Samarkand Region Research Articles

XIX АСРНИНГ ИККИНЧИ ЯРМИ -XX АСР БОШЛАРИДА САМАРҚАНД ВИЛОЯТ СТАТИСТИКА ҚЎМИТАСИ ФАОЛИЯТИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of the Samarkand Regional Statistics Committee in the second half of the XIX -early XX centuries. Statistical committees and departments established in the second half of the 19th century in the province of Turkestan and all regions to study the socio-economic, political and cultural life of the country, compile statistical reports and collections, as well as consolidate the colonial policy of the empire. The article analyzes the data of the Statistics Committee and the Department of Samarkand region.

Activity Concentrations Of Environmental Samples Collected In Samarkand Region Of Uzbekistan

The results of the investigations of the activity concentration of natural radionuclides in certain building materials and foodstuff samples obtained from the Nurabad district of the Samarkand region of Uzbekistan are presented. The gamma radiation spectra of the samples were measured in Marinelli beaker geometry on γ- spectrometer with a Ge(Li) detector and energy resolution 6% on the 1332 keV line of 60Co. A personal computer and standard computer programs were used to accumulate and process the spectra. The characteristic density of the samples ranged from 140 to 1810 g/l. The activity concentration of 40K was observed to be comparatively higher than that of both 226Ra and 232Th in all the studied samples. The results reveal that the low activity of 137Cs in the samples is attributed due to its half-life decay period.

Флора и ее анализ. Гидрофильные растения разнотипных водоемов Самаркандской области (Узбекистан)

Aquatic and coastal aquatic plants are one of the most important components of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, at present, much attention is paid to the issues of rational use and development of the country's inland water bodies. Together with phytoplankton, this group of plants participates in the trophic cycle of biocenosis, providing various stages of the links of the food chain with appropriate products. For example, the plants of reservoirs serve as food for representatives of different taxonomic groups of animals, mollusks, crustaceans, insects, fish, birds and mammals. With moderate overgrowing of water bodies, favorable conditions are formed for the development of the phytophilous fauna of invertebrates. The flora of higher aquatic and coastal plants of the Samarkand region has not yet been fully studied. The species composition was not studied, taxonomic and floristic analysis was not carried out. In addition, it is very rare to find detailed information about the use of aquatic plants in the national economy, information about useful species and rare species common in this territory. The article presents the results of research on the study of aquatic and coastal plants of reservoirs of the Samarkand region. It was revealed that 72 species of aquatic and coastal plants, which belong to 51 genera, 34 families and 5 classes, grow in reservoirs of various types on the territory of the Samarkand region. Representatives of the families Potamogetonaceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Polygonaceae make up 43% of the total number of plants of this group growing in the studied region. In terms of life forms, about 12.5% (9 species) are annuals, and 77.8% (56 species) are perennials. It was found that 7 species of aquatic mosses grow in the studied water bodies.

From the History of Jewish Schools in Samarkand

This article describes the activities of Jewish schools in Samarkand region during the reign of the Russian Empire on the basis of archival documents. In Turkestan, the views and policies of the Russian government on Jewish education have been objectively assessed on the basis of sources. The author cited the number of Jewish schools in the province and the number of students in them on the basis of documents. The Jewish school in Samarkand, their educational system, their features are covered. Shortcomings and achievements in the education system of the Jewish diaspora were revealed.

ESTABLISHMENT OF SOVIET POWER IN SAMARKAND AND THE BEGINNING OF THE ARMED MOVEMENT AGAINST IT

This article describes the establishment of Soviet colonialism in Turkestan, including in the Samarkand region, the insidious policy of the Bolsheviks in the country and the emergence of an armed movement against the Soviet regime. KEY WORDS: the Bolsheviks, the Soviet government, Samarkand, the countryside, the locals, the Korboshi, “basmachilik”, the Red Army.

XX asr o‘zbek adabiyotida mumtoz she’riyat an’analari

The article examines the development of the traditions of classical poetry in modern Uzbek literature. New materials show that the traditions of Eastern classical literature were consistently continued in parallel with Soviet literature in the 1920s – 1990s. Among the representatives of the Samarkand literary movement of the twentieth century, there are artists who continued a number of traditions of Uzbek classical literature, such as arrangement of the Devonian, calligraphy, calligraphy, creation of hymns of religious and philosophical content, translation, narration. Of these, the personal archives of Ibn Davlat, Ahlam, Jameh, Muradi and Wadud Mahmud are classified, and a scientific description of the sources available in the literature of this period is made. According to this classification, the authors of this period are divided into literary, historiographic and scientific sources, both by the content of the manuscripts and by the type of genre - letters and correspondence, documents and archives. For the first time, the article informs the scientific community about the authors who lived and worked in the Samarkand region, and information from their personal archives.

