Sand-body Geometry Research Articles

Synthetic well test modelling in a high net-to-gross outcrop system for turbidite reservoir description

Synthetic well tests have been produced using a 3D model of an outcropping turbidite sandstone unit from the Cingöz region in southern Turkey. The model contains realistic sand sheet, tongue, lobe and background sand facies architecture (i.e. geometry and stacking) mapped from an outcrop study. The geometric information is useful as an analogue for high net-to-gross turbidite oil fields. The facies have been assigned petrophysical properties from a subsurface analogue. There is little shale in this system. Well test responses were then derived from the high net-to-gross turbidite model using various architectural, porosity–permeability scenarios and completion strategies. The impact on well test derivatives of various sand body geometries and permeability contrasts could then be determined. Two completion strategies – partial penetration and fully perforated intervals – were assessed for their applicability in the high net-to-gross system. The geological model is effectively a sandbox, and shows a very uniform testing response from the rather uniform property distributions. However, when the level of permeability heterogeneity is increased by populating the model with varying contrasts of permeability and porosity, the sand body geometry can be seen to influence the well tests. Partial completions in sand bodies are particularly effective in detecting sand body geometry. The geometry controls the flow regimes in a well test response despite variations in the permeability contrasts. The effect of varying geometry is illustrated and an external linear flow regime is identified. Where there is sufficient sand body thickness, partial perforation results in spherical flow, from which a vertical permeability can be obtained. In the model, the vertical permeability thus obtained is a local (to the volume investigated) effective permeability of stacked isotropic facies. This work was undertaken to give guidance on the description of hydrocarbon reservoirs by well testing. If well testing is to be used in high net-to-gross turbidite systems for the purposes of reservoir characterization, then partial perforation of the system should be planned. Interpreted vertical permeabilities should be applied with careful consideration of the stacked pattern of sand bodies.

Complex reservoir geometries in a deep water clastic sequence, Gryphon Field, UKCS: injection structures, geological modelling and reservoir simulation

The Balder Formation sandstone reservoir of the Gryphon Field was deposited during the late Paleocene-early Eocene. While the background sedimentation comprised pelagic shales and tuffs, sediment gravity flows transported sands from the shelf area in the west. The Crawford Ridge acted as a barrier to sediment transport in the east, causing the sands to be deposited predominantly as massive sand bodies as flow velocities decreased. During burial, sand remobilisation and injection occurred, possibly localised around faults. Cored intervals show a range of injection structures from thin cm-scale dykes to more massive metre-scale chaotic intrusive features. The cross-cutting nature of the injection structures, as observed in core and in seismic sections, accounts for the high degree of reservoir connectivity observed in the field. A study was undertaken with the objective of constructing a 3D geological model for dynamic reservoir simulation in order to evaluate future development activities in the field as previous, purely deterministic models had proven unsuitable. The complex depositional and post-depositional history of the Gryphon Field reservoir has resulted in a system for which there is no published analogue to aid in 3D reservoir modelling. Preliminary stochastic models based on analogues chosen to reflect the reservoir sand body geometries did not match the field production history. The fact that both the deterministic and fully stochastic models were unsuitable suggested that a novel approach was required to model this field. Subsequent models constructed using a combination of stochastic and deterministic models have proven successful in matching the production history of the field and evaluating infill opportunities.

ABSTRACT: Integrated use of 3D Visualisation, Sedimentology and Seismic Modelling of Subtle Syn-rift plays on the West Flank of the Oseberg Field, Norwegian North Sea

Present production of hydrocarbons on the west flank of the Oseberg Field, Norwegian North Sea is from the Middle Jurassic Brent Group. However, there is evidence that considerable additional reserves exist in Upper Jurassic syn-rift marine sandstones in an area characterised by complex structural and stratigraphic traps. Recent work has revealed that the distribution of syn-rift sands is intimately related to the contemporaneous growth and linkage of extensional faults bounding tilted fault blocks on the terraced west flank of the field. Lateral and vertical growth of faults has also resulted in the development of fault propagation folds and emergent fault block crests. Sands are considered unlikely to be laterally extensive in such a complex setting and the seismic data indicate a variety of depositional environments ranging from attached shoreline systems to turbidites infilling large channels. Extensive use of 3D visualisation techniques (formation sculpting, voxel rendering, virtual reality) coupled with seismic modelling has been used to map the geometry and distribution of the syn-rift sandbodies. The combination of these technologies coupled with the integration of structural and stratigraphic models has lead to an increased understanding of the interaction between fault growth and linkage with the eventual aim of delineating subtle syn-rift plays.

