Safety Performance Of Workers Research Articles

Moderating Effects of Individual Learning Ability and Resilient Safety Culture on the Relationship between the Educational Level and Safety Performance of Construction Workers

Having a higher educational level has been proposed to reduce workers’ unsafe behavior. It remains unclear whether the improvement in safety performance can be enhanced by workers with higher education levels, an individual’s learning ability, and a resilient safety culture. This study aims to examine the moderating effects of individual learning ability and resilient safety culture on the relationship between workers’ educational level and safety performance. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the education level, resilience safety culture, safety learning ability, and safety performance of workers. The results indicated that the educational level of construction workers has a significant positive impact on safety performance. They confirmed that an individual’s learning ability and a resilient safety culture have a positive moderating effect. This study supports the crucial relationship between worker education levels and safety performance. Thus, organizations and government entities can leverage this understanding to promote worker engagement in training programs and extend educational support. The study underscores the pivotal role of a resilient safety culture in bolstering the impact of worker educational level on safety performance. Finally, the study acknowledges the influence of an individual’s learning ability on safety performance. Integrating educational levels with individual learning abilities can facilitate the development of targeted strategies to improve safety performance.

Intervention and management of construction workers’ unsafe behavior: A simulation digital twin model

Efforts to address unsafe behaviors of construction workers have predominantly focused on identifying causative factors, unraveling formation mechanisms, and devising pre-emptive control strategies. Nonetheless, these studies have inadequately examined the reasons behind workers' engagement in unsafe behavior from a behavioral psychology perspective, specifically the collision reaction between impulsivity and self-control in the decision-making process, as well as the lack of exploration of psychological processes and behavioral response mechanisms of workers under different management strategies on construction sites. This paper describes an explanatory closed-loop structured model to simulate the safety performance of workers' behavior under different intervention strategies, considering the behavioral decision process and interactions between workers and managerial environment. The hybrid simulation model for worker’s unsafe behavior consists of three parts: the control panel, the proactive management panel, and the reactive panel. The model provides valuable information for explaining the causation of workers’ unsafe behaviors and finding efficient management strategies. Through simulation experiments, results show that proactive management has more advantages in maintaining workers' behavioral safety levels over a long period of time than reactive management. This research provides valuable information for policy analysis and decision-making for project managers.

Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor Iklim Keselamatan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Keselamatan Kerja pada Proyek Konstruksi Di Provinsi Jambi

Even though the construction sector provides business opportunities for workers, this sector also contributes 30% -40% of accidents and fatalities. For this reason, it is necessary to identify the factors of the work safety climate and their influence on work safety performance. This study aims to identify and measure the work safety factors and safety performance and which dominantly improves safety performance. The third aim to evaluate the relationship model between work safety climate and work safety performance. This research adopts 45 safety climate variables Zahoor, 2017 and uses 275 construction workers in Jambi Province. The data collection techniques with primary (informants) and secondary data (K3 documents and literature studies) utilize observation, direct interviews, and questionnaires. The results study found that the first three factors form the work safety factor (FIK1, FIK 2, FIK3). For named FIK1 to become Management Commitment and OSH resources, Procedures and Awareness of FIK2, FIK3 is named Perception of Accidents. In the second stage, the research found only factor 3 or IK3, namely the Perception of Accidents that affected safety performance. In the third stage, the study found that the safety performance measurement model only had the third factor, namely the Perception of Accidents, which could be used in a structural equation model that affected safety performance. Hopefully that understanding and knowing the observed variables from CI can help the project management team design the right strategy to create a safe project environment.

