Safety Of Rechargeable Batteries Research Articles

Introducing nanodiamond-modified electrolyte to realize high capacity and rate performance of sodium ion batteries

The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) acts as a channel for sodium ions from electrolyte to anode, its structure and chemical properties are crucial to the Coulombic efficiency, cycling stability, and even safety of rechargeable batteries. In this work, using bio-carbon as an anode, and nanodiamond (ND) as electrolyte additive, the relation between ND and SEI properties and sodium storage performance is explored. It is found that ND is transferred to the surface of bio-carbon anode and induces the formation of stable and inorganic-rich SEI (such as NaF and Na2O). Besides, the introduction of ND significantly increases the ionic conductivity. The sodium-ion batteries with ND-electrolyte exhibit a superior reversible capacity of 340 mA g−1 after 400 cycles at 0.5 A g−1, long-term cycling stability (183 mA g−1 over 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1), and remarkable rate performance (157 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1), which is attributed to the fact that the presence of ND could provide additional storage sites and improve the stability of SEI. This study provides valuable guidance for improving the electrochemical performance of electrode materials by regulating the SEI in the optimal electrolyte.

Status, challenges, and promises of data‐driven battery lifetime prediction under cyber‐physical system context

AbstractEnergy storage is playing an increasingly important role in the modern world as sustainability is becoming a critical issue. Within this domain, rechargeable battery is gaining significant popularity as it has been adopted to serve as the power supplier in a broad range of application scenarios, such as cyber‐physical system (CPS), due to multiple advantages. On the other hand, battery inspection and management solutions have been constructed based on the CPS architecture in order to guarantee the quality, reliability and safety of rechargeable batteries. In specific, lifetime prediction is extensively studied in recent research as it can help assess the quality and health status to facilitate the manufacturing and maintenance. Due to the aforementioned importance, the authors aim to conduct a comprehensive survey on the data‐driven techniques for battery lifetime prediction, including their current status, challenges and promises. In contrast to existing literature, the battery lifetime prediction methods are studied under CPS context in this survey. Hence, the authors focus on the algorithms for lifetime prediction as well as the engineering frameworks that enable the data acquisition and deployment of prediction models in CPS systems. Through this survey, the authors intend to investigate both academic and practical values in the domain of battery lifetime prediction to benefit both researchers and practitioners.

Interfacial self-healing polymer electrolytes for long-cycle solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries

Coupling high-capacity cathode and Li-anode with solid-state electrolyte has been demonstrated as an effective strategy for increasing the energy densities and safety of rechargeable batteries. However, the limited ion conductivity, the large interfacial resistance, and unconstrained Li-dendrite growth hinder the application of solid-state Li-metal batteries. Here, a poly(ether-urethane)-based solid-state polymer electrolyte with self-healing capability is designed to reduce the interfacial resistance and provides a high-performance solid-state Li-metal battery. With its dynamic covalent disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonds, the proposed solid-state polymer electrolyte exhibits excellent interfacial self-healing ability and maintains good interfacial contact. Full cells are assembled with the two integrated electrodes/electrolytes. As a result, the Li||Li symmetric cells exhibit stable long-term cycling for more than 6000 h, and the solid-state Li-S battery shows a prolonged cycling life of 700 cycles at 0.3 C. The use of ultrasound imaging technology shows that the interfacial contact of the integrated structure is much better than those of traditional laminated structure. This work provides an interesting interfacial dual-integrated strategy for designing high-performance solid-state Li-metal batteries.

Interface Regulation via Electric Double Layer for Rechargeable Batteries.

Interphases, especially the electrochemically formed solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), are significantly important for cycling stability, reaction kinetics and safety of rechargeable batteries. The structure and composition of the electric double layer (EDL) greatly affect the formation of the SEI and the performance of electrodes. However, as far as we know, there is no review discussing the theme specifically. Herein, the recent substantial progress for EDL and its impact on the formation of SEI in rechargeable batteries are reviewed and discussed. Firstly, the specific adsorption of electrolyte components on electrodes' surface and the ionic solvation structure are introduced. Furthermore, various methods for controlling EDL in different electrode systems are described. Finally, the potential future advancements of the SEI through the manipulation of EDL are discussed, aiming to enhance the electrochemical performance of rechargeable batteries.