Sediment Movement Along the Eastern Margin of the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, as Revealed by Cross-stratification in the Dakota Formation, Washington County, Kansas

A detailed paleocurrent study of Cretaceous Dakota Formation sandstones in Washington County, Kansas was undertaken to determine directions of sand movement and depositional environments along the eastern margin of the Western Interior Seaway. Azimuth measurements of cross-stratified units were plotted in “rose diagrams” and examined with respect to their geographic and approximate stratigraphic position. A general southwestward direction of sediment transport is indicated (244° mean azimuth). Although mean paleocurrent directions can differ markedly from outcrop to outcrop, most sandstones in the lower part of the Dakota Formation generally have unimodal paleocurrent directions. Some of these sandstones have channel-like geometry and are situated in paleovalleys, with their mean paleocurrent direction oriented subparallel to the channel axis. Fluvial deposition is indicated. Higher in the Dakota Formation unimodal and bipolar paleocurrent azimuths are oriented nearly perpendicular to the axis of the sandbody, suggesting tidally influenced deposition. Unimodal paleocurrents again dominate the highest part of the Dakota Formation, but with overall less directional variability than in the lower part of the unit. Sheetlike sandbody geometry is suspected and more open-marine deposition could be inferred, but fluvial depositional conditions also may be possible.

ABSTRACT: The Geometry and Stacking Pattern of Fan Delta Sand Bodies in the Ostracode Zone, Alberta: Improved Subsurface Predictability Through Detailed Stratigraphic Analysis

ABSTRACT: The Geometry and Stacking Pattern of Fan Delta Sand Bodies in the Ostracode Zone, Alberta: Improved Subsurface Predictability Through Detailed Stratigraphic Analysis

Arid Continental Sand Bodies and Stratal Geometries in the Haynesville Formation as Interpreted from Coherency Processing of a 3-D Seismic Data Cube, Monroe County, Alabama

ABSTRACT In an exploratory effort to extend the Frisco City Trend northward and up-dip of its original limits in central Monroe County, Alabama, a twenty-four square mile 3-D seismic program was undertaken in 1998. Acquisition and processing parameters were established to equal or exceed those of previous data sets. As a result, very good imaging was accomplished for the Upper Jurassic targets in the 8,000 to 10,000 foot depth range. The survey was acquired using deep hole (125) pentalite with a triple-brick 110110 bin design. Throughout the central 80% of the survey 24 to 30 fold data was attained. Following the initial processing, which included DMO pre-stack migration with noise suppression, Coherency Cube Processing was applied to enhance sand body shape, thickness and size recognition. The basement massifs and inselbergs that underlie the Jurassic sediments demonstrate several episodes of incised valley erosion and subsequent onlapping deposition. Through interpretation, alluvial fan, braided wadi, eolian dune, playa and pediment sand flat deposits were delineated through variable amplitude horizon slice displays. The dunes appear to be best developed on the down-wind side of flat intermontane basins. Intermontane basin centers appear to be composed of flat lying, relatively high amplitude reflectors suggestive of playa evaporites. Low amplitude wadi sands, with their associated braided character, occur as packages of inclined valley fills and constructive, on-lapping bajada aprons. Valley fill Norphlet sand deposits and up-dip Smackover strandline facies were identified in addition to the Haynesville sand body geometries. End_of_Record - Last_Page 21--------

Exploration Implications of the Geometry and Orientation of Paralic and Shelf Sands, Wilcox Group (Paleogene), South Texas