TREMATODE FAUNA OF MOLLUSKS OF THE KATTAKURGAN RESERVOIR OF THE SAMARKAND REGION

The paper presents research data on the fauna and qualitative composition of trematode cercaria of the families that maturate in mollusks, namely, Lymnaeidae, Planorbidae, and Physidae of the Kattakurgan Reservoir of the Samarkand Region. The work was carried out in the spring-summer and autumn time of 2017–2019 in the Kattakurgan Reservoir. There were 7510 mollusks (Lymnaeidae – 4116 specimens, Planorbidae – 2280 specimens and Physidae – 620 specimens) collected and investigated according to the known malacology methods. As our collections showed, 5 species were found here in 2017–2019 – L. auricularia, L. subdisjuncta, Costatelia acuta, Planorbis planorbis, and Anisus covexiusculus. Among them – Lymnaea auricularia and L. sudisjuncta live on the lower layers of plants, and are sometimes found on the slopes of the dam. Seven species of mollusks infected with trematode larvae were found in the examined reservoir. We found that the fauna of trematode cercaria from the studied reservoir is represented by 16 species belonging to 15 genera. The richest species diversity of cercariae in mollusks Planorbis planorbis is 6 species. Cercariae are represented by 5 species in mollusks Radix auricularia in the studied region.

Change of Meteorological Values in Autumn of Samarkand Region

Change of Meteorological Values in Autumn of Samarkand Region

Factors Determining the Regional Industrial Development and Industrial Production Potential: The Case of Samarkand Region

This article discusses the industry sector as the main factor affecting the development of our economy. It is well known that the development of industries contributes to the development of other sectors of the economy. Factors affecting the potential of industrial production were studied and analyzed using some boundary values that represent the sustainable development of the industry in the Samarkand region. Investments play an important role in the sustainable development of industry in the region. The analysis of the linear correlation between investments in fixed assets and GDP, as well as the following empirical models between gross industrial output and its factors for the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Samarkand region are presented. Conclusions are based on models.

Implementation of Foreign Experiences to Develop Wine Tourism in Samarkand Region

Tourism is one of the most significant sectors of the world economy and a catalyst to the development of the economy of both local and international markets. World Travel and Tourism Councils reported that travel and tourism made up 10.4 % of global GDP. Wine tourism has become one of the popular tourism markets for the last few decades. This article depicts the definition of wine tourism and its relation with other types of tourism. Moreover, the article analyzes statistics on world wine production and top 10 countries on wine tourism and discusses the implementation of their experiences to develop wine tourism in Samarkand region.

Assessment of Eco Tourist Potential of Recreational Places of Samarkand Region

The article covers some research data on the potential for the development of eco-tourism in recreational suburban places of the Samarkand region, in particular: Mirankul, Tepa-kul, Agalyk, Nurbulok, Amankutan, Dobusiya, Yukori Chinor, Ming Archa, Kattakurgan reservoir, Zarafshan river and others. The electronic social questionnaire Survey 123 Online of software ArcGIS from Esri was created to survey the local population of Uzbekistan on specific answers from various age groups of society. The author collected an opinion of local people about: favorite of the types of active and passive rest of the population in places of countryside rest places of the Samarkand region; the characterization of each of the presented country vacation spots was made public; the most popular time of year for going on nature in the Samarkand region; positive and negative features of specific suburban recreation areas were identified, most popular of them were matched on the map of the Samarkand region. The opinion of people about the most polluted recreation site of the Samarkand region and on possible method of penalization for vandalism and damage to flora and fauna in Uzbekistan was also revealed. All these data were processed in Excel, the statistical program SPSS, based on these data, charts, graphs and maps were compiled.