A review of advanced separators for rechargeable batteries

The separator is a key component for rechargeable batteries. It separates the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short-circuit of the battery and also acts as an electrolyte reservoir facilitating metal ion transportation during charging and discharging cycles. Separator selection and usage significantly impact the electrochemical performance and safety of rechargeable batteries. This paper reviews the basic requirements of rechargeable battery membrane separators and describes the features, benefits and drawbacks of different types of membrane separators. The structure, characteristics, fabrication, modification, and performance of the separators are discussed, including the microporous membrane, modified microporous membrane, nonwoven membrane, cellulose-based membrane, and electrolyte membrane. Finally, it also provides the outlook and suggests future directions for this field of study. • Separator is critical to the performance and safety of the rechargeable batteries. • The design principles and basic requirements for separators are overviewed. • The modification strategies in tailoring the separators' properties are discussed. • Separators with high-temperature resistivity and better safety are desirable.

Revealing Cathode–Electrolyte Interface on Flower‐Shaped Na3V2(PO4)3/C Cathode through Cryogenic Electron Microscopy

The electrode–electrolyte interfaces play a critical role in influencing the cyclic stability, Coulombic efficiency, and safety of rechargeable batteries. Although there are many recent efforts for investigating the solid electrolyte interface formed on anodes, much less attention has been paid to examine the cathode–electrolyte interface (CEI) established on cathodes. Understanding of the chemistry, morphology, and structure of CEI layers is still illusive requiring further in‐depth characterization. The cryogenic electron microscopy is used to reveal a 1.1 nm thick CEI layer formed on a flower‐shaped, carbon‐coated Na3V2(PO4)3/C (NVP/C) cathode in ether‐based electrolyte for Na‐ion batteries. The rationally designed NVP/C cathode delivers cyclic stability with a capacity retention of over 88% at 50 mA g−1 after 1600 cycles and an excellent high‐rate capability at up to 3200 mA g−1. These findings may shed new light on the design of CEI layers to achieve high energy and power densities in rechargeable Na‐ion/metal batteries.

Phosphate Electrolyte Design for Highly Reversible Sodium Ion Batteries

Sodium ion battery (NIB) is a very promising technology for the next generation of energy storage systems because of the abundance and low cost of Na in the Earth’s crust. However, the large-scale application of NIBs is still a challenge because of limited cycle life and potential safety concerns. In this regard, electrolyte plays a critical role in both cycle life and safety of NIBs. The battery stability is directly related to the properties of the electrode-electrolyte interphase. Therefore, designing advanced electrolytes with a stable electrode-electrolyte interphase is crucial to develop stable NIBs for their practical applications in large-scale energy storage. In this work, we report a phosphate-based electrolyte for sodium ion batteries with high capacity retention and excellent coulombic efficiency (99.9 %) during long term cycling. The details together with postmortem analysis of the cycled electrode will be discussed at the presentation. The insights obtained in this work can be used to further improve cycling stability and safety of rechargeable batteries.

Research on Selective filtering and PCNN for Nickel Foam Surface Defect Segmentation

As the key basis materials of Ni-MH and Ni/Cd battery electrode, the quality of the nickel foam products is closely related with the performance and safety of rechargeable batteries. In order to meet the requirements of automatic defect inspection, this paper proposes an image segmentation method for the appearance defects of nickel foam. Nickel foam image has the characteristics of a low degree of differentiation between foreground and background, basic structure of mutual adhesion, surface morphology for complex random texture features. In order to extract defects from complex nickel foam surface image, a novel selective filtering method is proposed to preprocess the original image, thereby reducing the effects of the above factors, and then a modified PCNN method is used to segment the defect area. The results show that the proposed method can effectively segregate the defects from the background, which lays a foundation for the automatic detection of the appearance quality of nickel foam.