Study Sample Research Articles

Sex differences in burnout and work-family conflict among Chinese emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study

IntroductionWork–family conflict and burnout have become pressing concerns in nursing profession. These factors negatively affect nurses' health and work performance and therefore negatively influence the quality and safety of patient care. Whereas, nursing is a female-dominated profession. Studies have found that male nurses have higher level of depersonalization dimension of burnout than female nurses. Female nurses present higher level of emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout than male nurse. This study aimed to apply sex-specific analyses to investigate the associations between dimensions of burnout and work–family role behavior conflict among Chinese emergency department nurses.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional research. A questionnaire comprising items on demographic characteristics, work–family role behavior conflict, and burnout information, was distributed among emergency department nurses from 30 tertiary hospitals across mainland China, between December 26, 2023, and January 18, 2024.ResultsThis study's sample comprised 1,540 nurses. The total work–family role behavior conflict scores were 42.23 and 43.4, and the total burnout scores were 11.14 and 11.63 for female and male nurses, respectively. Significant differences were observed in comparisions of age, marital status, fertility status, education level, job title, work experience, night shift frequency, smoking status, and drinking status by sex. Correlation analyses revealed that burnout and work–family role behavior conflicts were positively associated with both sexes. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that three dimensions of burnout including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced work accomplishment significantly affected work–family role behavior conflict in both sexes. Compared with emotional exhaustion and reduced work accomplishment dimensions, depersonalization dimension of burnout affected work–family role behavior conflicts the most in male emergency nurses. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions of burnout explained more of the variance in work–family role behavior conflict compared with redeuced work accomplishment dimension for female emergency nurses.ConclusionReducing depersonalization among emergency department male nurses and emotional exhaustion and depersonalization for female emergency department nurses, are crucial for decreasing work–family role behavior conflicts. Future studies should explore differences in burnout level among male and female nurses for a long time.

The psychological impact on women during matchmaking process in arranged marriage

This study examines the psychological impact of the matchmaking process in arranged marriage on women in the Dhanusha district of Nepal. The research used a semi-structured interview to explore the experiences of 100 women aged 20-40 who faced evaluation during the arranged marriage matchmaking process. The findings reveal that physical appearance, particularly skin complexion, and height, is a predominant standard in bride selection, often leading to reduced self-esteem, psychological distress, and feelings of insufficiency among women who do not conform to these societal expectations. Dowry remains a significant factor in urban and rural settings adding financial and emotional burdens on women and their families. Although educational qualification offers some agency in marriage negotiations, it does not alleviate the issues related to beauty standards and dowry demands. Proficiency in domestic skills is also appreciated, particularly in traditional rural settings where educational qualification is less valued. The research contributes to the knowledge of how deeply rooted cultural and traditional norms perpetuate gender inequality and adversely affect women's mental well-being. However, the study's limited sample size and geographical region suggest the need for further research across diverse regions to gain more comprehensive insights.

The Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, -2, -3, -7, and -13 Gene Polymorphisms With Peri-Implantitis in an Iranian Population: A Case-Control Study.

Peri-implantitis (PI) is the most common biological issue surrounding dental implants. According to current knowledge, the aforementioned complication is not equally distributed across different populations, and gene polymorphisms might be one contributing factor. The current study aimed to examine the association between gene polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 1, -2, -3, -7, and -13 with PI in an Iranian demographic. The study's sample included 50 subjects suffering from PI and 89 healthy controls. From each participant, a venous blood sample of 5 cc was obtained, and DNA was extracted. Gene polymorphisms were investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) combined with electrophoresis. Statistical analyses were done using the Pearson chi-square test, odds ratio, and t-test via SPSS version 28. The MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) and MMP-7 (-181 A/G) gene polymorphisms were significantly different between the patients with PI and healthy controls (PV < 0.001 and =0.025, respectively). MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G), MMP-2 (-1306 C/T), and MMP-13 (-77 A/G) gene polymorphisms did not, however, differ in terms of prevalence between the two groups (PV > 0.05). Moreover, the presence of the 6 A allele in the MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) genotype resulted in a significant decrease in PI risk (PV < 0.001). Gene polymorphisms in the genotypes of MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) and MMP-7 (-181 A/G) were differential when comparing PI patients and healthy controls of the studied population.

