Sales Volume Of Products Research Articles

Assessing the Contribution of Advertising on Sales Volume of Product in Tanzania: A case of Multichoice company (DStv), Mbeya

The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of advertisement on the Sales Volume of Products in Tanzania, Specifically; the study assessed the role of advertising strategy in shaping the public perception towards DStv products and the sales volume. The study employed a case study research design, with a 45 sample size, and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to efficiently collect analyse, and present data. The methods of data collection involved both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected by using questionnaires and interviews, whereas documentary review was used in the secondary method. MS Excel and simple calculations by calculator were used to analyse the data where simple frequencies and percentages were created. The findings revealed that 42% of respondents said that DStv uses radio in advertising its products, 31% by using workshops and promotion, 18 use TV, and 9% company applied social media like Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, and TikTok. Also, the study found that 69% of respondents agreed that they are aware of the DStv products since they hear advertisements on radio and television. Furthermore, 55% said advertising plays a major role in shaping public perception towards the company’s products and services and affects sales volume at DStv Company. The researcher therefore recommended that the administration of DStv Company pay attention to advertising strategies for the sake of embracing market share, goodwill, profitability as well as sales of the company.

Building a Macroeconomic Simulator with Multi-Layered Supplier–Customer Relationships

This study constructs an agent-based model suitable for analyzing the propagation of economic shocks based on a macroeconomic agent-based model structure that covers major economic entities. Instead of setting an upstream and downstream structure of firms in the inter-firm networks, our model includes a mechanism that connects each firm through supplier–customer relationships and incorporates interactions between firms mutually buying and selling intermediate input materials. It is confirmed through the proposed model’s simulation analysis that, although a firm’s sales volume temporarily falls due to an economic shock of the type that causes a sharp decline in households’ final demand, the increase in assets held by households as they refrain from spending rather expands their capacity for consumption. As a result, after the economic shock ceases to exist, the firm’s sales volume tends to be even greater than that of the preceding periods of the shock. Furthermore, we found that when the sales volume of products in a final consumer goods sector falls during the shock, the falls in sales in the non-final consumer goods sectors are suppressed due to replacement demand, and the increase in sales volume for the non-final consumer goods sectors is moderated after the shock ceases to exist.

Evaluation of business profitability indicators as an indicator of the efficiency of sales activities of pharmaceutical enterprises

The article defines that today the main tool that determines the results and effectiveness of any organization is an effective system of sales activity, which includes both the main interacting elements and the methods based on which the sales organization takes place. Estimating the business profitability of pharmaceutical enterprises makes it possible to quickly react to changes occurring in the surrounding enterprises, which affect the effectiveness of sales activities. It was also noted that the modern sales system needs constant improvement based on the assessment of business profitability indicators. The main factors that affect the profitability of pharmaceutical enterprises are considered, it is the timely determination of the influence of external and internal factors that will make it possible to predict threats and realize the opportunities of the enterprise. and the expediency of determining their impact on profitability is substantiated. It was determined that the assessment of business profitability should be carried out using indicators of the level of profitability, which make it possible to determine the profitability of the enterprise from various positions and are formed in accordance with the interests of market subjects, market exchange. It is advisable to evaluate the profitability of the products sold using the following indicators: gross profitability of the products sold, operating profitability of the products sold, and net profitability of the products sold. The conducted assessment of the profitability of pharmaceutical enterprises made it possible to determine that for further, successful sales activities, pharmaceutical enterprises should focus on maintaining profitability indicators, due to rapid response to changes occurring around the enterprise. Timely response to changes in the company's profitability will help to significantly minimize the impact of adverse factors in conditions of business instability. Reserves for increasing the profitability of pharmaceutical enterprises can be an increase in the volume of product sales, a decrease in the cost of products sold a decrease in sales and administrative costs. Keywords: sales activity, profitability, profitability, product realization, pharmaceutical enterprises, profitability assessment, effectiveness of sales activity.

УПРАВЛІННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЮ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА НА ОСНОВІ ТОВАРНОЇ ІННОВАЦІЇ

Nowadays of economic development, the problem of increasing the competitiveness of enterprises is becoming particularly urgent. This is explained by the increase in the intensity of development of all processes of the economic environment, the change in factors influencing the external environment as a result of the growth of globalization processes, and the increase in the risk of foreign economic activity. Achieving a competitive position on the market is the main task of the enterprise, as it proves the increase in the volume of product sales, the reduction of non-productive expenses and the improvement of the efficiency of the expenses incurred, the formation of intellectual and personnel potential, high investment and innovation activity and financial stability. Therefore, being competitive for an enterprise means operating on the market, making a profit, and performing fiscal and social functions before the state. The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the issues of competitiveness management and develop recommendations for improving the competitiveness management of the analyzed enterprise. In order to achieve the set goal, the following tasks were solved in the article: the study of the theoretical foundations of the competitiveness of the enterprise; analysis of the activity of the analyzed enterprise; development and substantiation of measures to manage the competitiveness of the analyzed enterprise. The object of the study is the process of managing the competitiveness of the enterprise. The subject of the research is theoretical, scientific-methodical and practical aspects of managing the competitiveness of the enterprise. To achieve the goal, methods of scientific knowledge, analysis and synthesis, methods of comparison and generalization were used. When performing the work, a systemic approach was used, which involves considering the analyzed enterprise as an open system consisting of a set of interdependent elements united to achieve a defined goal under the conditions of the influence of the external environment. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the development of recommendations for managing the competitiveness of the analyzed enterprise.

Chaotic Behaviors in a Nonlinear Game of Two-Level Green Supply Chain with Government Subsidies

In this paper, a two-level green supply chain composed of a manufacturer and a retailer is taken as the background. Considering the consumer’s double consumption preference and the manufacturer’s green product R&D investment, a differential game model of the green supply chain under the government cost subsidy strategy is constructed. Firstly, the equilibrium points of the system are solved and their stability is discussed and analyzed. Secondly, the dynamic evolution process of Nash equilibrium under the parameters of green degree, green preference coefficient, retail channel preference coefficient, coefficient of the sensitivity of price, and adjustment speed are described by numerical simulation. The results show that the two ways of a system entering chaos are Flip bifurcation and N-S bifurcation, respectively, by 2D bifurcation graph, and it is also verified in 1D bifurcation diagram. When the bifurcation parameters are small, the system maintains Nash equilibrium stability. If the green degree of products is increased, the green preference coefficient will also increase; on the contrary, the retail preference coefficient will decrease. Research and development cost subsidy policy can effectively improve the green degree of products and increase the sales volume of products, so as to improve the profit of supply chain members.

The Application and Psychology of Color in Food Packaging Design

Food packaging design plays an essential part in packaging field. The quality and level of food packaging design from one side can reflect the social development in a country. Food packaging design is a indispensable procedure in the process of food packaging, which has a direct influence on the sales volume of product. In the study, color as the most visual expressive designing language in food packaging, is able to satisfy people’s different psychological feelings, such as soft and hard, taste. With the improvement of aesthetic level in food packaging of people, food manufacturers are supposed to highlight the color design in food packaging.

Unethical Practices of Advertising in Bangladesh: A Case Study on Some Selective Products

Ethics is the code of conduct of Business. It is a highly significant considerable issue in case of any advertising. But the uses or degree of competition of unethical practices of advertising are increasing in Bangladesh than the before. Most of the multinational, global and local companies use some unethical and misleading advertising to increase their immediate sales volume of products by providing untruthful and over colored information about their products qualities and ingredients. For this reason, standard and branded companies can’t achieve customer’s satisfaction and their desired goal. The present study attempts to make the customer awareness regarding unethical practices of advertising in Bangladesh. Beside the study examines the status of unethical practices of adverting in Bangladesh and identify the ways of overcoming the problems of unethical practices. In this study, seven (7) identified products of different companies which are involved with unethical practices of advertising have been selected as a sample. Qualitative techniques are gathered and presented in a descriptive way. In Bangladesh maximum companies are not following the proper ethical standards in advertising and unable to maintaining the Consumer Rights. For this reason, consumers are deceived due to false and unrealistic advertising copy. Informative, truthful, creative, effective, realistic, beautiful and social advertising makes a good effect on the socio economic condition of any country.

