Broadcast Scheme Research Articles

A Linear-Time Optimal Broadcasting Algorithm in Stars of Cliques

For the telephone broadcast model, an $O(n\log n)$-time algorithm for constructing an optimal broadcasting scheme in a star of cliques with a total of $n$ vertices was recently presented by Ambashankar and Harutyunyan at IWOCA 2024. In the present note we give a considerably shorter and purified algorithm description and correctness proof. Moreover, we improve the time complexity to $O(n)$.

On Broadcast Schemes of Knödel Graphs

Knödel graphs on even number of vertices serve as crucial components in constructing various broadcast graphs, particularly those on an odd number of vertices. The efficacy of these constructions heavily relies on the chosen broadcast scheme. Dimensional broadcast schemes are widely employed for broadcasting Knödel graphs. This paper delves into the investigation of standard and reverse dimensional broadcast schemes identifying numerous valid schemes. Specifically, let [Formula: see text] be a Knödel graph of order [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We explore the impact of [Formula: see text] cyclic shifts on both standard and reverse dimensional broadcast schemes of Knödel graphs, where [Formula: see text], with repetition of the second dimension.

Broadcast Strategy of “Klinik 24” Program on Radio Geronimo 106.1 FM

Radio is an auditory medium (it can only be heard), but it is cheap, popular, and can be brought or listened to anywhere. Radio serves as a medium of expression, communication, information, education, and entertainment. The KLINIK 24 program was created to present information about trending beauty tips, trends and innovations in lifestyle, and health to listeners in the Geronimo FM segment. The material discussed in the program is about health in the form of physical, facial, internal medicine, psychology and much more about Health which is discussed in the KLINIK 24 program. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. The theory used to analyze is the theory of Susan Tyler Eastman's strategy. The results of this study indicate that the broadcasting strategy used by the KLINIK 24 program is a mass attracting strategy.

Writing Scripts for “Bincang Sore” Program Broadcasts on Radio Solopos 103 FM

This research examines the process of preparing the Bincang Sore program script on Radio Solopos 104 FM, one of the most popular radio stations in Solo. This research uses broadcast strategy theory with qualitative research methods and participatory observation as primary data collection techniques. This research shows that broadcast scripts are a broadcast strategy that goes through three stages. First, pre-production, which includes efforts to understand the purpose of writing the script and the characteristics of the audience, researching to find ideas for script material followed by collecting related information, determining the structure of the script according to the duration of the program, as well as selecting style and language based on audience characteristics. Second, the production stage includes preparing an interesting opening speech, arranging the material by referring to everyday language, short, simple, and not long-winded, and choosing words that are easy to hear and understand by listeners and easy for the announcer to pronounce. During production, editing and revisions are also done if parts need to be corrected. Third, the post-production stage evaluates the Bincang Sore program broadcast script, rarely done at Solopos Radio.

Quantum broadcasting of the generalized GHZ state: quantum noise analysis using quantum state tomography via IBMQ simulation

This study focuses on the challenges posed by quantum noise to communication protocols, with a particular emphasis on the vulnerabilities of current quantum broadcast protocols. The research employs the generalized GHZ state, known for its multipartite entangled cluster state with real-value coefficients, as a diagnostic tool to understand and address the impact of quantum noise on transmitted information. Implementing two novel controlled quantum broadcast schemes on the IBM Quantum (IBMQ) Experience platform, using the Qiskit library and the QASM simulator, the investigation evaluates the effects of four different types of quantum noise through Kraus operator models. A notable aspect of the study is the pioneering use of quantum state tomography for a comprehensive analysis of quantum noise effects, providing novel insights into the resilience of quantum communication protocols.

