SBR Latex Research Articles

Synergistic Effects of Magnesium Oxide and SBR Latex Additives on Cement Sheath Stability in Oil Well Operations.

Leaks through cement sheaths remain a complex and challenging issue in the oil industry, representing a persistent obstacle that has endured for decades. The drying shrinkage, an inherent characteristic of Portland cement, substantially exacerbates this problem, driving the formation of microcracks and heightened permeability under variable stress conditions. In this context, additives emerge as significant elements in addressing this issue, offering a pathway to mitigate the adverse effects of leaks. Among these additives, magnesium oxide (MgO) stands out for its ability to reduce drying shrinkage through structural modifications in the cement matrix. Simultaneously, SBR Latex, another important additive, acts to minimize gas migration due to its polymeric microstructure while also strengthening acid resistance and enhancing microstructural cohesion. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the interaction between MgO and SBR Latex additives in cement slurries, employing an experimental design to substantiate and expand upon the analyses conducted. The results reveal a synergistic integration of these additives, with MgO acting as an effective agent in reducing drying shrinkage and gel formation, thereby contributing to the strengthening of shear strength. Conversely, SBR Latex provides elasticity to the slurry, although with a slight compromise in compressive strength, with a relatively limited effect on shear strength. The strategic combination of these additives results in improvements in the mechanical integrity of cement slurries, a positive advancement in the context of petroleum well cementing operations. Thus, this study not only highlights the individual properties of MgO and SBR Latex but also offers valuable perspectives for the careful formulation of cements, with potential applications in challenging operational environments in the oil industry.

The Improvement in the Floor Impact Noise with Changes in the Glass Transition Temperature of an SBR Latex Mortar

The Improvement in the Floor Impact Noise with Changes in the Glass Transition Temperature of an SBR Latex Mortar

Enhancing Strength and Impact Resistance of Latex Rubberized Concrete through Steel Fiber Incorporation

Rubberized concrete, which incorporates crumb rubber, offers improved impact resistance, toughness, and ductility compared to regular concrete. However, its strength is typically lower due to weak interfacial transition zones (ITZ) between the crumb rubber and hardened cement paste. This study aims to investigate the potential of steel fiber and SBR Latex in compensating for the strength reduction caused by the inclusion of crumb rubber. Specifically, the research focuses on the effect of incorporating steel fiber into latex rubberized concrete (LRC) on compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and impact resistance. To determine the optimal mix proportion, trial mixes of LRC and Latex-based rubberized concrete with 15 kg/m3 steel fiber (LRC-15% SF) were tested for their compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance. The selected mix proportion had achieved a minimum of 55 Mpa of 28-day characteristic strength. Experimental results indicated that the inclusion of steel fiber led to improved strength properties in LRC. The optimal LRC-15% SF mixture, with a water-to-cement (w/c) ratio of 0.28, outperformed the control mix (w/c ratio of 0.28) by 3.18%, 10.70%, and 17.94% in compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths, respectively, at 56 days. Additionally, the LRC-15% SF exhibited higher impact resistance, showing a 46.27% and 14.71% increase in the 400 mm and 200 mm span length impact tests, respectively, at 56 days. By incorporating steel fiber into latex rubberized concrete, this research demonstrates the potential to enhance the strength properties and impact resistance of the material. These findings contribute to the development of more durable and resilient rubberized concrete formulations, highlighting their potential for various construction applications.

Repair of Pier Bridge Model Post-Earthquake

This study concentrates on the bridge pier model which was damaged by the earthquake and repaired using grouting and carbon wrapping materials. This research consists of a one pier bridge model with two steps of testing, namely step 1 in the form of a cyclic test of the pier bridge model which will be followed by step 2 in the form of structural repairs with grouting and carbon wrapping materials and retesting. to evaluate the performance of the structural repair technology used. This research will show the cyclic test results using the repair material applied to the same sbr latex concrete material test object. The test object used is a pier bridge model with dimensions of 0.25×0.25×1.68 meters. The material specifications used are concrete f'c 30, fy 400 MPa deformed longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups fy 240 MPa. The test was carried out with a constant axial load of 0.2.f'c.Ag and a cyclic lateral load. Structural performance analysis was carried out according to ACI 374.1-05. Step 1 cyclic test was carried out until the drift ratio was 3.5%. The lateral peak strength achieved was 8.606 tonf with indications of shear damage indicated by the number of cracks in the web area. The second step of the cyclic test was carried out to a drift ratio of 6.25% with a lateral peak strength of 8.640 tonf with indications of flexural damage. Cyclic test results show that repair with a grouting material and carbon wrap can restore peak strength, deformation capacity, and stiffness degradation.

