Schedulability Analysis Research Articles

Innovative Approach to Rapid Rehabilitation of Concrete Pavement on Urban Highway

This case study presents an innovative fast-track reconstruction approach applied to a heavily trafficked LLPRS project on Interstate-15 (I-15) in southern California. A 4.5-km stretch of badly damaged concrete truck lanes, two in each direction, was rebuilt in only two 210-hour (about 9 days) one-roadbed continuous closures, using counter-flow traffic and around-the-clock operations as accelerated construction, an undertaking estimated to take 12 months using traditional nighttime closures. This post-construction case study validated pre-construction estimates of productivity and traffic delay, which closely matched performance data measured during construction. The I-15 Devore project provided a unique opportunity to validate, fine-tune, and enhance highway analysis tools for future LLPRS projects. The use of CA4PRS schedule analysis and other traffic models presented in this study facilitates teambuilding amongst engineers involved in the design, construction, and traffic phases to mutually arrive at an optimal solution.

Response Time Analysis and Optimal Priority Assignment for Global Non-Preemptive Fixed-Priority Rigid Gang Scheduling

Response Time Analysis and Optimal Priority Assignment for Global Non-Preemptive Fixed-Priority Rigid Gang Scheduling

Night shift work and prostate cancer: a large cohort study from UK Biobank and Mendelian randomisation study

ObjectiveThe global concern regarding the health implications of night shift work has escalated. Nevertheless, variations exist in the observed association between night shift work and prostate cancer (PCa). This study...

Identification of the Contributing Factors Related to Microvascular Complications Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Selected Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal

A descriptive study was carried out on Identification of the contributing factors related to micro-vascular complications among patients with diabetes mellitus in selected hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal. Risk factors for the development of complication of diabetes of Sandra A. Black’s model (2002) were adopted as a conceptual framework. Among 100 diabetic patients were selected by non-probability convenient sampling technique from diabetic clinic Infectious Diseases & Beleghata General Hospital (I.D. & B.G. Hospital). Semi structured interview schedule and Record analysis was used for data collection. The study findings based on descriptive and inferential statistical revealed that 62% falls in only diabetic group and the remaining 38% in the diabetic with micro vascular complication group where only retinopathy 18%, only nephropathy 11%, retinopathy and nephropathy both 9%. Chi square findings revealed that there were significant associations between the microvascular complications of diabetic patients and work habits (4.44) at df (1)/<0.05 level. Chi square findings also revealed that there were significant associations between the microvascular complications of diabetic patients and alcohol habits (4.40) at df (1)/<0.05 level. Recommendations for future studies are large sample size, to assess the prevalence of microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus patient, in different community settings. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, contributing factors related to micro-vascular complications.

Analyzing real-time communication: Arduino-based Controller Area Network (CAN) in electric vehicle

The increasing complexity of electric vehicles (EVs) and the growing demand for propulsion and driver assistance have strengthened the need for CAN networks. This necessitates a detailed analysis of communication and CAN bus utilization. A low bus load does not guarantee a valid design if response times are insufficient. This paper presents a response time analysis (RTA) of a distributed real-time control system that uses an Arduino-based CAN network and an MCP2515 interface to check if the system can be scheduled. The RTA is based on calculating the worst-case response time of the message (WCRT), which is its longest response time. The prototype EV houses a system consisting of four (4) real-time embedded CAN nodes. We have implemented a PID controller within the motor speed control node. Based on existing literature, we proposed an algorithm to calculate the WCRT of the control system messages and another to address the priority inversion issue in network communication. The experimental results for the PID controller are satisfactory. The controller reaches the target speed with minimal oscillations with values 478ms, 31.81s, 0.62%, and 2.57%, corresponding to time rise, settling time, steady-state error, and overshoot at 90 rpm, demonstrating its robust performance. Experimental results confirm the scheduling analysis of the system with a low bus load (0.9% at 500 kbps). The tests conducted on the experimental and SAE benchmark data show that validity depends on message schedulability, bus load, and bandwidth. A system may be schedulable at 500 kbps but not at 125 kbps with the same traffic.