Construction site safety and quality analysis utilizing KHNN Model

Improving construction site safety through effective hazard identification and mitigation is critical. This study aims to predict rework, defects, and associated costs using artificial neural networks and optimization algorithms. Traditional safety planning approaches lack pre-construction hazard analysis. To examine deficiencies, various metrics were analyzed, including rework costs per $1M scope and injury rates. Ineffective safety practices like inadequate training and protection have led to accidents. This work identifies approaches to enhance worker safety performance through hazard identification. Inputs to a neural network model predict rework workers, defects, and costs. Safety execution aims to systematically identify hazards before construction. Model performance using actual data was evaluated. Two soft computing methods - artificial neural network and optimization algorithms - were implemented in MATLAB. Krill herd and grey wolf optimization techniques optimized hidden neuron weights in the neural network structure. Predictions from these algorithms outperformed other existing methods like particle swarm and genetic algorithms. This study provides a framework to quantitatively forecast rework, defects, and associated costs through systematic pre-construction hazard analysis and modeling. The proposed optimizationenhanced neural network models can help construction managers implement targeted safety improvements.

Improving Safety Performance of Construction Workers through Learning from Incidents

Learning from incidents (LFI) is a process to seek, analyse, and disseminate the severity and causes of incidents, and take corrective measures to prevent the recurrence of similar events. However, the effects of LFI on the learner's safety performance remain unexplored. This study aimed to identify the effects of the major LFI factors on the safety performance of workers. A questionnaire survey was administered among 210 construction workers in China. A factor analysis was conducted to reveal the underlying LFI factors. A stepwise multiple linear regression was performed to analyse the relationship between the underlying LFI factors and safety performance. A Bayesian Network (BN) was further modelled to identify the probabilistic relational network between the underlying LFI factors and safety performance. The results of BN modelling showed that all the underlying factors were important to improve the safety performance of construction workers. Additionally, sensitivity analysis revealed that the two underlying factors-information sharing and utilization and management commitment-had the largest effects on improving workers' safety performance. The proposed BN also helped find out the most efficient strategy to improve workers' safety performance. This research may serve as a useful guide for better implementation of LFI practices in the construction sector.

Towards best practices for residential carpentry safety: Multiple case study analysis

IntroductionCarpentry firms face some of the most dangerous working conditions in residential construction. Since these companies are often small, they may not have developed safety policies commonly found in larger companies. The research presented in this paper examines the industry’s current practices and identifies ways to help improve their safety performance. MethodsA survey was conducted to benchmark practices used by carpenters in residential construction. Interviews were used to develop case studies documenting safety practices and policies. A cross-sectional analysis of the case studies allowed for identifying trends and differences based on company safety performance. ResultsThe results indicated that owner and upper-level management’s direct involvement in safety training and hiring practices affect the company’s overall safety performance. Additionally, when a company focuses on and checks worker competence, there are fewer issues related to safety and the benefit of improved quality. Further, the formality of policies and incorporating them into training indicates a better safety culture and improved safety performance. One area in the literature that affected worker safety performance is incentive programs; however, no company involved in the current study utilized incentives. Most expressed a negative view of incentive use. ConclusionSome differences between companies with a better safety performance record by Experience Modifier Rate (EMR) and those with a poorer performance record are how the owner or senior-level management is involved in safety and hiring. Additionally, these companies manage risk differently by ensuring that workers are skilled correctly, or they will find someone else to do it, even if it means utilizing an independent contractor. Practical ApplicationsThis study identified practices that owners could incorporate into company-level management to help improve safety performance. Ultimately, an improved safety culture will reduce the potential for accidents and injuries.

Computer vision-based human-machine collision warning system on construction site

With the increase of mechanization in the construction industry, more and more construction machines appear on construction sites. This improves construction efficiency but leads to the high risk of human-machine collision. At present, human-machine collision risks are usually monitored and warned manually. It is difficult to identify relevant risks in time due to the lack of sufficient safety supervisors. This paper proposes an efficient human-machine collision warning system based on computer vision and deep learning. The designed system and relevant devices are installed on construction machinery. It can quickly identify workers and measure the distance between workers and machinery in the complex and dynamic environment so as to quickly warn the risk of human-machine collision based on a threshold. Power supply restriction and harsh environment such as dust and vibration are also considered to ensure the stable and effective operation of the system. The system was tested on a construction site for 6 weeks. The result shows that the system has a significant positive effect on the early warning of human-machine collision risk, thus benefiting the improvement of safety performance of workers in human-machine collaboration scenes.

