign (on the example of PJSC ‘Severstal’ and PJSC ‘Magnitogorsk Iron &amp; Steel Works’) experience of desulfurization under oxygen converter production. The use of technological complexes ‘Installation of pig iron desulfurization steel making unit’ and ‘Cast iron desulfurization installation steel making unit is ‘oven-bucket’ installation’ provides a deeper desulfurization of steel, the possibility of optimizing the cost of steel production, expands range of scarce products and eliminates a number of restrictive conditions that complicate current production. The analysis of steel C80D desulfurization process is given in the conditions of JSC ‘Moldova Steel Works’, in which partial sulfur removal occurs in an arc steel making furnace, and the ultra-low content is achieved by creating a highly basic refining slag in the process out-of-furnace processing of steel. The study of the kinetics of the desulfurization process of 20GL steel in the conditions of JSC ‘Tashkent Mechanical Plant’ with the use of solid slag-forming mixtures and modification of steel with rare-earth metals is analyzed. The issue of desulfurization of electric steel in the conditions of OJSC ‘Byelorussian Steel Works’ with injection of powdered materials through the installation ‘Velko’ during out-of-furnace processing of steel is considered. Keywords: steel desulfurization, desulfurizer reagent, degree of desulfurization, cast iron desulfurization installation, out-of-furnace processing of steel, ‘‘oven-bucket’’ installation.

Economy of the mexican agriculture sector in times of COVID-19

&lt;p&gt;COVID-19, a pandemic disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, changed the production schemes and supply chains in all spheres of the world’s economy. The agricultural sector in Mexico was no exception, although it has been so essential during the pandemic that its growth was higher than the other sectors of the Mexican economy and it stood out as a food supplier in the world in 2020. Farmers’ vocations and the integration of productive food chains led to a surplus of 1.2 billion dollars, with an annual increase of 39.92%. The pandemic is a challenge and an opportunity for the Mexican countryside in terms of digital and technological innovation derived from border investigation. However, it is crucial to establish public agricultural planning policies to help optimize this area of opportunity by focusing on new production and national and international trade models, responding efficiently to national visions to benefit producers-consumers and guaranteeing food security in the framework of the UN’s international policies for sustainable development, the IPCC’s reduction of climate impact and ensuring human health by the WHO.&lt;/p&gt;

TREATMENT OF FOOD PRODUCTION WASTE WATER WITH A HIGH CONTENT OF FATS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS AND PHENOLIC IMPURITIES

The technology of food production has undergone signifi cant changes in recent decades. For this reason, considerable changes have also been made in the technological chain which resulted in the formation of wastewater with other concentrations of pollutants. As a lot of food industry enterprises are located in the residential area, it complicates the construction of treatment facilities, due to the limited territory. In this case, biological wastewater treatment can be recommended. This method of wastewater treatment is relatively new and has not yet been widely studied. This paper reveals signifi cant advantages of bio-products over other purifi cation technologies. The data was collected and analyzed at Bezenchuk oil extraction plant. The researchers studied its production scheme and collected samples from diff erent parts of this production area. They further drew a diagram of treatment facilities and examined both incoming wastewater and treated wastewater. Then, in laboratory conditions, the dose ranging of bio-products was carried out while taking wastewater from the refi ning shop and wastewater coming to the treatment facilities. These experiments of bio-products application show the potential of their use for the intensifi cation of wastewater treatment processes, for the reduction of the level of unpleasant odors and for improving sanitary safety of sewage facilities.