Examining Predictors of Post-Traumatic Changes Among Mothers in Turkey Following Earthquakes.

This study aims to assess the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in mothers affected by the February 2023 earthquakes in Turkey and to explore the influence of spiritual well-being and other factors on their Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG) levels. The study's sample consisted of mothers invited to participate voluntarily through online social media platforms between October-December 2023. The Mother Information Form, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Control List, Post-Traumatic Growth Scale, and Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) were used as data collection instruments. A total of 303 mothers participated in this study. The mean total PTSD score was 49.35 (SD: 19.76), and 83.5% of mothers were categorized under severe anxiety levels. There was a statistically significant weak and positive relationship between PTSD and PTG levels (r: 0.282, P:0.000). When the predictors of PTG are considered, the spiritual well-being of mothers significantly predicts PTG (F: 43.944, P: 0.000). It accounts for 12.7% (R Square = 0.127) of the variance in mothers' PTG. Mothers showed high PTSD levels 9 months after the earthquakes, but alongside these high levels, it has a positive relation with their PTG, which may show mothers becoming stronger after their traumatic experience. Study results showed the mothers' spiritual levels were a significant predictor for PTG.

The Status of Mental Disorder and to Identify the Barriers of Psychological Treatment among University Student

Depression, anxiety, and stress are widespread mental health concerns among modern university students, and these conditions appear to be increasing. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of mental health issues, and also to identify the barriers of psychological treatment. The study's sample size was 344 students drawn at random from Rajshahi University. To assess the extent to which the participants suffered from mental illness, the Bangla version of the Depression Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was administered, and the translated Bangla adaptation of Perceived Barriers to Psychological Treatment Scale (PBPT) was also applied to the same participants to identify the barriers of psychological treatment. The acquired data were analyzed with descriptive statistics in IBM SPSS Version 25.0. It was determined that 50.57% of respondents demonstrated moderate to extremely severe stress symptoms, 72.97% of students exhibited moderate to extremely severe anxiety symptoms, and 56.7% exhibited moderate to extremely severe depressive symptoms, respectively. Study participants cited two major barriers to seeking mental health treatment: a lack of available services (51.5%) and the difficulty in finding a counselor (41.3%). This study helps in understanding the mental states of students and planning activities related to offering counseling services.

Impact of Updated Invasive Right Ventricular and Pulmonary Hemodynamics on Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair

Right-sided cardiac catheterization (RHC) is selectively recommended in mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge (M-TEER) workup because right ventricle (RV) hemodynamic parameters predict adverse outcomes. This study examines the impact of RV hemodynamics and the prognostic value of the 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) pulmonary hypertension definitions on outcomes after M-TEER. Of 152 patients treated with M-TEER for symptomatic severe mitral regurgitation (MR) between December 2014 and February 2024 at our tertiary center, 71 underwent elective RHC before the procedure. The primary outcomes assessed were all-cause mortality and a composite of heart failure hospitalization and death at the longest available follow-up. In a cohort of 152 mostly male patients (64%) with a median age of 79 years who were treated for symptomatic severe MR, 71 underwent elective RHC. The causes were categorized as degenerative (47%), functional ventricular (41%), and atrial (12%). Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was common, with 74% showing mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) >20 mm Hg and 39% with pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >2 Wood Units. Success rates were high, with technical, device, and procedural success at 97%, 88%, and 84%, respectively. At a median follow-up of 681 days, all-cause mortality was 50%, and the composite outcome (death or heart failure hospitalizations) occurred in 61%. Key hemodynamic parameters, including mPAP, PVR, and the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure ratio, were independently linked to mortality risk. Kaplan-Meier analysis found significant associations with mPAP >20 mm Hg and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure >15 mm Hg for long-term mortality, whereas the 2022 ESC PH thresholds showed greater sensitivity, correlating with increased mortality risk. In patients with severe MR who undergo M-TEER, most RV invasive hemodynamic parameters are linked to adverse long-term outcomes, with mPAP, PVR, and the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure ratio identified as independent predictors of mortality. Despite the study's limited sample size, the updated ESC PH definitions enhance prognostic assessment.

