Samara Volga Region Research Articles

Multidisciplinary approach to the study of Neolithic pottery technology (based on the materials of the Luzhki II site)

The excavations of a new Neolithic site in the Samara Volga region, conducted by archaeologists of Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education in 2020–2023, yielded numerous ceramic materials, a comprehensive analysis of which is currently being conducted. The results of the technical and technological analysis of ceramics according to the method of A.A. Bobrinsky and the specifics of the geographical location of the Luzhki II site led to the appeal to more detailed methods of study. In addition to archaeological (morphological grouping of vessels, typology, technical and technological analysis of ceramics based on binocular microscopy, tracology and physical modeling), the methods of geology (petrography, X-ray phase analysis) and paleosolvology were used in the study. The results of the multidisciplinary approach to the study of Neolithic pottery technology are presented in this article. They suggested that a small site without stationary dwellings could be used as a seasonal place for making household utensils (in addition to the usual hunting and fishing activities). As a result of the technical and technological analysis of pottery ceramics of the Luzhki II site, a significant proximity of the pottery traditions of the population groups who left different ceramic complexes was revealed, which indicates the simultaneity of their existence in this area and active mixing processes. The archaization of the potters' ideas about plastic raw materials is noted – a return to more archaic methods: the share of the use of silt in the production of post-Yelshan ceramic complex lot is 82%; pricked – 75%; combed – 89%; «mixed» group – 83%. From the point of view of the historical and cultural approach, such a result could arise only because of the appearance in the southern Middle Volga of new groups of Neolithic population with archaic ideas about raw materials.

Toponymic Area of the Erzya Bagana Village, Samara Region: Lexical- Semantic and Structural-Comparative Analysis

The article presents a lexical and semantic analysis of the toponymy of the Erzya Bagana village in Shentalinsky district of the Samara region. The obtained results are compared with the materials of the author’s research in other villages of the Mordva of Shentalinsky district, in the Erzya settlements of the Samara Volga region, as well as with the data on the Erzya dialects of other territories of the settlement of the Mordva-Erzya. The Shentala ethnoterritorial group of Mordvins includes the Erzya population of the villages of Bagana, Staroe Surkino, Novoe Surkino, Vasilevka, Senkino. The toponymy of the Bagana village and its environs has not yet been subjected to a comprehensive study, at the same time, such work should be intensified, since modern demographic processes contribute to the rapid disappearance of microtoponymy of rural settlements. To carry out a lexical and semantic analysis of the Bagana toponymy in order to identify its characteristic features and, at the same time, common features with the Erzya toponymy of other territories. The research materials were collected in the Bagana village during the 2021 field season with the help of G.M. Kert’s questionnaire developed specifically for the Finno-Ugric languages. When working on the collected material, lexico-semantic and comparative types of analysis were used. As a result of the conducted research, 31 toponymic units and a cluster of geographical vocabulary of the Bagana dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language were introduced into scientific circulation, the main characteristics of the toponymic space of Bagana were revealed, which allowed for its comparative analysis with other Erzya toponymic spaces. The toponymic space under study reflects both the peculiarities of the Bagana dialect and the features of nomination and semantics of geographical names characteristic of the Shentala Mordva. In general, this toponymic space reveals common features with the toponymy that we find in villages with a significant proportion of the Erzya population in the Samara Volga region at the present stage: most names come from the Erzya and Russian languages, hybrid Erzya-Russian and Russian-Erzya names are also found in the toponymy, the main markers of the Erzya toponymic area are: the dual urban system of Alo pe – Vere pe, the formula of toponyms typical of Mordvins is “definable + appellative”.

Memorial Complex of the Second Half of the 7th–8th Centuries at the Hillfort Near the Village of Gora Uslan

The author discusses the structure which is stone mound. Inside it the remains of a campfire were found containing a complex of finds. The object was found on the hillfort near the village of Gora Uslan, located on the left bank of the Upa River, within the boundaries of the city of Tula. Due to the absence of human remains, this complex does not belong to burial sites, but is associated with memorial rites. On the basis of analogies, the complex of finds can be dated to the second half of the 7th–8th century. The buckle from the campfire has analogies in the mordovian burial grounds. The find of a miniature handmade jug is connected with the steppe antiquities. The handmade vessel found at the foothill of the mound is close to “Sakhnovka” type materials. Similar objects on the territory of the Oka-Don watershed and adjacent regions are not known. Structurally and functionally the most similar constructions are known in nomadic antiquities of the Samara Volga region of the 7th–8th centuries. The cultural syncretism of the published complex demonstrates of complicated the ethno-cultural situation in the region during the second half of the 7th –8th centuries.