Controlling safety and health challenges intrinsic in exoskeleton use in construction

Construction practitioners have started exploring the use of exoskeletons within operations to combat the high rate of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, declining productivity, and worker attrition. In attempting to adopt exoskeletons, the ensuing human-robot interaction (HRI) can lead to the emergence of novel safety risks or the increment of existing safety risks as a result of hazards peculiar to the task-technology execution. These risks, if ignored, can worsen construction worker safety performance. This paper presents research aimed at developing insights needed to control safety risks associated with exoskeleton (wearable robot) use across three construction tasks – bricklaying, drywall installation, and concrete grinding and polishing. To achieve this aim, the Delphi method, which relied on inferential and descriptive statistics such as mean analysis and consensus evaluation, was employed to (1) quantify wearable robot safety risks for selected construction tasks, and (2) identify effective and feasible safety risk mitigation strategies using the study results. Findings from the present study include 10 critical safety and health risks associated with exoskeletons and 12 key safety risk mitigation strategies. This research contributes to knowledge by characterizing the safety risks and mitigation strategies associated with HRI and providing valuable insights that could be used by researchers to advance construction worker safety and health research. Through increased awareness of HRI safety risk and mitigation strategies, practitioners can prioritize safety resources and improve worker safety and productivity.

Safety climate in marble industry and its influence on safety performance and occupational accidents

To examine the influence of safety climate perception and safety performance on safety outcomes in the form of near misses and injuries a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 562 employees in twelve marble factories in Diyarbakır, Turkey. Study findings revealed that safety communication, management’s safety commitment and safety training in the workplace influenced safety performance of workers most. Overall results suggest that improvement in the level of safety performance was associated with a reduction in accidents. Safety communication was the most significant dimension of safety climate to reduce near misses and injuries. When socio-demographics of employees were considered, the means of perception of safety systems in workplace was lower among younger groups. While participants from lower educated groups were more likely to care about safety performance, participants with high income were more likely to perceive management’s safety commitment, safety training, and safety communication. These findings are important for management and employees of marble factories since they provide evidence about the factors that firms can consider to reduce occupational accidents and encourage safety performance in workplaces.

The effect of organizational communication, transformational leadership and organizational learning to OSH performance A Case Study in PT WASKITA KARYA

Cases of work accidents are still happening today, including the construction service company. It indicates that the safety performance of construction service companies is not optimal, so it is important and needs to be investigated, especially safety culture, organizational communication, learning organization, and transformational leadership. Hence, this study explores the role of organizational communication in mediating the influence of transformational leadership and learning organization on safety culture and safety performance. The study used a quantitative approach through a survey with a questionnaire instrument designed on a Likert scale. The participant is 218 workers of PT. Waskita Karya (Persero) Tbk. Data analysis using structural equation modeling.
 The results showed that transformational leadership, learning organization, and safety culture had a positive and significant direct effect on work safety performance and safety culture, in addition the result also confirm that the key success factor for safety performance is organizational communication. Based on these findings, practically it is recommended that organizational communication among the workforce needs to be improved continuously to make a greater contribution to safety culture and performance.

Insidious Safety Threat of Fatigue: Investigating Construction Workers’ Risk of Accident Due to Fatigue

