Savings Of Rp Research Articles

OPTIMASI BIAYA DISTRIBUSI MATERIAL BATAKO DENGAN METODE NORTH WEST CORNER DAN STEPPING STONE PADA PERUMAHAN DI KOTA AMBON

In construction projects, distribution costs for material procurement support the design process of a projects and are also very influential and determine project planning. It is also necessary to utilize costs as optimally as possible to anticipate losses to the company due to the problem of distributing material from the supply to the projects location. In a project, materials needed in large quantities cannot always be met by just one material source. Because of this, several material sources are needed to meet the needed to meet the needs of a project, for this reason this research was carried out using two transportaastion methods, North West Corner fot initial solution and Stepping Stone for the optimum solution. With the aim of calculating material distribution costs to find optimal prices from galunggung, suli banda, and passo to housing demand locations in Ambon City, namely kusu-kusu, suli and upper halong. From the results of the above topic, it can be concluded that optimizing the distribution costs of brick material to housing in Ambon City using th initial North West Corner method obtained a distribution cost of Rp. 349,200.000 and using and advanced method, namely Stepping Stone which has been optimized, resulting in a cost of Rp. 274,655,000 this results in savings of Rp. 74,545.000.Keywords:Cost Optimasion, Housing, Material Distribution, North Westh Corner, Stepping Stone,

Efisiensi Perolehan Pendapatan Antara Beban Yang Dikeluarkan Dengan Pendapatan Terhadap Keuntungan Usaha Menggunakan Metode Target Costing (Studi Pada Usaha Kuliner Jajanan Najla Di Purwakarta)

The magnitude of profit obtained is highly dependent on production cost efficiency, thus requiring special attention to achieve the company's target. Cost control must align with the company's objectives, including achieving maximum profit with minimal production costs. This study aims to analyze the relationship between expenses, income, and business profits in UMKM Jajanan Nazla, as well as identify key factors influencing the efficiency of revenue generation and expense expenditure. Based on the analysis of production costs, UMKM Jajanan Nazla faces a deficit in net profit due to the inability to cover production costs. Therefore, this research applies the target costing method to improve its profitability. The steps of implementing target costing involve determining market prices, calculating target profits, and identifying target production costs. By implementing value engineering, such as reducing packaging costs, labor costs, and even eliminating rental costs, UMKM successfully reduces production costs to meet the set target cost. As a result, production costs decreased from Rp. 7,880,000 to Rp. 5,240,000 per month, resulting in savings of Rp. 2,640,000. Thus, the initially deficit net profit increased to Rp. 1,510,000 per month after the application of target costing. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the target costing method is effective in improving the production cost efficiency of UMKM Jajanan Nazla, helping them strengthen their position in the competitive market.

Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Serbuk Warna dengan Pendekatan Periodic Review Joint Replenishment untuk Sistem Persediaan Stokastik di PT XYZ

PT XYZ is a manufacturing company engaged in the manufacture of extruded aluminum profile products. The problem experienced by PT XYZ is that the company often orders several types of color powder raw materials separately even though they come from the same supplier. This causes more frequent orders to be made. The company also sometimes experiences shortages and excess stock of color powder raw materials which can cause swelling of the company's inven-tory costs. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal inventory control of color pow-der raw materials to minimize the company's total inventory costs. This research was conducted using a probabilistic model approach with the periodic review joint replenishment method. This method is carried out with a periodic review (p) model, ordering raw materials will be carried out in combination every certain time interval. The calculation results obtained the minimum total inventory cost is with the Periodic Review Joint Replenishment method of Rp 19.519.552.589,- compared to the company method of Rp 19.670.799.095,-. Thus, a savings of Rp 151.246.506 is obtained, or a savings percentage of 0.8%. Forecasting for the period November 2023 - October 2024, the value of the order time interval is obtained every 15 working days with the inven-tory level of each raw material is for white powder of 22.336 kg, brown powder of 12.413 kg, black powder of 8.290 kg, and milk white powder of 1.882 kg with a total inventory cost of color powder raw materials of Rp 19.559.415.435.