Age and sex structure of the population of the Srubnaya culture in the late bronze age (on the materials from the Samara Volga region)

The demographic structure of the population is reconstructed on the basis of 866 sex and age definitions of the skeletons of the late Bronze Srubnaya culture of the Samara Volga region. The historiographical information on this aspect of paleopopulations life in the region is given. The analysis of the materials of the early and developed stages of this culture is carried out both on the basis of traditional approaches and using the principal component analysis of multidimensional statistics. There is a high mortality rate of the childrens share of the population of the Srubnaya culture, approximate equality in the maintenance of representatives of both sexes, a somewhat longer life expectancy of the male part of the population. These characteristics are relatively close to those of the carriers of the Potapovka culture type who lived in the region in the previous time and sharply differ from the demographic indicators of the Yamnaya culture tribes of the early and Middle Bronze Age, leading a mobile cattle-breeding type of economy. In this line of historical ties, the early Srubnaya culture groups by gender and age structure, taking into account the presence of their settlement monuments, already represent a relatively settled population, with the development of domestic cattle breeding. At the developed stage of the existence of the Srubnaya culture, there is a slight decrease in the overall infant mortality, and especially among adolescents, the overall demographic indicators are more stable. Apparently, this is the time of the maximum adaptation to the natural conditions of the forest-steppe Volga region, the time of the use of their resources for the life support of the population.

Book Collection Inventories of the Church Parish of the Village Usolye on Volga as a Historical and Book Source of the XVII Century

Book collections of parish churches represent a special phenomenon of the Russian book culture. Despite of the fact that these collections were, as a rule, small and performed a purely liturgical function, their careful study expands our ideas about the culture and life of the Orthodox population, about the ways of distributing handwritten and printed books. This topic is of particular importance for the analysis of the ethno-confessional policy of the Russian state in the XVI–XVII centuries in the annexed territories of the Volga region, the Urals and Siberia. The sources for the study of parish libraries in the period under review are not only the books themselves, but also the records of management materials. Within the study of the book culture of the Middle Volga region of the XVII century, we have identified previously unpublished lists of books in two inventories of the church parish of the village of Usolye. It was established at the south-eastern borders of the Russian state. (The village currently belongs to the Shigonsky district of the Samara region.) These documents are the only currently known inventories of the church library of the XVII century on the territory of the Samara Volga region. The purpose of this article is to introduce the identified book lists into scientific circulation as a result of their reading and analysis. Of scientific relevance is the discovery of new regional historical and book sources, as well as the consideration of the mechanisms of formation of parish book collections, the study of their repertoire. Formally, the collection in Usolye is a typical book collection, but for a border village of the XVII century it is unique with a large number of books and the predominance of printed copies in it.

The study of the influence of fertilizers and growth regulators on the peculiarities of the formation of soybean seed yield in the conditions of the Samara Volga region

The study of fertilizers and growth regulators in non–irrigated conditions was carried out in 2018-2020 on the basis of the Volga NIISS branch of the SamSC RAS. On average, over the years of study, there is a positive effect on the seed productivity of inoculants, growth stimulants, and complex fertilizers. Based on the analysis of indicators of productivity elements and yield data, it was found that the maximum productivity in the experiment was provided by the option with seed treatment + two–time treatment for vegetation with the addition of Mival – Agro in the budding phase - 1.95 t/ ha, which is 29.1% higher than the control. The greatest effectiveness of the preparations used was expressed in an increase in the yield of beans by 38.7%, the weight of seeds from 1 plant – 54.2%, the productivity of nodes by 44.1%, branches – 36.4%. Option 2 and 3 allowed to increase the seed yield from 1.67 to 1.78 t/ha compared to the control. The option with seed treatment with an inoculant was at the control level on average over the years of research.

СЛУЧАЙНАЯ НАХОДКА БРОНЗОВОГО НАВЕРШИЯ БУЛАВЫ ЗОЛОТООРДЫНСКОГО ПЕРИОДА В САМАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The purpose of the publication is to introduce into scientific circulation information about the bronze pommel of the mace, accidentally found in the valley of the Samara River near the village of Guards of the Samara region. The mace belongs to a relatively rare type of melee weapon, which in the epochs of antiquity and the Middle Ages often acted simultaneously as a symbol of power. The pommel of a mace from the vicinity of the village of Gvardeytsy is the first and so far the only find of this type of weapon in the Samara Volga region, dating back to the period of the Mongol domination in the steppes of Eurasia, and from this point of view, undoubtedly deserves the attention of specialists both in the field of weapons history and in the field of studying the history of the Golden Horde as a whole. This work is the first in a series of upcoming publications devoted to the materials of the Golden Horde period from the territory of the Samara region. This series will complement the characteristics of the Zolotordyn monuments of the Samara Volga region, in comparison with other regions (Myskov, 2015, p. 117).

