Satellite Towns Research Articles

Tożsamość społeczno-przestrzenna miasta satelitarnego. Przykład Lubonia koło Poznania

Article analyses the case study of Luboń, a town of 30,000 people neighbouring Poznań. It addresses the issue of socio-spatial identity. The concept of the socio-spatial identity of a city is analysed on the basis of traditional conceptualisations but also with reference to a system theory, which makes it possible to look at the functioning of a city from its own perspective (the notion of „autopoiesis”). In addition to an understanding of the system, this curates a historical perspective in the analysis of contemporary urban functioning. The authors of the text ask three research questions: about the sense of connection to the city, about the place of the space of Luboń in the everyday practices of its inhabitants, and the ideas of the city’s inhabitants about themselves (self-image of a Luboń resident). The conclusions from the analysis of the empirical material are aimed at describing the barriers to the articulation of the identity of the city’s inhabitants inherent in the developmental characteristics of satellite towns in a specific social and institutional context. The study is based on a 3-year research project carried out at the Faculty of Sociology of Adam Mickiewicz University with the participation of students, as part of a student internship, in cooperation with a researcher from Poznań University of Economics and Business. The project involved two questionnaire surveys and qualitative research based on secondary data analyses, expert interviews and focus group interviews, and research walks between 2021 and 2022.

Exploring the existing scenario of Padipally Village

Warangal is a satellite town in Hyderabad and is strategically located at 146 kms from Hyderabad. It is one of the oldest settlements from the Kakatiya dynasty and is well known for its natural water storage mechanisms. Warangal is often cited as a gateway to south India due to its connectivity through railways and is known as Tri-City since it comprises of Warangal, Kazipet, and Hanumakonda. The rural zones of these areas have been engulfed by the urban areas. The current study revolves around the new developmental activities that are happening within the peripheries of the urban areas, which are transforming due to the impacts generated in rural livelihoods. The intention of this research paper is to safeguard the agricultural practice in this region and analyze the growing prices of the land, which in turn exerts pressure on infrastructure in the peripheral area. The paper is an attempt to highlight these issues and the challenges faced during the process of transformation. For this study, the data was collected from various secondary resources, which revolve around balancing the infrastructure and the livelihood of the people. The findings highlight the plausible solutions that can be adopted in this region through the participation of various stakeholders with a thrust on sustainable development need to be facilitated.

Satellite Dependency: The Problem of Legitimating Structures for Localized Arts and Cultural Policy

Against a backdrop of growing interest in localized cultural policy, this article explores the example of Oldham, an “overshadowed” town (Pike et al., 2016) situated on the edge of the Northern English city of Manchester (United Kingdom). While urban planning discourse has acknowledged the impact of large cities on neighboring satellite areas, finding that regeneration projects can result in a weak sense of place for [such] secondary towns (Turok, 2009), few have considered the extent to which arts organizations in secondary towns are able to sustain their work and create their own narratives. Drawing from the thought of Pierre Bourdieu and from theories of institutional logics, I adopt a relational approach to exploring the ways in which organizations within the local cultural ecology understand their operating environment. Although cultural policy endeavors to use local arts infrastructure to build local capacity, this case study reveals a situation in which those organizations in satellite towns remain unable to gain the status enjoyed by their metropolitan counterparts. Further, it examples a field that remains highly institutionalized, hierarchical, and increasingly professionalized. Institutional arrangements result in organizations in the satellite-town depending upon its city neighbor for crucial legitimating capitals. Just as stories of class reproduce patterns of inequality, this situation is similarly true for organizations. Organizations are found to be complicit in the production and reproduction of inequalities within the institutional field, with dominant organizations appearing more able to access legitimizing capital than others. Ultimately, I argue that organizations in satellite towns are heavily reliant on symbolic resources supplied by the institutional fields of greater scope in which they are nested. Organizations are required to harness the support of elite individuals and dominant “world-maker” organizations, which lie beyond their immediate local context to secure legitimacy for themselves and their activities. This situation I term “satellite dependency.”