Radio’s role in agricultural development: a review of broadcasting strategies for farmer education in South-West Nigeria

Purpose This paper aims to assess the role of radio programmes in agricultural development and enhancing the capacity of farmers in Oyo and Ogun states, situated in the South-West region of Nigeria. Specifically, this study investigated Farm Radio International (FRI) radio broadcast strategies, their effectiveness and how they enhance the farmers’ knowledge, skills and practices. Design/methodology/approach The paper opted for a qualitative research design, using both interviews and focus group discussions to gather data from FRI radio partners and farmers. Findings Findings indicated that radio is effective in influencing the practices of farmers and helping them adopt new knowledge, ideas and skills. FRI partners use rural radio forum broadcasting strategy. Also, findings indicated that the most effective broadcasting strategy to reach the farmers with agricultural information is rural radio forum. Practical implications The paper includes implications for agricultural development organisations, providing a framework for monitoring and evaluating the impact of their communication interventions, helping ensure accountability and efficient use of funds. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to investigate the broadcasting strategies that are most effective in reaching farmers with agricultural information and the influence of agricultural radio programmes on their farming practices.

The Spatial Distribution of Copepod Functional Traits in a Highly Anthropized Mediterranean Coastal Marine Region

Copepods dominate marine zooplankton in abundance and play key roles in pelagic food webs. These small crustaceans show high taxonomic and functional diversity. Although there has been considerable research on their taxonomy, only a few studies have focused on their functional traits. In this study, we analyzed the functional traits of 95 copepod species, considering their body size, trophic regime, feeding behavior, and spawning strategy. Based on samples collected during two surveys (autumn 2020 and summer 2021) located in the coastal waters of three gulfs (Gaeta, Naples, and Salerno) in the highly populated Campania region (the central Tyrrhenian Sea, NW Mediterranean), we identified nine functional groups of copepods with different characteristics. The group that comprised herbivorous copepods with feeding currents and a broadcast strategy was the most abundant in both seasons and all gulfs. This group was dominated by Acartia clausi, Centropages typicus, Temora stylifera, and the Paracalanus parvus complex. The other functional groups showed differences in their temporal and spatial distribution. Our study reports the functional diversity of copepods along the Campania coast, thus contributing to advancing our knowledge of the planktonic trophic structure in a region of considerable importance due to its marine resources and services.

WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT THROUGH RADIO BROADCAST PROGRAM STRATEGY

The radio broadcasting strategy is carried out by Beautiful Radio 95.6 FM on the broadcast program Ruang Perempuan. This research aims to find out the process of radio broadcasting strategy with Ruang Perempuan program using the concept of Peter K Pringle. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. The technique of determining informants using purposive sampling technique. The research data obtained from observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research on the planning stage of Ruang Perempuan broadcasts are through the selection of themes, program formats, production teams and broadcasters, program objectives and routine evaluation. The production stage begins with making a question list, preparing equipment, making digital posters and brifieng; then followed by the production stage. The post-production stage involved handing over the inspirational women's charter and editing the aftermovie video. Execution stage by determining broadcast hours based on planning and target listeners. The monitoring and evaluation stage is carried out on an ongoing basis and once a month. Ruang Perempuan is present to optimize the broadcast program with the target audience of adult women aged 30-45 years in terms of information, inspiration, and motivation regarding finance, career, profession, business through female speakers. The implication is that radio broadcast programs specifically designed to encourage women's empowerment can be one of the effective instruments in overcoming gender inequality and increasing women's participation in various aspects of life.

A Tamper-Resistant Broadcasting Scheme for Secure Communication in Internet of Autonomous Vehicles

As increasingly prevalent technologies in autonomous driving, 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of autonomous vehicle (IoAV) technology is recognized as a technique that is capable of disruptively changing the way people travel and greatly improving the travel experience. In the IoAV scenarios, information dissemination is inseparable from the interaction between autonomous vehicles and smart infrastructure. However, existing efforts rarely focus on the secrecy, authenticity of interactive data and flexible one-to-many communication between autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we propose a tamper-resistant broadcasting (TRBS) scheme for secure communication, which handles the inefficiencies and insecurity of existing identity-based broadcast signcryption solutions. Not only can our TRBS protect communication data from being illegally accessed, forged, or tampered with by malicious vehicles, but it can also enable efficient and flexible secure information dissemination between autonomous vehicles. We also exhibit strict security proofs and experimental evaluations to demonstrate our TRBS is secure and efficient for real-world applications.