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ОРУДИЙ И ОРУЖИЯ СРУБНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ В САМАРСКОМ ПОВОЛЖЬЕ

The article is devoted to the analysis of metal tools and weapons from burials and settlements of the timber-grave culture in the Samara Volga region. The author considers approaches to attributing tools and weapons made of metal as remnants of the early (Pokrovsky) or classical (developed) stages of the timber-grave culture. Jewelry items, ceramics and bone implements are not considered in this work. The research is based on the study of burials and settlements of the timber-grave culture, as well as random finds. In total, the author takes into account materials obtained from the 1920s until 2023 as a result of studying 120 burial mounds, 329 burials of the early (Pokrovsky) stage and 34 burial mounds, 387 burials of the classical (developed) stage of the timber-grave culture, as well as materials from the settlements of both Pokrovsky and developed stages, and sites with uncertain periodization on the territory of the Samara Volga region. The author used methods of comparative analysis, mathematical data processing, and mapping.

Assessment of the quality of winter soft wheat varieties in the Volga region

The results of research on ordinary chernozem in the grain-steam crop rotation to identify new promising varieties with high grain quality for modern technologies of cultivation of winter soft wheat in the arid conditions of the Samara Volga region are presented. Under contrasting weather conditions for 2019-2021, when testing 17 varieties, the maximum average grain yield was formed by the varieties Marathon, Basis, Blizzard, Kalach 60, Pearl of the Volga region, Scepter, Malachite, Alternative, Novoershovskaya – 4.38-4.60 t/ha. On average, during the three years of testing, the varieties Svetoch – 49 g, Malachite, Volga 86 by 41 g, Saratov 17 – 785 g/l, Bezenchuk 380 – 783 g/l, Basis – 780 g/l and Severodonetsk jubilee – 779 g/l were distinguished by the weight of 1000 grains. In terms of protein content in grain for the same period, the highest values were found in the varieties Volga 86 and Volga niva by 15.2%, Bezenchukskaya 380 and Blizzard by 15.0%, in terms of gluten content – Severodonetsk jubilee, Saratov 17, Turquoise – 32.1-33.8%. On average, in two years, the Blizzard variety stood out in terms of the indicator. The remaining varieties showed the second class of gluten quality. Correlation analysis established a direct relationship between the mass of 1000 seeds and nature with yield (r=0.54-1.00) and the reverse with protein and gluten content (r= - 0.55 to -1.00). Based on the conducted research, when cultivating winter soft wheat in the arid conditions of the Volga region, the most promising varieties with high yield and grain quality are Marathon, Kalach 60, Blizzard, Basis, Malachite Severodonetsk jubilee.

Early Medieval burial complex of the burial mound of Maslennikovo I in the Samara Volga region

This paper is devoted to the publication of materials obtained during the study of the burial of the early Middle Ages in the burial mound Maslennikovo I. This necropolis is located in the steppe southwestern part of the Samara Trans-Volga region. The excavated mound 1 was built in the Bronze Age in the process of making eight burials of this time. Burial 2, admitted into the floor of the embankment in its southern part, dates back to the Middle Ages. The burial was made in a grave pit in the shape of an elongated oval and oriented with its long axis along the NW-SE line. The buried man lay stretched out on his back with his head to the northwest. The bone of a horses leg lay at his head. Gold foil fragments, which may have been the remains of a symbolic death mask, and earrings were also found in the area of the head. The remains of a wooden object with silver plates at the edges, probably of a quiver on the chest of a deceased burial were found. The remains of a scabbard, which also had silver plates there were in the region of the pelvis and between the thigh bones. Seven silver sewn-on plaques with embossed ornaments and several poorly preserved iron objects were found in the grave. The peculiarities of the funeral rite and accompanying implements make it possible to include this complex in the number of burials attributed by researchers as Magyar (proto-Magyar, Hungarian) and to consider it as the burial of an individual integrated into the ethnocultural environment of the Hungarians of the Middle Volga region of the 9th-10th centuries.