"Prevalence of Acute Sinusitis in Pediatric Age Group in Satellite Town Quetta"

"Prevalence of Acute Sinusitis in Pediatric Age Group in Satellite Town Quetta"

Satelisation and Development of Obala Sub-Division in Cameroon: Lessons to Emergent Satellite Towns in Sub-Saharan Africa

Satelisation and Development of Obala Sub-Division in Cameroon: Lessons to Emergent Satellite Towns in Sub-Saharan Africa

Some contemporary aspects of master planning, design and development for suburban territories of large cities

The article discusses the modern state of affairs in the field of master planning of suburban territories. It is noted, that for the time being such a problem is becoming urgent and actual, due to enormous rise of urban territories, which occupy not only small satellite towns around megapolises, but also the original and traditional suburban areas, and even the countryside territories with small settlements. That’s why a new challenge emerged, which required a high-quality design approach, based on contemporary scientific achievements. A number of recommendations are being given in the article and some conclusions are being made, based on modern practice of urban planning, design and development. The main idea of the article is that urbanization can not be banned and thus it should be scientifically organized and controlled.

Rural Spatial Differentiation and Revitalization Approaches in China: A Case Study of Qingdao City

Rural revitalization, as a major strategy with the goal of realizing the overall development of strong agriculture industries, beautiful rural areas, and rich farmers, is an effective way of alleviating the loss of talent, land, capital, and other elements in rural areas and a possible cure for "rural diseases". However, "rural diseases" faced by villages are very different, and thus exploring suitable strategies for rural revitalization is beneficial to the implementation of rural revitalization strategies and the promotion of urban-rural integration. Based on location theory, this paper constructs a point-axis-domain three-dimensional spatial location theory model that integrates market location, traffic location, and natural location and combines the coupling coordination model to comprehensively study the vitality and development directions of Qingdao's rural areas. Results found that Qingdao's high-level and medium-high-level coupling coordination areas are the main types of coupling coordination, accounting for 45.19% and 47.48%, respectively. Based on the development status of Qingdao, this study explores development directions for rural revitalization poles as well as high-level, medium-high-level, and medium-level coupling coordination areas and suggests the following: rural revitalization poles should play a demonstration role in rural revitalization in terms of industrial development, rural civilization, social governance, public service construction, etc.; high-level coupling coordination areas should focus on building modern hi-tech agriculture and rural marine tourism industries; medium-high-level coupling coordination areas should strengthen the building of satellite towns and promote industrial transformation and upgrading; medium-level coupling coordination areas should actively develop ecological environment conservation models and establish a characteristic mountainous eco-tourism industry. Thus, the findings provide important scientific reference for the implementation of rural revitalization.

SATELLITE CITY DILEMMA IN POST-COLONIAL MOROCCO: A STUDY OF TAMESNA TOWN, A BIG EMPTY RESIDENCE OR A FAILED URBAN SETTLEMENT?

Launched in 2004, Tamesna is part of ‘New Cities / Cities Without Slums Program’. The first satellite city was established to provide affordable housing to low-income residents, and a site for the resettlement of slum residents from urban Rabat, the capital of Morocco. Currently, Tamesna City is far away from meeting the criteria of a satellite city. As a result, the social housing settlement / satellite city of Tamesna as a ‘hope city – space of exceptions and expectations’ in the beginning has become a dormitory – ghost town, a city with no signs of life. This article’s objective is describing the satellite town of Tamesna case in terms of contemporary satellite city and social housing concepts as governmental ‘reterritorialization’ implementations in post-colonial Morocco. Contextually, this article aims to contribute equally to the understanding of the governmental policy implications including international (incomplete) investments (as post-colonial imperialism) to discuss the reasons behind the ‘New Cities’ social housing & satellite city policies including removing the poor from the city to a designed – designated ‘nowhere’ by creating ‘useful / useless’ Morocco once again after colonial time period in the country. The methodology of the paper is based on literature reviews, research on documents obtained from the governmental archive, observations, and interviews with stakeholders, designers, planners and inhabitants.

