Scar Carcinoma Research Articles

Radial Scar and Tubular Carcinoma

Clinical, mammographic, sonographic and pathologic examinations in 17 patients with nonpalpable stellate lesions showed radio-graphic findings suggestive of radial scars, with the exception of 2 cases which showed a dense central region. These findings were not sufficiently consistent to differentiate radial scar from carcinoma so that wire localization biopsy was necessary. Four patients had 7 radial scars associated with 6 tubular carcinomas, 2 of them having 3 and 2 radial scars with 2 tubular carcinomas, respectively. No characteristic radiographic findings were made in these cases. Four patients showed radial scar with punctate microcalcifications in the surrounding breast parenchyma as part of benign and premalignant conditions. Ultrasonography in 7 patients showed a hypoechoic area on 4 with acoustic shadow similar to that of carcinoma. Our study suggested that radial scar has a relationship with tubular carcinoma and surgical excision of these stellate lesions is, therefore, required.

Differentiation of scar tissue and carcinoma of the breast using MRI with GD-DTPA dynamic enhancement

Differentiation of scar tissue and carcinoma of the breast using MRI with GD-DTPA dynamic enhancement

Trapezius myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of a large scalp defect following the excision of postburn scar carcinoma (Marjolin's ulcer)

The successful use of a trapezius myocutaneous flap to cover a large scalp defect resulting from the excision of a postburn Marjolin's ulcer is described. The exposed dura was covered with a good functional and cosmetic result

Scar Cancer of the Lung

A case of scar carcinoma developing over lung abscess scar is presented. When the lung scars begin to increase in size and the patient does not respond to the treatment which was effective earlier, the possibility of malignant change in the scar tissue should be considered rather than the recurrence of the previous illness.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a sternotomy scar

The case of a 73-year-old man in whom squamous cell carcinoma developed in a median sternotomy scar 12 months after coronary artery bypass grafting is presented. A brief review of the literature is included. The etiology of scar carcinoma is discussed and an outline of management given.

熱傷はん痕癌の統計と興味ある症例

熱傷はん痕癌の統計と興味ある症例

Scar carcinomas of the lung in a histoplasmosis endemic area

Seventeen cases of pulmonary scar carcinomas were found in 112 surgically resected pulmonary carcinomas from 1985 through 1988 in a hospital situated in a histoplasmosis endemic area. These carcinomas can be divided into two types: Type I, mucinous; and Type II, non-mucinous (Clara cell). Each type of carcinoma constitutes a discrete group in reference to gross features, histologic and ultrastructural cell types, and the nature of the scar. The scar in Type I carcinomas appears mostly desmoplastic. The majority of Type II carcinomas appear to have arisen around a preexisting histoplasmosis granuloma which contains yeast organisms on microscopic examination. Pulmonary scar carcinoma is not a single discrete clinicopathologic entity. It appears that peripheral carcinomas of different histogenesis are incorporated in this category.

熱傷はん痕有きょく細胞癌 １症例の報告と本邦報告例の検討

熱傷はん痕有きょく細胞癌 １症例の報告と本邦報告例の検討

Postburn scar carcinoma

A review of 20 patients with postburn scar carcinoma is presented. Eight early cases treated by wide excision and repair by skin grafting have been free of the tumour for the last 5–7 years. Nine patients treated by surgery and three patients who refused surgery and were treated by topical 5-fluorouracil developed metastasis and have since died.

Scar carcinoma arising acutely in a skin graft donor site.

Scar carcinoma is an uncommon but not rare lesion. Although generally appearing after a long latent period, an acute form exits. In this case an acute squamous cell carcinoma appeared in a skin graft donor site at about 6 weeks, and was removed at 12 weeks.

Collagens in scar carcinoma of the lung

Immunohistopathologic and biochemical studies of different collagen types extracted from human scar carcinoma of the lungs have been carried out for definition and evaluation of which types of collagen are involved in the scarring mechanism of such tumors. Tumor homogenates treated with 0.5 M acetic acid and followed by limited proteolysis with pepsin and then by fractional salt precipitation, demonstrated that Type I collagen constitutes the major collagenous component in addition to a significant increase in Type V collagen extracted from human scar carcinoma of the lung. However, when normal membranoalveolar peripheral lung tissues were processed under the same experimental conditions, Type III and IV collagens were relatively higher. Immunohistochemical studies were carried out, and the results confirmed the data above. Furthermore, these studies demonstrated a relative localized increase in Type III collagen in the area surrounding the tumor acini, which suggested that these areas are of active and recent scar formation. This supports the current concept of the scar origin as a desmoplastic reaction of the host tissues toward the neoplastic cell growth.

Squamous carcinoma in scars: clinicopathological correlations.

Twelve cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in scars of the skin are analyzed. Correlation of tumor aggressiveness, tumor differentiation, intensity of small lymphocyte infiltration, and nature of adjacent collagen tissue to tumor stroma was investigated. All tumors were predominantly well differentiated. Nine patients had no metastasis or recurrence after surgical treatment of the primary tumor. Three patients developed widespread metastases and died less than 2 years after operation. The tumors of these latter patients contained areas of pleomorphic and spindle cells and had minimal infiltrates of small lymphocytes. In contrast, the 9 patients who remained free of tumor had moderate infiltrates of small lymphocytes, and in just 1 of 9 was an area of pleomorphic tumor cells found. Prognosis in scar carcinoma, therefore, may be related to tumor differentiation and the degree of host response with small lymphocytes to the tumor, rather than to the universally poor prognosis recorded in the past.

Late malignant transformation of chronic corrosive oesophageal strictures.