Experimental assessment of mechanical and physical performance of latex modified concrete with fine recycled aggregate

One of the most crucial building materials is concrete. However, producing concrete consumes a significant amount of natural resources. Attention has been focused on using concrete debris and recycling it in the building industry to solve this issue. This study investigates latex-modified concrete's physical and mechanical performance when replacing fine natural aggregates (FNA) with different percentages of fine recycled aggregates (FRA). The study includes conducting laboratory tests to investigate the workability, slump loss, compaction factor, compressive strength, ultrasound pulse velocity, absorption, and porosity. When replacing fine natural aggregates (FNA) with different percentages of fine recycled aggregates (FRA), it was found that there is an inverse relationship between the slump, compressive strength, compaction factor, and the percentage of RFA. The existence of SBR latex in concrete to form polymer modified concrete led to a higher decrease in workability compared to unmodified concrete. The absorbability increases as the proportion of fine natural aggregates are replaced by recycled fine aggregates, possibly due to the higher porosity of recycled fine aggregates. The same conclusion can be generalized to the results of the porosity test. However, adding the polymer improves the absorption resistance and reduces the porosity when replacing the fine natural aggregate with the fine recycled aggregate. Additionally, the outcomes demonstrated that SBR latex compensates for the compressive strength loss caused by recycled fine aggregates.

Improving mechanical/colorimetric properties of self-compacting mortar using an intensively colored-nanoparticle containing polymeric paste

Colored self-compacting mortars (C-SCMs) are important decorative materials for construction and building industries. It has been found that using inorganic/organic pigments for coloring the SCMs causes considerable decrement in the mechanical and aesthetic properties. In the last decade, latex modified C-SCMs were developed that showed improved color properties with lower effects on the mechanical properties. In present work, high performance-water based colored pastes were prepared using SBR latex (as binder), phthalocyanine blue (as organic pigment at 1.5 and 3 wt%) and CaCO3 nanoparticles (as reinforcement). The pre-fabricated pastes were added to a SCM mix design as coloring agent. The prepared samples were evaluated for colorimetric (i.e. L*, C* and H*) and mechanical (i.e. compressive and flexural) properties. For comparison, the organic pigment (at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 wt%) and SBR latex (at 5 wt%) were also used to prepare latex modified C-SCM samples. The results showed that addition of 3 wt% of CaCO3 nanoparticles to the pre-fabricated colored paste caused improvement in the flexural strengths (by 28%) and flexural toughness (by 86%) of the prepared mortars compared to the latex modified C-SCM. Despite of using an organic pigment, the colorimetric properties (i.e. color difference and uniformity) and the pigment saturation point (by 100%) of the prepared C-SCMs were also improved using the nano-based coloring pastes.

Effects of Styrene Butadiene rubber on the properties of Normal Concrete

This work titled “examining the effects of Styrene butadiene rubber latex on properties of normal concrete” is aimed at exploring the potential in the use of SBR latex in concrete to investigate how different properties of concrete can be improved. Styrene Butadiene Rubber Latex with brand name “Top Shield” was added by virtue of volume of cement in the concrete mix in percentages of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. A total of 135 samples consisting of 45 pieces of 150mm*150mm*150mm cubes, 45 samples 100*100*500mm beams and 45 pieces of 200mm*10mm diameter cyl-inders were cast. A concrete mix design using ACI was used targeting a strength of 25N/mm2 and a mix ratio of 1:2.4:2.6 was used at a constant water cement ratio of 0.44 adopted. Samples were cured for 3, 7, 28 days. Samples were tested to investigate different properties of concrete test through slump, compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity and scanning electron microscopy tests were conducted on the samples. Regression analysis of result was conducted using excel multiple regression tool and mathematical formulae were developed to help field workers and researchers forecast the degree of certain properties of interest and to determine how each variable affect the end result. Results showed positive improvement in all properties tested for. Preliminary quality control tests were carried out on the respective ingredients of concrete to determine their suitability with reference to ASTM Standard. The study recommended that further research should consider the use of a higher percentage of SBR latex to find the optimum compressive and tensile properties of the concrete.