IMPROVING THE OPTIMIZATION OF DATE DISTRIBUTION THROUGH COST EFFICIENCY USING THE TRANSPORTATION METHOD APPROACH: CASE STUDY AT PT. XYZ

PT. XYZ faces several challenges in optimizing the distribution of dates, especially in terms of costs and delivery allocation. In the efficiency of the cost of distribution of dates, companies need to reduce operational costs associated with distribution activities. The research objective to be achieved is to analyze the minimum cost of distributing dates at PT. XYZ with the approach of transportation methods. The transportation methods used in this study are Vogel's Approximation Method, Least Cost, North-West Corner, and Stepping Stones. Vogel's Approximation Method, Least Cost, and North-West Corner are used to find the initial solution. While the Stepping Stones method is used to find the final solution. Data processing is carried out using Cbom-Atozmath and POM-QM to obtain fast, detailed, and accurate results. Data processing using the VAM (Vogel's Approximation Method) method results in a total date distribution cost of IDR 171,983,5100.00. Data processing using the NWC (North-West Corner) method resulted in a total date distribution cost of IDR 171,983,5100.00. Data processing using the LC (Least Cost) method resulted in a total date distribution cost of IDR 1,719,835,100.00. The results of calculations using the Cbom-Atozmath and POM-QM software also show the same results. The use of transportation methods to streamline the cost of distributing dates to the Company resulted in savings of Rp. 69,224,000.00. The total cost of distribution of dates by PT. XYZ before efficiency using the transportation method was Rp. 1,789,059,100. The total cost of distribution of dates by PT. XYZ after efficiency using the transportation method was Rp. 1,719,835,100.00

Application of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Method in Soybean Raw Material Inventory Control at the Haji Maman Tofu Factory in Matraman District, East Jakarta

This research is based on the lack of implementation of a method in controlling the inventory of soybean raw materials at Haji Maman’s Tofu Factory in the Matraman District of East Jakarta. Haji Maman’s Tofu Factory stil relies on daily records and sometimes uses estimates or assumption in its operational activities. In the procurement of raw materials, there is often an excess due to the lack of precise calculations regarding the ordering needs of raw materials, resulting in accumulation in the warehouse. In this study, the researcher utilized the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method, which determines the optimal quantity of raw material orders for each purchase, the optimal purchase frequency, and establishes the Re-Order Point. The approach and type of research used is a quantitative research method with a descriptive research approach. The objective of this study is to examine the implementation of the EOQ method in controlling the inventory of soybean raw materials at Haji Maman’s Tofu Factory in the Matraman District of East Jakarta. Data Collection was conducted through observation and interviews with Mr. Haji Maman, the owner. The data analysis technique employed was the EOQ method, taking into account purchase frequency, Re-Order Point, and Total Inventory Cost (TIC). The results of this study indicate that the optimal average frequency of raw material orders is 17 times per year. The total inventory cont using Haji Maman’s Tofu Factory policy amounts to Rp. 9,709,261, while using the EOQ method it amounts to Rp. 7,492,129, resulting in savings of Rp. 2,217,132 for Haji Maman’s Tofu Factory. The Re-Order Point is determined to be 216 kilograms.

Mengoptimalkan Penghematan Pajak Penghasilan Pada Perusahaan Daerah Canda Bhirawa

This research aims to determine the analysis of Article 23 Income Tax on rental services in optimizing tax savings. The analysis method is by calculating Article 23 Income Tax using the Gross-Up Method and comparing the amount of corporate income tax before and after the gross-up method. This is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach to analyze, explain, and conclude the analysis of Article 23 Income Tax on rental services as an effort to optimize tax savings in the Canda Bhirawa Regional Company, Kediri Regency. The data collection techniques in this study were documentation and interviews about the financial data of the Canda Bhirawa Regional Company. The results of this study show that gross-up calculations of Article 23 Income Tax were applied to fertilizer transportation services, resulting in an increase in the rental expenses for fertilizer transportation vehicles of Rp49,484,694. This increase will affect the amount of taxable profit for the company and successfully save the company's income tax by using the gross-up method for rental services of fertilizer transportation vehicles, with savings of Rp. 10,886,632.65. This difference was obtained from the calculation of corporate income tax which initially amounted to Rp235,565,197 but became Rp224,678,564 after applying the gross-up method. Based on the above explanation, it is known that the use of Article 23 Income Tax Gross-Up Method can optimize the tax burden of companies.

