Visitor Safety Research Articles

Training for Emergencies - How Germany is Preparing for Large-Scale Emergencies Using the EUROMED 2024 Civil Protection Exercise as an Example

Abstract. Every year, numerous major events with thousands of participants take place around the world, for which extensive safety measures are taken to ensure the well-being and safety of visitors. Nevertheless, incidents that lead to injuries and deaths occur time and again. This year, Germany is looking forward to the UEFA EURO 2024, an international football championship for which the host country, Germany, has made extensive preparations on several levels. One component of this is the Medical Task Force (MTF) of the Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK), which has trained a possible medical service deployment in the event of a mass casualty incident with a specially coordinated series of exercises. The extent to which current remote sensing data can make a useful contribution and be meaningfully integrated was analyzed during the large-scale EUROMED exercise with the help of an airborne camera system on board a helicopter. The system provided up-to-date aerial images of the exercise site, but was also used to record the traffic situation during the transfer of the vehicle convoys to the exercise site. In addition, state-of-the-art AI-based image analysis methods were tested on site and the results were provided and evaluated. An important operational exercise to bring science and practice together step by step in order to be better prepared for an emergency.

Event Operation and Management in Risk Assessment for Outdoor Food Bazaar Events

This study evaluates risk management in organizing a food bazaar held in an open field at the Jakarta International Velodrome from May 31 to June 2, 2024. The research methodology includes direct observation, structured interviews with the organizing committee, and document analysis. The assessment results indicate that the event falls into the Very High Risk category for safety aspects, with potential hazards such as smuggling, theft, and fire. Additionally, the cleanliness of the area and healthcare facilities are deemed inadequate, categorized as High Risk. The limitations of hygiene facilities such as toilets and sinks, as well as the risk of dehydration, were also identified. This study recommends enhanced preparation and attention to risk management for similar events in the future to ensure the safety and comfort of visitors. By identifying, analyzing, and evaluating risks more comprehensively, it is hoped that event organizers can minimize potential hazards and improve the quality of future events. The study also emphasizes the importance of collaboration among various stakeholders, including the government, event organizers, security personnel, and healthcare services, to create a safe and comfortable event environment. Measures such as safety training for staff, adequate placement of healthcare facilities, and improved security systems can reduce the risks faced by visitors. Additionally, the study highlights the need for effective communication with the audience regarding safety and health protocols to be followed during the event. The implementation of technology such as crowd monitoring applications and early detection systems can also be a solution in managing risks more effectively.

Internet-Based Smart Door Design of Things (IOT) with Visitor Access Controller Indoor

In the era of digital technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become an innovative solution in various sectors, including in access management and room security. This research aims to design and implement an IoT-based smart door system that is able to control visitor access using NodeMCU ESP8266 and send notifications through the Telegram application. The system uses PIR sensors to detect the presence of visitors and servo motors to operate the door automatically. When the number of visitors reaches the maximum set capacity, the system will automatically close the door and send a warning notification to the Telegram bot and activate the buzzer as a warning sign. Thus, this system not only improves the safety and comfort of visitors, but also helps prevent the spread of diseases by limiting the number of visitors according to a safe capacity. The test results show that this smart door system can function well in controlling visitor access and providing real-time notifications when the room capacity is exceeded. The implementation of this system is expected to be applied in various public places to improve security management and visitor capacity effectively.

ОЦЕНКА И КАРТОГРАФИРОВАНИЕ СТЕПЕНИ ОПАСНОСТИ ГЕОЛОГО-ГЕОМОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ ЧАРЫНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКА

The purpose of this article is to assess and compile an integrated map of the hazard degree of geological and geomorphological processes in the Charyn State National Nature Park (SNNP) to ensure visitor safety and protect tourist infrastructure. The study used field methods to determine hazardous geological and geomorphological processes. Based on the collected data, a comparative analysis was performed in office conditions, and a cartographic method was applied using GIS technologies to create thematic maps. The hazard assessment was carried out based on vertical and horizontal dissection, slope steepness and exposure, lithological composition of rocks and functional zones. As a result of the study, a map of the hazard degree of geological and geomorphological processes for the territory of the Charyn SNNP was compiled. Hazardous landslide-talus and erosion processes (lateral and gully erosion) were identified, posing a threat to tourists and hindering the safe development of the SNNP activities.

