Saturation Type Research Articles

The Relationship Between Work Motivation and Work Engagement in BBPPKS Banjarmasin Employees

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between work motivation and work engagement in employees of the Banjarmasin Social Welfare Education and Training Center. The research method used is quantitative method with correlational type. The population and sample were 27 people. Sampling using non-probability sampling technique with saturated sampling type. The data collection technique in this study used a Likert scale, namely the work motivation scale and work engagement assisted by the SPSS version 26 application. The results of this study indicate that the p value = 0.000 <0.05, so it can be concluded that there is a significant positive relationship between work motivation and work engagement variables. This means that the higher the work motivation, the higher the work engagement of a person.

Determinan Tax Effort pada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how tax effort in South Sumatra Province's regency and city governments is impacted by general allocation funds, special allocation funds, revenue sharing funds, and regional spending. This study is quantitative and uses secondary data from the Supreme Audit Agency's official website (www.bpk.go.id). From 2018 to 2022, 17 regencies and cities in the South Sumatra Province served as the study's population. A non-probability sampling procedure with a saturated sample type was utilized for the sample selection, resulting in a total of 85 samples. The study's findings suggest that regional spending, revenue sharing funds, special allocation funds, and general allocation funds all have a favorable and substantial impact on tax effort.

Study on the Efficiency and Potential of China's Tire Export Trade to Ten ASEAN Countries under the Perspective of “One Belt, One Road”

Tires are an important product category in China's export trade. Based on the stochastic frontier gravity model, this paper uses the panel data of China's tire export trade to the ten ASEAN countries from 2018 to 2022 to study the influencing factors of bilateral trade in tire exports, and to measure China's export trade efficiency, export potential and expandable space to the ten ASEAN countries. Based on these three indicators, we analyze the future prospects of China's tire product exports to the ten ASEAN countries. The results show that: (1) in the stochastic frontier model, GDP per capita, population, border variables and language variables of both sides of trade as natural factors have a significant positive impact on tire export trade. (2) In the trade inefficiency model, liner transportation connectivity, trade freedom and financial freedom of both sides have a significant positive impact on tire export trade. (3) China's overall tire export efficiency and potential to the ten ASEAN countries is high, but the country-specific differences are obvious, and the trade as a whole still has more room for improvement. (4) China's tire export potential market can be divided into saturated, expanding, developing and iceberg type, of which the expanding type includes Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand and Brunei 4 countries, the developing type includes Cambodia, Indonesia and Singapore 3 countries, of which Malaysia and Singapore is the need to pay attention to the overseas market.

Pengaruh Entrepreneurial Competence dan Business Network untuk Meningkatkan Competitive Advantange: Studi pada Pelaku UMKM Kue Kering di Kota Sukabumi

This research was conducted to determine the influence of the entrepreneurial competence variable and the business network variable on the competitive advantage variable in dry cake MSMEs in the city of Sukabumi. The research method used in this research is a descriptive, associative research method using a quantitative approach. The population in this research are Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the culinary sector of the pastry sector spread across several sub-districts in the city of Sukabumi. The population members in this study were 50 members who were registered with the Sukabumi City Diskoperindag (industry and trade cooperative service) for the 2021/2023 period, using a method, namely nonprobability sampling with a saturated sampling type. Using IBM SPSS Version 22 software, as a data analysis technique tool. The results of this research show that all hypotheses are accepted, and it can be interpreted that there is a positive and significant influence between entrepreneurial competence and business networks increasing, so competitive advantage will also increase.

Fenomena Keterkaitan Kecepatan Faktual Kendaraan dengan Tingkat Pelayanan Jalan (Studi Kasus: Jalan Asrikaton, Kabupaten Malang)

Asrikaton street, Pakis, Malang Regency is one of the roads with moderate population density and moderate traffic flow conditions. This road is classified as a secondary arterial road and is a border road with Malang City. This road has a length of 1,200 m and a pavement width of 9 meters, with a road type of two undivided lanes (2/2 UD). This study aims to observe and assess the phenomenon of the relevance between the degree of saturation and various types of light vehicle speeds of a road. The traffic volume is 6436 vehicles/hour with a low side obstacle classification, and the degree of saturation shows that the road conditions are still relatively smooth. The maximum traffic flow volume of 2039.95 smp/h occurred at 06:45-07:45 WIB. with a low side obstacle class (equivalent value 198.7), resulting in a degree of saturation of 0.66. The most significant relevance between degree of saturation and vehicle movement speed is journey speed with the equation y = -1196.9x3 + 2008.6x2 - 1095.1x + 234.37, the coefficient of determination of 0.8867.