Troitskoye 5 - a new archaeological site of the Stone-Bronze Age in the Samara Volga region

In the course of an exploratory survey of the left bank of the Chapaevka River on the territory of the Bezenchuksky District in the Samara Region in 2020-2021, a multilayer archaeological site of the Stone and Bronze Ages Troitskoye 5 was discovered. The archaeological site is located not far from the previously studied sites of Troitskoye 1 and Troitskoye 2. On the territory of the archaeological site, stratigraphic pits were laid, the boundaries were determined, and lifting material was collected. The main cultural layer of the Troitskoye 5 site belongs to the Stone Age. On the territory of the stone age site a settlement of the Srubnaya culture of the Bronze Age arose later. The paper deals with the analysis of the resulting collection of flint tools and ceramic material. It is concluded that the surveyed settlement contains cultural layers of two eras: the Stone and Bronze Ages. The absence of typical labor tools, clear stratigraphic references, and bone remains make it difficult to determine the time of the early settlement. Preliminarily, its existence can be assumed within the broad framework of the final Paleolithic-Neolithic. It is possible that the existence of at least part of the complex of stone artifacts from the settlement of Troitskoye 5 is associated with the Mesolithic era. In general, the complex of material from the Troitskoye 5 site corresponds to the materials obtained earlier during the survey of the Troitskoye 1 and Troitskoye 2 sites. The finds of the Bronze Age are represented by fragments of pottery typical of the Srubna culture of the middle of the 2nd millennium BC. The technical and technological analysis of ceramics was carried out within the framework of the historical and cultural approach, the main provisions of which were developed and introduced into scientific circulation by A.A. Bobrinsky.

Лексико-семантический анализ топонимии чувашского села Большое Алдаркино Борского района Самарской области и его окрестностей

The article deals with the inventory of toponyms of the village of Bolshoe Aldarkino, Borskii district, Samara region, introduced and analyzed for the first time by the present author. The village was founded by the descendants of Virjal Chuvash in 1767. The research database has been formed by the evidence on the toponymics of the village and its surrounding area collected by the author from locals and local historians during his field trip in 2018. Also, for a comparative analysis of the toponyms under study, he has made use of the relevant material collected by him in other Chuvash villages of the Samara Volga region in the period between 2015 and 2019; these are first of all the villages in Borskii, Pokhvistnevskii, and Isaklinskii districts. As a result, it was possible to identify the principal elements of the toponymic items of the Chuvash idiolect of Bolshoe Aldarkino, their particular forms and semantics. To illustrate, such terms as var (ravine) or oshken´(street) have peculiarities in their structure, forms, and semantics, which make them distinctly characteristic of this particular Chuvash dialect in contrast to those spoken in the neighboring Chuvash villages. Most of the names presented in the article are etymologized from the Chuvash and Russian languages, a number of toponyms are currently de-etymologized, but there are no grounds to refer them to any other language. There is no substrate layer in the toponymic space under study. Some geographical names display the features of the Virjal dialect of the Chuvash language, including Odar, Vyras Oshken, Tikhon Oshken, etc. A few geographical items of the toponymic space of Bolshoe Aldarkino have convincing lexical and semantic parallels in the toponymic spaces of other Chuvash villages in the region, as well as of other settlements of Chuvash speakers.

Regional dimension of Russian history: to the 80th anniversary of P.S. Kabytov – researcher and citizen

The article is dedicated to the anniversary of the head of the Department of Russian History of the Samara National Research University, Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation P.S. Kabytov. It analyzes the scientific achievements of the hero of the day, his social activities. On the basis of the material presented, the author made a conclusion about the phenomenon of P.S. Kabytov in modern Russian and foreign historiography from the point of view of his contribution to the study of the history of the Samara Volga region, the agrarian history, and other problems.