ВЕГЕТО–ҚОН ТОМИРЛАР ДИСТОНИЯ КАСАЛЛИГИНИ ЎСМИРЛАР ОРАСИДА ОЛИБ БОРИЛИШ СИФАТ КЎРСАТКИЧИНИ ТЕКШИРИШ

The article is devoted to the assessment and improvement of treatment quality of vegeto-vascular dystonia (VVD) among adolescents of central multidisciplinary polyclinic of Samarkand region. With the aim of diagnostic of such pathology from the general population of the polyclinic it has been detected adolescents and medical examination of children at the age from 10 to 14 years of age. The amount of them was 138 people (34,5%). From them boys were 40 (29%) and girls were 98 (71%). During performing of examination of 138 children in 21 (15,2%) it has been determined clinical symptoms of vegeto-vascular dystonia (VVD). These patients due to the indexes of arterial pressure we divided them into 2 groups: patients with high blood pressure and patients with low blood pressure. The appropriate treatment has been carried out according to the determined types of VVD. In the hypertonic type of VVD antihypertensive medications (betta-blockers) have been prescribed. Procedures of physiotherapy (UVR), massage and phytotherapy have been recommended for the patients of the hypotonic type of the disease.

Fiber Waste From Cotton Process Technological Processes

This article shows the changes in fiber waste from cotton processing and how it is gradual. The dust emitted in the dry-cleaning shop is only 5-7 mg/m3 of dust, less than the air in the building where the drying machines are located. This is due to the fact that high moisture is absorbed into the dryers, which prevents the separation of fine dust from the mass. The large dispersed dust, even at high humidity, was separated and was unable to disperse in the building. In the drying units, dust that comes with an atmospheric drying agent causes trouble. This dust, even with a rough dispersion, sits in the dryer along with the gas flow to the roof of the building and the ground near the drying shop. The amount of dust released is 500-600 kg/day. In the compartment, the dust emits from the air pneumatic system, which is an indispensable dust in the air drying shop, as well as the dust generated by cleaning machines. This is a powdery fiber, which contains less mineral fractions. The small fractions are composed of mostly dirty particles. Powdered air is also isolated from aspirate systems of gin suppliers, which absorb absorbed air or polluted air from pollutants. Such suction system can be included in the aspiration of the cotton distribution screw. It is established that only one cotton gin industry produces 150-350 tons of fiber per year, industry-wide waste is 5-6 tons, and 70-90% of organic waste is non-toxic. This will serve as a feedstock for the use of animal feed in the agricultural sector. Researches have been carried out to identify the amount of emissions from the ginneries at the Karasu, Mustaqillik and Ginnery factories in the Tashkent region and the Metan cotton gin enterprises in Samarkand region.

National nature-based tourism in Samarkand Region

The article analyses the data on the assessment of the potential of nature-based tourism in Samarkand Region. Esri’s ArcGIS social Survey 123 Onlinewas created for data collection and subsequent analysis in statistical programs. This method revealed vacation spots Amankutan, Agalyk, Mirankul, Tepa-kul, Nurbulok, Dobusiya, Yukori Chinor, Ming Archa, Kattakurgan Reservoir, Zarafshan river and others on the basis of opinions of representatives of local population of Uzbekistan about each location. The sociological survey identified: the most polluted vacation spots; the pros and cons of specific suburban recreation areas; popular types of active and passive suburban recreation; opinion on effective penalties for vandalism and damage to flora and fauna. Eco tourism and nature tourism should be clearly distinguished. Natural tourism is all types of tourism that use natural resources in wild or undeveloped natural areas: bird watching, forest trips, safaris, fishing, hunting, photography. It should be noted that ecotourism is distinguished by satisfying the recreational needs of visitors and hosts, for the benefit of the local population and without negative impact on the ecology of the region. “Eco” is obliged to serve for the benefit of nature, its biodiversity and ecology. Consequently, the development of ecotourism contributes to the improvement of the ecological, educational and cultural level of the state society as a whole. The recommendations for effective environment-friendly use of nature-based tourism potential of Samarkand Region of Uzbekistan are presented.

Industrial impact of industry in samarkand region

Industrial impact of industry in samarkand region

The Anatomical Structure of Leaves and Thorns Plants <i>Astragalus pterocephalus</i> Bunge, Growing in Uzbekistan

The results of a study conducted by light microscopy of the anatomical structure of the leaf and thorns of Astragalus pterocephalus growing in the natural habitat of the Amankutan Mountains of the Samarkand region (Uzbekistan) are presented. The following diagnostic features were identified: leaf—isolateral-palisade type of mesophyll leaf; thick-walled outer walls of the epidermis; the outline of epidermal cells is rectilinear, the projection is polygonal; amphystomatic leaves; submerged numerous stomata of hemiparacitic and anomocytic type; chlorophyll-bearing palisade and spongy parenchyma; closed collateral type of vascular bundles and more sclerified, due to sclerenchymal cells. Thorn—parenchymal-beam type of structure; thin-walled outer walls of the epidermis; under the epidermis is a lamellar collenchyma; closed collateral type of vascular bundles and more sclerified, due to sclerenchymal cells. The complex of the above features reflects the species specificity of the structure of the leaf and spines. Identified and described features that can be used in the taxonomy of the studied tribes and can serve to identify plant materials.