External Appearance and Internal Decoration Design of Loader Based on Eye Tracker

In today’s marketplace, external appearance and internal decoration become an increasingly important factor that affecting sales volume of product. Moreover, for loaders, the external appearance and decoration of the cab may influence the driver’s comfort both visually and mentally. In order to find out how it works, we divided the experimental subjects into professional group and nonprofessional group and used eye tracker to record subjects’ responses (eye movements) to the pictures of the loader, and then analyzed these responses with the eye tracker build-in analyzing software. The results show that the professional are more interested in functional parts and the nonprofessionals are more likely to be influenced by appearance shape and color; the instrument panel is less attracted during the whole experiments.

A fuzzy multi-criteria evaluation method for designing fashion oriented industrial products

In this paper, we present a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making method for evaluating a set of fashion oriented industrial products in order to design new products meeting specific market requirements. Human perceptions at two levels (basic product perception and complex fashion perception), evaluated by a group of evaluators, have been integrated into the related evaluation procedure. For a specific product, the three first fuzzy evaluation criteria are its conformity degrees related to the specific consumer's requirement in fashion themes, basic product perception and functional properties. The degree of conformity between the basic product perception and the complex fashion perception, and the price of the product constitute the two remaining evaluation criteria. The previous conformity degrees are formalized according to the measures of dissimilarity between products as well as dissimilarity and inclusion between different fashion themes. The weights of the evaluation criteria are linguistic variables generated from the results of market classification obtained by a parametric identification method. These weights can effectively characterize the relationship between sales volumes of products and their components (price, fashion style, physical features, and basic perception). Finally, the set of all existing products can be evaluated and ranked by aggregating the previous fuzzy evaluation criteria with linguistic weights. The proposed fuzzy multi-criteria evaluation method has been applied to select the most relevant industrial products for different markets. Moreover, as the general aggregated evaluation criterion can be considered as a quality function of design parameters (functional properties, basic and fashion complex perceptions) for a specific market, we can estimate this function by evaluating all existing products in order to design new consumer oriented products.

Isoflavones—Safe food additives or dangerous drugs?

The sales volume of products containing isoflavone has increased since the publication of the Women's Health Initiative. The many apparently contradictory results published on the effects of isoflavones on a variety of estrogen-regulated organs point to both beneficial as well as adverse effects on human health. It is of particular importance that psychovegetative climacteric complaints such as hot flushes are, if at all, only slightly influenced by isoflavones. The substances appear to have weak anti-osteoporotic effect. Their anti-atherosclerotic action is debatable, as not all authors find any beneficial effect on lipids. Most importantly, there is dispute as to whether isoflavones derived from soy or red clover have negative, positive or any effect at all on the mammary gland or endometrium. It is beyond any doubt that soy products may have cancer preventing properties in a variety of organs including the mammary gland. However, these properties may only be exerted if the developing organ was under the influence of isoflavones during childhood and puberty. This may also explain the often quoted “Japanese Phenomenon”, the fact that breast cancer occurs to a lesser extent in Japanese women. When administered to isoflavone “inexperienced” women at the time of menopause, the phytoestrogens appear to share the same effects as estrogen used in classical preparations for hormone replacement therapy, i.e. they may stimulate the proliferation of endometrial and mammary gland tissue with at present unknown and unpredictable risk to these organs. Therefore, the following question arises for the clinician: Why should soy or red clover products containing isoflavone be recommended, if the positive effects are only negligible but the adverse effects serious?