Differentiated Learning Models: Students’ Learning Style, Readiness, and Interest in Learning Regarding the Results of Fiqh

&lt;em&gt;The differentiation learning model is a novel approach that caters to the demands of the 21st- century education system. Studies conducted by Indonesian scholars on this model are scarce, with limited focus on its impact on students' cognitive abilities and metacognitive awareness. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the impact of incorporating a differentiated learning approach founded on the learning preferences, preparedness, and engagement of pupils on Fiqh's academic performance. An explanatory survey technique employing the Stratified Random Sampling methodology is utilized in this research. The sample comprises all fifth-grade students of the State Islamic Primary School in Tulungagung Regency, amounting to a total of 507 learners. The study's sample comprises four randomly selected State Islamic Primary Schools from the seven Tulungagung Regency, with a total of 276 students studying Fiqh. The data collection instruments used include test sheets for learning outcomes, notes on creative thinking skills, and motivation questionnaires. The data is then analyzed using a two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a significance level of 5%. The results of the research indicate that: (1) There is no discernible disparity in Fiqh learning outcomes based on learning style. (2) There is no disparity in Fiqh learning outcomes based on students’ learning readiness. (3) Disparities in Fiqh learning outcomes based on students’ learning interests exist. (4) A noteworthy interaction exists between the implementation of differentiation learning aspects of learning styles, learning readiness, and students’ learning interests on Fiqh learning outcomes. The findings of this study suggest that the differentiation learning model provides an alternative approach to learning that addresses the needs of the modern era.&lt;/em&gt;

Analysis of Body Posture and Mental Workload in Production Operators Using the Rapit Entire Body Assesment and Modifiet Cooper Harper Methods

Muscle fatigue can cause problems or musical symptoms. The problem of musculoskeletal can be affected by such factors as energy, posture, action over and over - again, and longer working hours, with a 20% delay production percentage. It aims to analyze the body posture and mental workload on the production operator. The study's sample removal was made of 15 production operators at the XYZ corporation. The purpose of the study is, to know the impact of body posture, evaluate the risk factors of less-ergonomic working posture, and know the category of mental workload experienced by production operators at the XYZ pt. The data analysis techniques used in this study are Reba and MCH analysis. Research results by using the Reba method score 7 which means moderate risk work if carried on a long period, and changes need to be made immediately. On MCH methods obtained underload job classifications on purging and refining activities, installment of the plate, end of the plate, final fitting, casting, finishing, shipping, release of the product, PC strand cutting, and removal of the product. Whereas an optimum classification load on the scrounging activities section. Overload classification is the installation, spiral, and PC strand, and early 20% stress.

Successful colonization of the testicular germinal epithelium by bone marrow stem cells producing spermatozoa of donor genotype is rare