Combined Effect of Latex and Crumb Rubber on Mechanical Properties of Concrete for Railway Application

Crumb rubber incorporation is widely deemed to deteriorate the compressive strength of concrete. One of the dominant reasons for this strength reduction is known as the inferior bonding or weak interfacial transition zones (ITZ) between the crumb rubber and hardened cement paste. While Styrene-butadiene (SBR)latex is being used as a bonding agent in concrete manufacturing, the SBR latex usage holds the potential to compensate for the strength reduction from crumb rubber incorporation. This study focuses on evaluating the sole and combined effect of crumb rubber and SBR latex on the compressive strength, one optimum combination of latex modified rubberised mix (LMCRC) that had achieved 55.5 MPa of 28 days’characteristic strength was chosen to compare its impact resistance and stress-strain response to a plain concrete (PC) with similar characteristic strength. Experimental results showed both crumb rubber and SBR latex incorporation induced a compressive strength reduction in the concrete. The optimum latex modified rubberised mix with w/c of 0.32, crumb rubber replacement of 20kg/m3, and 3% latex additives had outperformed the control mix with w/c ratio of 0.38 by 66.7% and 293% in the 400mm span impact test and 200mm span impact test, respectively. Besides, the latex modified rubberised mix showed higher Poisson’s ratio, and higher compressive strain which indicates more ductile behaviour as compared to the plain concrete.

Study on the performance of environmental micro-surfacing for exhaust purification

In order to endow pavement materials with environmental protection properties such as automobile exhaust purification, an environmentally friendly micro-surfacing material with exhaust purification was prepared. Functional materials with photocatalytic activity were prepared by sol-gel method. The best preparation scheme of composite modified asphalt was determined by comparative test. The mix proportion of micro-surfacing mixture was designed to determine the optimal preparation process of micro-surfacing. Based on rutting test, wet wheel wear test and pendulum test, the road performance of protective environmental micro-surfacing with exhaust purification function is studied. An exhaust gas purification test equipment is improved to determine the test method and analyze the exhaust gas purification performance of protective environmental micro-surfacing materials. The results showed that when the molecular weight ratio of Ti : N : Fe was 1 : 0.7 : 0.005, the photocatalytic performance of the prepared environmental functional material with tail gas purification effect was the best. The availability of photocatalytic materials is increased, and the photocatalytic performance is the optimum. When 3% functional materials and 5% SBR latex are used as composite modifier of emulsified asphalt, the consistency, cracking resistance and high temperature performance of composite modified emulsified asphalt are the optimum. The micro-surfacing mixture prepared with 7% oil-stone ratio and 6%–7% external water has good high temperature stability, water stability and skid resistance. When the molecular weight ratio of Ti : N : Fe is 1 : 0.7 : 0.005, the HC purification efficiency reaches 12%, the CO purification efficiency reaches 15%, and the NOX purification efficiency reaches 30%, which has good road performance and exhaust purification effect.

Mechanical Properties of Latex Modified Nylon Fibre Reinforced Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement by Flyash

Nylon fibers are used as strengthening material to increase the mechanical properties of concrete.In thisstudy mechanical properties of concrete containing latex modified nylon fiber reinforced concrete wasassessed with fractional substitution of cement by flyash for M40 grade concrete at 7 days, 14 days and 28days of curing. The dosage of fibres used in this study was 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.15% of volume fraction.Cement was replaced with fly ash at a percentage of 10%, 15%, 20% by weight. SBR latex was varied at arate of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% to the total cementitious content in concrete. Cube, cylinder and prism specimensare tested to determine the compressive, split tensile and flexural strength at 7 days and 28 days curing.Results shows that Nylon fiber reinforced concrete with 0.15% of fiber, 0.05% SBR Latex with 10% hashigher influence on flexural strength, split tensile strength and compressive strength of concrete.

