Saint Petersburg State University Research Articles

Diagnostic value of ct in examination of patients with adrenal cancer

In most cases adrenal tumours are detected by accident while performing medical imaging tests for other diseases. These findings are treated as adrenal incidentaloma. Prevalence of incidentalomas detected on CT scans is up to 4%. According to different authors, 4-12% of all adrenal tumours are adrenocortical carcinomas. As for today, the most significant medical imaging technique is CT scan with bolus IV injection of contrast agent and assessment of tumour's density. The analysis of the results of CT imaging in 67 patients with ACC was carried out according to a single protocol. The main signs characteristic of this disease are described. It is very important to evaluate typical signs of ACC on CT scans for risk assessment of ACC before surgical treatment. If malignant tumour is suspected during preoperative examination, it is extremely important to choose the right surgical treatment strategy. To evaluate the significance of CT as the main method of preoperative diagnosis in patients with malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex. Studying CT semiotics of adrenocortical cancer in a large group of patients using a single standard imaging protocol. Find the main radiological symptoms characteristic of adrenocortical cancerMATERIALS AND METHODS: Here are the results of retrospective study of CT scans performed on 67 patients with adrenocortical carcinoma who received treatment in the Department of Endocrine Surgery of Saint-Petersburg State University N.I. Pirogov Clinic of High Medical Technologies during 2012-2020. The diagnostic significance of CT in patients with ACC was assessed. The most common features of ACC: tumour heterogeneity (84.3%), tumour's size 3-9 cm (75%), signs of invasion into surrounding structures (10%), pre-contrast density above +30 HU (75%), absolute contrast washout less than 60% (68.8%), relative contrast washout less than 40% (64.6%)CONCLUSION: CT scan with IV contrast was not able to show any definitive pathognomonic signs of ACC. Nevertheless, CT scan should be performed in all patients with suspected (or confirmed using other medical imaging technique) adrenal tumour according to standard protocol. Bolus injection of contrast agent should be performed in all patients with tumour's pre-contrast density above +5 HU.

The formation of the SPSUVM Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology

The Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Saint Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine is rightly considered to be the center of veterinary pharmacology in Russia. Over the hundred years of its existence, it has made a huge contribution to the training of highly qualified specialists in the field of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology. During the existence of the department, the scientific school of its former leaders V. D. Sokolov and N. L. Andreeva has been formed and is actively developing. Years of work of the department staff in the scientific and pedagogical field have resulted in the introduction of textbooks on pharmacology, clinical pharmacology and veterinary pharmacy into the educational process of the country. Since 2005, the department has been using alternative forms of teaching students using adapted computer programs to study neurotropic drugs in more depth and detail, many of which, due to special reasons, are sharply regulated. The university was included in the list of the first universities in Russia that introduced such a progressive teaching method and was awarded at the international level.
 The message briefly describes the 100-year activity of the department. It tells about its leaders and about the progress made to date in the training of modern highly qualified specialists in the veterinary pharmacology and toxicology.

Анализ мотивации выбора технического вуза первокурсниками в период пандемии

The results of studying the motivational aspects of young people’s choice for admission to the Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications during the pandemic are presented based on processing the data from the first-year students’ annual testing. The characteristics of the respondents participating in the study are given. The areas covered by the research methodology are substantiated, and the stages of its implementation are disclosed, since testing was carried out in a delayed online mode. A detailed analysis of the results obtained is presented, some indicators of which are evaluated in relation to those of the pre-pandemic period. The main directions of the research are brought to light and substantiated. The identified negative aspects arising due to the conditions of distance learning that affect the respondents are revealed. The findings characterizing a freshman’s generalized socio-psychological portrait are presented. Recommendations on working with first-year students in a pandemic from a psychologist’s position are formulated to the university teaching staff and administration.

IN MEMORY OF GALINA EVGEN'EVNA LEBEDEVA (1935-2021), DOCTOR OF HISTORY, PROFESSOR OF SAINT PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY

This article is dedicated to memory of Doctor of History, professor of medieval history department of Saint Petersburg (Leningrad) State University Galina Evgen'evna Lebedeva (1935-2021). The article mentions the most important features of G. E. Lebedeva as a scientist and teacher, outlines the key areas of her scientific activity, describes her main works and defines her contribution to the development of Byzantine studies in Russia.