Effect of integrated microbial fuel cell in a two-stage vertical flow constructed wetland for piggery wastewater treatment and resource recovery by photobioreactor

ABSTRACT This study developed a nature-based pilot-scale technology for simultaneous piggery WW treatment and resource recovery potential. The technology comprised a two-stage vertical flow constructed wetland (2-VFCW) integrated with a microbial fuel cell (MFC) and microalgal photobioreactor. The first and second stage was an unsaturated and saturated type, respectively. The bioelectricity generation was optimised by investigating the suitable electrode zonation, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and WW loading rate. The 2-VFCW-MFC-treated effluent was studied to grow microalgae for biomass production. The 2-VFCW-MFC showed better treatment efficiency than the 2-VFCW, possibly due to enhanced microbial activity on the electrode surface, leading to improved organic matter degradation and electron transfer to the cathode, enhancing NO3− and PO43− reduction. The 2-VFCW-MFC with electrode zonation of 20 cm (cathode) and 60 cm (anode) and HRT of 76 h, 48 min showed the highest open-circuit voltage of 291.83+13.53 mV and WW treatment efficiency. The highest algal biomass of 21,323.34+8,316.26 mg/L (wet weight) was produced at HRT of 96 h, then entered the death phase. Comparatively, the 2-VFCW-MFC showed higher WW treatment efficiency than 2-VFCW at 2 L/day by 23.24% COD, 27.43% TOC, 33.05% PO43−, 13.51% NO3−, 8.14% TN, except TAN (22.71%).

The Effect of Hydrate Formation Conditions on the Mechanics of Laboratory Methane Hydrate‐Bearing Sediments

AbstractThe mechanics of methane hydrate‐bearing sediments (MHBS) have been broadly investigated over recent years in the context of methane‐gas production or climate‐change effects. Their mechanical investigation has mainly been carried out using models constructed from experimental data obtained for laboratory‐formed MHBS. Along with the dominant effects of hydrate saturation and morphology within the host soil pores, this study recognizes the effective pressure at which the hydrate is formed as a key factor in the MHBS mechanics. A state‐of‐the‐art experimental study has been conducted in order to isolate the effect of the hydrate formation pressure, for use as a model parameter. Two generalized mechanical prediction models that incorporate the effect of the hydrate formation pressure are developed in this work: (a) an analytical shear strength prediction, and (b) an empiric graphical model for predicting volumetric changes along a given stress path. The models are related to a novel data representation which enables the analysis of a few individual test outcomes as a whole, through a volume‐change mapping that describes the complex influence of the volumetric effect of hydrate in MHBS, under combined hydrostatic and deviatoric loading scenarios. In this study, we delve into a specific configuration of hydrate morphology, hydrate saturation, and host soil type, enabling a distinctive fundamental geotechnical investigation and the development of a conceptual modeling approach. The paper describes the approaches by which the MHBS properties can be extracted for other MHBS samples (than those examined in this work) having different host soils and hydrate pore‐space morphologies.

Pengaruh Job Characteristics Terhadap Job satisfaction Melalui Employee Engagement Pada Karyawan PT. Sucofindo Cabang Utama Surabaya

The study discusses the variables of job characteristics, job satisfaction and employee engagement. In this case, job characteristics and employee engagement must be able to run well so that satisfaction in Surabaya main branch sucofindo employees can be consistent and increase. This study aims to test and analyze the effect of Job characteristics on Job satisfaction through Employee engagement in Surabaya main branch sucofindo employees. This research is a causality with a quantitative approach involving all employees of Sucofindo Main Branch Surabaya. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling with a saturated sample type in which all members of the population are sampled with a total of 99 respondents of the main branch of Surabaya sucofindo employees. The statistical analysis used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling SEM with the help of Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) software version 4.1.0.1. by using a sample of 99 respondents. The analysis results obtained in this study indicate that Job Characteristic has a positive and significant effect on Job satisfaction. Job characteristics have a positive and significant effect on employee engagement. Employee engagement has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Employee engagement can mediate the relationship between job characteristics and job satisfaction.