Analysis of EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) as a Basis for Controlling Multi Item Raw Materials at Laatunsa Bakery Tasikmalaya

The goals of this study were to analyze the most cost-effective requirements for the primary raw materials based on the requirements of Laatunsa Bakery for the 2020–2021 period, due to the excessive frequency of raw material acquisitions, the inventory procedure results in a high cost expenditure; to examine the total cost of the primary raw material inventory that must be paid by Laatunsa Bakery for the 2020–2021 period, to analyse the frequency of purchases that are necessary; to analyze the quantity of safety stock (safety stock); to analyze the timing of reordering (reorder point), and to analyze the Laatunsa Bakery's primary raw material inventory control utilizing the EOQ method. Data gathering was place between November 2021 and February 2022. All information pertaining to the acquisition of the primary raw material inventory required for production, as well as the associated expenses of raw material inventory was utilized. This study adopted Economic Order Quantity as the analytical technique approach.
 The study's findings utilizing the EOQ approach revealed that the inventory of raw wheat cost Rp. 585,581.45, a savings of Rp. 2,613,934.94. Additionally, saving Rp 2,559,472.21 on sugar raw materials costing Rp 585,582.23 is possible. Additionally, the cost of the raw ingredient for butter is Rp. 585,582.23, saving Rp. 2,559,472.21. Additionally, the cost of the raw material for eggs is Rp 952,399.69, saving Rp 3,355,584.19. Additionally, the developer can save IDR 1,132,400.99 on the IDR 590,582.81 in raw materials.When compared to conventional method, the EOQ method can reduce inventory costs and optimize the need for raw materials. The EOQ approach is utilized using Microsoft Excel for the calculation.

Studi Analisis Susut Energi Listrik Non Teknis dengan Cara Optimalisasi Peremajaan KWH Meter Pascabayar 1 Phasa di PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Painan

Loss is the amount of energy lost in the process of distributing electrical energy from the substation to consumers. PT PLN (Persero) ULP Painan losses in the second trimester of 2022 are cumulative with a total value of 3,627,350 kWh. Meanwhile, non-technical losses contributed a total kWh with a value of 841,032 kWh. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the replacement of kWh meters to reduce non-technical losses by forming an independent replacement team and implementing a routine kWh meter replacement schedule, evaluating Subscription Data that Needs Attention (DLPD) to get Work Orders (WO) that are right on target, establishing communication. both with internal parties (Outsourced Personnel) to obtain accurate WO and implement the SOP for replacing kWh meters in the field. After efforts to optimize kWh replacement, the total loss for the third semester of 2022 was 273,096 kWh, a decrease of 567,936 kWh from the second trimester of 2022. If converted into Rp. 818,324,136 for the second trimester of 2022 while for the third trimester of 2022 Rp. 265,722,408 and savings of Rp. 552,601,728.00. The reduction in non-technical losses above was contributed by the achievement of kWh meter replacement of 49,140 kWh. Saving rupiah obtained from obtaining a kWh meter replacement of Rp. 47,813,220.00, therefore efforts to reduce non-technical losses by optimizing kWh meter replacement can be said to help reduce non-technical losses

ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU TANDAN BUAH SEGAR (TBS) DENGAN METODE SIMULASI MONTE CARLO

The development of palm oil production is quite rapid in Indonesia. The method used to estimate inventory costs in this study is the Monte Carlo Simulation method. Monte Carlo simulation is used in structuring optimal raw material policies. The purpose of this research is to predict and optimize raw material inventory costs for the future. The results of the total cost of raw material inventory by Monte Carlo Simulation Calculations are smaller than the total cost of inventory by company calculations. The total cost of preparation using Monte Carlo Simulation Calculations is Rp. 16,873,743,694. Meanwhile, the total calculation preparation costs obtained by the company amounted to Rp. 17,207,020,022, and savings of Rp. 333,276,328