Analysis of Fork-Join Scheduling on Heterogeneous Parallel Servers

Analysis of Fork-Join Scheduling on Heterogeneous Parallel Servers

A bibliometric analysis and visualization of sustainable production scheduling

Future shortage of material and energy resources also scarcity that might happen in manufacturing world have become public interest in world. This challenge build innovative needs like resource-efficient engineering, as the transition from a linear to a circular economy. There are more researches on energy-efficiency in many kind of manufacturing settings, including scheduling As a result, there have been numerous studies on sustainable production scheduling reviews, but only a few have documented the literature. This paper aims to provide summary of existing researches by bibliometric analysis. Bibliometrics is the interdisciplinary science of quantitative analysis of all knowledge carriers mathematical and statistical methods and a commonly used method of identifying developments from certain fields

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Irrigation and Nitrogen Scheduling in Wheat ( L.) Cultivation

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Irrigation and Nitrogen Scheduling in Wheat ( L.) Cultivation

Simulation analysis of dynamic scheduling for uncertain task in automated container terminal

Simulation analysis of dynamic scheduling for uncertain task in automated container terminal

Optimization of Multitask Scheduling for Swarm UAV System with Charging Platform

Swarm UAV technology have potential application in a wide range because of its ability to utilize large number, low cost and unified scheduled UAVs. Unified scheduling is tasks and resources allocation through UAV scheduling optimization, which is the key problem for swarm UAV research. Existing scheduling research mainly focuses on scheduling analysis for small-scale, short-time tasks of swarm UAVs, and rarely consider the application of charging platform. Scheduling optimization must consider the influence of charging and other factors for future UAV multi-task and long-time applications . An improved swarm UAV task scheduling method based on a unified scheduling model and improved genetic algorithms was proposed. First, the wireless charging platform resources are incorporated into the UAV working environment, and the working scenario is modeled systematically. Then, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the task and charging platform resource assignment. Finally, the proposed method is tested and validated using simulated scenarios. Test results show that the proposed method can better adapt to changes in tasks, environment and resources, and still shows good results with relatively large swarms.

Robust scheduling of a pulp and paper mill considering flexibility provision from steam power generation

The production scheduling and flexibility provision analysis are of great importance for industrial facilities to provide support for the main power grid. This study proposes a comprehensive scheduling model for an industrial pulp and paper (P&P) mill that considers the flexibility provision from steam power generation. In this model, the internal relationships between the production and consumption of electricity, steam, and pulp in the operational processes of the P&P mill are investigated. Meanwhile, the available flexibility of steam power generation is quantified and further enhanced for participation in the manual frequency restoration reserve (MFRR) market. Furthermore, a robust scheduling model that uses support vector clustering (SVC) technology is proposed to assess the impact of uncertainties in steam temperature and pressure on the available flexibility of steam power generation, thereby reducing the probability of failing to provide the contracted flexibility for MFRR. Simulation results demonstrate that the comprehensive scheduling model significantly increases the available flexibility of steam power generation for MFRR, resulting in a daily revenue increase of $1839.8. Moreover, a balance between the revenue obtained from the MFRR market and the probability of economic penalties incurred for failing to meet the contracted flexibility is achieved by comparing different levels of conservatism in the robust scheduling model.

Two-Layer Optimal Scheduling and Economic Analysis of Composite Energy Storage with Thermal Power Deep Regulation Considering Uncertainty of Source and Load

A two-layer scheduling method of energy storage that considers the uncertainty of both source and load is proposed to coordinate thermal power with composite energy storage to participate in the peak regulation of power systems. Firstly, considering the characteristics of thermal power deep peak regulation, a cost model of thermal power deep peak regulation is constructed and fuzzy parameters are used to manage the uncertainty of wind, photovoltaics, and load. Secondly, based on the peaking characteristics and operating costs of composite energy storage, a two-layer optimal scheduling model of energy storage is constructed. The upper layer takes pumped storage as the optimization goal to improve net load fluctuation and the optimal peak load benefit; the lower layer takes the system’s total peak load cost as the optimization goal and obtains a day-before scheduling plan for the energy storage system, using an improved gray wolf algorithm to process it. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy based on an IEEE 39-node system.