Taxonomic Analysis of the Hydrophilic Flora of the Samarkand Region (Uzbekistan)

Taxonomic Analysis of the Hydrophilic Flora of the Samarkand Region (Uzbekistan)

Experience and Possibilities of Effectively Utilizing the Energy Resources of the Dargom–Taligulyan Water and Energy Tract: Part II

This article examines the possibility of improving the energy efficiency of small advanced hydropower plants planned for construction on the operated multipurpose water–power tract in the Samarkand region. The variability of changes in the capacity generated monthly during the year and in the amounts of electricity generated by such small-scale hydropower plants (HPPs) as the Shaudar and Bagishamal power plants of the water-and-power path is numerically analyzed and found out to be 7.2 and 6.0 MW, respectively. A significant difference in the energy performance of the hydropower plants is discovered in their developed capacity and amount of electricity generated in winter–spring, summer, and autumn–winter. To equalize the fluctuations in the developed capacity produced by small hydropower plants, the expediency of using the energy of mountain-valley winds of the surface (up to 60–70 m) layers of the atmosphere in the zone of the water–power path is justified, including the possibility of creating integrated hydropower and wind power plants. This is based on a joint analysis of the regimes of watercourses and wind flows, which showed their complementarity during their minima and maxima. Numerical studies have allowed estimating the average monthly amount of electricity generated by 60, 250, 500, and 750 kW windmills of different types when installed at different heights above the Earth’s surface; the average daily runtime by months, the average monthly runtime duration and continuous downtime. The data from the numerical studies of the operation of the windmills have allowed justifying the expediency of creating energy–generation systems with mutually complementary operation modes of HPPs and WPPs with different variants of using windmills of particular capacity at different altitudes. The necessary area of the territory for placing windmills to create WPPs with a capacity commensurate with the capacity of advanced small hydropower plants is estimated.

Prevalence of Intestinal Helminth Infections in Dogs and Two Species of Wild Animals from Samarkand Region of Uzbekistan.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminth parasitic infections and associated risk factors for the human infection among the people of Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Infection status of helminths including Echinococcus granulosus was surveyed in domestic and wild animals from 4 sites in the Samarkand region, Uzbekistan during 2015–2018. Fecal samples of each animal were examined with the formalin-ether sedimentation technique and the recovery of intestinal helminths was performed with naked eyes and a stereomicroscope in total 1,761 animals (1,755 dogs, 1 golden jackal, and 5 Corsac foxes). Total 658 adult worms of E. granulosus were detected in 28 (1.6%) dogs and 1 (100%) golden jackal. More than 6 species of helminths, i.e., Taenia hydatigena, Dipylidium caninum, Diplopylidium nolleri, Mesocestoides lineatus, Toxocara canis, and Trichuris vulpis, were found from 18 (1.0%) dogs. Six (T. hydatigena, Toxascaris leonina, Alaria alata, Uncinaria stenocephala, D. caninum, and M. lineatus) and 2 (D. nolleri and M. lineatus) species of helminths were also detected from 5 Corsac foxes and 1 golden jackal, respectively. Taeniid eggs were found in 2 (20%) out of 10 soil samples. In the present study, it was confirmed that the prevalences of helminths including E. granulosus are not so high in domestic and wild animals. Nevertheless, the awareness on the zoonotic helminth infections should be continuously maintained in Uzbekistan for the prevention of human infection.

Turkiy yozma yodgorliklar tilidagi so‘zlarning o‘zbek shevalarida qo‘llanishi

In this article the research works through the learning the Uzbek dialect and its contents, the successful results are noted, and the published research works and the dictionaries about the dialect lexics are defined.Some of the Uzbek dialects are not learned enough, some of them does not researched till today. In this research work some words and terms where used in Khatirchi, Nurota in Navoi regions, as well as, the northern parts of the Samarkand region: Kushrabot, Narpay, Ishtihan are discussed which belongs to Uzbek literal language.The words of ‘torkunlamoq’, ‘tevana’ are commented to the meaning, and etymology. These words’ forms are analyzed through the ‘Devonu lugotit turk’ written by M.Koshgariy, ‘Shaybaniyname’ written by M.Salih and today’s standart language and dialects. It is also attended to find the same form other relative languages.