AbstractBackgroundIt is not known whether bone marrow stem cells when injected intravenously for a bone marrow transplant colonize the human testicular epithelium. No previous studies of sperm genotype after bone marrow transplantation are reported.ObjectivesTo differentiate host from donor genotype in spermatozoa of men who have undergone successful bone marrow transplants.Materials and methodsTriplet DNA samples (spermatozoa, blood, and hair) obtained from men who had recovered sperm production after bone marrow transplant were genotyped using 44 autosomal and three sex‐related single nucleotide polymorphisms to determine the tissue genotype in pairwise comparisons of DNA profiles.ResultsParticipants were 14 men at a median of 5.5 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplant who had a median sperm output of 77 million spermatozoa/ejaculate. In 14/14 the donor (leukocyte) DNA genotype differed significantly from the spermatozoa and hair genotypes whereas hair and sperm genotypes showed no variations.DiscussionThese data suggest that paternity after a successful bone marrow transplant is likely to be of the host and not the donor's genetic origins. The study's small sample size reflects the paucity of eligible man with recovered spermatogenesis after bone marrow transplant and represents preliminary evidence. A large‐scale epidemiological analysis to estimate the frequency of bone marrow donor stem cell colonization of the testicular germinal epithelium based on progeny sex ratio and frequency of female donors is proposed.ConclusionSuccessful colonization of the testicular germinal and hair follicle epithelia by allogeneic bone marrow transplant donor stem cells is rare or does not occur.

BN SO19 - Evaluating Wrap Pressure Augmentation Ratio and Physiological Transit Time for Post-Fundoplication Dysphagia

Abstract Background Post-fundoplication dysphagia affects many patients that can often lead to significant weight loss and reduced quality of life, and prompt some to seek surgical reversal. Current diagnostic methods may not fully explain the dysphagia which may necessitate repeat oesophageal physiology testing. This study retrospectively evaluates two novel markers, Wrap Pressure Augmentation Ratio (WPAR) and Physiological Transit Time (PTT), to better understand and manage the post-fundoplication dysphagia. Method The study retrospectively reviewed 54 post-Nissen’s fundoplication patients from January 2020 to May 2024. WPAR was calculated as the ratio of the augmented wrap basal pressure to the median integrated relaxation pressure found during high-resolution manometry following the Chicago Classification guideline [1]. PTT was measured from controlled measurements of antegrade bolus movement [2] during multichannel impedance-pH studies [3]. Patients completed HODQ forms to assess dysphagia [4]. Optimal WPAR and PTT thresholds were determined using Youden’s J index from receiver operating characteristic curves. This study was ethically approved (REC 18/NW/0120, IRAS 333800). Results Out of 54 cases (female=28:26, mean age 50.6), 75.9% reported clinical dysphagia post-fundoplication. Significant correlations were found with WPAR (&amp;lt;1.49, p=0.017) and PTT (&amp;gt;0.83 minutes, p=0.028)(see Table 1). These findings suggest WPAR and PTT as effective markers for post-fundoplication dysphagia. The analysis revealed a moderate correlation between WPAR and PTT (r =-0.45, p&amp;lt;0.05), suggesting that lower WPAR values tend to be associated with longer PTT. SensitivityPositive Predictive Valueχ2p-valueWPAR &amp;lt;1.490.610.895.680.017PTT &amp;gt;0.83 minutes0.780.844.820.028 Table 1 showing predictive DR and PTT values for clinical dysphasia post fundoplication. Conclusion This pilot study identifies PAR and PTT as promising physiological markers for diagnosing post-fundoplication dysphagia. The moderate correlation between PAR and PTT suggests a potential link, indicating that lower pressure augmentation might be associated with slower oesophageal transit times. These markers could enhance management strategies for affected patients. However, the study's small sample size and lack of a control group limit generalizability. Larger, controlled studies are necessary to validate these findings and further explore the relationship between PAR and PTT.

Sustainability in European luxury tourism companies: an analysis of practices and managerial perspectives