Об особенностях построения устного монолога-описанияна родном и неродном языке: начало текста (на материале описаний комикса Х. Бидструпа «Эликсир для волос»)

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the beginnings of spontaneous monologic descriptions and their peculiarities. The descriptions were recorded from 8 Russian and 20 Chinese informants when speaking in Russian, i.e. when speaking in the native and non-native language, respectively. All texts are descriptions of Herluf Bidstrup’s comic strip Elixir for Hair, which represents a series of 13 interconnected pictures telling a story of a bald man. This material is part of the corpus of Russian monologic speech created at Saint Petersburg State University and known as the Balanced Annotated Text Library (SAT). The main research method is comparative. The description of the material was performed at the levels of discourse and structure, it is provided with quantitative data and correlations with the characteristics of the informants: social characteristics – gender and the level of Russian language proficiency (for the Chinese) – and psychological characteristics (extroverts / ambiverts / introverts). The analysis of the material showed that the construction of a monologic description is determined by a number of lexical, cultural, and individual factors. The spontaneity of such a monologue is determined by the fact that the ideal three-part structure (beginning – main part – ending) is not always realized. Among the beginnings in the analyzed material, two types were identified: verbal (nominative themes, ‘fabulous-narrative’ beginning, starting pragmatic marker) and non-verbal (hesitation, paralinguistics), as well as their combinations. The most common way to indicate the beginning of a monologue for the Russian and Chinese informants was hesitation-vocalization. The Chinese prefer the verbal beginning, especially constructions with nominative themes and ‘fabulous-narrative’ beginnings, while the Russians prefer starting pragmatic markers. The results of the analysis can be useful both for colloquialistics (the theory of colloquial speech) and for the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language (linguodidactics).

Quaternary and geomorphological features of Lake Onego. Comparison with Lake Ladoga

Abstract. Lake Onego is a very important source of fresh water and traffic artery of Russian NW. In addition, it is a very significant source of paleogeographical and Quaternary geological information. Studies of geology, geomorphology, paleolimnology and ecology of Onego and Ladoga lakes are being conducted since 19th century by different institutes and research companies. At the modern stage of limnological research the most significant research centers are: Saint-Petersburg state university, Moscow state university, Limnological institute RAS, Northern Water problem institute RAS, PMGRE, VSEGEI, VNII Ocengeologia, and a lot of organizations with geology, ecology, limnology and hydrology specializations with Russian and foreign researchers. This article was written based on the results of field works conducted in 2014 - 2020. The article aimed to update the stratigraphy of Quaternary deposits of the Lake Onego bottom; describe bottom sediments and relief of Lake Onego; highlight stages of the Lake Onego bottom development according to geological and geomorphological features; compare Onego and Ladoga lakes bottom sediments and relief.

Использование современных информационных технологий для оптимизации бизнес-процессов

A web-application developed at the Department of Information Technologies of the Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, which makes it possible to optimize business processes of the active travel club, is described. The application can be categorized as business software. It allows the club's management to significantly facilitate the management of the club's management and financial accounting operations by automating of routine operations and visualization of the information necessary for making management decisions. The work was carried out according to the technical specification given by the club management. The application implements authorization and user authentication systems. Each user group has its own set of features when working with the application. The application is developed by Python programming language and Django framework. Relational data base was designed and implemented for data storage. MySQL data base management system (DBMS) is used to organize interaction with the database. A built-in analytical panel designed with the Plotly graphic library is implemented to visualize and analyze information stored in the data base. To solve some problems such languages as HTML, CSS, JavaScript and AJAX technology were used. The system does not require the installation of additional software. Access to the Internet need to use the system only. The approaches and technological solutions implemented in the application can be successfully used to create similar systems for other organizations and companies involved in similar activities.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ АНАЛИЗА ФИНАНСОВОЙ ОТЧЕТНОСТИ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ КОМПАНИЙ МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ

Natalia A. Ivanova, Irina I. Arkhipova, Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, St. Petersburg, Russia Abstract The article reveals the features of the analysis of financial statements of high-tech companies. The relevance of the research topic lies in the fact that each enterprise presents its financial condition as a combination of several indicators: types of financial resources, potential opportunities for mutually beneficial cooperation with the state and national economy entities, stable solvency, stability in the market among competitors. The authors propose a classification of high-tech companies on the basis of their generalized distinctive characteristics, which contribute to an express analysis of the indicators of the financial condition of such campaigns. The review of financial statements of high-tech companies in mechanical engineering is based on investment analysis, the study of financial results and takes into account the assessment of financial stability. Analysis of these factors allows you to best investigate the financial statements.

Historical and Philosophical Arabic Studies in Russia at the Turn of the Century (the 2nd Half of the XX - Early XXI Centuries)

The article presents an overview of the most significant results in Russian academic research in philosophy of the Arabic Middle East in the second half of the XX century-the beginning of XXI century. The author consistently examines the contribution of various schools and their main representatives to the field of Arabic studies, in particular, the academic research works dedicated to the Middle East philosophy and history written by the scientists from the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Saint Petersburg State University and RUDN University. The article attempts to show the conceptual findings and results of this academic research on Arabic Islamic philosophy of the Middle Ages considering the problems of understanding and interpreting Arab and Muslim culture, which was held by a number of leading experts during the second half of the XX century, up to the early XXI century. It is equally important to understand the role and place of the historical and philosophical Arabic studies in the dialogue between different philosophical cultures - in the context of striving for responses to the challenges of the modern time. The author of the article proves the idea that overcoming false cultural, philosophical and ideological stereotypes in the unprecedented global interaction of East and West in the late XX and early XXI centuries will significantly expand academic mobility and internationalization in the fields of education and science, open new perspectives for international cooperation in various fields and promote mutual enrichment of cultures.

Value Orientations of Russian Youth in Interaction Models between the State and Civil Society

In the context of the formation of civil society in modern Russia with the traditionally significant role of the state, the problem of studying the inclusion of young people in a particular model of the relationship between these two institutions is of particular relevance. This choice will determine a certain type of political system in Russia in the future. The purpose of the study is to identify empirically groups of young people who are determined by the direction of value orientations in public life and their involvement in various models of interaction between the state and civil society. The empirical basis of the study was a project conducted in 2019 by Saint Petersburg State University and Altai State University to study the political consciousness of Russian youth. As a result of using multidimensional methods of analysis, the connection between the involvement of the citizen-state models and the types of value orientations of Russian youth is revealed. Four groups of young people were obtained, stratified by value orientations, the specifics of relations between the state and citizens of our country, and the choice of the preferred type of state to live in.

The student youth’s universal values and the Russian society development

In recent decades, the concept of sustainable development has become the key theoretical focus for most countries. Traditions and values play an important role in ensuring sustainable development, including the attitudes of the younger generation, especially of the student youth who plan their professional future in Russia or abroad. The student youth preferences largely determine the country's development strategy and the assessment of its human capital. In 2018, the authors conducted the second wave of the empirical study Spiritual-moral culture of the Russian university (first wave - in 2012) which focused on the values of students of such leading universities as the Lomonosov Moscow State University and Saint Petersburg State University, and of such regional universities as the Tyumen State University, Samara State Technical University and Sevastopol State University. The research was conducted by a mass survey of 2505 students, including an online questionnaire. The concept of traditionalist modernization was used as an explanatory model. The article presents the results of the factor analysis of students value orientations according to the Schwartz scale and of students leisure practices, and also such indicators as authority, responsibility and tolerance of students. The authors come to the conclusion about the youths universal values that are quite flexible in relation to both modernization and preservation of the Russian specifics, which is somewhat different from the 2012 study with a more evident commitment to traditionalism. The authors interpret this fact as a generational feature of people born in the prosperous 2000s, which proves the gradual transition of the Russian society to the universal values, a combination of different value foundations and a departure from paternalistic attitudes. The article presents the results of the comparative analysis of some priorities of metropolitan and regional universities students, identifies the specifics of both types of universities, which allows to stress the different degrees of values universalism.