The number of patients with scar carcinoma of the oesophagus developing on the basis of a corrosive stricture seems to have been rising in the past two decades. 36 patients of this kind were treated surgically between 1965 and 1984; this is the second largest series in the literature. The patients with scar cancer comprised 7.2% of the overall oesophageal carcinoma cases; this ratio is currently the highest of all in the literature. The interval between the caustic burn and the diagnosis of scar carcinoma was found to be 46.1 years; this is higher than the 30-35 years generally accepted so far. It was 50.9 years in those patients who drank lye before the age of 12, but 14 years less when it happened in adulthood. The long-term survival time proved to be excellent: 45.6% of the resected cases were alive after 5 years and 14.4% after 10 years. The explanation of the good prognosis lies in the fact that carcinoma developing in a lye stricture is at first surrounded by a rigid scar which allows only its intraluminal growth, and it causes early dysphagia through luminal obstruction. Early dissemination is prevented for the same reason. One-stage resection and replacement is suggested in the radically operable cases. In patients with oesophageal corrosive stricture which needs operation, both a by-pass procedure and resection can be adopted, but it should be pointed out that malignancy may develop even years after the operation in the remaining part of the gullet. Total oesophagectomy is therefore suggested instead of bypass.

Lung cancer complicated by silicosis: a clinical and histopathological study.

A clinicopathological analysis was carried out on 16 cases of lung cancer complicated by silicosis, which were diagnosed from April 1975 to March 1983, and the results were discussed with a review of the literature. All of the patients were male, and a smoking habit with a Brinkman index of more than 500 was found in 14 of them (87.5%). Twelve cases (75.0%) had advanced tumors of clinical stages III and IV, suggesting that the early detection of lung cancer complicated by silicosis is difficult. Tumors were uniformly found in all lobes of the lung. Histological types were mainly epidermoid or undifferentiated carcinoma, with very few adenocarcinomas. Carcinogens from smoking seemed to be responsible for the carcinogenesis. Two cases were thought to be scar carcinomas.

熱傷はんこんを発生母地とした上しんがんの１例

The developmet of squemous cell carcinoma in an old burn scar (burn scar carcinoma) of upper lip is reported.Various causes of burn scar carcinoma arc discussed and the immunological factor that reported a burn scar is immunologically privileged site is considered important.The status of cell-mediated immunity is examined in this case using lymphocyte blastoid transformation (blastogenesis) by PHA and Con-A.General immunosuppression was also seen and it tended to be elevated by PSK administration.The finding of general immunosuppression indused by large old burn scar is considered one of the factor of burn scar carcinoma.

Pulmonary scar carcinoma. A clinicopathologic analysis.

To delineate differences between scar and non-scar pulmonary carcinoma, the charts, autopsy protocols and chest roentgenograms of 80 male patients (autopsied) between 1975 and 1980, were reviewed. Nineteen patients (24%) had documented scar carcinomas. The comparison revealed scar carcinomas to possess certain distinctive features: A higher histologic distribution of adenocarcinoma (58% versus 15% in non-scars) and the frequent presentation (53%) with only nonpulmonary symptoms and signs related to metastasis. In scar carcinomas both bronchoscopy and sputum cytology were ineffective as initial diagnostic tools since chest findings were absent or minimal. Chest x-ray was negative in 9 of the 19 patients with scar cancer and remained negative until death in seven. In 10 of 19 instances, pulmonary scar carcinomas presented with only nonpulmonary symptoms and showed a tendency to metastasize while clinically undetectable. The differences noted between scar and non-scar carcinomas of the lung appear to depend on the peripheral location of these tumors and not on the adenocarcinoma histology.

Treatment of sequelae of burns on the trunk

The management of burn scars of the trunk is discussed, in respect of the specific problems related to different areas such as the axilla, thorax and back, the female breast and the perineum as well as the external genitalia. Special emphasis is placed on the different aspects of burn sequelae of the female breast with regard to pre- and postpuberty age. The prevention and therapy of the burn scar carcinoma are dealt with.

Prognosis of pulmonary scar carcinoma

Eighty-one patients with resectable primary peripheral lung carcinomas were studied to determine the effect of associated scarring on prognosis. Twelve tumors (15%) originated from bronchi. 24 (30%) were associated with scars, and 45 (55%) were not associated with either bronchus or scar (non-scar). Scar carcinomas differed significantly in cell type from bronchogenic and non-scar tumors in that 21 (88%) scar carcinomas were either adenocarcinomas or bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (p less than 0.001). Origin (bronchogenic, scar, non-scar) independent of cell type and tumor stage did not significantly influence survival. Stage of disease independent of cell type or origin affected survival (p less than 0.0001), as did cell type independent of tumor stage or origin (p less than 0.0001). Stage I disease and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma were associated with longer survival, while Stage II or III disease, small cell anaplastic carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma were associated with reduced survival. We conclude that associated scar influences cell type of peripheral lung carcinoma but does not influence patient survival, even among patients with similar cell type and stage of disease.

Malignant: Scar carcinoma: prognosis and treatment

Malignant: Scar carcinoma: prognosis and treatment

The Pleural Tail Sign

The pleural tail sign is widely thought to indicate malignancy. However, of 18 patients with the tail sign, 9 had benign disease. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor, but adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon were also found. The location of nodules and the radiographic characteristics of the pleural tails did not help differentiate benign from malignant lesions. However, nodules 2 cm or larger were malignant while those 1 cm or smaller were benign. Histologically, pleural tails reflected thickened, fibrotic connective tissue septae with indrawing of the visceral pleura. Their occurrence with neoplasm reflects desmoplastic reaction or scar carcinoma.