The Administrative transformation of the Urban Authority and the Emerging Quarantined Rural Satellite Towns (ERSTs) in Urban Authorities. The Case of Dodoma National Capital City, Tanzania

This study explores how the evolutionary changes in urban administrative status from lowest (Town) to highest (City) ranks resulted in the Re-Emergence of Un – Ecological Quarantined Rural Satellite Towns and Rural Operations in Dodoma Tanzanian National Capital City. Under such circumstances, Un – ecological Rural operations and urbanisms become more prevalent in 28 newly emerged Quarantined Rural Satellite Towns in the City locality which enhances the disappearance and reappearance of Un - Ecological urban environment and land use land cover changes, land degradation in the City locality. The empirical evidence for this study was drawn from interviewing 443 respondents in 13 wards and 53 sub wards and through analyzing Landsat satellite images of 1998, 2008, 2018 and 2022 years by GIS. The study findings revealed that Local people are not relocated out of the city but instead urbanite at a rural scale into the City locality. Objectively, Un -Ecological Rural Operations in 28 Rural Satellite Towns in Dodoma City localities have contributed more to the Urban Ecological Environment degradation to a point that built-up land in the period of 24 years from 1998 to 2022 increased by 2221 ha, bare land by 15,737 ha and vegetation declined by 17,958 ha. If Dodoma City persists in the same way up to 2030 without Green Building Concepts and Design, New Urbanism and Ecological Modernization theories interventions it will lose the potential of being a resilient and habitable City. Sustainable development principles are recommended to be utilized in all the major development projects to be carried out in the city advert the situation.

Analysing Ecology as a Tool for Sustainable Planning and Development of Gurgaon, India

All human activities and settlement development draw upon the environment's resources for their sustenance and, in the process, generate a continuing impact on the environment at a comprehensive level. When the impact exceeds the manageable limits and becomes irreversible, the environment can no longer sustain the intense human activity, which leads not only to the degradation of the natural environment but also consequentially affects the functioning of the urban system in social, economic, and physical terms. Planning of self-sustaining environments is possible with the establishment of principles of development in harmony with nature. Tools from the field of applied ecology need to be utilised to establish urban environments. The planning of the urban environment is possible with the application of the ecological method, which involves the determination of selected natural features of the area, their interpretation, and evaluation within a value system. The natural factors of the area to determine suitability for urbanisation with the aim of preservation and efficient utilisation of natural resources have been analysed. The persistency of the carrying capacity of the land based on the constraints has been studied. The paper also attempts to establish the ecologically sustainable planning of the town of Gurgaon in the national capital region of India. Gurgaon is one of the nearest satellite towns of New Delhi, the capital of India. It was envisaged as an area with tremendous potential which could alleviate the pressure on the capital.

Khartoum Structure Plan's Strategies: A Review of Sustainability, Action and Prospects

Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan, is experiencing severe planning problems including the lack of adequate levels of services, infrastructure, public transport, housing problems, environmental degradation and faintness of development controls. Four development plans were previously adopted since 1910, most of which were not adequately implemented as planned due to the absence of government's will, inadequate financial resources, and inadequate and unrealistic programs. A fifth structure plan has been prepared and adopted in 2009 for the next 25 years. The paper discusses the conformity of the plan proposal with sustainable development measures regarding five aspects that relate to the plan solutions viz., the methodology, development strategies, transportation, infrastructure, and development controls in order to avoid the destiny of the former plans that were unsatisfactorily implemented. The paper, applying deductive and comparative research methods, questioned the validity and sustainability of the plan's outcome such as creating nine new satellite towns to accommodate six million people for such an already sprawled city. The paper also highlighted some locational and land use planning problems of urban activities that also question the issue of sustainability.