Application of flowsheet modeling for scheduling and debottlenecking analysis to support the development and scale-up of a plasma-derived therapeutic protein purification process

Plasma fractionation stands as a pivotal process for the production of therapeutic and diagnostic proteins, such as albumin and immunoglobulin G. Besides these two primary proteins in human plasma, numerous other proteins can be purified for therapeutic purposes. To support process development, a flowsheet modeling-based approach is utilized to improve production efficiency and productivity while minimizing the resource investments. The flowsheet model is first built to represent the baseline drug substance production process at pilot-scale, with operating parameters extrapolated from lab-scale experiments conducted at CSL Behring. To improve operational efficiency and save costs, throughput analysis is applied to enhance the batch throughput through new process design, scheduling, and bottleneck identification. Through implementing the strategies, the batch throughput could be increased by 47.2 % by introducing one additional operator and one buffer preparation tank into the process. Furthermore, after applying a new strategy involving multiple extractions of the initial material (paste), the batch throughput was doubled, with operating cost of goods reduced by 36.1 %. To assess the performance of the modified design and validate the model results, the pilot-scale experiments with two extractions were performed by CSL Behring and compared with model predictions, resulting in good agreement. This work demonstrates the potential of flowsheet modeling in facilitating process development from lab-scale to pilot-scale, fostering cost-effective and efficient production with limited resource investment.

Rotational Thromboelastometry Reduces the Need for Preemptive Transfusion in Cirrhosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial (NCT:05698134)

Backgrounds and AimViscoelastic tests (VET) like Rotational Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) assess global hemostasis in cirrhosis. We aimed to assess whether ROTEM-guided blood product transfusion results in lower blood product requirement in patients with cirrhosis undergoing elective invasive procedures as compared to standard of care (SOC) based on conventional coagulation test (CCT). MethodsIn this open label randomized controlled trial, patients with cirrhosis and abnormal CCT who were undergoing an invasive procedure were randomized to receive blood products either by ROTEM-guidance or SOC. The primary outcome was the difference in blood products (fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or platelets) transfused between the group. The secondary outcome was procedure-related bleeding or complications within 7 days of the procedure. The trial protocol is registered at clinicaltrails.gov; NCT05698134. ResultsFrom August 2021 to January 2023, a total of 40 patients were recruited (ROTEM: (n=20) and SOC (n=20)). The trial was terminated earlier during interim analyses due to compelling benefit in the ROTEM group after a scheduled interim analysis. The ROTEM group required substantially less blood transfusion than the SOC group (40% [8/20] vs 100% [20/20], p<0.001). The benefit was consistent across all types of blood product including fresh frozen plasma (< 0.001) and pooled platelet (p=0.046). No patients experienced clinically significant bleeding events. Transfusion associated adverse events occurred in one patient (5%) in the SOC group (allergic reaction) and none in ROTEM group (p=NS). The mortality in both groups at 30 and 90 days were similar. ConclusionsViscoelastic tests like ROTEM provides global assessment of hemostasis in patients with cirrhosis. Institution of ROTEM based transfusion strategy significantly reduces the need for blood product transfusion in patients with cirrhosis undergoing elective procedure without any increased risk of bleeding events. Clinical Trial NumberNCT05698134

The influence of the organization of the national currency system on the investment climate in Ukraine

The paper examines important aspects of the influence of the organization of the national currency system on the investment climate in Ukraine. The authors consider the functions of the national currency system, including control of international settlements, management of the foreign exchange market, participation in international relations and provision of favorable conditions for economic development. Special attention is paid to the influence of the organization of the currency system on the investment climate through the analysis of various problems, such as corruption, instability of the economic and political situation, lack of guarantees, etc. The paper puts forward recommendations for improving the investment climate in Ukraine, in particular through the improvement of legislation, the fight against corruption, the creation of a competitive business environment and other measures. The analysis of foreign direct investment schedules informs about the dynamics of the investment process in Ukraine and emphasizes the importance of solving problems for attracting new investments. The conclusions of the paper indicate the need for comprehensive measures to improve the investment climate and increase Ukraine's competitiveness on the international market.