Pengaruh Stres Kerja, Kecemburuan Sosial dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Work Life Balance

This study aims to determine the effect of work stress, social jealousy and work environment on work life balance in employees of PT. Tri Adi Bersama Hub Halim Cargo Transport Division, East Jakarta. Sampling using non-probability sampling technique with saturated sampling type totaling 50 people. Data were collected through questionnaires and analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study showed that work stress had a significant negative effect on work life balance and the work environment had a significant positive effect on work life balance while social jealousy did not have a significant effect on work life balance in employees of PT. Tri Adi Bersama Hub Halim Cargo Transport Division, East Jakarta.

Factors influencing residual air saturation during consecutive imbibition processes in an air-water two-phase fine sandy medium – A laboratory-scale experimental study

The residual air saturation plays a crucial role in modeling hydrological processes of groundwater and the migration and distribution of contaminants in subsurface environments. However, the influence of factors such as media properties, displacement history, and hydrodynamic conditions on the residual air saturation is not consistent across different displacement scenarios. We conducted consecutive drainage-imbibition cycles in sand-packed columns under hydraulic conditions resembling natural subsurface environments, to investigate the impact of wetting flow rate, initial fluid state, and number of imbibition rounds (NIR) on residual air saturation. The results indicate that residual air saturation changes throughout the imbibition process, with variations separated into three distinct stages, namely, unstable residual air saturation (Sgr-u), momentary residual air saturation (Sgr-m), and stable residual air saturation (Sgr). The results also suggest that the transition from Sgr-u to Sgr is driven by changes in hydraulic pressure and gradient; the calculated values followed the following trend: Sgr > Sgr-u > Sgr-m. An increase in capillary number, which ranged from 1.46 × 10−7 to 3.07 × 10−6, increased Sgr-u and Sgr-m in some columns. The increase in Sgr ranged from 0.034 to 0.117 across all the experimental columns; this consistent increase can be explained by water film expansion at the primary wetting front along with a strengthening of the hydraulic gradient during water injection. Both the pre-covered water film on the sand grain surface and a pore-to-throat aspect ratio of up to 4.42 were identified as important factors for the increased residual air saturation observed during the imbibition process. Initial air saturation (Sai) positively influenced all three types of residual air saturation, while initial capillary pressure (Pci) exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect on residual air saturation, as it can partly characterized the initial connectivity of the air phase generated under different drying flow rates. Under identical wetting flow rate conditions, Sgr was higher during the second imbibition than during the first imbibition due to variations in initial fluid state, involving both fluid distribution and the concentration of dissolved air in the pore water. In contrast, NIR did not have an obvious effect on the three types of residual air saturation. This work aims to provide empirical evidences and offer further insights into the capture of non-wetting phases in groundwater environments, as well as to put forward some potential suggestion for future investigations on the retention and migration of contaminants that involves multiphase interface interactions in subsurface environments.

Anion- and water-facilitated oxidative carbon–carbon bond cleavage and diketonate carboxylation in Cu(II) chlorodiketonate complexes