Modern principles of developing the subtest “Reading and Use of Language” of the TORFL-II

The article is devoted to the topical problem of modern principles of developing tests of Russian as a foreign language (RFL), taking into account the world experience. The purpose of the article is to summarize the modern principles of language test development and to show how they are implemented in the new tests of Russian as a foreign language. The materials of the article include the research papers of Russian and foreign authors in the sphere of methodology over the past 20 years, as well as modern formats of testing in foreign languages. At the first stage of the study, general scientific methods of generalization, systematization and structuring were used. At the second phase, a new format of the RFL test Reading and Use of Language (B2) was modelled, combining language and communication competence testing. At the third stage, an experiment was conducted to test the new format. 48 foreign master students studying the program Russian Language and Russian Culture in the Aspect of Russian as a Foreign Language in Saint Petersburg State University took part in the experiment. It was concluded that the modern language test, in accordance with the basic cognitive and communicative principle of learning and control, should be based on the following principles: testing skills in different types of speech activities mainly on the text material; interdependence between the type of the task and the speech genre of the text being created/used in the task; basing on a linguistic and didactic description of the communicative competence level; integrative approach; using different types of test tasks within one subtest; the principle of increasing complexity of tasks; taking into account the complexity of each task in its assessment; task feasibility according to students educational level; taking into account the values of the multicultural world; taking into account international experience; basing on reliability and validity criteria of test tasks. These principles implemented in the new TORFL-II subtest format Reading and Use of Language are presented in the article. The implementation of modern test principles should ensure that all speech control facilities are systematically allocated to the appropriate level and parameters for their assessment. The above-mentioned principles of test creation and the example of their implementation can be taken as the basis of a full-fledged system of control and measurement materials based on linguistic and didactical descriptions of each level.

The 43rd Annual Session of St Petersburg Arabists

On April 19–21th, 2021, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts (Saint-Petersburg) hosted the 43rd Annual Session of St Petersburg Arabists in tribute to professor O. G. Bolshakov (1929 – 2020). The conference was held for two days under the chairmanship of Associate Professor S. A. Frantsuzov and included morning and afternoon sessions, which covered interesting reports by Arab scholars from St. Petersburg, Moscow and Kazan in person and online. Arabic messages were accompanied by scholarly discussions on various topics on the history of the Middle East and cultural linguistics. More than 35 speakers from different countries including Canada and Switzerland took part in the conference and were able not only to meet their colleagues, but also to take advantage of a spare day between the sessions and to visit unique sights St. Petersburg has to offer. MGIMO University was represented at the scientific conference by N. G. Antonova, lecturer of the Department of Middle East Languages, with a report on the topic The History of Arabisms in the Spanish Language devoted to the analysis of words borrowings, their introduction into the Spanish language, main groups and levels at which the linguistic process took place. A. O. Bolshakov and F. A. Asadullin delivered their reports about a prominent historian and Arabist O. G. Bolshakov who dedicated his life to the study of the history of Caliphate and Islam. Researchers in the field of linguistic cultural studies spoke about Moscow Arabs, development of the theory of jihad, and various aspects of the Arabic language. A lot of speakers touched upon the topic of religion, including pre-islamic beliefs, and the Quran, its translations and editions kept in the museum collections. The representatives of Saint Petersburg State University gave reports on a wide range of linguistic, historic and ethnographic issues. A. A. Mokrushina made an interactive presentation on the special aspects of commercials in Arab countries. Participation in the session of St. Petersburg Arabists served as a valuable opportunity to make a presentation of one’s current research to colleagues-Arabists, to carry out professional and scientific communication, to hold scientific discussions and to gain a deeper understanding of the history and culture of the Arabic language.

Preface: International Scientific Conference on Mechanics «The Ninth Polyakhov’s Reading»

The International scientific conference on mechanics «The Ninth Polyakhov’s Reading» was held at the Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia from March 9 to March 12, 2021. The Polyakhov’s reading has first been held in 1997 as an all-Russian conference dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the outstanding scientist, Professor Nikolay N. Polyakhov (1906-1987), who left a bright trace in the history of Russian science. The conference attracted the attention of Russian and foreign scientists, involved in problems of modern mechanics. Since 2003, Polyakhov’s reading has acquired the status of an international conference and is traditionally held in Saint Petersburg once in three years. The conference scope covers almost all the fundamental areas of modern mechanics and lately has had a pronounced interdisciplinary nature. This feature of the conference is associated with broad interests of Professor N.N. Polyakhov.List of title Conference Sections, Conference chairman, Local Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee are available in this Pdf.