Purpose This paper aims to present findings from a preliminary study aimed at investigating sustainability practices and managerial perceptions within European luxury tourism companies. The study addressed two key research questions: What is the present state of sustainability practices in the luxury tourism sector? What are the managers' perspectives and the prevailing trends in the adoption of sustainable approaches? Design/methodology/approach The study used a mixed methods approach to gather data from a diverse range of European luxury tourism companies. The survey and the interview of companies’ representatives encompassed various organisational types engaged in different tourism activities, allowing for a comprehensive exploration of sustainability practices within the sector. Organisational characteristics, such as size, turnover and location, were considered to ensure a representative sample. Findings The findings of the study reveal a robust commitment to environmental, social and economic sustainability across the luxury tourism industry. Despite variations in organisational characteristics, including size, turnover and location, the study identified a lack of significant differences in sustainability practices, indicating a noteworthy homogeneity within the sector. The findings also show that a high percentage of companies hold sustainability certifications and share an emphasis on authenticity, local engagement and economic profitability. Research limitations/implications The study's sample size may limit the generalisability of the findings. A larger sample size would enhance the study's robustness and allow for more comprehensive insights into sustainability practices within the luxury tourism sector. The study's focus on European luxury tourism companies may limit its applicability to other regions or contexts. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into sustainability practices and managerial perspectives within the European luxury tourism sector. The study offers original insights into the current state of sustainability in luxury tourism and highlights opportunities for further research and refinement of sustainability initiatives within the sector.

EXPLOITING LIMITATIONS: EXAMINING THE CONCEPT OF “BRICOLAGE” IN MANAGEMENT STUDIES THROUGH A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Bricolage, a novel concept derived from anthropology, has a significant impact on contemporary management practices by promoting the use of available resources to deal with challenges and exploit resources. Previous research has highlighted the importance of bricolage in encouraging innovative thinking and adaptability in organizations, particularly in developing nations where resources are scarce. Although the notion is very adaptable, researchers could encounter the difficulty of combing through the diverse range of publications to find essential academic sources and articles on management. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis is necessary to thoroughly review and assess current trends in the management literature on bricolage. This study examines the existing literature on bricolage in management studies to identify research trends and potential gaps. The study's sample consisted of 209 publications published between 2003 and March 2024 in the Web of Science database. VOSviewer was used to analyze and display the associations among journals, authors, countries, and keywords. According to the results, bricolage is an important tool for businesses to overcome limitations within the entrepreneurial domain. The findings indicate that the United States, England, and China are significant research hubs in the research network. Also, keyword analysis revealed that a growing body of research is bridging the gap between entrepreneurship and other fields, such as technology, innovation, policy, and society, according to the relationships discovered. This study provides a comprehensive overview of bricolage research in management studies and practical suggestions for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to enhance the application of bricolage in various organizational and management contexts.

The Impact of Digital Learning Platforms on Student Motivation in High School

This study explores the relationship between the use of digital learning platforms and student motivation in high school settings. With the increasing integration of technology in education, understanding its influence on student engagement and motivation is critical. This research employs a cross-sectional survey design with a sample of 200 high school students from New York City. Using a questionnaire based on the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), the study examines whether students who regularly use digital platforms demonstrate higher motivation levels than their peers who do not. Data analysis, conducted using SPSS, reveals a significant positive relationship between digital platform usage and student motivation. The findings suggest that digital learning tools may enhance motivation, offering important implications for educators and policymakers. However, the study's cross-sectional nature and limited sample size present constraints, indicating the need for further research.

THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN BANKING IMPLEMENTATION, ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING AND COVID-19 CRISIS ON PROFITABILITY WITH BANK SIZE AS A MODERATING VARIABLE IN ISLAMIC GENERAL BANK PERIOD 2016-2023

This study uses bank size as a moderating variable to examine the effects of the Covid-19 crisis, Islamic social reporting, and the deployment of green banking on profitability in Indonesian Islamic commercial banks. In this work, panel data regression and moderated regression analysis are used as data analysis methods. Eleven Indonesian Islamic commercial banks that were registered with the OJK between 2016 and 2023 used as the study's sample. The study's findings show that Islamic commercial banks' profitability is significantly and favorably impacted by ISR. Profitability (ROE) is significantly impacted negatively by the Covid-19 situation, but not ROA. In the meantime, Islamic commercial banks' profitability is unaffected by green banking. The association between green banking and profitability may be moderated by the moderating variable of bank size. This research highlights how crucial risk management, responsibility, and openness are in a period of unpredictable economic times. In the context of Islamic banking, the impact of ISR procedures and reactions to financial crises like COVID-19 is quite significant. Islamic banks should see an improvement in their financial performance in the future by strengthening their ISR management and comprehending the implications of green banking.