Research on ink blot evaluation of aged paper before and after restoration

Abstract To evaluate the changes in the ink on paper subject to accelerated degradation before and after restoration treatment, an evaluation index describing changes to ink on paper documents before and after deacidification and enhancement by combining subjective and objective evaluations was established to improve the evaluation of the effect of deacidification and enhancement agent on the restoration of paper from the perspective of the ink thereon. According to the test indicators, test and control standard boards were designed and the paper for accelerated degradation was produced. In the experiment, 0.4 mol/L sodium carbonate solution, 6wt% styrene butadiene latex (SBR latex), sodium silicate, and polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin (PAE) compound solution was applied to the accelerated degradation paper samples, respectively. After treatment, the quality indices such as color density, color difference, handwriting contrast and handwriting line width were measured. And observers were organized to make subjective evaluation on the accelerated degradation samples before and after the treatment. The results showed that the color density of magenta ink sample decreased by 10.61 % and the edges were blurred. The contrast and line width of handwriting after the treatment were decreased slightly. After treatment with 6 wt% SBR latex, the ink density of black increased the most (by 31.62 %) with no clear change in the handwriting contrast and line width. When using sodium silicate and PAE compound solution, the comprehensive effect on the text was much better. The results of subjective evaluation were consistent with the changes of objective indices.

Evaluation of Polymer Modified Mortar and Bonding Agent for Structural Repair

olymer modified mortar is found to be suitable for structural repair and strengthening of damage structural elements. Conventional mortar is not preferred in repair of concrete since it has inferior mechanical property and durability performance. Polymer based mortar is an alternative to conventional mortar with enhanced mechanical properties. However, there are limited specifications and guidelines available for specifying PMM mixes for structural repair work. The research work aims to evaluate the mechanical performance of polymer based mortar with varying concentration of styrene butadiene rubber latex at laboratory scale. Another aspect in repair of corrosion damage structures is the bond between the substrate concrete and repair mortar. In order to study the effectiveness of bonding agents, the performance evaluation of bonding agents has been evaluated using slant shear test and pull-off test as per ASTM C 882 and EN 1542 respectively. Findings of study indicates that at 8-10 percent concentration of dry polymer solid by cement mass in polymer based mortar is the optimum dosage. Styrene-butadiene rubber based polymer mortar showed improvement in flow in comparison to normal mortar however, mixes with crushed sand shows decrease in flow which is due to presence of more fines. Slant shear and pull-off test method shows epoxy bonding agent give better bond strength as compared to SBR latex.

Effects of lead time and manufacturing methods applied for polymer-modified bitumen emulsion (PMBE) on microsurfacing performance

The modified microsurfacing mix design procedure for polymer-modified bitumen emulsion (PMBE) is introduced in this study under the influence of emulsifiers, lead time and through application of SBR latex polymer injection techniques, including the co-milling, soap pre-batching and post-blending procedures. The bitumen tests have shown that the type of emulsifier and the residence time of the bitumen emulsion in the colloidal mill, as well as the manufacturing process all affect the PMBE properties. Therefore, each type of emulsifier had different properties; especially the co-milling method of diluted bitumen emulsion had the highest performance in terms of physical and rheological tests due to the higher residence time of the bitumen emulsion in the colloidal mill which enhances bitumen properties. According to the results of the microsurfacing tests, the vertical deformation resistance, moisture damage resistance and bleeding potential were improved by 46.55%, 25.7% and 15.2%, respectively, through modifying in the co-milling method.