A Support Tool for Emergency Management in Smart Campuses: Reference Architecture and Enhanced Web User Interfaces.

In the context of smart campuses, effective emergency management is crucial for ensuring the safety and well-being of students, staff, and visitors. This paper presents a comprehensive support tool designed to enhance emergency management on smart campuses, integrating a low-cost people-counting system based on cameras and Raspberry Pi devices. It introduces a newly designed architecture and user interfaces that enhance the functionality and user experience of a smart campus disaster management system. Finally, a usability evaluation has been carried out to validate the brand-new user interfaces devoted to emergency management.

Model Safety Behaviour untuk Mengurangi Accident dalam Menjaga Keberlanjutan Industri Pariwisata Madura

The tourism industry is a key player in the global economy, generating billions of dollars in revenue and providing jobs for millions of people around the world, contributing more than $6 trillion annually, employing more than 250 million people, and generating 7% of global GDP (World Travel Tourism Council, 2018). However, as the industry grows, comes the responsibility to ensure the safety and well-being of employees and tourist visitors. Safety is critical in maintaining the reputation and sustainability of the tourism industry, while employee safety is critical in ensuring a productive and positive work environment. In recent years, there has been growing concern about safety practices in the tourism industry, prompting researchers to investigate the factors that contribute to safe behavior among employees. This research focuses on the impact of safety knowledge and safety behavior in the tourism industry so that it has an impact on reducing the number of accidents. The aim of this research is to provide insights that can help improve safety practices and ensure a positive and safe experience for employees and tourists at destinations in Madura and reduce accident incidents.

Visitor safety and security compliance as a key component of event planning and implementation? Findings from a German research project on COVID-19

Introduction: Event Safety and Security Production (ESSP) typically involves event organizers, private security firms, authorities, police, fire brigades, and others. Their joint responsibility is to ensure safety, decide on measures, communicate them, and enforce them when necessary. Effective ESSP relies on visitor cooperation and rule compliance. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of rule compliance in event safety and security. With the event industry’s standstill and subsequent reopening under strict conditions, organizers had to implement comprehensive safety and hygiene measures. Studies on crowd compliance under pandemic conditions identified influencing factors. These include perceived threats, sociodemographic characteristics, group behavior, trust in institutions, etc..Methods: Little research focuses on actively promoting rule compliance. Therefore, this paper addresses three research questions (RQ): (1) To what extent does the compliance of visitor safety measures play a role in the planning and implementation of events? (2) To what extent have visitor safety measures been complied with at events during the pandemic and did that change throughout the pandemic? And finally (3) How can the compliance of measures for visitor safety explicitly be taken into account in event planning and implementation? Qualitative data from 11 expert interviews and quantitative data from a representative population survey (N = 10,239) from a German research project on non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for the safe reopening of events during the pandemic are used to answer the first two questions (RQ1; RQ2). Results of the data triangulation point to recommendations for practical application (RQ3).Results and Discussion: Findings suggest a high level of compliance with COVID-19 measures among the survey respondents, with expert consensus on the need for active and communicative visitor involvement in the implementation and enforcement of visitor safety measures. These insights extend beyond pandemic-specific events to traditional security and safety measures in crowd management. For event practice, this indicates the importance of consistent, transparent, and engaging communication strategies starting well before the event, with the customer journey approach as a potential solution. Suitable approaches to visitor safety by event organizers should be implementable and enforceable; this is the key to ensuring that event communication in relation to ESSP is effective.