SITE SUITABILITY ANALYSIS FOR A SATELLITE TOWN OF KHULNA CITY USING GIS: A CASE STUDY

A suitable site for a satellite town must have required criteria’s or involved facilities and attributes that will enable the town to be isolated so that there is no unacceptable lack to the city people it is operating. Criteria for site selection of a satellite town include natural physical characteristics as well as socioeconomic, land-use and ecological factors. Optimum land utilization of human being includes the survivality and sustainable development. Therefore, site suitability of is a prerequisite domain of inquiry, which could facilitate the process of decision making as the suitability of the land for its moist beneficial use. This study is designed to carry out a site suitability analysis for the establishment of a satellite town in Khulna City area. It is also assumed that it is possible to interpret environmental data to determine such suitability based on specific environment and other objectives, standard and design principles. GIS techniques were put into use for virtually all-environmental analysis, are also employed for this work at different stages.

ON THE DECLINE IN STATE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION: A COASEAN ROLE FOR SECTION 111 OF THE AUSTRALIAN CONSTITUTION?

Since Federation,22The Federation of Australia was the culmination of a series of constitutional conventions held in Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide between 1890 and 1898. In the first convention, politicians from New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, and New Zealand affirmed their intention to enter into a political union. Later conventions were attended by elected delegates. New Zealand, however, decided not to continue with the proposed scheme for federation, mainly due to its geographic isolation from the Australian continent. The conventions culminated with the adoption of a draft constitution that was eventually adopted by all six Australian States. It is also worth noting that the first Commonwealth between Australian states came in 1885, with the passing of the Federal Council of Australasia Act 1885 (Imp), 48 & 49 Victoria, c. 60 (U.K.). This confederal union came to an end with the coming into force of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (Imp), 63 & 64 Victoria, c. 12, § 9 (U.K.). The Commonwealth Constitution came into force on 1 January 1901. the ratio of people living outside capital cities to those living within these cities have been declining in all six States. Historically, Australia opted for a regulatory approach that favoured in favouring satellite towns around state capitals, such as Newcastle and the Gold Coast, over the alternative of decentralised regional urban centres, such as Wagga Wagga or Townsville. The latest phase of this planning paradigm envisages integrating these satellites and their capital cities into mega-metropolises. Notwithstanding the benefits from agglomeration, rectifying the observed imbalance assumes an urgency not only through a national security imperative but also through social equity. To analyse the cause of this population decline, I use a theoretical model to explain how sub-national state political accountability distorts incentives when it comes to the provision of public goods. The equilibrium provision is not Pareto optimal given the observed population distribution externality. The inefficient provision of public goods is causing more people to choose to live in the capital city, which in turn creates a vicious circle of worsening population distribution. The model suggests that breaking this circle requires Coasean bargaining so that eliminating the externality is assigned to the Australian jurisdiction that can do so at the lowest cost. Surrender and acceptance agreements under section 111 of the Australian Constitution furnish a modality for the envisaged bargaining to the end of transforming regional Australia into a national jurisdiction. Whether this efficiency can be realised remains a question of transaction costs and income effects flowing from such jurisdictional reassignment.

EXAMINATION OF METRO STATIONS PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY FOR ALL USING OPEN DATA KIT: A CASE STUDY OF NOIDA CITY IN INDIA