Shrub steppe communities in the Samara Volga Region

Shrubs are an important component of steppe vegetation. Vegetation groups dominated by or including typical steppe shrubs form so-called “shrub steppes”. The ecological-phytocenotic and floristic characteristics of the communities of shrub steppes of the Samara Volga Region are given. The analysis includes data from 41 geobotanical relevés made in 2013 – 2018. Typical communities for the region under study are formations Amygdalus nana, Caragana frutex, Cerasus fruticosa, Chamaecytisus ruthenicus, Spiraea crenata, S. hypericifolia and S. litwinowii. The highest species diversity of vascular plants was registered in phytocenoses dominated by Caragana frutex and Cerasus fruticosa, growing on fairly rich soils with medium-steppe moisture and weak influence of grazing. In these phytocenoses, on average, up to 20 species are recorded on the registration site. The results of DCA-ordination of steppe shrub communities of the Samara Volga Region are presented. It was revealed that communities with the participation of typical steppe shrubs Amygdalus nana, Spiraea crenata, Cerasus fruticosa develop more moistened ecotopes with rather rich soils compared to the other studied phytocenoses. In the studied phytocenoses, 35 rare species included in the Red Books of the Russian Federation and Samara Oblast were found. Their greatest number was recorded in phytocenoses dominated by Caragana frutex, Cerasus fruticosa and Amygdalus nana. Further study of shrub steppes in the region will reveal their syntaxonomic status and will form a comprehensive view of these communities for their effective conservation.

Materials for the Characterization of the Settlement System in the Samara Volga Region in the Golden Horde Period

Among the sites of the Golden Horde period of the Middle Volga region, a special group consists of the sites of the Samara region, which includes the Samara Luka of the Volga and the basins of the Usa, Samara, Kinel, and Sok rivers. The analysis of the topography of the sites in the context of the natural and geographical characteristics of the area under consideration allowed us to determine its territorial structure. Based on the features of settlement placement, a zonal zoning model is proposed for the right-bank and left-bank sections of the Samara Volga region. On the territory of the righ-bank district, three microdistricts are allocated: 1) Usa microdistrict;, 2) microdistrict of the inner part of the Samara Luka; 3) microdistrict of the Syzranka River basin. In the left-bank, taking into account the modern data of the territory, six microdistricts can be distinguished. 1) Northern на trans-Volga microdistrict located in the northern zone close to the bank of the Volga River; 2) Samara-Volga microdistrict, including sites of the mouth of the Samara River, Sok, the bank of the Volga River; 3) Sok microdistrict, sites are located along the bed of the Sok and Kondurcha rivers; 4) Kinel microdistrict, sites are located along the river Bolshoi Kinel to the confluence with the Samara River; 5) Samara steppe microdistrict in the eastern zone of the region under consideration; 6) Southern trans-Volga microdistrict. Each microdistrict is characterized by a corresponding supporting framework of settlement, which is associated with the peculiarities of the functioning of sites.

The inventory of vegetation cover of small river valleys in the north-east of the Samara Region

The study covered 10 small rivers in the North-Eastern part of the Samara Volga region. The author studied the vegetation cover, which is understood as a set of phytocoenoses and their constituent plant species. On the territory of Pokhvistnevsky District, there are two groups of river valleys that are heterogeneous in geobotanical terms. The first group includes the rivers with forested valleys (Kutlugush, Murakla, Karmalka). Their slopes are more or less symmetrical and steep. The vegetation cover of an undeveloped floodplain is usually uniform, and there is usually no belt. The valleys of the second group are treeless; their slopes are sharply asymmetrical (Amanak, Tergala, Talkish). The right-bank tributary of the Maly Kinel River the Lozovka River with its length of 20 km and the left tributary Kuvayka River with its length of 16 km were studied on the territory of Kinel-Cherkassky District. The Padovka and Zaprudka rivers and the right tributaries of the Bolshoi Kinel River (Kinelsky District) were also studied. The most common associations are (Salix fragilis heteroherbosa, Scirpus sylvaticus purum, Agrostis stolonifera Amoria repens, Elytrigia repens + Poa angustifolia heteroherbosa). In total, 19 types of phytocoenoses were noted, 4 of them are found in half of the studied rivers. In the plant communities of small river valleys there are 232 species of higher wild plants, which belong to 139 genera from 48 families. This is 60% of the total number of higher plants registered in the flora of small river valleys of the Samara Region. Rare protected plant species are registered here: Adonis volgensis Steven ex DC., Cacalia hastata L., Delphinium cuneatum Stev. ex DC., Globularia punctata Lapeyr.