The construction industry is among the most hazardous occupations. Workers are expected to fulfill physically and mentally demanding tasks in construction environments while they are exposed to numerous safety hazards. The dynamic and demanding nature of construction activities makes workers vulnerable to experience levels of fatigue on a daily basis. Fatigue is ubiquitous among construction workers and has been frequently cited as an underlying cause of the accidents. Despite the high rates of accidents in construction, research has shown that most of them can be prevented if workers identify hazards and perceive the associated safety risks. However, the impact of fatigue on the two leading safety indicators (i.e., hazard recognition and safety risk perception) has not been empirically studied before in the construction industry context. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap by investigating the impact of fatigue on construction workers’ hazard recognition and safety risk perception. To achieve the research goals, 135 construction workers were recruited to participate in the study. A validated safety instrument and three subjective fatigue assessment scales were used to measure safety performance and fatigue levels of the participants, respectively. The analysis of the data showed statistically significant correlation (p-value<0.001) between fatigue and hazard recognition (rp=−0.58) and fatigue and safety risk perception (rp=−0.51). Linear regressions associated 37% of the variability in hazard recognition and 28% of safety risk perception with elements of fatigue. The findings revealed that among all aspects of fatigue, intershift recovery and acute fatigue have the most profound impacts on the safety performance of workers. A novel model was developed and tested to explain how construction workers’ safety performance (i.e., hazard recognition and safety risk perception) are impacted by elements of fatigue. This study offers practical recommendations for construction professionals and practitioners to control and mitigate the undesirable influences of fatigue on workers. These recommendations are presented as the hierarchy of fatigue interventions in the order of most effective to the least effective including (1) Elimination, (2) Substitution, (3) Engineering Solutions, (4) Administrative Interventions, and (5) Personal Assistive Equipment (PAE).

Factors affecting safety performance on construction sites: An overview

The construction industry is one of the most significant industries that contribute greatly to achieving economic development. However, it is also considered one of the industries that is always exposed to a high risk of hazards in addition to being full of risky activities. Accidents that occurred in construction industries have caused many defects in project progress, for example, delays in completing the project, increasing project cost, reducing productivity, and creating negative impressions about the company. The major reason for the accidents is poor worker safety performance, with a host of contributing causes. For improving safety performance, the root causes of incidents that occur in construction as well as the factors influencing them must be studied. Health and safety issues are the main problem and concerns in the building industry. Though much development has been made in construction safety, the industry still lacks a lag behind most other industries in terms of safety. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the factors that could affect the safety performance of a construction site to reduce the frequency of accidents.

Effect of site sanitation on the safety performance of workers on construction sites in Minna, Nigeria

Studies have shown that site sanitation practices are capable of improving the health and safety (H&amp;S) performance of construction companies. In spite of this, evidence has shown that the level of compliance to these practices by construction firms is still poor. This study evaluated the effect of site sanitation on the safety performance of workers on construction sites. Data were obtained through a well-structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was done using Relative Importance Index (RII), Mean Item Score (MIS) and Spearman’s Rank Correlation. It was found that provision of first aid facilities is the measure most complied with on sites (RII = 0.96); relationship between level of compliance to good sanitation measures and accident rate is not significant; and provision of Personal Protective Equipment is the most effective strategy for minimising rate of accidents (MIS = 4.95). It was concluded that the effect of site sanitation on safety performance of workers on construction sites in Minna is not significant. It was thus recommended that construction firms should always comply with the measures for enhancing good sanitation on sites, especially “Provision of drinking water”, in order to improve safety performance on site.&#x0D; Key words: Construction, Safety, Sanitation, Performance, Workers.

Identification and ordering of safety performance indicators using fuzzy TOPSIS: a case study in Indian construction company

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a practical framework to measure the safety performance of workers in the Indian construction industry. The key safety performance indicators are identified and ordered on the premise that the higher order assignment of an indicator implies a strong indication of an effective safety performance.Design/methodology/approachVarious indicators of safety performance in the construction industry were identified from extant literature review combined with author's personal viewpoint. The identified variables were inquired for appropriateness for the Indian construction scenario by consultation with experts. Fuzzy Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) technique was considered for the ranking of the indicators from most to least important.FindingsThe most important highlight of the study was the importance of the role of management by participating in informing workers about the safety rules and compliance toward safety measures. Proper and timely safety training to the workers and equipping them with sophisticated safety equipment for daily activities is perceived to be highly important in ensuring a safe and healthy workplace environment. Controlling the absenteeism rate reduces the burden of extra work on the employees, thereby, encouraging safe work-related behavior.Originality/valueSenior management should make safety induction programs compulsory at the time of joining of the employees. The guidelines for safety practices, rules and information about the safety equipment should be properly documented and arranged in safety manuals. Periodical drills involving visual demonstration of the safety practices should be followed to ensure safety at workplace.