Abstract. To make transit rail services more attractive, the preferred public travel mode and serve as the backbone of any metropolitan area, there arises a need to create a sustainable and inclusive urban environment with access to all. This study aims to map the pedestrian permeability and impermeability by categorizing roads and streets around identified transit nodes in Noida as public, private and non-accessible by all. By doing so, the study identifies very distinct and spatial divisions like gated communities and urban villages that have emerged as social ghettos in the planned city Noida and thereby, devoid it of being an inclusive city. Initial metro station smart android-based mobile surveys were done across 12 elevated metro stations falling on the blue transit corridor line connecting Delhi with its satellite town Noida using smart apps namely ODK and Kobo Toolbox with the analysis done in QGIS. It was found that trip distance and time had a strong association with walking while age, gender and purpose of the trip had no association with walking to the metro station. Most transit users living within one-kilometer walking distance prefer to walk to the nearest metro station in Noida. Finally, the study shows the area difference between the perceived and actual Isochrones prepared in QGIS as Ped-sheds after deducing areas such as gated communities, superblocks and unplanned settlements like urban villages where the existing road/street network is not accessible by all or safe to use.

Impact of Ethical Leadership on Employee Turnover Intentions in the Construction Industry

Construction projects are cost-intensive, complex, and challenging ventures that often place employees in a harsh work environment filled with safety hazards. Employees facing such rigid characteristics must also adhere to strict time schedules to complete construction tasks; as a result, construction employees experience high stress that can deplete their psychological resources. Consequently, construction employees develop intentions to quit the organization, commonly known as turnover intentions. This study evaluates the role of ethical leadership in reducing employee turnover intentions in the construction industry. In this study, work exhaustion and psychological contract breach are considered prime antecedents of employee turnover in the construction industry. We collected data from satellite town development projects in Pakistan and performed regression path analysis to assess hypothesized relationships between construction employee turnover intention and its antecedents. The moderating effects of ethical leadership in reducing the impacts of work exhaustion and psychological contract breach were studied. Results revealed that work exhaustion and perceived psychological contract breach positively correlate with construction employee turnover intention; however, ethical leadership significantly reduced the impacts of work exhaustion and psychological contract breach on employee turnover intention. The findings and practical implications of this study can be used to help construction managers act ethically in their managerial duties to retain employees and continue to motivate employees to complete project tasks.

Racial Illiteracies and Whiteness: Exploring Black Mixed-Race Narrations of Race in the Family

Drawing upon fifty-five interviews with Black mixed-race people located in Britain’s second-largest city, Birmingham, and a nearby satellite town, Bromsgrove, this article critically explores how race, identity, and whiteness, are negotiated in mixed-race families. Whilst existing studies tend to centre upon the experiences of white parents raising their children, in this article, we foreground Black mixed-race perspectives of familial practices. Whiteness can often function as an ever-present non-presence in explorations of mixed identities. We utilise concepts such as white fragility, white complicity and the white gaze to make whiteness visible and to address how racial illiteracies can manifest within everyday family settings. In doing so, we suggest that white family members can, on occasion, participate in processes of white domination even in the smallest everyday acts and conversations that deny, avoid, dismiss and, in some cases, even perpetuate racism. By identifying these moments in Black mixed-race lives, we complicate some of the studies that document the racial literacies of white parents and explore how mistakes are made. We suggest that these encounters can create moments of disjuncture in familial settings that are characterised by a complex layer of love, intimacy and racial difference. By bringing these issues to the fore, we centre the emotional labour it can take on the part of Black mixed-race people to make sense of and resist these experiences whilst simultaneously maintaining closeness within familial relationships.

Level of Education in Abuja, Nigeria

Education is one of the most important tools for increasing personal endowments, developing capacities, overcoming limitations, and expanding the set of available possibilities and options for long-term well-being. This study was carried out to compare the level of education of residents of the six area councils of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. A total of 1200 respondents were interviewed in this study. The questionnaire was distributed to 200 respondents in each of the six area councils in the Federal Capital Territory. Data was collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square test at 5% (95% Confidence Interval). Focus communities in the study area were selected at random. The result of the current study showed that the study population had attained varying levels of education with 95.7% either doing their undergraduate degree or had already graduated or had attained the postgraduate level, whereas, 4.3% had not attained any form of formal education. The study showed a significant ((p=0.001) association between gender and education specifically in Bwari and Abaji indicating that males had a higher number of respondents who had attained such levels of education as those reported in the current study. Areas, where this was the case, had more rural locations compared to the city center and most developed satellite towns. Religion also played a role in the level of education attained in the current study.