Broadcasting Strategy Implementation of Malire Ki Sunda Program as Media Preserving Sundanese Culture at SMTV Sumedang Local Television Station

Malire Ki Sunda is a mandatory program of SMTV Sumedang to provide information about the noble values of the Sundanese Society, and arts that are closely related to Sundanese Culture. The speakers presented were Artists and Cultural Practitioners. The purpose of this study is to determine the broadcasting strategy implementation of Malire Ki Sunda Program as media preserving Sundanese culture at SMTV Sumedang local television station. This research uses the theory of Program Broadcasting Strategy from Peter K. Pringle. The approach used is qualitative with a case study method. Data were obtained from the results of interviews and observations. Data processing and analyzing techniques use Miles and Huberman data analysis model. The results obtained from this study are: First, planning to discuss the determination of themes, concepts, and production funds, the second is production stages which include pre-production, productions, and post-production activities, the third is evaluation and supervision programs by program directors and hosts, and the fourth program is executions to determine the broadcast time and promotion of the program. The main factor behind SMTV Sumedang use of this broadcasting strategy is globalization, SMTV Sumedang is a local television that has a cultural preservation program, namely Malire Ki Sunda, Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2020 concerning Sumedang Puseur Sundanese Culture, and the youth do not comprehend about Sundanese culture.

Strategi Penyiaran Radio El John 95.9 fm Palembang Sebagai Media Pariwisata

Radio El John 95.9 FM Palembang is one of the audio media in the city of Palembang. As the only radio that disseminates information about tourism, El John radio certainly has a strategy in its broadcasting. This is what makes researchers interested in finding out the broadcasting strategy for El John 95.9 FM Palembang radio as a tourism medium. This research uses a qualitative approach method. The theory used in this research is a theory developed by Phil Jones which dissects communication strategy into five stages, namely analysis and strategic planning (strategic analysis and planning), strategic design and implementation planning (strategic design amd implementation planning), launching or use of strategies (launching the strategy), follow-up and commitment (follow-up and commitment), and finally the provision of tracking strategies and results (embedding the strategy and tracking results). The results of the research concluded that El John radio, in its broadcast strategy as a tourism medium, makes great use of the latest technology to disseminate information, starting from conventional radio, radiostreaming online, radio apps, social media. In the broadcast, the announcer conveys information enthusiastically and cheerfully so that listeners are interested and enthusiastic about listening to the broadcast. Apart from that, the announcer also often uses interactive sentences, so that the listeners feel like they are being spoken to by the broadcaster. El John Radio also directs throughoutcrew to create tourism content when they are at tourist attractions in order to reach a wider audience so that the goal of El John radio to revive and preserve existing tourist attractions can be realized.

Repeat with a direct response broadcast strategy

Repeat with a direct response broadcast strategy

Raptor-like Coded Broadcasting for Efficient V2X Communications

Broadcasting is a critical feature in V2X communication, allowing for the simultaneous dissemination of safety-critical messages to all nearby vehicles. However, the requirement for low latency in information dissemination and the need for reliable and efficient data transmission pose significant challenges to broadcasting in V2X communication systems. In this paper, we present a novel raptor-like coded broadcasting (RLCB) scheme for low-latency V2X communications. Firstly, we introduce feedback into a concatenated fountain code, and adjust its precoding and coding structure to achieve effective data deliverance under a limited number of retransmissions for low-latency transmission. Then, based on the raptor-like encoding and decoding structure, we propose a mutual exclusion-based network encoding (MENC) algorithm to enable retransmission in broadcasting scenarios. We also conduct a complexity analysis on the encoding and decoding process of our proposed scheme. Numerical results demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed scheme in reducing the packet error rate (PER) and improving spectral efficiency compared to the R10 code and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme.

The Marketing Strategy of Live Broadcast Based on Consumer Psychology

With the advent of the information age and the popularization of the Internet, the number of netizens is increasing year by year. People are becoming enthusiastic about online shopping. Diversified live broadcast content and types of live broadcast in various ways have gradually formed the development characteristics of interactive network platforms and semi-fragmented viewing, which is in line with contemporary people's pursuit of convenience and efficiency. This article will start from the consumer psychology of the broadcast room. Based on the analysis of three common consumer psychology -- seeking cheap, seeking convenience, following the crowd, this paper analyzes the marketing strategies corresponding to these three psychologies in the broadcast room -- promotion strategy, innovative live broadcast strategy, anchor positioning strategy. There are potential problems behind these marketing strategies. While attracting consumers to consume for them, consumers' rights and interests should be protected to avoid them falling into the traps of these strategies. Cheap commodities need strict control of commodity quality, online shopping in broadcast rooms need to eliminate security risks, consumer psychology needs to correctly guide rational shopping. This paper will describe the countermeasures to be taken to these problems.