Development of Risk Management Information System (SIMRISK) for Prevention and Monitoring of Work Safety in Hospital

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Risk management in hospitals must be implemented to minimize risks that threaten the occupational safety and health of hospital human resources, patients, patient companions and hospital visitors, Hospital management has difficulty in collecting information, delays in reporting, inaccurate and incomplete data, difficulty storing data, difficulty in accessing data and manual reporting and recording are some of the problems in the current risk management information system. The research objective is to develop a risk management information system to assist in reporting and recording risk management, work accidents, hazardous and toxic material inventory and occupational disease. The research method is qualitative with a research and development design, the information system development method uses the waterfall method with the stage needs analysis, system design, implementation system and verification system. the results of this study found that there are problems in collecting, tracking, analyzing and following up on decision making. Needs analysis to development of risk management information system with features that facilitate data input, speed up the report process start with the flow of occupational health safety responsible officer to making reports and verified by doctors and occupational health and safety committees, producing output risk management reports, work accident reports, hazardous and materials inventory reports and occupational illness reports. The conclusion of this study is that risk management information system has a positive impact on data processing related to safety and health so that the data is available to be used as a basis for decision making and determining OHS priorities in hospitals</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keyword: Accident, Illness, Hazardous, Hospital, Toxic material</em></strong>

Leveraging Social Media as a Marketing Tool to Combat Crime in African Destination Marketing: Ghana in Perspective

This research explores the potential of leveraging social media as a marketing tool to combat crime in destination marketing, with a focus on Ghana as a representative case study in Africa. As tourism plays a vital role in Ghana's economy, addressing crime concerns is crucial for attracting international visitors. The study aims to investigate how social media can be harnessed strategically to dispel crime perceptions, promote safety, and enhance destination marketing efforts. With a constructivism research philosophical position, the study adopted a case study research approach. Data was gathered using semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data was processed using Nvivo version 12.1 analyzed with the help of content analysis approach. The findings provided valuable insights for Ghana, highlighting the significance of social media in building a positive destination image while ensuring visitor safety. It was evident that crime-related discussions on social media significantly impact the perception of Ghana as a tourist destination. The investigation into the strategies and approaches employed by Ghanaian tourism authorities and stakeholders in managing and addressing crime-related concerns on social media provided valuable insights into their efforts to promote safety and enhance destination marketing. Successful practices were identified, including user-Generated Content Promotion and collaboration with law enforcement. It was recommended that Ghanaian tourism authorities may regularly engage with social media users, respond promptly to concerns and inquiries, and provide accurate and up-to-date information about safety measures and crime statistics in the country. Received: 11 June 2024 / Accepted: 28 June 2024 / Published: 8 July 2024

Feelings of safety for visitors recreating outdoors at night in different artificial lighting conditions

Artificial light can impact the actual and perceived safety of visitors recreating outdoors at night. Actual safety refers to how visitors identify aspects of their environment such as pathways and obstacles, while perceptions of safety refer to how safe they feel based on perceptions of the environment. Both influence the acceptability of different light conditions. The objective of this study is to better understand how light conditions influence visitors' perceptions of safety and their potential for pleasant experiences while recreating at night in a park-like setting. This paper explores study participants' self-reported feelings of safety across eight different light conditions using two different colors, 3000 K Correlated Color Temperature (warm white) and monochromatic amber, and 4 four different intensities (0.5, 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 lux) during a nighttime recreation-focused experiment in a university's arboretum. Prior experience with nighttime outdoor recreation and community type (urban, suburban, rural) during adolescence were evaluated alongside light conditions as predictors of feelings of safety using ordered logistic regression. Participants of this study were 31.6% more likely to report higher feelings of safety in warm white light than amber light and 81.7% more likely to report higher feelings of safety at 5.0 lux than 0.5 lux. Further, individuals who felt safer in any lighting condition were 19.6 times more likely to feel greater potential for a pleasant experience while recreating than someone who did not report feeling safe or felt unsafe. Understanding the connection between light and perceived safety in park settings can help managers tailor lighting conditions to the needs of visitors while reducing ecological impacts - brighter and cooler temperature lighting have greater negative impacts on wildlife. Adjusting the distribution and intensity of light can increase the accessibility of nighttime recreation opportunities and the potential for comfortable and pleasant experiences for visitors.