Geographical lexicon of the konovalovsky dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language

The article introduces into scientific circulation and analyzes the geographical lexicon of the Erzya-Mordovian dialect of the village of Konovalovka in the Borsky district of the Samara region. The content of this lexical cluster of the konovalovsky dialect is compared with the lexemes of the respective clusters of other Mordovian dialects of the Samara region and other territories. The analysis is carried out taking into account the Zavolzhsky period of the history of speakers of this dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language, the natural and geographical conditions of their residence, and the ethno-linguistic environment. The study revealed a number of common isoglosses of the geographical terminology of the konovalovsky dialect with the corresponding terminology of other Mordovian dialects of the region, primarily those that are related to villages founded before the beginning of the XVIII century. The composition of geographical vocabulary of konovalovsky dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language, in general, is typical of Erzya Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region — it retains Erzya-Mordovian terms for the designation of forests, ravines, mountains, fields, occurring also in the vast majority of Erzya dialects, as in the Samara Volga region and beyond. A number of geographical terms that exist in the konovalovsky dialect are unique for the Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region and are not found anywhere else in the region, in any of the meanings. The work is based on the author’s materials obtained during field research in 2015–2019.

Географическая лексика и топонимия старошенталинского говора эрзя-мордовского языка

This article analyzes the geographical lexicon circulating in the Staroshentalinsky dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language and the toponymic nomenclature of the village of Staraya Shentala in the Shentala district of the Samara region and its surroundings. Staroshentalinsky dialect belongs to the group of Mordovian dialects of the Samara region, characterized by a significant number of lexical archaisms in particular in the geographical vocabulary. Thus, a number of geographical terms that remain to this day in the dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian population of Staraya Shentala are contained in the oldest known Mordovian lexicographic monuments - the “List of Mordovian words” from the work “Northern and Eastern Tartary” by the Dutch researcher N. Witsen, which dates back to the second half of the 17th century. Vocabulary of the Staroshentalinsky dialect of the Erzya-Mordvin language shows the greatest affinity with the dialects of Erzya and Chuvash Sura region that may indicate the historical territory of the settlement of the native Staroshentalinsky dialect speakers. The structural and comparative analysis carried out in this work has shown that, in general, the toponymic space of the village of Staraya Shentala has the most of the characteristics of the Erzya-Mordovian toponymic spaces. A number of common structural elements for the toponymic nomenclature existing in the dialect in question, with corresponding clusters in other Erzya dialects of the Samara Volga region and the Republic of Mordovia, have been identified. At the same time, a number of unique phenomena are recorded in this toponymic space: both for the Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region, and for the Mordovian toponymy as a whole. The deetymologized toponymic bases of the space under study probably go back to the Volga Turkic languages, some of them may be archaic Finno-Ugric toponyms.

Image of the Samara Volga region in the second half of the XIX – early XX century (based on the guidebooks and travel notes)

The article examines the problem of the image of Samara and the Samara region in the second half of the XIX early XX century, the face of Samara of that era, the brands of the city and the province. The author shows aspects of the sides of the image of the Samara Volga region, which were reflected and broadcast to the Russian reading public on the pages of guidebooks and essays of those times, but have not yet been covered by historians and local historians. Disclosure of these issues will allow us to judge what images of the past of the Samara Volga region existed in the Russian public consciousness of the post-reform period, what new brands of the region appeared by the beginning of the XX century. In the course of the study, the author revealed that, firstly, the images of the past region are associated mainly with the Volga freemen and the names of the famous Cossack atamans; secondly, a significant part of the brands of the Samara Volga region appeared already in the second half of the XIX early XX century: kumis therapy, large grain piers, etc. In this regard, the second suggests that the Samara Volga region in the post-reform era was only gaining its place on the mental map of Russian society.

Geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language

Introduction. The article presents the results of research of the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect, one of the Erzya-Mordovian dialects of the Samara region, common among Erzya population of Shilan village in Krasnoyarsk region. The dialect belongs to rare Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region that were formed in the region since the middle of the XIX century, and therefore its research is of extra interest. Materials and Methods. The research methods are determined by the purpose and objectives of the study. The analysis of the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect is carried out with the involvement of relevant items made in other Mordovian dialects of Samara region, adjacent territories of neighboring regions, as well as other territories of settlement of the Mordovians. Data on geographical vocabulary of the dialect introduced into research for the first time. The main source materials for the article is based on field studies in Silane village during the field seasons in 2017 and 2020, as well as in other Erzya-Mordovian and Moksha-Mordovian villages of Samara region and adjacent territories in 2015 – 2020. Results and Discussion. The study showed that the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language is significantly different from the corresponding lexical clusters in other dialects of the Mordovian region, which can be explained by natural geographical conditions surrounding Shilan village and the original composition of this lexical cluster of Erzya immigrants who founded this village. Conclusion. The analysis of the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect allowed, on the one hand, to identify specific features of this cluster that distinguish it from the corresponding materials of other Mordovian dialects of the region, and, on the other hand, to identify common isoglosses between it and a number of the Erzya-Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region.