ABSTRACT The geometry and orientation of sixteen stacked sands in a 300-350 ft-thick interval (100 m) in the Wilcox Group in the subsurface beneath La Salle and McMullen counties in South Texas is remarkably consistent. Two recurring sand-body geometries are present: broad, sheetlike, shoreline-attached sands with length-width ratios near one; and narrow, elongate, shoreline-detached sands with length-width ratios greater than two. The shoreline-attached sands pass landward into a continuous section without shale breaks and thin basinward before pinching out into shales on the shelf. The shoreline-detached sands pinch out into shales on both their landward and basinward margins. Because the regional dip is at right angles to depositional strike, the updip and landward limits of the shoreline-detached sands coincide to form attractive stratigraphic targets. Depositional strike averages N42°E for the seven shoreline-attached sands and N39°E for the nine shoreline-detached sands. The zone of maximum thickness of each of the shoreline-detached sands is parallel to the orientation of the sand-body on paleoslope. The zones of maximum thickness of the shoreline-attached sands in most cases are nearly perpendicular to the zero edge of the sand-body. The geometry and orientation of the shoreline-attached Wales sand at the base of the interval and the shoreline-detached Gasper sand near the top extend another 30-50 miles (50-75 km) along depositional strike to the northeast beyond La Salle and McMullen counties. The pattern of deposition in the middle part of the Wilcox Group persists over distances of at least 60-125 miles (100-200 km) along depositional strike in this area.

Sand body geometry, constrained and predicted during a horizontal drilling campaign in a Lower Cretaceous turbidite sand system, Captain Field, UKCS Block 13/22a

The Captain Field is a large viscous oil accumulation located in the Western Moray Firth, UK Block 13/22a which is being developed by long horizontal wells. The reservoir sand body geometry was defined in the appraisal phase by 20 vertical wells. Seismic attributes were not used because of the poor seismic signal to noise ratio in the reservoir interval. As the development drilling campaign has unfolded, the appraisal sand body geometry model has been significantly refined using a wealth of data from the horizontal wells. During development drilling it has proved cheap to sidetrack horizontal well sections without a requirement to isolate the abandoned hole. This has resulted in significant extra geological data (e.g. top reservoir penetrations, sand thickness data). Integrating this dataset with top reservoir topography derived from seismic and weak internal reservoir seismic reflectors, the sand body geometry model is significantly improved in undeveloped parts of the field.

Reservoir modelling sand-rich deep-water clastics: the necessity of down-scaling

Channels, lobes and levees are inadequate architectural elements to describe sand body geometry in sand-rich deep-water systems. Sand sheets are the most common architectural element. Elutriation modifies primary sedimentary structures by mobilizing and reorganizing grains. This changes pore size distribution and permeability characteristics. Bed amalgamation and offset stacking of sand sheets makes problematic the use of bed thickness in correlation. A down-scaling approach for reservoir modelling is recommended, as a hierarchy of architectural elements that define up-scaling relationships cannot be established.

Sand body geometry in a sand-rich, deep-water clastic system, Miocene Cingöz Formation of southern Turkey

Three types of sandstone bodies, canyon-fill, tongues and lobes are recognized, and their geometry and spatial organization described within an elongate, W–E trending deep-water clastic system. The canyon-fill comprises sheet-like, fining upward packages that pinch-out rapidly (over 20 m laterally) where they onlap against the basin margin slope to the north. To the south, bed packages pinch-out more gradually over 400–500 m where they are confined by basin floor topography that forms one margin to the canyon. Down-system from the canyon, tongues form narrow and elongate (0.5–1 km wide and 25 km long) sandstone bodies. They are non-erosive, and are thus not channels, but sedimentation is focused within palaeotopographic lows formed by basement structure and differential compaction. Lobes occur close to the mouth of the canyon, overlying the tongues. Packages of lobes (net sandstone ∼80%) and interlobe deposits (net sandstone ∼40%) are cut by distributary channels that allow sediment to bypass the lobes. The overall asymmetric geometry and elongate nature of this sand-rich deep-water clastic system, and consequently sandstone distribution and architecture, are controlled by the basin margin slope and basin floor palaeotopography.

Reservoir and aquifer characterization of fluvial architectural elements: Stubensandstein, Upper Triassic, southwest Germany