Enhancing the performance of hyposludge concrete beams using basalt fiber and latex under cyclic loading

An attempt has been made to study the influence of basalt fiber and latex on the behaviour of hypo sludge based concrete beams under cyclic loading. Two sets of four geometrically similar specimens were cast to study the deflection behaviour of beams. The analysis and study of parameters such as ultimate load carrying capacity, crack pattern, energy dissipation, stiffness degradation and ductility were conducted in this investigation. A preliminary investigation showed that the durability properties decreased when hypo sludge was added to concrete. To enhance the durability, SBR latex was added to one set of four specimens. Results indicate that the addition of basalt fibers and latex to the hypo sludge based concrete beams showed significant improvement in ultimate load carrying capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation and ductility compared to the control concrete beams. The specimen (LHSBFC) with 10% hypo sludge, 0.25% Basalt fiber and 10% SBR latex showed an increase of 1.82% load carrying capacity, 2.65% stiffness, 21.84% ductility, 16% energy dissipation when compared to the control concrete beam.

Application of asphalt rubber cape seal as asphalt pavement surface course for rehabilitated trunk highway in east Gansu

Although been frequently used as a preventative maintenance measure for asphalt pavements, the Cape seal process has not been widely adopted as a possible alternative for rehabilitated pavement. This research evaluated the feasibility of applying asphalt rubber Cape seal structure into the surface course of reconstructed highway in west China. The Cape seal is composed of 11-16 mm chips spread over asphalt rubber membrane sprayed in advance, by which followed a micro surfacing layer with SBR latex modified asphalt emulsion. Based on a test section in the Banxiao highway project, the construction of asphalt rubber Cape seal and micro-surfacing were investigated experimentally. In addition, to guide the engineers, major issues during construction of the Cape seal were discussed and corresponding countermeasures were suggested.

Influence of silica fume, metakaolin & SBR latex on strength and durability performance of pervious concrete

This study evaluates the performance of pervious concrete subjected to rapid freeze–thaw (F-T) cycling, calcium leaching and the combined attack of calcium leaching and F-T cycling. Silica fume, metakaolin and SBR polymer emulsion were incorporated at different levels into pervious concrete mixes to improve strength and durability performances. The results indicated that the addition of 5% fine sand and proper compaction had a positive influence on improving the resistance of pervious concrete to F-T cycling. The increase of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) from 5% to 10% significantly improved the resistance to rapid F-T cycling and to the combined attack of calcium leaching and F-T cycling. The optimum content of SCMs was 10% based on the mechanical and durability performance of pervious concrete with acceptable permeability. Calcium leaching in 6 M NH4NO3 solution combined with F-T cycling induced severe surface deterioration and internal damage compared to individual attacks of F-T cycling or leaching. Compared with control and polymer-modified mixes, pervious concrete incorporated SCMs possessed better resistance of calcium leaching and frost. The morphological changes caused by calcium leaching exhibits the decreased volume fraction of solid phases in a cement matrix and consequently increased the porosity, which ultimately degraded strength and durability performance of pervious concrete.

Effect of cohesive and adhesive parameters on the moisture resistance of thin friction course (TFC) with varying mix design parameters

Thin friction course (TFC), one typical pavement surface treatments (PSTs), is mixed with modified asphalt emulsion, fine aggregate, and cement. Moisture-induced damage is one of the main distresses usually occurring in TFC. To mitigate potential moisture damage, varying TFCs with different combinations of emulsion, SBR latex, and cement dosages were investigated by the wet track abrasion test (WTAT). Then, the adhesive strength and cohesive stiffness of corresponding residue emulsion-cement mastics were estimated based on the binder bond strength (BBS) test and the strain sweep test, respectively. The results indicated that the increased emulsion, SBR latex, and cement dosages are beneficial to the moisture resistance of TFC. The pull-off strength of BBS test shows poor correlation with the aggregate losses and the failure type is cohesion by observation, which means the adhesion strength of the residue mastic-aggregate bond is higher than the cohesive strength based on the limited data. Furthermore, based on the strain sweep test, it was found that the cohesive parameters, including the maximum shear stress and the complex modulus at the strain level of 7% could perfectly correlate with the average aggregate loss with a correlation coefficient of 0.8841 and 0.8678, respectively. Therefore, both SBR and cement modification could enhance the cohesive stiffness of the cement-binder mastics and then improve the moisture resistance of the TFC.