Network Planning Analysis Using CPM and PERT Methods on Optimization of Time and Cost

The shipbuilding industry is the most important industry to support sea transportation in the context of maritime development. As a company engaged in shipping, the function of the shipyard is as a place for shipbuilding, ship repair, and ship maintenance. One of the activities carried out by PT. DNC as a shipyard company is to repair TK Aek Sigala-gala. Ship repair is a process of repairing or replacing ship materials that cannot be used to avoid risks that occur in the sea when the ship sails. In the implementation of project activities, the company must understand the right network so that there are no problems scheduling, planning and controlling project activities. This study aims to solve the problems faced by the company, is the delay in completion time. The data used is secondary data related to the sequence and relationship of activities, execution time, and cost budget plan (RAB). This study uses CPM and PERT methods to determine the optimal turn around time using critical path and probability concepts. The results of the CPM and PERT methods are activities on the critical path with an optimal duration of 98 days. The crashing method is to reduce the duration to 72 days with savings of Rp. 16,351,708. if the project implementer does not crash, the penalty that must be paid is Rp. 3,072,963,905.

Penerapan Perencanaan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 21 Sebagai Upaya Penghematan Pajak Penghasilan Badan PT Z

Objective – to find out the relationship between Article 21 Income Tax planning and Corporate Income Tax savings. Design/methodology/approach – the type of research is descriptive qualitative. Findings - planning the calculation of Income Tax (PPh) Article 21 by comparing 3 different methods where it turns out that the gross up method is quite influential on the savings of PT Z's Corporate Income Tax so that there is a savings of Rp. 24.199.674 Limitations/implications – this Article 21 Income Tax plan only takes into account the tax object on the gross income of permanent employees and excluded other Article 21 Income Tax objects

ANALISIS PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU PT HAKAASTON MENGGUNAKAN METODE CONTINOUS REVIEW SYSTEM

Inventory control is a guarantee that the material to be used in the process must always be available at the minimum possible cost. PT HAKAASTON Sei Langsat is engaged in manufacturing asphalt concrete with asphalt and river stone which has not optimal inventory management, which is characterized by a shortage of raw materials when carrying out the production process and resulting in delays in fulfilling consumer demand. With this problem, a research on raw material inventory was conducted using the continuous review system method which aims to control raw material inventory better and optimally. After conducting analysis and calculations using a continuous review system, the optimal number of orders for asphalt is 44,037 Kg and river stone is 23,259 Kg, asphalt reorder point value is 22,665 Kg and river stone is 1,317,611 Kg, asphalt safety stock is 12,048 Kg and stone times, which is 719,394 Kg, while the total cost of inventory using the continuous review system method is Rp. 4,297,432,432, which is smaller than the total cost based on company policy, which is Rp. 5,408,267,366, and savings of Rp. 1,110,834,934 or 21%.

Feasibility Study of Performance Low Capacity Hybrid Energy Power Plant System in Remote Area

<p>The fossil energy utilization for electricity<br />generation is currently starting to be limited because it is predicted<br />that the availability of fossil energy for the next few decades will<br />run out. Renewable energy is an alternative energy that can be<br />used to generate electricity. Solar power plant is one of the<br />electrical energy generators with renewable energy sources that<br />have been widely used. Solar power plant is a Distributed<br />Generator that can be applied directly to consumers and it is very<br />suitable for use in remote areas which currently still use diesel as<br />a fuel for power generation. In this research, the design of a hybrid<br />power generation system between Soalr Energy and Wind will be<br />carried out to replace the use of diesel as a source of electricity<br />generation. After the generator design is done, then the<br />performance test of the hybrid system will be carried out in order<br />to see the feasibility of the design that has been made. From the<br />test results, the results of the Hybrid Energy Generator have<br />efficiencies ranging from 10-12% where this shows that the power<br />plant system is still said to be unable to work efficiently. The<br />average amount of energy produced from this Hybrid PLT system<br />is 1,304 kWh per day. Based on the results of the economic<br />feasibility analysis, that the use of the hybrid system is able to<br />produce savings of Rp. 1,700 – Rp. 2,100/kWh per day</p>