Дискурсивная деятельность А. С. Гинзберга по реформе системы высшего фармацевтического образования в России начала ХХ века

The research aims to shed light on importance of the discursive reform activity undertaken by the Russian teacher and scientist A. S. Ginzberg for creation of the modern system of higher pharmaceutical education. Basing on a content analysis of pedagogical heritage of the scientist and teacher, the article reveals his standpoint on the issue of institutionalisation of the higher pharmaceutical education system, identifies the features peculiar to conceptualisation of overdue changes in pharmaceutical education in the second half of the XIX - early XX century, describes A. S. Ginzberg’s pedagogical views. On the basis of a comparative and retrospective analysis, the authors show continuity of the modern system of pharmaceutical specialists training at Saint Petersburg State University of Chemistry and Pharmacy with the ideas of the early XX century. The research is novel in that it is the first to characterise A. S. Ginzberg’s teaching activity and his views on institutionalisation of higher pharmaceutical education. As a result, it is proved that A. S. Ginzberg’s pedagogical ideas, expressed in the early XX century, had a significant impact on the reform of higher pharmaceutical education, creation of a training system that still exists in Russia today.

Polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Kara Sea

As a result of processing materials from the expeditions of the Saint-Petersburg State University in 2012–2013 and the Transarctic expedition of 2019, 131 polychaete taxa were recorded, of which 124 were identified to species. On the basis of data from previous and recent collections, the general list of polychaetes in the Kara Sea was updated; it includes 209 species belonging to 98 genera, 37 families, and 15 orders. The following species are reported for the first time from the sea: Abyssoninoe hibernica (McIntosh, 1903), Ampharete falcata Eliason, 1955, Brada rugosa Hansen, 1882, Microclymene acirrata Arwidsson, 1906; Nephtys pente Rainer, 1984; Ophelina abranchiata Stop-Bowitz, 1948, Scolelepis burkovskii Sikorski, 1994, and Travisia forbesii Johnson, 1840. Polychaetes were found at all stations; the number of species per station ranged from 1 to 28. Shannon’s indices (H'SpA and H'spB) showed that at most stations the diversity of species was high and resistance to stress (DE') was quite satisfactory. Only in a few cases some tension existed in the ecological situation, estimated by the index of difference in evenness and this applies, to an overwhelming degree, to the shallow water stations in the area of the outlet from the Ob and Yenisei bays. New data show a more pronounced Arctic character of the Kara Sea fauna in comparison with the polychaete fauna of neighboring seas. The influence of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans both on the polychaete fauna of the Kara Sea and on the polychaete fauna of the neighboring seas is noticeable and natural, which is confirmed by changes in the proportion of species of Pacific and Atlantic origin. The trophic structure of polychaetes is represented by four main groups; the distribution of trophic groups is closely related to environmental conditions.

The Last Russian Balance Scientist of the 20th Century

The main stages of creative career of professor of Saint Petersburg State University Valery Viktorovich Kovalev (1948–2020), who restored the national school of accounting study which treated the balance sheet as a financial model of the company, are shown. The paper characterizes the specifics of the Soviet school of analysis of economic activities of enterprises formed by the start of Perestroika in the USSR. The scope of the methodological tasks placed before accountant theorists by new business environment in the conditions of the development of post-Soviet economy in Russia is shown. The paper reveals the methodological basis of the methods, suggested by V.V. Kovalev, of analysis of accounting reporting of legally independent business entity in the conditions of market economy, as synthesis of the developments of national accountants of the early 20th century and conceptual framework of English-American school of corporate finance of the late 20th century. The relation of the content of the works by Kovalev to the provisions made by A.P. Rudanovsky (1863–1931) is characterized. The paper presents the influence of several personal qualities of professor Kovalev as a researcher on the development of his ideas ranging from the set of indicators of dynamic analysis of accounting reporting to a new national school of financial management which united the concepts of the Continental European and English-American accounting traditions for the first time. The paper characterizes educational activities of V.V. Kovalev in the 1990s and reveals the content of his works regarding the history of financial science. The success of Kovalev as a propagandist of accounting as science is explained.