Assessing Parental Engagement's Influence on Elementary Students' Language Proficiency Development

Aim: In this research, the influence of Jordanian parents on their children's English language development in sixth grade is examined. The study's goals could only be met with the help of a pre- and post-test designed to evaluate the participants' English language skills. There were fifteen English-language questions on the test. Method: Female students in sixth grade from two public schools in the Irbid 1st Directorate of Education served as the study's sample (92). There were 46 in the control group and 46 in the experimental group. The teachers' guide group followed the conventional approach, while the experimental group used the Parents' Participation strategy. Results: By comparing the pre- and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups, the study determined whether or not parental participation improved sixth graders' speaking abilities. In comparison to the control group, which had a pretest mean of 60 (standard deviation=9) and a posttest mean of 70 (standard deviation=10), the experimental group that included parents had higher scores on both the pretest and posttest (mean=65, SD=8). In spite of these gains, there was no statistically significant difference in the groups' overall teaching strategies according to the ANOVA results (F value=1.25, p=0.267). This suggests that parental involvement may result in higher scores, but it does not necessarily affect the effectiveness of the tested teaching strategies. Additionally, the results showed that the experimental group routinely beat the control group, which is encouraging but not conclusive evidence of a substantial effect on the improvement of students' public speaking abilities. Received: 12 July 2024 / Accepted: 31 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Melalui Belanja Daerah Sebagai Variabel Pemediasi

This research uses quantitative techniques to examine and evaluate the impact of the Revenue Sharing Fund and Special Allocation Fund on the Human Development Index using regional expenditure as a mediating variable. The East Nusa Tenggara region's 110 data points from 22 districts and cities between 2019 and 2023 served as the study's sample. Path analysis and multiple linear regression are the study approaches that are employed. The results of this study prove that increasing the amount of Special Allocation Fund (DAK) and Revenue Sharing Fund (DBH) can increase Regional Expenditure, besides that DBH is able to increase the Human Development Index (HDI), DAK and Regional Expenditure have not contributed to changes in HDI, and DAK and DBH have no impact on HDI through Regional Expenditure. This illustrates that the East Nusa Tenggara local government has optimized the allocation of Revenue Sharing Funds through extracting funds by utilizing the potential of natural resources and taxes as a strategy to improve the quality of the Human Development Index through improvements in education, health, and income levels.

The research on the factors affecting the World Happiness index

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to use data from the World Happiness Report to conduct an in-depth analysis of the factors that influence the World Happiness Index (WHI) and to look for other factors that may influence happiness. In this paper, the correlation graph shows that among the original six variables, Social Support has the strongest correlation with the ladder score, which means that Social Support has the greatest impact on the happiness index, followed by GDP per capita; Generosity, on the other hand, was the weakest associated with ladder scores and had the least effect on happiness. Then the linear regression and scatter plot are used to prove this conclusion. Therefore, this paper can consider whether to delete Generosity as an influential factor. A map was then used to show happiness levels and geographical distribution in different countries. At the same time, the distribution of the Gini coefficient is also shown by a regional distribution map. From the perspective of the Gini coefficient and education level, these two factors also have a certain positive correlation with the happiness index, which are likely to be the potential influencing factors of the happiness index. From a global map perspective, the happiest countries are mostly located in Europe, North America and Oceania, while the happiest countries are mostly located in Africa. The study's sample size was not large enough, it was prone to make errors and raise questions about happiness scores in some countries.