This paper aims at a quantitative sedimentological and petrophysical characterization of a terminal alluvial plain system exemplified by the Stubensandstein, South German Keuper Basin. The study follows the outcrop-analogue approach, where information derived from outcrops is collected in order to enhance interpretation of comparable subsurface successions. Quantitative data on sandbody geometries, porosities and permeabilities are presented in order to constrain modelling of subsurface sandbodies and permeability barriers. For sedimentological characterization the method of architectural element analysis (Miall, A.D., 1996. The Geology of Fluvial Deposits. Springer, Berlin) was used, and modified to include poroperm facies. A special photo-technique with a precise theodolite survey was developed to create optically corrected photomosaics for outcrop wall maps from up to 20,000 m2 large outcrops. Nine architectural elements have been classified and quantified. Bedload, mixed-load and suspended-load channel fills are separated. The petrophysical characterization of the architectural elements integrated porosity and permeability measurements of core-plugs with gamma-ray measurements along representative sections. It could be demonstrated, that certain architectural elements show a characteristic poroperm facies. Four scales of sedimentary cycles have been recognized in the Stubensandstein. Cyclic sedimentation causes changing lithofacies patterns within the architectural elements, depending on their position in the sedimentary cycle. Stratigraphic position exerts only some, paleogeographic position exerts significant influence on porosity and permeability of the sandbodies. The highest poroperm values were found in proximal areas of the alluvial plain and in middle parts within sedimentary macrocycles. The strong internal heterogeneity on the alluvial plain system is important for its reservoir and aquifer characteristics. Compartments of bedload channel sandstones in medial positions of a stratigraphic cycle represent very good reservoirs or aquifers. The seals or aquicludes are formed by extensive floodplain claystones, lacustrine sediments, paleosols, and suspended-load deposits. Strongly cemented zones of sandstones represent aquitards.

Sand-Rich Fairways in Deep-Water Clastic Reservoirs: Genetic Units, Capturing Uncertainty, and a New Approach to Reservoir Modeling

Correlation in sand-rich deep-water clastic reservoirs using sedimentary characteristics is examined using well-exposed outcrop data. Individual bed thickness, or the sedimentary characteristics of single beds, and packages of beds when viewed in one dimension are found to give an inadequate basis for interwell correlation over distances greater than 100 m. Offset stacking of beds is the main control over bed thickness variations with scouring playing a minor role. Composite units are identified that can be traced over kilometer-scale distances. These units are potentially identifiable on seismic data and are valuable for interwell-scale reservoir modeling. Pinch-out of sand units is characterized in two end-member styles, onlap and infill. Onlap and infill indicate the influence of paleotopography on deposition, reflecting deposition onto low and high relief, respectively. Onlap is characterized by gradual deterioration of reservoir quality toward the pinch-out, whereas infill maintains good reservoir quality without significant deterioration close to the pinch-out. Prediction of the proximity of 1-D (one-dimensional) sections to termination of reservoir units at a pinch-out is problematic for both styles. Although 1-D sections provide invaluable data for reservoir characterization prediction of 3-D (three-dimensional) sand body geometry from borehole sections is problematic. Commonly cited channelized and lobate sandstone body geometry does not have diagnostic sedimentary features and recognition of alternative sand body geometry is needed. The difficulty in selecting key, small-scale sedimentary features that, in turn, are diagnostic of larger scale geometric features limits their value in the up-scaling of reservoir characteristics. A new approach to reservoir modeling of sand-rich deep-water clastic reservoirs is proposed that involves down-scaling from mapping of seismically detectable, interwell-scale packages of beds and the paleotopography on which they lie. Once these features are constrained smaller scale characteristics are modeled.

Reservoir Architecture of Deep-Lacustrine Sandstones from the Early Cretaceous Recôncavo Rift Basin, Brazil

Synrift, lacustrine sedimentation took place along the entire eastern Brazilian margin in response to the Neocomian breakup of Gondwana. In the Reconcavo basin, a deep lake was developed and filled mainly by a thick (>2000 m) succession of dark-colored, organic-rich mudstones and sandstones, and by subordinate, oncolite- and Ostracod-rich carbonates. In the Fazenda Balsamo oil field, near the northeastern border fault margin of Reconcavo basin, deep-lacustrine reservoirs comprise a succession up to 424 m thick composed mainly of laminated (lower section) and massive (upper section), medium- to fine-grained sandstones. Their porosities and permeabilities typically range from 14 to 23%, and 100 to 500 md, respectively. The sandy reservoirs and interbedded source-rock mudstones comprise eight transgressive successions (mostly 20-120 m thick) bounded by basin-wide, mudstone marker beds. The average duration (about 83,000 yr) of each succession suggests that climatically driven lake level fluctuations may have modulated the cyclic, deep-lacustrine sedimentation in the study area; however, the interaction of changes in lake level with tectonic activity defined the dominant type of reservoir facies and the geometry and position of sand bodies. Laminated sandstones form sandstone bodies that are 600-1200 m wide, 1.5-4.5 km long, and up to 46 m thick, which fill northeast-oriented, fault-bounded troughs. These rocks probably were deposited by long-duration, sand-rich density underflows preferentially developed during rising lake level or highstands. These rocks may reflect an increasingly humid climate and more powerful and sediment-loaded influent streams. The more intense fault activity during the deposition of the lower reservoir section would have axially focused density underflows coming from the northeastern end of the basin. Massive sandstones comprise turbidite channel-fills that are 100-800 m wide, more than 2 km long, and up to 38 m thick. Fault activity diminished during the deposition of the upper reservoir section, allowing the cutting and filling of northwest-oriented channels by turbidity currents derived from the nearby border fault margin, preferentially during falling lake level or lowstands. Despite the local erosion associated with some turbidite channels, no unconformity or widespread erosion surface can be recognized within the studied succession. The relatively rapid and continuous tectonic subsidence along the eastern border fault margin of the Reconcavo basin provided virtually unlimited accommodation space for the aggradational stacking of climatically controlled, deepening-upward successions.