Campus Officials’ Perceptions of Alcohol Policies for College Sporting Events

ABSTRACT Background Excessive alcohol use among college students and the associated consequences experienced is a serious public health concern for university officials. Event-specific drinking occasions, such as “game-day” are of special concern. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess campus officials’ perceptions of implementing a policy regulating alcohol consumption during tailgating. Methods Researchers used a cross-sectional research design to survey Division-I Football Bowl Subdivision schools. Results Although enforcement varied, most institutions (68.4%) had a policy regulating alcohol during tailgating. Multiple regression analysis revealed that perceived benefits was the only construct predictive of having a policy; therefore, to advance prevention efforts, the advantages of this policy should be emphasized. Discussion Addressing alcohol use on college football game-day is imperative to promoting student health and well-being. Translation to Health Education Practice Health education specialists, presidents, and other university leaders need to take a proactive stance regarding prevention issues, including during college sports events, because they are ultimately responsible for the safety of students, faculty, staff, and visitors.

AI-Enhanced Tools and Strategies for Airborne Disease Prevention in Cultural Heritage Sites.

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the surveillance and safety measures of indoor Cultural Heritage sites have become a paramount concern due to the unique challenges posed by their enclosed environments and high visitor volumes. This communication explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing epidemiological surveillance and health safety protocols in these culturally significant spaces. AI technologies, including machine learning algorithms and Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, have shown promising potential in monitoring air quality, detecting pathogens, and managing crowd dynamics to mitigate the spread of infectious diseases. We review various applications of AI that have been employed to address both direct health risks and indirect impacts such as visitor experience and preservation practices. Additionally, this paper discusses the challenges and limitations of AI deployment, such as ethical considerations, privacy issues, and financial constraints. By harnessing AI, Cultural Heritage sites can not only improve their resilience against future pandemics but also ensure the safety and well-being of visitors and staff, thus preserving these treasured sites for future generations. This exploration into AI's role in post-COVID surveillance at Cultural Heritage sites opens new frontiers in combining technology with traditional conservation and public health efforts, providing a blueprint for enhanced safety and operational efficiency in response to global health challenges.

Guidelines for Managing Radon Hazards in Tourist Volcanic Caves in Spain.

Tourist volcanic caves are in high demand for ecotourism and geotourism lovers, as well as by sun and beach tourists as a complementary activity during their holidays. There are six tourist volcanic caves in the Canary Islands, all of them managed by the local administration of the island. The managers of these caves must ensure the safety of visitors and workers, who are exposed to natural hazards, such as radon, inherent to the environment in which the activity takes place. The methodology for analyzing natural radon radiation is based on the latest studies published by experts in this field and on previous experiences in tourist caves. This article proposes a protocol for the correct management of radon in tourist caves in the Canary Islands, adapted to current regulations, to mitigate effects on the health of visitors and workers.

Non-compliance of Hospital X Employee in Implementing Standard Operational Procedures of Instrument Decontamination and Chest X-Ray Services

Good hospital management is important to maintain the safety of patients, staff and hospital visitors. Each hospital employee responsible for patient safety by carrying out work according Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) guidelines agreed by organization. This study aims to identify the casues factors and the solution for hospital employees to not comply with the SOP. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Methods of data collection by conducting direct observation and interviews. Subjects in the study were determined based on purposive sampling, as many as 8 respondents consisting of the inpatient room's head, nurses and radiology officers. It is important to apply a system approach in the management of an organization. The elements included in the systems approach are planning, organizing, actuating and controlling. From those elements, there are things that not properly carried in the hospital. The existing procedures were not followed by the employees, for example, procedures regarding instrument decontamination in the inpatient room and photo reading at the radiology service. Non-compliance with this procedure is influenced by several factors, namely the staff lack of discipline and responsibility, inappropriate procedures, facilities that are not available, and there is no socialization of the procedure to hospital employees. The non-compliance of employees at X hospital was caused by procedural factors, decontamination and radiology officer's performance factors and hospital's facilities. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct periodic outreach, monitoring and evaluation of the SOP and hospital employees to improve the quality of hospital services and customer satisfaction.