Integrating machine learning with web-based tools for personalized prognosis in oral adenoid cystic carcinoma

BackgroundAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the oral cavity is a rare head and neck cancer. This rarity contributes to the paucity of comprehensive research on this cancer thereby complicating the development of evidence-based treatment strategies. This study aims to use machine learning (ML) techniques to analyze survival outcomes and optimize treatment approaches of ACC. MethodsThe SEER database (2000–2020) was used in this study. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the prognostic variables; prognostic models using five ML algorithms were constructed to predict the 5-year survival rates. A validation method incorporating the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to validate the accuracy and reliability of ML models. Also, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. ResultsThis study's sample included 645 patients. The most common primary site for ACC was the hard palate, followed by the cheek mucosa. Survival rates varied across treatment groups, with the highest rates observed in patients who underwent surgery only. ML models revealed that the most significant prognostic factors were age, metastasis, and surgery. ConclusionsThis study contributes evidence and knowledge to the limited literature on ACC and emphasizes the importance of adjuvant radiotherapy. This study highlights that metastasis and age are key prognostic factors. Furthermore, the developed ML-based web tool offers a novel approach for the personalized prognosis of these rare cancer types.

Context counts: Unveiling the impact of achievement level on teachers’ text assessment

BackgroundTeachers' assessments of student writing proficiency are essential for adaptive instruction and providing feedback. However, studies have revealed a lack of objectivity in text quality ratings of the same text in different contexts, although texts of identical quality should receive identical teacher judgments. AimsOur two studies – one experimental and one more ecologically valid – address whether the achievement level impacts teachers’ individual text assessments even when relevant explicit criteria are used. SamplesIn Study 1, participants were 102 student teachers from a university in Germany. In Study 2, participants were 136 student teachers and 91 experienced teachers from Germany. MethodsIn Study 1, participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Student teachers in the high-achievement level group assessed three high-quality texts and one standard text with average quality. Student teachers in the low-achievement level group assessed three low-quality texts and the same standard text with average quality. Participants in Study 2 assessed ten texts randomly drawn from a large corpus. ResultsThe comparison of the standard text in Study 1 showed that student teachers in the high-level achievement group assessed it more negatively on a holistic scale and three analytic scales compared to the low-level achievement group. Multi-level data analysis in Study 2 revealed a negative influence of the quality of the achievement level on the text assessment for experienced and for student teachers. ConclusionsWe discuss how the achievement level can bias teachers’ judgments of specific student performances when concrete assessment criteria should be used.

Clarifying the place of p300 in the empirical structure of psychopathology over development.

Psychophysiology can help elucidate the structure and developmental mechanisms of psychopathology, consistent with the Research Domain Criteria initiative. Cross-sectional research using categorical diagnoses indicates that P300 is an electrocortical endophenotype indexing genetic vulnerability to externalizing problems. However, current diagnostic systems' limitations impede a precise understanding of risk. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) overcomes these limitations by delineating reliable dimensions ranging in specificity from broad spectra to narrow syndromes. The current study used a HiTOP-aligned approach to clarify P300's associations with a higher-order externalizing factor versus syndrome-specific manifestations within externalizing and internalizing spectra during middle and late adolescence. Participants from the Minnesota Twin Family Study's Enrichment Sample contributed psychophysiological and clinical data at age 14 (N = 930) and follow-up clinical data at age 17 (N = 913). Blunted target P300 at age 14 was selectively associated with externalizing as manifested at age 17 at the superspectrum level (rather than specific externalizing syndromes). Unlike in prior work, target P300 amplitude was positively associated with age 17 depressive symptoms (once controlling for standard stimuli). No association was observed with lifetime symptoms of childhood externalizing or depression evident by age 14. The results indicate that blunted target P300 elucidates specific risk for the development of late-adolescent/young-adult expressions of general externalizing, over and above symptoms evident by middle adolescence. Additionally, the findings speak to the synergistic utility of studying HiTOP-aligned dimensions using multiple measurement modalities to build a more comprehensive understanding of the development of psychopathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).