The O2-dependent carbon–carbon (CC) bond cleavage reactions of the mononuclear Cu(II) chlorodiketonate complexes [(6-Ph2TPA)Cu(PhC(O)CClC(O)Ph)]ClO4 (1-ClO4) and [(bpy)Cu(PhC(O)CClC(O)Ph)(ClO4)] (3-ClO4) have been further examined in terms of their anion and water dependence. The bpy-ligated Cu(II) chlorodiketonate complex 3-ClO4 is inherently more reactive with O2 than the 6-Ph2TPA-ligated analog 1-ClO4. Added chloride is needed to facilitate O2 reactivity for 1-ClO4 but not for 3-ClO4 at 25(1) °C. Evaluation of kobs for the reaction of 1-ClO4 with O2 under pseudo first-order conditions as a function of the amount of added chloride ion produced saturation type behavior. The bpy-ligated 3-ClO4 exhibits different behavior, with rate enhancement resulting from both the addition of chloride ion and water. Computational studies indicate that the presence of water lowers the barrier for O2 activation for 3-ClO4 by ∼12 kcal/mol whereas changing the anion from perchlorate to chloride has a smaller effect (lowering of the barrier by ∼3 kcal/mol). Notably, the effect of water for 3-ClO4 is of similar magnitude to the barrier-lowering chloride effect found in the O2 activation pathway for 1-ClO4. Thus, both systems involve lower energy O2 activation pathways available, albeit resulting from different ligand effects. Probing the effect of added benzoate anion, it was found that the chloro substituent in the diketonate moiety of 1-ClO4 and 3-ClO4 will undergo displacement upon treatment of each complex with tetrabutyl ammonium benzoate to give Cu(II) benzoyloxydiketonate complexes (4 and 5). Complexes 4 and 5 exhibit slow O2-dependent CC cleavage in the presence of added chloride ion. These results are discussed in the context of the chemistry identified for various divalent metal chlorodiketonate complexes, which have relevance to catalytic systems and metalloenzymes that mediate O2-dependent CC cleavage within diketonate substrates.

Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Kelas V SD

This research aims to determine the significant influence of the application of the problem based learning model on the creative thinking skills of V grade elementary school students. This research is experimental research using a Nonequivalent Control Group Design research design. Sampling was taken using a non-probability sampling technique, saturated sampling type. The research sample was 30 students, namely 15 students in the experimental group and 15 students in the control group. Data was collected using interviews, observation, tests and documentation. The research results show that the problem based learning model has an effect on students' creative thinking skills. The instrument trials used were validity and reliability tests, while data analysis used normality tests and homogeneity tests. Hypothesis testing using the independent t-test. The calculated significance value is 0.000. Based on the test criteria if the Sig. < 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05), then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is an influence on the application of the problem based learning model on the creative thinking skills of V grade elementary school students.

The Influence Of Intellectual Capital And Innovative Work Behaviour To Business Performance Cigondewah Textil Bandung

This research was conducted on business actors in the Cigondewah Textile Bandung. This study aims to examine the effect of Intellectual Capital and Innovative Work Behavior on Business Performance. The method used in study is to use descriptive analysis. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling which is a saturated sampling type. Data collection techniques used are techniques through interviews, literature, and questionnaires. The analysis used in this study is multiple linear analysis. The results of this study indicate that Intellectual Capital and Innovative Work Behavior on Business Performance have a significant or positive effect on Cigondewah Textile Bandung

Kinetics of ferrihydrite reduction in a biofilm system

Microorganisms can exist in both suspended and attached forms in natural and engineered systems. While extensive research has been performed to investigate the bioreduction kinetics of iron oxides by suspended microorganisms, the kinetics of iron oxide reduction by biofilms has not been well studied. This study investigated the rates of ferrihydrite bioreduction by biofilms of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 with variable concentration ratios of electron donor to acceptor, and different biofilm thickness. Results indicated that the bioreduction rate of ferrihydrite by biofilms increased with increasing biofilm surface area and was faster than that by suspended microorganisms for the same biomass amount, apparently as a result of the biofilm surface area facilitating the direct contact between ferrihydrite and microorganisms for electron transfer. Increasing biofilm thickness decreased bioreduction rate for the same total biomass as a result of the decrease of the ratio of the biofilm surface area to total biomass. The bioreduction rate increased with increasing electron donor and ferrihydrite inputs, consistent with the saturation type of kinetic models. The different rates of ferrihydrite reduction in the biofilm system resulted in different rates of Fe(II) production as a function of electron donor, acceptor, and biofilm surface area, which in turn affected the type and concentrations of the secondary iron minerals, such as lepidocrocite and goethite. A kinetic model was developed that integrates biofilm surface area, and electron donor and acceptor concentrations that well described the measured rates of ferrihydrite bioreduction. The results emphasized the importance of the biofilm surface area in understanding and modeling iron redox biogeochemistry and iron-related biogeochemical processes.