Policy Making in Optimizing Inventory Control with Continous and Periodic Review Method at PT. XYZ

PT. XYZ is a company enganged in the garment sector that produces office uniforms, polo t-shirts and t-shirts with the highest demand for polo t-shirt products from lacos 20S Black cloth. Based on company data and the results of interviews with informants, it found that companies often eperience stockout and overstock of supplies of lacos 20S black cloth due to fluctuating demand. This study to control inventory by comparing the company method with the method of Continuous Review (s,S) System, (S,Q) System and Periodic Review (R,s,S) System, (R,S) System to obtain minimum total cost of inventory. Based on the calculation using the company method, the total cost of inventory is Rp 643.487.400 and the minimum total cost of inventory using the Continuous Review (s,Q) System method is Rp 635.880.585 with savings of Rp 7.606.815 and the percentage of cost reduction is 1,18%. The forecasting needs for April 2021 to March 2022 using the Continuous Review (s,Q) System method, the order quantity is 378 Kg and the reorder point is 133 Kg with a total inventory cost is Rp 767.415.089.

Application Of The Value Engineering Concept On Building Construction Projects In Malinau Regency In Facing The Covid-19 Pandemic

This study uses data in the form of planning and implementation data for the construction of the Malinau District Arts Building. Data development is carried out by conducting Value Engineering analysis starting from the project information collection stage, followed by function analysis using the Law of Pareto. The method used to analyze the function is F.A.S.T diagram (Function Analysis System Technique) and Cost to Worth. Followed by the creativity stage to come up with new alternative designs that can minimize project costs. The selected design will be evaluated at the evaluation stage, then the development stage will be carried out to obtain cost savings on the type of work that has been analyzed by VE in detail. From the data analysis at the planning stage, the savings reached Rp. 642,220,790, while in the construction phase, savings of Rp. 491,286,382, in 80% of the jobs with the highest cost items.

Application Of The Value Engineering Concept On Building Construction Projects In Malinau Regency In Facing The Covid-19 Pandemic

This study uses data in the form of planning and implementation data for the construction of the Malinau District Arts Building. Data development is carried out by conducting Value Engineering analysis starting from the project information collection stage, followed by function analysis using the Law of Pareto. The method used to analyze the function is F.A.S.T diagram (Function Analysis System Technique) and Cost to Worth. Followed by the creativity stage to come up with new alternative designs that can minimize project costs. The selected design will be evaluated at the evaluation stage, then the development stage will be carried out to obtain cost savings on the type of work that has been analyzed by VE in detail. From the data analysis at the planning stage, the savings reached Rp. 642,220,790, while in the construction phase, savings of Rp. 491,286,382, in 80% of the jobs with the highest cost items.

Disain Smart Electricity Penghematan pada Peralatan Listrik Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonic

Waste of electricity is a problem that often occurs accidentally, especially in household electricity, especially on electrical equipment that is routinely used but forgets to turn it off if there are no users around electrical equipment such as fans, air conditioners, TVs and others. Saving electrical energy is an action to reduce the amount of electrical energy use. This study aims to create a control device for saving electricity consumption. Saving electricity consumption does not mean not using electrical energy for something that is not useful, however, energy savings can be achieved by using energy efficiently where the same benefits are obtained by using less energy. This study uses a design method or is designed to be smart electricity using sensors. ultrasonic with arduino uno, where this tool controls daily use in case of forgetting so that no energy is wasted (waste of electricity) or more practical in controlling electrical equipment. Based on the results of tool testing and data analysis carried out, it was concluded that the working system of this tool succeeded in controlling the use of electronic equipment by detecting the presence of an object / human with the help of an ultrasonic sensor with a horizontal area range. The Radio Frequency Identification sensor is an additional sensor to help the Ultrasonic sensor improve to detect in a wider range of vertical areas by scanning the card. The total cost of the entire expenditure for 1 month is Rp. 203,365 using a smart electricity design tool as a means of saving and the use of electricity based on ultrasonic sensors using Arduino Uno and Rp. 418,175 without tools results in a difference in savings of Rp. 214.810,-

Re-Design Layout and Allocation of Raw Material Warehouses Using Simulation Methods to Minimize the Handling Cost from Port to Warehouses