Investigation and Evaluation of the Emulsified Asphalt with Waterborne Epoxy Resin

Compared with SBR latex, waterborne epoxy resin has obvious advantages. The cured epoxy resin emulsified asphalt material has stronger mechanical properties, but it is less used in asphalt modification applications. Aiming at this problem, this paper uses waterborne epoxy resin as the modified material of emulsified asphalt, and carries out performance characterization and road performance evaluation of waterborne epoxy resin modified emulsified asphalt and its mixture under different dosages. Fluorescence microscopic analysis of waterborne epoxy asphalt with a content of 8wt%, 15wt%, 30wt%, and 50wt%, respectively, shows that the resin content should not exceed 30wt% to ensure the performance of asphalt. The bonding properties of SBR modified emulsified asphalt and waterborne epoxy resin modified emulsified asphalt with different dosages at 20 °C and 60 °C were analyzed. The results show that the tensile strength and oblique shear of waterborne epoxy modified emulsified asphalt. The strength is higher than SBR modified emulsified asphalt, and its high temperature resistance is better than SBR modified emulsified asphalt material. The road performance analysis was carried out on the mixture prepared by the aqueous epoxy modified emulsified asphalt with the content of 0wt%, 8wt%, 15wt% and 30wt% respectively. The results show that with the increase of waterborne epoxy content, the Marshall stability, splitting strength and high temperature rutting resistance of the mixture increase more obviously. The freeze-thaw splitting strength of the waterborne epoxy resin mixture is 13% higher than that of the pure emulsified asphalt mixture, and the splitting strength is also significantly improved. Due to the high stiffness of the waterborne epoxy resin after curing, the maximum bending strain of the mixture is reduced, and the recommended dosage is not more than 30% by weight. On the whole, the introduction of waterborne epoxy resin could greatly improve the strength and road performance of the asphalt, and could be used as a proper road repair material.

Flexural Strength and Toughness Behaviour of Polymer Concrete with Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate by M-Sand

The development segment for a structure solid assumes a significant job everywhere throughout the world the solid ought to have high compressive and flexural quality. Presently a day accessibility of regular assets is diminished due to the ecological issues are government limited sand quarries are supremacist in shortage and expands cost. So we need to move for the fake fine total in this paper rather than stream sand to assembling sand in incomplete supplant with SBR (polymer) in high quality on concrete different cement blends were assessed for compressive quality and Flexural quality. The common stream sand was mostly supplanted with m-sand by 0%, 25%, half and included the different rates of SBR latex (0,3,6,9,12) was likewise improving the usefulness concrete. The outcome shows that the there is a step by step expanded in the compressive quality and Flexural quality for this situation half substitution of m-sand and furthermore included the level of SBR increment the functionality However, further increases of m-sand caused a decrease in the quality. The ideal rate substitution of normal sand of m-sand is half and upgraded substance of polymer 9 % is gotten. Diagrams were drawn and results contrasted and controlled blend.

The role of interface in gas barrier properties of styrene butadiene rubber-reduced graphene oxide composites

The important role of interfacial effects, compared to the tortuosity effect, in permeation of nitrogen gas through styrene butadiene rubber-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites is presented by varying in-situ reduction of GO particles in SBR latex. Particles were initially synthesized, chemically reduced, and characterized as guidelines for the in-situ reduction in the latex compounding method. The latex mixing method provided a mean to minimize the difference in the state of dispersion and intercalation of particles in the samples, as revealed by field-emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. However, in-situ chemical reduction of GO in the latex offered a simple method to manipulate the filler-rubber interfacial behavior in the composites, as revealed by the differential scanning calorimeter and bound rubber. Gas barrier performance of the samples showed that interfacial effects are as important as tortuosity effects and need to be considered seriously in rubber composites. Shortcomings of analytical models, exclusively based on the tortuous path, was discussed. A significant improvement of 92% in the permeability of nitrogen by 4 phr loading of rGO60 (reduced at 60 °C) was achieved.