Evaluation of the Most Important factors Affecting the Safety Performance of Workers in the Construction Industry Using Hierarchical Analysis Method (Case Study in A Combined Cycle Power Plant)

Background and objectives: Construction is one of the most dangerous industries in the world and one of the authorities’ concerns of officials in this area is to improve their safety. This study was carried out so as to investigate the causes of unsafe behaviors in a combined cycle power plant. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire for 300 workers of the combined cycle power plan were used. The obtained information was divided into criteria and sub-criteria affecting the causes of unsafe behaviors. Criteria and sub-criteria were distributed as a pairwise comparison questionnaire among 19 people who worked on the safety and they were supposed to answer based on their experiences as well as the distance scale. Criteria and sub-criteria were ordered by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and using Expert Choice‌ software. Results: the results showed that the criterion of individual characteristics (34 ) is the most effective factor for unsafe behaviors and followed by employer (22), teaching 915), education (12), specialization and experience (7.8), age (7.6), job characteristics (3), and weather condition (2) respectively. Conclusion: the most important sub-criterion of individual characteristics is a onechr('39')s susceptibility to accident. Hence, it is necessary to prevent unsafe behaviors by employing vulnerable people in less dangerous occupations.

Safety performance & evaluation framework in Indian construction industry

IntroductionThis paper proposes a framework to evaluate the safety performance of workers in Indian construction industry. The key indicators to measure the safety and health conditions are identified and prioritized on the basis of the importance in the establishment of safe and healthy work environment. Design/methodology/approachFrom the literature review and inputs from the construction managers, key safety indicators were identified. The prioritization was accomplished using multi-criteria ranking method (MCRM). Dominance-based Rough Set (DRSA) is used for the ranking of indicators. It is based on Rough set theory which draws motivation from the indiscernibility relation be- tween the objects. The importance of each indicator is assessed by MCRM method in the contribution towards establishing a safe workplace environ- ment from different perspectives in a construction industry that includes management from top, middle and low-level management. FindingsThe role and involvement of management in the operations and con- stant interaction with workers were found to have a significant impact on the safety performance of the firms. Imparting necessary safety training to the employees and promoting a friendly atmosphere at the workplace aids in building the confidence of the workers that subsequently make them safety compliant. Dedicated staff to ensure that the workers are following safety protocols enlisted in safety manuals acquires an important place in the measurement of the safety performance of the firms. Practical implicationsThe findings of the current study will help the senior management in the small scale Indian construction industry to gain a perspective to- wards the assessment of safety condition in the firms and establishing an efficient and easy-to-use safety assessment framework. It will also be useful for middle and low-level management, since they should read the results as a positive effect of their constant interaction with workers. Management is suggested to design a well-organized and detailed manual that docu- ments the safety-related information including the proper use of safety equipment and emergency procedures. Originality/valueThis paper proposes a safety framework for small-scale Indian construction industry for calibration and benchmarking safety performance of the employees. The mathematical foundation of the framework is the multi-criteria ranking based on Dominance based Rough set approach.

Construction of a Bayesian network model for improving the safety performance of electrical and mechanical (E&M) works in repair, maintenance, alteration and addition (RMAA) projects

The safety concern and volume of repair, maintenance, alteration and addition (RMAA) works have significantly increased in recent years. RMAA works include a variety of work trades. Electrical and mechanical (E&M) works are regarded as one of the most hazardous trades with numerous complex activities. However, the research on the safety of E&M works in RMAA projects is limited. This study aims to develop a Bayesian network (BN) model that encapsulates the interrelationships between safety factors and safety performance. Survey data are analysed with factor and BN analyses to construct a BN model. Findings show that alcohol consumption and smoking habits of workers exert a considerable influence on the safety performance of workers. A strategy via controlling multiple factors (joint strategies) may even improve safety performance. Analytical results indicate the effectiveness of a joint control of alcohol and smoking habit, safety inspection and procedures factors would be the most effective strategy to improve safety performance. The significance of this study lies in the proffering of a BN model that reveals the interrelationships of the safety factors and safety performance of E&M works in RMAA projects. The findings will help in formulating effective safety management strategies to improve the safety of RMAA works. The BN model can be a practical technique to diagnose effective safety measures for improving safety performance. The research outcomes would be valuable to key project stakeholders of E&M works to achieve better safety performance and bring tremendous value in better safeguarding E&M workers’ health and safety.