Pemasangan Safety Sign di RT 21 Kelurahan Baru Tengah

In order to increase the safety and comfort of visitors in the RT 21 Baru Tengah Subdistrict area, the Community Service Program (KKN) has installed a Safety Sign at the RT 21 location. This safety sign was designed with aesthetic considerations so that it is in harmony with the local natural beauty but still ensures its main function as a safety guide and warning. This service aims to show how installing safety signs can provide information and increase awareness of local residents regarding potential dangers. The methods used include observation, questionnaires and interviews with visitors and area managers. The results of the service show that the majority of visitors feel safer and receive sufficient information from the safety signs that are installed. However, some locations still need improvement in terms of visibility and more detailed explanations. As a recommendation, regular maintenance and re-evaluation of the placement and design of safety signs is needed so that they remain relevant to the conditions and developments in the area.

The Integration of Kansei Engineering and Kano Model on Natural Language Processing (NLP) to Support Development of Service Product in the Borobudur Temple Tourism

The Borobudur Temple Compounds is one of the spearheads of Indonesian tourism, anticipating introduction to the international community. Currently, the management of the compound is focused on maintaining the existing condition of tourism and increasing enthusiasm among visitors to experience the temple area. Amidst the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the management has implemented stringent health procedures to ensure the safety and health of visitors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the service required to increase visitor enthusiasm and satisfaction in the Borobudur Temple Compounds using the Natural Language Processing (NLP) method to extract visitor sentiments as Kansei words from TripAdvisor. The results obtained were processed using Kansei Engineering type 1 to determine the most critical service quality category through Kano model. The integration of NLP, Kansei Engineering, and Kano model proved effective, showing attributes like popular Tripadvisor searches, such as exit, morning, temple, sunrise, and heat. Other attributes not listed but considered necessary based on Kansei Engineering and Kano model integration were identified, such as ticket prices, elephant enclosure management, and pamphlets. Based on the results, it was discovered that the management of Borobudur Temple Compounds needed to improve in two main aspects. These included the distance between each facility and the compound elephant cage, considered unenjoyable.

PERSEPSI PENGUNJUNG TERHADAP DAYA TARIK WISATA MANGROVE SETAPUK DI KOTA SINGKAWANG

Setapuk Mangrove tourism has the potential to be developed into natural tourism because it has the potential in the form of natural scenery, rainbow bridges and mangrove areas with various attractions and tourism infrastructure. The purpose of the study was to explain the perception and satisfaction of visitors to the attractiveness of Setapuk Mangrove tourism through available facilities. The method used a survey with 50 visitors as research informants selected by accidental sampling. Data collection was conducted through observation and interviews using a list of questions. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. Visitors' perception of the Setapuk Mangrove tourism area feels interested and quite satisfied with tourist objects in the form of natural scenery, flora, fauna, beaches, rivers and roads/tracks. It is also supported by the condition of facilities, cleanliness, comfort, safety and satisfaction of visitors as well as the physical condition of tourist facilities and infrastructure that are available or well maintained. It is supported by several tourism activities that get satisfied assessments by visitors, namely when observing mangrove beaches by speedboat. Accessibility conditions that are not supportive and physical conditions of infrastructure that are not good are basically weaknesses as well as advantages, because accessibility in muddy conditions will get more attention from visitors/researchers with educational purposes that require elements of unity with nature so that these conditions remain original, so this area has potency for ecotourism

Epidemiology and Molecular Characterization of Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Protozoal Infection in Zoo Animals in China.