Regional correlation of Westphalian sandbodies onshore UK: implications for reservoirs in the Southern North Sea

An extensive and closely-spaced seismic and well dataset from coal and hydrocarbon exploration in the East Pennine Coalfield and the East Midlands Oilfield has enabled the detailed subsurface correlation and mapping of major Westphalian A to C sandbodies. Maximum flooding surfaces are represented by marine bands which are faunal concentrate condensed horizons. The large fluvial sandbodies do not show characteristics of incized valley fills. The remoteness of the study area from the sea during deposition meant that eustatic changes are less significant than other factors. The interplay of tectonics, climate and autocyclic processes was responsible for exceedingly complex sequences in terms of both lateral and vertical organization, and it is difficult to isolate the relative importance of the various mechanisms controlling sedimentation. Closely spaced onshore borehole data and outcrop studies have been used to model reservoir characteristics and continuity offshore in the Southern North Sea, where well spacing is far greater. Architectural variability and 3D geometry of onshore sandbodies can be used as an analogue for Southern North Sea reservoirs. Geometric data from 20 mapped onshore sandbodies illustrates a relationship between sandbody width and thickness, with 90% of channel sandbodies being less than 25 km in width and less than 40 m in thickness. A remarkable similarity exists between the sand distribution onshore UK and Westphalian reservoir intervals in the Southern North Sea. Sandbodies onshore and offshore show comparable thicknesses (up to 100 m) and widths (up to 30 km). Additionally, the sandbodies do not display incised bases, as is also typical of all the main Westphalian reservoir targets in the Southern North Sea.

Submarine fans and related depositional systems ii: variability in reservoir architecture and wireline log character

The architecture and heterogeneity of deep-marine clastic reservoir systems can be assessed at three scales. At the macroscale, lateral and vertical variations in the stacking patterns of submarine fans or fan complexes fundamentally affects the shape and scale of a reservoir and its trapping geometry. At the mesoscale, the distribution and type of architectural elements, (e.g., channel-levees, lobes, sheet sands) within the fan system have a major impact upon reservoir compartmentalisation and the distribution, continuity and connectivity of sand/shale bodies. Finally, at the microscale, the vertical and horizontal arrangement of reservoir and non-reservoir facies and lithotypes defines flow units which fundamentally control fluid flow and production performance. Each type of submarine fan and related deep-marine clastic reservoir system (sand-rich fans, mixed sand–mud ramps etc.) exhibits a predictable arrangement of architectural elements which form the basic building blocks of the system. These features control reservoir architecture, seismic expression and the geometry of sandbodies and non-reservoir section. A suite of reservoir architectural models is proposed for different deep-marine clastic systems using unpublished and cited data from outcrop and subsurface studies. These conceptual models are idealised simplifications which provide a preliminary framework for understanding broad scale reservoir archsitecture and wireline-log character within contrasting types of fan and related systems. The models are of value in the exploration for turbidite reservoirs by highlighting the risk on reservoir presence and distribution from an appreciation of the architectural style. Within appraisal and production they provide a basic framework from which an objective reservoir description can be made. Use of such conceptual analogue models for reservoir description will not adequately reflect the reality and individuality of a specific reservoir. Their use in understanding detailed reservoir complexity should therefore be approached with caution.