Preface

International Conference on Agriculture, Environment, and Food Security (AEFS) is a conference organized by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sumatera Utara which aimed to offer the opportunity for knowledge sharing, networking and collaboration between engineers, scientists, academicians, technologists and researchers working in agriculture, environment, and food technology sectors. AEFS has been held annually since 2017. The AEFS Conference deliberations for the last two year were on the following themes: agriculture, plantation and livestock for world food security (AEFS 2017) prospects and challenges of sustainable agriculture to improve food security and environment (AEFS 2018). For the 3rd AEFS 2019, the committee has chosen "Challenges on Food Security and Sovereignty in the Industrial Era 4.0" while for the 4th AEFS the theme was focused on Innovation and Technologies on Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability Systems with 6 selected tracks including Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural Economics, Plant Science (Agronomy and Plantation, Plant Breeding, Biotechnology, Integrated Pest Management and Soil Science), Animal Science, Food Science and Technology, Marine and Fisheries Sciences.

Control and analysis of quadcopter flight when setting a complex trajectory of motion

The article presents the solution to the problem of autonomous piloting of a quadcopter for a complex flight task to determine the positioning error. Mathematical model is proposed for the equation of the dynamics of angular motion in a connected coordinate system to solve this problem. The stages of elaboration and creation of a flight task are considered, a model based on directed graphs is presented, reflecting various options for organizing the movement of a quadcopter. Clover quadcopters were taken as the object of research. The study was carried out in the airfield of the laboratory of unmanned aerial systems of the Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (SUAI). Fragments of the program code for the implementation of autonomous piloting in Python are given. The flight mission consisted in the formation of the letters SUAI in space. The article discusses the necessary hardware, instrumental systems and camera modes of operation for fixing the movement of the quadcopter. As a result of the research, special photographs of the movement of the quadcopter are taken and the permissible range of positioning errors is determined for performing the flight task.

A study of the socionic characteristics of males and females for improving the reliability of aptitude screening of aviation specialists

Aim.This article continues the series of studies aimed at improving the aptitude screening of commercial aviation personnel. The socionic characteristics of a human operator define his/her work with information flows, and their significance is the higher, the greater is the time shortage they have to deal with as part of their professional activities, therefore, in this paper, those characteristics were examined as professionally important qualities of both a pilot, and an air traffic controller. The task consisted in evaluating the socionic characteristics of male and female control room specialists, who have successfully completed aptitude screening in commercial aviation, identifying the presence or absence of differences between the obtained results. Additionally, for the sake of comparison, the research covered the socionic characteristics of males and females, whose professional activities have nothing to do with technology. In total, the study includes data of over 3116 tested persons.Methods.The 5-th modification of the MM-1 socionic test developed by the Saint Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation was used as the psychodiagnostic method for estimating constituent socionic characteristics. The obtained samples were primarily compared using Pearson’s chi-squared test. The results were also processed using correlation analysis.Results.The paper presents socionic portraits,i.e. the distribution of the dominating components of the human socionic model among various samples, socionic models of various professional groups (human socionic model for a typical member of a sample), as well as graphical data per individual psychological dichotomies: “extraversion – introversion”, “logic – ethics”, “sensorics – intuition”, “rationality – irrationality”.Conclusions.The identified differences between the studied samples are primarily professional in their nature, i.e. comparing samples of individuals from the same professional group and approximately the same age, but different gender, in no case reliable differences were identified. Thus, no fundamental gender-specific differences were identified by the socionic psychodiagnostic method used as part of this work. However, the analysis of a number of Russian and foreign sources dedicated to gender differences suggests that improving the reliability of aptitude screening of aviation specialists requires further research involving the evaluation of the differences in the expression of the necessary professionally significant qualities of control room specialists, not by criterion of biological sex, but rather in accordance with the identified gender-related personality type.