Scale Field Tests Research Articles

Developing Physics Learning Tools of Blended Learning Using Schoology with Problem-Based Learning Model

This study is a development of research that aimed to (1) produce Physics learning tools based on blended learning that are suitable to be used in learning, and (2) determine the quality of learning tools that had been developed. This study used a 4D model, consisting of the defining, designing, developing and disseminating. The learning tools that had been developed consisted of Syllabus, Lesson Plan (RPP), Student Worksheet (LKPD), Handouts, and Learning Media of Web Schoology. The results of the development of learning tools established were included in the “excellent category” based on qualitative and quantitative assessments from expert lecturers, Physics teachers and peers with an average score of around 95 – 98. In addition, the testing of learning tools was carried out to 33 students that showed an average score of students’ response of 77.51, which was included in a “good category”, used in the learning process of large – scale field tests. Furthermore, each phase of the implementation of the lesson plan was categorized very well for each meeting with the achievement of the score of observations of around 80% - 100%.

Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android Mata Pelajaran Desain Grafis Kelas X

This study aims to develop android-based learning media on the subjects of grafic design class X. The research method used is research development with stages of designing, production, evaluation, and analyzing data by percentage. Based on different stages the trial was being done to experts: media experts (78,30) , the design (78), and the matter (80). So the percentage of overall value on the validation experts have eligibility criteria good. To scale individuals (80), small group (80,05) and field test (80,5). So the total value of the average percentage on of respondents with criteria good.

DEVELOPMENT OF SEX EDUCATION BOOKS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

The purpose of this study was to develop sex education books that have valid, feasible, and effective criteria used to convey sex education. The book development model uses the Borg and Gall development model, namely information gathering, planning, development of initial product drafts, expert testing, small scale testing, field testing, and dissemination and implementation. Based on the test of media, material, and psychologist experts, it was concluded that the sex education book fulfilled valid criteria. Then in the small-scale test it was concluded that the sex education book could be accepted and changed the way students view sex education. Sex education books can be used in field- scale tests with more populations.

Small-Scale Drilling Test Rig For Investigation of Axial Excitation On The Drilling Process

This paper describes the design, construction and operation of a small-scale drilling rig for the purpose of investigation of the effect of axial excitation on the drilling process. The rig is bench top in size and has been designed to drill small rock samples, whilst at the same allowing axial excitation to be induced into the drilling process. The rig has been designed to drill the rock without any drilling fluids – so allowing improved observation of the chip generation process. Additionally, the drilling weight on bit is applied via masses, so allowing greater representation of the dynamic behavior of the drilling process – i.e. capturing more natural frequencies. The results from the rig have been obtained over two frequency ranges – low frequency (0-50 Hz) and high frequency (50-250 Hz). Results show that improved rate of penetration is obtained with axial excitation – with low and high frequency optima occurring. These optima can be related to the behavior of the string in the two frequency ranges – in the low frequency range, the entire string acts in unison; whereas at high frequency, only the bit/rock system is active. As a result, it is concluded that for low frequency operation, only information about the drill string is required to optimize performance; whereas for high frequency operation, information about the bit/rock system is required to optimize performance. Observation of the chip generation process via high speed video has shown that during axial excitation, regular shaped bricks are ejected when compared with the typical wedge- shaped chips that are normally ejected during the drilling process. It is concluded that, during the axial excitation process, the chips are being ejected via a levering action, so allowing a more efficient and quicker process. MIT [1] provided background classes, project guidance and project review as part of an NOV/MIT advanced technology program. Larger scale lab tests and/or field tests are required to verify/validate these conclusions.

The Manchester Cough in Lung Cancer Scale: The Development and Preliminary Validation of a New Assessment Tool

ContextCough is a common distressing symptom in lung cancer patients. Its assessment is hampered by the lack of a validated scale to measure the complex cough experience in this population. ObjectivesTo describe the development and preliminary validation of a scale to measure cough in lung cancer patients. MethodsIn the first phase, collection of qualitative data from patient interviews, a review of literature, and identification of noncancer cough scales resulted in the development of a pool of 30 items. This item pool was tested for appropriateness of content and breadth of coverage with 18 patients with lung cancer and 25 health care professionals. The second phase was the operationalization/phrasing of items. The final phase was the scale's field testing with 139 patients, 49 of whom repeated the assessment after one week. ResultsThe first phase led to the deletion of several items and the addition of four, resulting in a final scale for field testing of 21 items. In the field testing, the scale was decreased to 10 items, eliminating items on psychometric grounds. The final scale's Cronbach alpha (internal consistency) was 0.86, item to total correlations ranged from 0.40 to 0.76, and test-retest reliability was high (intraclass correlation=0.83). ConclusionWe have developed a promising tool to assess cough in lung cancer, but this needs validation, and future studies should determine whether this is a sensitive and responsive tool. A fully validated tool can be used in the clinical assessment of cough in cancer patients, and as a unidimensional impact scale in the measurement of cough as an outcome in intervention studies.

Ice Adhesion to Locks and Dams: Past Work; Future Directions?

Adhesion of ice to surfaces creates problems for many industries, including aviation, hydropower, telecommunications, navigation, electrical distri- bution, and all forms of transportation. Specific problems at locks and dams include ice buildup on lock walls and miter gates, and spillway gate freeze up, preventing opening on short notice. At present, ice removal techniques are both costly and time-consuming. In an effort to reduce the cost, time, and physical labor associated with ice removal, much research on ice adhesion has been done. This work ranges from theoretical studies to microscopic investigations and full- scale field tests. The main focus of all of these studies is how to lower ice's adhesive strength, thus easing ice removal. Three principal methods to lower ice's adhesive strength have been pursued—electrical, chemical, and mechanical. Of the three methods, the mechanical removal of ice has received the least amount of attention. Three approaches have been taken with regard to electrical methods. They are using heaters, creating an electrical pulse that mechanically breaks the ice, and applying a direct current bias to change the ice's adhesion. The search for a low adhesive coating or material has by far received the most attention of any method pursued for lowering ice's adhesive strength. A class of chemicals con- taining polysiloxanes has shown promise in providing a low adhesion surface. Based on this review, we recommend that an electroexpulsion method developed for the space shuttle and a newly formulated polysiloxane be tested as to their feasibility in the lock and dam environment.

Uplift Capacity of Rock Anchor Groups

The uplift capacity of rock anchor groups was examined by full- scale field tests in different rock formations. The results are analyzed and the different modes of failure are discussed in view of the test results with emphasis on the rock pull-up failure mechanism. Important design parameters are summarized for the convenient use of the engineer in the design of transmission tower foundations anchored in bedrock.

EVALUATION OF ALFALFA FOR RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL WILT IN FIELD AND GREENHOUSE TESTS

This paper describes the application of improved methods to large scale field and greenhouse tests of alfalfa for resistance to bacterial wilt, Corynebncterium insidiasum (McCull.) Jeoson. In field tests rooted cuttings or seedlings were inoculated by the bare-root soak method when planted in the field in May and by hypodermic injection of each root in the fall. In the following spring or fall the plants were cut off below ground with a special blade, pulled and individually evaluated for wilt resistance. In the greenhouse the root-ball soak method of inoculation was used and readings of seedlings were made after 3 months.Greenhouse tests were as reliable as those obtained in the field, and were particularly useful for rapid screening of large populations. Field tests proved desirable for simultaneous studies on wilt resistance, growth habit, winter hardiness, and other qualities, and for final evaluation of potential variety material.