Demonstration and performance analysis of on-beach public toilet with a decentralised modified French vertical flow constructed wetland and ex situ electrochlorination integrated treatment system

Abstract This study demonstrated an on-beach public toilet equipped with a sustainable decentralised treatment system in Goa, India. The number of toilet users, freshwater demand, and wastewater (WW) generated per day were documented. The treatment system consisted of a modified French-type vertical flow constructed wetland (MVFCW) and electrochlorinator. The first and second stage MVFCW were an unsaturated and saturated type, respectively. The onsite beach bore well water with a chloride concentration of 8464 ± 415.18 mg/L was electrolysed for 1 h at 40.49 Am−2. Then MVFCW effluent was disinfected by dosing 2412.50 + 278.61 mg/L of chlorine (Cl2) generated at a disinfectant dilution ratio of 1:300 (Cl2:WW). The average daily toilet users, freshwater usage, and WW generated were 96 ± 17.02, 1381.38 ± 380.35 L, and 1407.98 ± 611.8 L, respectively. The integrated treatment system treated 1,400 L/day. The integrated treatment system achieved an average percentage removal of 93.38 ± 0.38% chemical oxygen demand, 79.18 ± 1.55% NO3−, 98.45 ± 0.22% total ammoniacal nitrogen, 93.13 ± 1.19% PO4−3, 87.28 ± 0.2% total suspended solids, 83.09 ± 1.16% total organic carbon, 80.22 ± 0.87% total carbon, 80.05 ± 0.12% inorganic carbon, and 100% coliform. The power consumption cost was 0.17 INR m−3.

The Effectiveness of Utilizing Song Media in Enhancing Mandarin Language Vocabulary Proficiency Among Students

This study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of using song media in developing students' Chinese vocabulary skills. The design used in this research is quasi experimental with the form of non-equivalent control group design. The population in the study were Kinderfield School East Jakarta students. The sample in this study used all members of the population, totaling 35 students, consisting of 19 experimental class students and 16 control class students. The research approach used is quantitative with a Quasi Experiment design, which involves two groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. Data and data sources in this study include data obtained from interviews, field notes, and tests given to students. Data collection techniques were conducted through documentation, structured interviews, and tests consisting of pre-test and post-test. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling with saturated sampling type. Data analysis techniques were carried out using quantitative experimental techniques, including validity tests, reliability, normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis testing using the Independent Sample Test with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 software. The study showed that students in the experimental class experienced a significant improvement in Chinese speaking skills based on the post-test results, and the mean score of the experimental class was higher than the control class, indicating the effectiveness of the teaching method using song media in improving Chinese language skills at Kinderfield School East Jakarta.

Comparison of Oxygen Saturation Dynamics Between Types of Acute Stroke in Early Hospitalization Period

Introduction. Stroke is the number one cause of death and disability in Indonesia. It was found that the incidents of stroke were higher at ages over 45 years. The use of pulse oximeter is an efficient step in monitoring oxygenation in stroke patients. Decreased oxygen levels can cause neurological deficits such as cognitive impairment, causing patients to have problems in attention and executive functions. This study aims to determine the relationship between the type of acute stroke and oxygen saturation in early hospitalization period. Methods. This research was carried out from November to December 2023 at the National Brain Center Hospital, Jakarta, using a cross sectional approach. Information on diagnosis and oxygen saturation values were obtained through medical records, with a total of 70 patients as subjects. Subjects selected through simple random sampling with patients age over 45 years. Statistical analysis used the Mann Whitney test with a significantly different p value <0.05. Results. A total of 68.6% of the subjects were male with ages of 45-59 dominated the subjects at 51.4%. Statistical tests on the type of acute stroke with oxygen saturation values produced a value of p = 0.044 (p < 0.05) on the 3rd day of hospitalization. These results indicate a significant relationship between the type of acute stroke and the oxygen saturation value on the 3rd day of hospitalization. Conclusion. There is a significant correlation between the type of acute stroke and oxygen saturation in the 3rd day of hospitalization.