Zoo animals, harboring zoonotic gastrointestinal protozoal diseases, pose potential hazards to the safety of visitors and animal keepers. This study involved the collection and examination of 400 fresh fecal samples from 68 animal species, obtained from five zoos. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence, genetic characteristics, and zoonotic potential of common gastrointestinal protists. PCR or nested PCR analysis was conducted on these samples to detect four specific parasites: Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Blastocystis spp. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp was 0.5% (2/400), G. duodenalis was 6.0% (24/400), Blastocystis spp. was 24.5% (98/400), and E. bieneusi was 13.5% (54/400). G. duodenalis, Blastocystis spp., and E. bieneusi were detected in all of the zoos, exhibiting various zoonotic genotypes or subtypes. G. duodenalis-positive samples exhibited three assemblages (D, E, and B). Blastocystis spp. subtypes (ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST8, ST10, ST13, and ST14) and one unknown subtype (ST) were identified. A total of 12 genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified, including SC02, BEB6, Type IV, pigEBITS 7, Peru8, PtEb IX, D, CD9, EbpC, SCBB1, CM4, and CM7. Moreover, significant differences in the positive rates among different zoos were observed (p < 0.01). The findings indicate that zoo animals in China are affected by a range of intestinal protozoa infections. Emphasizing molecular identification for specific parasite species or genotypes is crucial for a better understanding of the zoonotic risk. Preventing and controlling parasitic diseases in zoos is not only vital for zoo protection and management but also holds significant public health implications.

Vaccine Hesitancy Among Us Travelers

Diseases are increasing in prevalence around the world. American travelers are at greater risk of contracting the disease when traveling outside the country to an endemic region. The safety of visitors to mosquito-endemic destinations is more important than ever. Because a vaccine does not exist for prevention or as a prophylactic, tourists are in jeopardy of fatal sicknesses. Thus, if a vaccine existed, it would be important to understand the likelihood of taking such a vaccine. This study sought to identify specific demographic and attitudinal variables that may be the best predictors of the likelihood of getting a Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) vaccine. An online survey of US travelers intending to travel to the Caribbean in the next 3‐5 years was used to gather information related to personal protection motivations, behaviors, and knowledge of CHIKV. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to determine the best predictor of getting a CHIKV vaccine. Results suggested that the best predictor of getting the vaccine was trust. Using scenarios and predicting the use of vaccines in today’s environment are effective ways of determining vaccine support and the likelihood of engaging in this personal protective behavior, should it become commercially available. Such efforts can improve ways to manage, control, and message regarding CHIKV.

Funding and implementing a lease compliance programme

This paper seeks to offer a case study of overseeing lease compliance functions for governmental tenants housed in commercial lease office space. Lease compliance is defined as appropriate landlord and public tenant performance in leased facilities, which includes ensuring tenant satisfaction and tenant adherence to facility guidelines, as well as landlord responsiveness to facility issues that occur. The Maryland Department of General Services (DGS) developed an initiative several years ago to fund, implement and design a lease compliance programme to ensure that landlords are properly maintaining commercial office space for state functions and that state agencies and their clients are adhering to DGS tenant policies in commercial facilities. This paper shares the fee structure, billing process, design of the programme and functions of the compliance team which have helped provide financial oversight and ensure the health and safety of state employees and visitors. The lease compliance programme includes training of on-site tenant agency staff to help monitor building conditions and resolve minor facility issues that occur. Additionally, the programme also established a rating system for facility issues depending upon the severity of the event that has occurred in relation to life, health and safety of the employees and visitors at the site. The assigned ratings of ‘emergency’, ‘priority’ and ‘routine’ determine what action must be taken by a tenant agency and how quickly a response will be provided by DGS. This information was shared at a National Association of State Facility Administrators’ Conference in May 2023.