Abstract: Synsedimentary Fault Block Movements in the Early Triassic Governing Fast Lateral Changes in Sand Body Geometry and Composition

Abstract: Synsedimentary Fault Block Movements in the Early Triassic Governing Fast Lateral Changes in Sand Body Geometry and Composition

Abstract: Deep-Water Sands, Pliocene, Niger Delta: Depositional Processes, Sand Body Geometry, and Sand Body Stacking Patterns

Abstract: Deep-Water Sands, Pliocene, Niger Delta: Depositional Processes, Sand Body Geometry, and Sand Body Stacking Patterns

Geometry and facies dynamics of Middle Jurassic carbonate ramp sandbodies, West-Central Portugal

Abstract The Middle Jurassic succession of the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal) represents a carbonate ramp depositional system. For most of the time, the shallow-water facies defined a microtidal barrier-island complex, where prominent oolite-dominated sandbodies developed. Detailed facies analysis of these sandbodies allowed the recognition of their elementary depositional facies, which are described and whose relative importance is estimated. Sandbody geometry, hydrodynamic controls and ramp evolution are discussed. Carbonate sediment production and redistribution, coupled with inner ramp aggradational and progradational trends, have interacted in a such a way that ramp geometry persisted for a longer period of time than usually recorded in these systems.

Reservoir architecture of the upper Sherwood Sandstone, Wytch Farm field, southern England

Abstract The Sherwood Sandstone Group reservoir in the Wytch Farm field comprises a c. 150 m thick succession of arkosic sandstones deposited in a variety of fluvial, lacustrine and aeolian depositional systems. These systems show at least three orders of facies variability, which are interpreted to be the depositional response to climatic changes. These comprise a first-order evolutionary trend over the entire Sherwood Sandstone Group from perennial braidplain to ephemeral sheetflood systems to ephemeral lacustrine conditions. This trend culminated in deposition of the Mercia Mudstone Group, and reflects a long-term waning of sand supply and increasing ‘flashiness’ of the fluvial system. This trend is further subdivided into second-order cycles defined by five areally widespread floodplain and lacustrine deposits containing minimal development of fluvial sandstones. These represent widespread, episodic reductions in fluvial sediment supply and rising base level during more ‘humid’ climatic conditions. These horizons form the basis for the reservoir layering scheme. Each floodplain episode is increasingly more mud-rich upwards through the Sherwood section, and the sand-rich fluvial packages between become systematically more ephemeral in character. Third-order cycles are defined by thin (<2 m), but alreally widespread floodplain and lacustrine horizons which are most readily identifiable in the upper half of the Sherwood section. The sandstones between these cycles are composed of aeolian and sheetflood deposits, but are incised by coarse-grained multistorey-multilateral channel deposits. The incisions are interpreted to be the result of fluvial erosion during dry climatic conditions when lake levels fell and the alluvial plain was devegetated. These incised fluvial deposits form the principal producing intervals in the upper part of the reservoir, particularly in the eastern part of the field. Higher frequency stratigraphic cycles are locally expressed by variations in ephemeral lake levels, palaeosol development and episodic development of wind-blown sand patches. At outcrop, the stratigraphically equivalent Otter Sandstone Formation ( c. 100 km to the west) shows comparable evolutionary patterns, albeit with a subtly different facies make-up. The recognition of a hierarchy of climatically driven cycles within the reservoir permits high-resolution correlation and the recognition of subtle, but important, changes in sandbody geometry and connectivity within successive cycles.

A NEURAL‐NETWORK APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE‐BASED WELL INTERPOLATION: A CASE STUDY OF A FLUVIAL SANDSTONE RESERVOIR

This paper presents a new approach to well interpolation using interpolation neural networks (INETs). Traditional methods such as geostatistics have been applied to the spatial mapping of reservoirs. However, these methods are not able to make use of qualitative information, such as previously‐constructed “expert knowledge ” in the form of iso‐porosity contours or structural maps of sand body geometry, in a simple manner.This paper demonstrates the usefulness of INET via a case study of a fluvial sandstone reservoir at an oilfield in the Asia Pacific region. The proposed method is applied to porosity interpolation based on data from spatially‐dispersed wells and regional geological knowledge. The results from this study show that an INET is not only able to incorporate expert advice, but also that it is easy to implement in a desktop computer or workstation. This allows an effective transfer of geological knowledge to reservoir modelling.