Hierarchical Q-learning-enabled neutrosophic AHP scheme in candidate relay set size adaption in vehicular networks

Cooperative candidate relay sets (CRS) in opportunistic broadcast paradigms can significantly improve the performance efficiency of traditional broadcast schemes by simultaneously scheduling multiple vehicles in the data packet transmission process. Nonetheless, multiple relay synchronization may cause enormous data redundancy and high delays in data delivery, resulting in a high cooperative transmission cost. High vehicle velocities and vehicular topology restrictions, including intersections, exacerbate the cooperative transmission cost. Motivated by a trade-off between delay and delivery ratio via reducing duplicate data packets and redundant relays, we address this gap in this paper. To this end, we propose an adaptive candidate relay set (ACRS) size scheme based on the Neutrosophic Set Analytic Hierarchy Process (NS-AHP) technique assisted by a Q-learning algorithm. The NS-AHP pair-wise comparison matrix includes; redundancy, cooperative-based efficiency, and relay set stability as the decision-making attributes. Meanwhile, we use a hierarchical Q-learning approach based on the time-varying vehicular environment to adjust the relative preference of the attributes and alternatives (i.e., various CRS sizes) over each other. To optimally learn the relative preference values of the attributes and alternatives over each other, reward functions are set dynamically at both levels. Comprehensive simulations via NS-2 and SUMO are carried out to assess the efficacy of our ACRS scheme compared to three commonly used baseline techniques of fixed size, threshold-based, and probability-based techniques. Overall, the average yields obtained from the experimental outcomes in the urban and highway scenarios show that the ACRS scheme, on average, improves the packet delivery ratio by 3.77%, 5.36%, and 1.35%; reduces the single-hop delay by 34.78%, 42.085%, and 19.39%; reduces the end-to-end delay by 34.76%, 42.72%, and 21.35%; improves the transmission throughput by 34.24%, 41.54%, and 19.305%; and reduces the redundancy ratio by 43.69%, 50.66%, and 24.32% compared to the fixed size, threshold-based, and probability-based techniques, respectively.

Promoting Ghanaian languages: The role of telenovela series

Telenovelas have become an attractive form of entertainment for many Ghanaians largely because of the use of local Ghanaian languages as voice-overs during telecast. The question that arises is – Does the telecast of telenovelas in a local language play any role in the promotion of Ghanaian languages? Using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, we explored the role of Telenovelas with voice-overs in the promotion of Ghanaian languages among residents of some communities in Accra, Ghana; specifically, Lapaz, Osu and Gbawe Mallam communities, University students and market women. Findings show that due to low English literacy levels, voice-over telenovelas were preferred among residents in Lapaz community and the market women. A privately-owned television station, Max TV, emerged as the station with a wider audience due to its innovative broadcasting strategy of voice-over Telenovelas using the Ghanaian (Akan) language. Overall, the telenovelas appear to be promoting the Akan language by exposing viewers to lexical knowledge, facilitating the acquisition of new vocabulary items, and shaping children’s learning of Akan. This paper, therefore, unearths the significance of glocalization of telenovelas in the promotion of local languages in Ghana.

To Interact and to Narrate: A Categorical Multidimensional Analysis of Twitter Use by US Banks and Energy Corporations