Impact of land cover transformation on urban heat islands in Harbin, China

At the local and regional climate scale, one of the most studied environmental issues is urban heat island (UHI). UHI is a thermal anomaly caused by temperature differences between urban and rural settings, which adds heat to the atmosphere and makes people feel uncomfortable. This study explores the influence of new land-cover data on UHI simulations using the high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with the single-layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) in the city of Harbin. A comparison was performed between the new Tsinghua University (TU) land cover dataset with the default United States Geological Survey (USGS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land cover datasets. The results of this study revealed that the new TU land cover data had better representation and more realistic land cover changes than the default datasets. The diurnal, seasonal, and long-term nighttime UHIs of air and surface temperatures were higher than the daytime UHIs for both downtown Harbin and the satellite towns. We discovered that coal-burning during winter had a significant influence on UHI in Harbin. Moreover, the results from our buffer revealed a rapid increase in the UHIs of satellite towns, thus revealing the need to focus on the effects of UHI in satellite towns in the future. Therefore, the timely updating of land cover datasets in the WRF model and implementing mitigation strategies will help improve the urban climatic comfort.

Examining commuting disparities across different types of new towns and different income groups: Evidence from Beijing, China

Despite massive new town development in megacities in China, none of the prior studies examined commuting disparities of residents of different income groups living in various types of new towns. Based on established literature on urban structure and commuting and income disparities in commuting, this paper has examined the roles of income and new town types in commuting distance, mode, and time differences. Based on Beijing's new town development context, we categorize its six major new towns into residential, national park-driven industrial, market-based industrial, and satellite new towns. Using descriptive analysis and regressions on 595 new town residents, we find that high-income commuters tend to have longer commuting distances and times and are more likely to drive to workplaces. Those living in the residential new town tend to have longer commuting distances and times. Results also show the transportation resource differences in different types of new towns. Those living in the residential new town are more likely to commute by public transit. Results also show the transportation difficulties for low-income residents who live in satellite towns. Though high-income commuters living in those towns have significantly longer commuting distances, they do not necessarily have longer commuting times than low-income people living in these towns. This study has several implications for future research and policy implications for new town development in China and other transit-dependent cities in Asia and Global South.

A study on creation of new towns and their development in the postwar era: Founding ideas and forms of new towns

In order to decentralize large cities (metropolitan areas) that have population overflows and limitations in physical expansion, the creation of new towns with dependent, independent, or satellite identities is one of the dominant ideas among urban experts and urban planners.New towns are purposefully planned urban communities that have been established since the beginning of the twentieth century to solve the demographic (overcrowding and congestion of large cities) and economic problems of metropolitan areas and countries. New towns are created in rural or undeveloped areas to be self-sufficient and mostly their land is transformed from rural to urban. New towns are constructed within a predetermined period of time generally with government sponsorship.The purpose of this article is to examine the need to create new towns and to identify their developments in the Post-War era (1945 onwards) in different countries with different perspectives and programs.According to the outcomes of this research and a look at the experiences of different countries in the creation of new towns, it can be said that in countries where the need to build and locate new towns has been in line with their comprehensive national and regional policies, also using the support of private and governmental policies (such as preparation, lending, land, etc.) draw the attention of planners for considering the jobs needed and other reasonable needs of immigrants in the new towns. Respectively, such things have led to the success of creating various forms of new towns (independent towns, satellite towns, dependent towns).In contrast, countries that have created new towns, regardless of their cultural and territorial functions, from one hand and the lack of necessary infrastructure, as well as the lack of provision for financing, job opportunities, and other needs in such towns, on the other hand, such countries did not have much success in the formation and expansion of new towns.