Treatment Of SARS-CoV2 Research Articles

SARS-COV2 infection in 30 HIV-infected patients followed-up in a French University Hospital

IntroductionAn acute respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARSCOV2) is spreading from China since January 2020. Surprisingly, few cases of Covid-19 have been reported in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). MethodsHere we present a series of 30 PLWHIV diagnosed for SARS-COV2 infection. The principal outcome was to describe clinical characteristics of this population. ResultsEighteen (60%) patients were men, 10/30 (33,3%) women and 2/30 (6,7%) transgender women. Median age was 53,7 years (range 30–80 years) and 23/30 patients (76,7%) were born in a foreign country (out of France). The most common comorbidities were cardiovascular disease (11/30, 36,7%), hypertension (11/30, 36,7%), diabetes (9/30,30%) obesity (7/30, 23%) and chronic renal disease (5/30, 16,7%). Twenty (66,7%) patients presented overweight. Five patients (16,7%) had a Charlson comorbidity (Quan et al., 2011) score ≥3. Twenty-seven (90%) patients were virologically suppressed.CD4 count was >500cell/mm 3 in 23/30 (76,6%) patients. An antiviral treatment for SARS-COV2 was administered, in addition to HIV treatment, in 5/30 patients (16,3%). Twenty-four patients (80%) recovered from covid-19, 3/30 (10%) required invasive mechanical ventilation, 2/30 (6,7%) patients died and 4/30 (13,3%) patients were still hospitalized. ConclusionsMost of the patients were virologically suppressed with CD4>500 mm3. Risk factors were the same as those described in other SARS-COV2 series, suggesting that HIV infection is probably not an independent risk factor for covid-19.

Exploitation of Some Natural Products for the Prevention and/or Nutritional Treatment of SARS-CoV2 Infection.

Dietary habits strongly influence our health status, mostly in terms of maintenance of the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory homeostasis. High fat and high sugar diets account for the development of a low-grade inflammation, which is the pathogenic common denominator of various chronic diseases. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS)-CoV2 (COVID-19) infection affects all ages and especially frail elderly people and a nutritional intervention seems to be crucial in the course of this pandemic. The present review describes the properties of some vegetal products and their derivatives, such as Lupin sp., garlic, salvia and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) that can be exploited for their beneficial effects, as preventive and/or nutritional treatment of coronavirus disease SARS-CoV2. Lupin, salvia, garlic and EVOO share overlapping properties, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral activities. Quite importantly, these products and their derivatives are able to recover the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme expression 2 on cell membrane, otherwise suppressed by COVID-19 binding and entry into cytoplasm. Dietary administration of the above nutraceuticals or their extracts may play a preventive or nutritional role in the course of SARS-CoV2 infection, even including the effects of the lockdown and the condition of inflamm-ageing.

African-American Population Is More Vulnerable to Sars-CoV2 Infection and IFN-Beta Supplement Can Be An Effective Treatment

COVID-19 is a pandemic and shows its devastating consequences all over the world. IFIH1 is a human host gene that senses coronavirus RNA and triggers interferon production as a first line of defense of the host immune system to fight against virus. The epidemiology of viral infection of IFIH1 polymorphism, rs1990760 (C>T; aaA946T) is well studied and the minor allele T resists viral infection in the population. The frequency of minor allele (Tmaf) varies widely in various populations from African (0.06) to Chinese (0.19) to some Caucasian (0.69). Mutated protein (946T) increases interferon production and protects from lethal viral infection in knock-in mouse model. Comparing the infection rate from the epidemiological data in initial days of infection from China and Italy when the social restrictions were not imposed, I show that infection rate in Italy is lower (Tmaf, 0.56) than China (Tmaf for southern China, 0.23) as expected from T allele frequency. However, this mutation rate in USA and Spain is intermediate between those two countries despite high Caucasian overall Tmaf (0.69) and that could be attributed to more admixed African population in these two countries. These analyses suggest that African-American with low Tmaf (ranging from 0.06 to 0.35) are more vulnerable to SARS-COV2 infection and IFN-beta supplement could prevent from this infection. Thus IFN-beta supplement could be developed as an effective treatment for SARS-COV2.

In Silico Docking for Inhibition Neuropilin-1 (SARS-CoV-2 Receptor) by Some Natural and Approved Drugs

Background: Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a multifunctional transmembrane receptor for ligands that affect developmental axonal growth and angiogenesis. Beside its role in cancer, NRP-1 is a reported entrance for several viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causal agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: We made Insilco docking between the spike protein and Neuropilin-1 using Cluspro 2.0 software. Therefore, Neuropilin-1 becomes host factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Then by using molecular docking, we test nine compounds against Neuropilin-1 for its inhibition. Results: Our result revealed that NRP-1 receptor is considered as Therapeutic target for SARS-CoV2 treatment and screened with natural compounds and drugs (e.g. Carvacrol, Thymol, Amantadine, Daclatasvir, Ravidasvir, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Hesperidine and Thymoquinone) by molecular docking study. Conclusion: These natural products and drugs may emerge as potential Neuropilin-1 inhibitor. However, additional exploration is predictable for the investigation of the essential use of the drugs and herbs containing these natural products and their in-vivo activity.