The high cost of raw materials handling from the port to the warehouses at PT. Petrokimia Gresik has encouraged this research to find solutions to reduce costs in raw material unloading activities. The location of factories and raw material warehouses that are separated from each other, the number of warehouses that are not yet connected with conveyor belts as well as the diverse types of raw materials become its own challenges in operating unloading activities to be more efficient. The layout and allocation of raw materials in the existing warehouses creates high cost of raw materials handling because slow moving raw materials are close to the production location, while fast moving raw materials are far from the production location. In addition, the differences in the existing unloading methods also affect the cost of raw materials unloading, the use of vessel cranes and dump trucks will increase costs, otherwise the use of conveyor belts will minimize the cost of raw materials handling. This research is important to find the layout and allocation of raw materials that have the most efficient handling costs. The steps in this study include (1) data collecting and processing; (2) making conceptual and simulation models, (3) verification and validation tests; (4) developing alternative scenarios; (5) running simulations based on alternative scenarios; (6) comparing scenarios using anova test and cost and benefit analysis. The simulation is done using Arena 14.0 software. The simulation results show that the re-design layout and allocation of 5 warehouses in Factory 2A and Factory 2B is the best alternative scenario. This scenario is proven to be able to minimize the cost of raw materials handling with savings of Rp. 10.958.028.455 per year with an ROI of 108% and a Payback Period of 0,48 years.

Analisis Efisiensi Penggunaan Teknologi Aspal Daur Ulang Pada Jalan Tol Elevated Ir. Wiyoto Wiyono

The use of recycling technologies to the principles of green roads should get priority. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) has not been used properly is a problem in this study. Hotmix Recycling is a recycling technique that can be applied to road pavement rehabilitation and maintenance. The research was conducted to determine the cost-efficiency of recycled asphalt. The method used in this research is to analyze the unit price of conventional asphalt maintenance and to analyze the unit price of recycled asphalt in order to find out how much efficiency is obtained of asphalt pavement recycled. The results showed that the cost of conventional asphalt is Rp.1,160,000 per ton and the price of recycled asphalt is Rp.915,000 per ton, there is a savings of Rp. 245,000 per ton, The use of recycled asphalt technology in the periodic asphalt of the Ir. Wiyoto Wiyono toll roads can save operational and maintenance costs of Rp. 3,013,500,000.00

Optimalisasi Biaya Dan Waktu Terhadap Perencanaan Jalan Dengan Menggunakan Metode Bina Marga 1987 Dengan Berbagai Tebal Indek Perkerasan (Studi Kasus : Pada Ruas Jalan Puruk Cahu - Km 50 - Batas Kota Muara Teweh Kabupaten Barito Utara)

Pavement planning is good, because in this way the pavement construction is able to carry the load of vehicles passing on it and spread the load to the layers beneath it, including the subgrade, without causing significant damage to the road construction itself. The purpose of this study is to obtain the most efficient alternative pavement thickness index and to obtain the required cost and time. The results showed that the Pavement Thickness Index (ITP) using the Bina Marga Method = 7.48 and the 1993 AASHTO Method = 10.20 had a difference of 2.72. The difference in Pavement Thickness Index (ITP) resulted in the addition of pavement thickness using the 1993 AASHTO Method. The economical Pavement Thickness Index (ITP) was the ITP Bina Marga Method with a construction cost of Rp 12.7 billion, with savings of Rp 3.8 billion. By determining the pavement thickness at the same base layer = 20 cm, it is found that the type of material is Aggregate Class B, CBR is 80% cheaper than cement + CTRB with savings of Rp 913,991,544, - ~ 1 billion. The time required in implementing the Bina Marga Method is more efficient than the 1993 AASHTO Method with a savings of 44 days, this is due to cement work + CTRB = 15 + 29 = 44 days. While Aggregate Class B, CBR 80% only takes 22 days, thus saving 22 is also due to the larger ITP of the 1993 AASHTO Method so that it requires additional thickness of the base layer under Aggregate Class C, CBR 30% of 22 cm thus increasing the duration of the implementation time by 24 days