An efficient schedulability analysis based on worst-case interference time for real-time systems

An efficient schedulability analysis based on worst-case interference time for real-time systems

Bio-economic analysis of irrigation schedules considering shallow groundwater: lessons from South Africa

Due to the pressure on South Africa’s irrigated agriculture to improve efficiency and optimal water use, irrigators must consider alternative water sources, such as root-accessible shallow groundwater tables, to supply the crop evapotranspiration requirement. Devising irrigation scheduling strategies that will optimize conjunctive water use is difficult because the contribution of shallow groundwater tables is not directly observed and is a function of irrigation management decisions; as a result, very few irrigators use these strategies. This paper aims to evaluate the profitability of using shallow groundwater tables as a source of irrigation water to satisfy crop evapotranspiration requirements. A bio-economic simulation model consisting of the soil–water–atmosphere–plant model and an economic accounting module was developed to calculate the profitability of conjunctive irrigation practices under different states of nature. The bio-economic simulation model was linked to a differential evolutionary algorithm to optimize the irrigation scheduling decisions. The results showed that irrigators could substantially increase profitability and water use efficiency if they consider the shallow groundwater table in their irrigation decision. About 51% of crop evapotranspiration could originate from shallow groundwater tables, reducing the irrigation requirements substantially without impacting crop yields. Sequential adaptive irrigation decision-making does not improve the bio-economic indicators much since using the shallow groundwater table mitigates the risk of undersupplying water. Therefore, conjunctive water use strategies using shallow groundwater tables economically benefit irrigators. However, a complex interplay exists between irrigation adjustments, crop yields and economic performance in different states, emphasizing the careful consideration of context-specific factors in irrigation management decisions.

Health and disability – a multi-group latent class analysis of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 among those with mental and physical health conditions

BackgroundThis study aims to identify disability classes among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, depression, anxiety or diabetes via the WHODAS 2.0; investigate the invariance of disability patterns among the four diagnostic groups; and examine associations between disability classes and sociodemographic variables.MethodsPatients seeking treatment for schizophrenia spectrum disorder, depression, anxiety or diabetes (n=1076) were recruited. Latent class analysis was used to identify disability classes based on WHODAS 2.0 responses. Measurement invariance was tested using multi-group latent class analysis. Associations between classes and sociodemographic variables were tested via multinomial logistic regression.ResultsA five-class solution was identified; examination of model invariance showed that the partially constrained five-class model was most appropriate, suggesting that class structure was consistent while class membership differed across diagnostic groups. Finally, significant associations were found between class membership and ethnicity, education level, and employment status.ConclusionsThe results show the feasibility of using the WHODAS 2.0 to identify and compare different disability classes among people with mental or physical conditions and their sociodemographic correlates. Establishing a typology of different disability profiles will help guide research and treatment plans that tackle not just clinical but also functional aspects of living with either a chronic psychiatric or physical condition.

Enhancing Stability in Autonomous Control Systems Through Fuzzy Gain Scheduling (FGS) and Lyapunov Function Analysis

Enhancing Stability in Autonomous Control Systems Through Fuzzy Gain Scheduling (FGS) and Lyapunov Function Analysis

Control system optimisation of biodiesel-based gas turbine for ship propulsion

&lt;p&gt;Reducing a gas emission of shipping transportations become a main goal of international maritime organization to achieve a clean energy. One of best scenarios to achieve this goal is to shift a fossil fuel to a renewable energy-based fuel of a ship propulsion. This paper studies an optimization of a control system of the renewable-based small gas turbine engine for the ship propulsion. Proposed control system consists of a proportional-integral with engine performance limiters to avoid an engine damage. Proportional-integral gains are tuned by a whale optimization algorithm. A gain scheduling analysis of a step response is performed to obtain a searching area of tuning parameters and values of constant gains. In this step, the gains are modeled as function of plant variables. After the searching area is obtained, the proportional-integral gains are optimized using the whale optimization algorithm while the additional gains are set as constant values. Using this scenario, stable and optimal gains have been successfully achieved. Results show that the proposed method has better performance than that of the previous methods, i.e. gain scheduling and gain scheduling optimized by the whale optimization algorithm. The proposed method has lowest fitness value and does not have an overshoot problem.&lt;/p&gt;