ANALYSIS OF WORK SAFETY PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTOR COMPANIES IN OIL AND GAS COMPANY X CILACAP

Abstract&#x0D; Background : Safety in a company is the main and first thing. No exception in oil and gas company X in Cilacap, Indonesia. This company requires that all contractor companies that send their workers be required to fulfill the Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) in this oil and gas company. This study is intended to analyze the work safety performance of workers sent by the contractor companies of the oil and gas company X.&#x0D; Methods :This research is a quantitative descriptive study that uses a sample of respondents. The research method used in this study is the survey method by interviewing each selected respondent.&#x0D; Results : The results of this study indicate the relationship between each selected variable related to work safety performance in this oil and gas company X.&#x0D; Conclusion : It is expected that with this research, work safety in oil and gas companies X can be further enhanced for the good in the future.&#x0D; Keywords :work safety performance, contractor companies, oil and gas company

Understanding the Factors and the Corresponding Interactions That Influence Construction Worker Safety Performance from a Competency-Model-Based Perspective: Evidence from Scaffolders in China.

Purpose: Construction workers’ reactions to safety-related issues during operation vary from person to person due to their different occupational levels, which can be attributed to various influencing factors and their correspondingly complicated interactions. This research aims to propose an integrated framework to combine the concepts of these factors and provide a holistic interpretation of the interrelationship among them. Methods: Based on items that were mainly extracted from competency theory, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to identify the critical factors from the data collected from 243 scaffolders on Wuhan Metro construction sites. The interactions among the identified factors were then analyzed, and the safety competency model was thus established with the use of structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: A total of 17 items were identified as critical to workers’ safety competency, and these were further tested and attributed to four factors: (1) individual character and inclination; (2) self-adjustment and adaptability; (3) working attitudes; (4) safety-related operation qualification. Subsequent analysis showed that all the factors significantly contributed to one’s safety competency, and individual character and inclination contributed most to the formation of one’s ability, while the intermediating effects of self-adjustment and adaptability should not be neglected both in theoretical and practical terms. The resultant safety competency model consisting of these four factors was revealed to share a hierarchical structure with the classical competency model. Significance: This study provided an integrated theoretical framework and a set of modeling approaches to combine the related concepts and facilitate a greater understanding of construction safety in terms of workers’ characteristics and behaviors. Practical implications: This study presented a tentative approach for assessing construction workers’ safety competency, as well as emphasized to the managers and professionals the necessity of developing training systems to ensure workers are integrated into a crew in an appropriate and smooth manner. Limitations and Future Work: The volume and the scope of samples impeded the study from achieving a more generalized result and a more cost-efficient data collection approach is in need of development for a comprehensive and in-depth investigation.

The Role of Emotional Intelligence Factors in Workers’ Occupational Health and Safety Performance—A Case Study of the Petroleum Industry

Introduction: Despite improvements in occupational health and safety due to technological advancements and the adoption of management systems, accidents continue to occur in the oil and gas (O&amp;G) industry. These accidents are often linked to human factors. The emotional intelligence (EI) of workers, however, has the potential to influence some of the human factors that predispose to accidents. Methods: In this study, we investigated how the EI factors of workers influence their health and safety performance in the work place. A total of 124 O&amp;G industry workers completed a web-based questionnaire. Five and 14 key success factors of EI and effective occupational health and safety management systems were respectively identified through a systematic evaluation of the literature. Results: EI success factors of ‘being able to rule one’s own emotions to facilitate thinking’, ‘being able to deal with the emotions of others’ and ‘being able to discuss one’s own emotions accurately’ were found to have a relationship with health and safety performance of workers. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that certain success factors of EI are vital for improving the health and safety performance of workers and that the development of these competencies should be part of the workers’ professional development.