Couple-close construction of polycyclic rings from diradicals.

Heteroarenes are ubiquitous motifs in bioactive molecules, conferring favourable physical properties when compared to their arene counterparts1-3. In particular, semisaturated heteroarenes possess attractive solubility properties and a higher fraction of sp3 carbons, which can improve binding affinity and specificity. However, these desirable structures remain rare owing to limitations in current synthetic methods4-6. Indeed, semisaturated heterocycles are laboriously prepared by means of non-modular fit-for-purpose syntheses, which decrease throughput, limit chemical diversity and preclude their inclusion in many hit-to-lead campaigns7-10. Herein, we describe a more intuitive and modular couple-close approach to build semisaturated ring systems from dual radical precursors. This platform merges metallaphotoredox C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-coupling with intramolecular Minisci-type radical cyclization to fuse abundant heteroaryl halides with simple bifunctional feedstocks, which serve as the diradical synthons, to rapidly assemble a variety of spirocyclic, bridged and substituted saturated ring types that would be extremely difficult to make by conventional methods. The broad availability of the requisite feedstock materials allows sampling of regions of underexplored chemical space. Reagent-controlled radical generation leads to a highly regioselective and stereospecific annulation that can be used for the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutical scaffolds, replacing lengthy de novo syntheses.

Interleaved trinuclear MRS for single-session investigation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in human liver at 7T.

The liver plays a central role in metabolic homeostasis, as exemplified by a variety of clinical disorders with hepatic and systemic metabolic disarrays. Of particular interest are the complex interactions between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in highly prevalent conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease. Limited accessibility and the need for invasive procedures challenge direct investigations in humans. Hence, noninvasive dynamic evaluations of glycolytic flux and steady-state assessments of lipid levels and composition are crucial for basic understanding and may open new avenues toward novel therapeutic targets. Here, three different MR spectroscopy (MRS) techniques that have been combined in a single interleaved examination in a 7T MR scanner are evaluated. 1H-MRS and 13C-MRS probe endogenous metabolites, while deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) relies on administration of deuterated tracers, currently 2H-labelled glucose, to map the spatial and temporal evolution of their metabolic fate. All three techniques have been optimized for a robust single-session clinical investigation and applied in a preliminary study of healthy subjects. The use of a triple-channel 1H/2H/13C RF coil enables interleaved examinations with no need for repositioning. Short-echo-time STEAM spectroscopy provides well resolved spectra to quantify lipid content and composition. The relative benefits of using water saturation versus metabolite cycling and types of respiratory synchronization were evaluated. 2H-MR spectroscopic imaging allowed for registration of time- and space-resolved glucose levels following oral ingestion of 2H-glucose, while natural abundance 13C-MRS of glycogen provides a dynamic measure of hepatic glucose storage. For DMI and 13C-MRS, the measurement precision of the method was estimated to be about 0.2 and about 16 mM, respectively, for 5 min scanning periods. Excellent results were shown for the determination of dynamic uptake of glucose with DMI and lipid profiles with 1H-MRS, while the determination of changes in glycogen levels by 13C-MRS is also feasible but somewhat more limited by signal-to-noise ratio.

Do Entrepreneurial Competence and Psychological Well-Being Affect Entrepreneurial Interest among Young Entrepreneurs?

This study aims to determine whether entrepreneurial competence affects entrepreneurial interest among young entrepreneurs and whether psychological well-being affects the entrepreneurial interest of young entrepreneurs in Makassar City universities. This research uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study is Makassar State University students who have a business at a young age. The sampling technique to be used in this study is nonprobability sampling. By taking a saturated sample type, the sample obtained is 30 people. The data collection techniques used were observation, questionnaires, and documentation. Analysis of research data using descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS version 26 program. The results showed that the entrepreneurial competence variable partially had a negative and non-significant effect on the entrepreneurial interest of young entrepreneurs at Makassar State University and the psychological welfare variable partially had a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial interest of young entrepreneurs at Makassar State University. Simultaneously (together) entrepreneurial competence and psychological well-being have a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial interest of young entrepreneurs.