Background: With the development of digital technologies, Twitter allows organizations to make better use of social media for impression management, advertising, and marketing. Literature review: As a recently developed register, Twitter has been researched as a personal-oriented communication method, but little research has been conducted on the register of corporate Twitter use. This study, exploring Twitter use by the 2020 US Fortune 500 banks and energy corporations, may be the first one to conduct register analysis of corporate Twitter. Methodology: This study used summary language variables of Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) as dimensions of register variation, and also conducted categorical multidimensional analysis (CMDA) of linguistic features and features specific to Twitter. Research questions: 1. What are the patterns of register variation in the tweets of US banks and energy corporations based on the results of four LIWC summary variables and the CMDA method? 2. Are there any differences between tweets of the two industries within each pattern of register variation? Results and conclusions: Results showed that tweets of both industries tend to display a categorical, confident self-regulating style, and a mixed tone. Tweets of banks are more formal, self-regulating, and oriented toward narrative (congratulatory, positive informational, and effortful), while tweets of energy corporations are more authentic and oriented toward interaction (advisory, routine, and affiliative). Tweets having narrative functions tend to be formal in style and positive in tone, while tweets having interactive functions tend to display corporations’ confidence and leadership. Corporate Twitter is characterized by the integration of interaction and informational narrative, or “registerial hybridity.” Overall, this study strengthens the idea that corporations use Twitter to facilitate corporate communication with a broadcasting strategy and narrative perspective, and to improve digital communication with an engaging strategy. Findings may shed light on promoting products and corporate impression management on social media.

8K Ultra HD TV broadcast system: challenge, architecture and implementation

The size of the audio and video (AV) content of the 8K program is four times larger than that of 4K content, providing viewers with a more ideal audiovisual experience while placing higher demands on the capability and efficiency of document preparation and processing, signal transmission, and scheduling. However, it is difficult to meet the high robustness requirements of 8K broadcast services because the existing broadcast system architecture is limited by efficiency, cost, and other factors. In this study, an 8K Ultra-High-Definition (UHD) TV program broadcast scheme was designed. The verification results show that the scheme is high quality, highly efficient, and robust. In particular, in the research, the file format normalizing module was first placed in the broadcast area instead of the file preparation area, and the low-compression transmission scheme of the all-IP signal JPEG XS was designed in the signal transmission area for improving the efficiency of the scheme. Next, to reduce the impact on the robustness of broadcast services, the broadcast control logic of the broadcast core components is optimized. Finally, a series of 8K TV program broadcasting systems have been implemented and their performance has been verified. The results show that the system meets the efficiency and robustness requirements of a high-quality 8K AV broadcast system, and thus has a high degree of practicability.

Performance analysis of the BDSBAS-B1C message in trial operation stage

BeiDou Satellite-based Augmentation System (BDSBAS) has come into the trial operation stage since July, 2020. To evaluate the characteristic of the augmentation message in BDSBAS-B1C signal, the effectiveness of the message content was firstly analyzed, and then the validity of the broadcasting strategy was estimated. Finally, the accuracy of the user equivalent ranging error (UERE) and the single frequency positioning error with different correction parameters in BDSBAS-B1C message was evaluated. Based on the above analysis, the effectiveness of the augmentation message was preliminarily verified with the results showing that: (1) the BDSBAS-B1C message type, information content and update interval have basically met the international standard; (2) the accuracy of the UERE obtained with the augmentation message had an obvious improvement in contrast to that of the UERE obtained with the usual navigation message of the GPS satellites, and the ionospheric delay was one of the important factors which affected the accuracy of the UERE; (3) the positioning accuracy obtained with the augmentation message was also improved, and the improvement was more obvious in the service areas with high availability of the ionospheric parameters.

A Fast, Reliable, Opportunistic Broadcast Scheme With Mitigation of Internal Interference in VANETs

In VANETs, it is important to support fast and reliable multi-hop broadcast for safety-related applications. The performance of multi-hop broadcast schemes is greatly affected by relay selection strategies. However, the relationship between the relay selection strategies and the expected broadcast performance has not been fully characterized yet. Furthermore, conventional broadcast schemes usually attempt to minimize the waiting time difference between adjacent relay candidates to reduce the waiting time overhead, which makes the relay selection process vulnerable to internal interference, occurring due to retransmissions from previous forwarders and transmissions from redundant relays. In this paper, we jointly take both of the relay selection and the internal interference mitigation into account and propose a fast, reliable, opportunistic multi-hop broadcast scheme, in which we utilize a novel metric called the expected broadcast speed in relay selection and propose a delayed retransmission mechanism to mitigate the adverse effect of retransmissions from previous forwarders and an expected redundancy probability based mechanism to mitigate the adverse effect of redundant relays. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed scheme yields the best broadcast performance among the four schemes in terms of the broadcast coverage ratio and the end-to-end delivery latency.