Safety Elements Research Articles

The OCCHLTH Mnemonic-Construction and Content of a Tool for Increasing Awareness of Occupational Illness and Injury.

Unidentified or nonmitigated occupational illnesses and injuries can complicate disease management. The "occupational health" (OCCHLTH) mnemonic aims to raise awareness of work-related exposures and associated illnesses and injuries. Occupational safety and health history-taking elements were combined with peer-reviewed information [from the PubMed database (first review January 1, 2000, to February 8, 2016; updated to February 8, 2021)] about workplace exposure-outcome associations to create the mnemonic. Seven components constitute the OCCHLTH mnemonic. Literature results support its categories and subcategories. Three components represent symptom onset and health conditions. Four represent occupational exposures. Evaluating published occupational illness cases explored mnemonic applicability. Awareness of occupational risk factors can affect clinical decision-making. The OCCHLTH mnemonic encourages consideration of occupational causes of illness and injury to optimize patient care. Further evaluation of the utility of the OCCHLTH mnemonic is needed.

Assessment of Its Implementation on Safety on Yamuna Expressway

With the promise of fast connectivity between Greater Noida and Agra, the Yamuna Expressway represents modern infrastructure in India. Amidst all this splendor, though, is a grave worry: security. In order to reduce hazards and improve safety standards, this article investigates the complex network of obstacles that has been encountered while implementing safety measures on the highway. Numerous accidents, including fatalities, have been a recurring problem on the Yamuna Expressway since its opening. The expressway's relatively straight and smooth construction makes it easy for drivers to speed and act irresponsibly, which is the main cause of these incidents. Drivers disregard safety protocols and speed limits with complete disregard for the consequences, which is worsened by the lack of effective enforcement of traffic regulations. The absence of necessary safety elements is one of the primary obstacles to guaranteeing safety on the Yamuna Expressway. Poor lighting, inadequate signage, and restricted emergency services are some of the initial shortcomings that have greatly impacted drivers' ability to navigate safely, especially in bad weather or at night. There have been ongoing attempts to resolve safety problems, but the results have been mixed. The expressway's safety infrastructure has been strengthened by the implementation of measures such as crash barriers, better signage, expanded CCTV surveillance, and more police patrolling. Unfortunately, problems with corruption within law enforcement agencies, a lack of staff, and limited resources make it difficult to apply these restrictions effectively. The Yamuna Expressway can only be made safer with a comprehensive plan. A culture of safety among drivers can be greatly enhanced by public awareness programs that promote responsible driving and emphasize the repercussions of reckless driving. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) integrate cutting-edge tech to improve traffic management and accident prevention via tools like speed cameras, automatic toll collecting, and real-time traffic monitoring. The Yamuna Expressway is an impressive example of India's infrastructure, yet it will remain unfulfilled until the critical problem of safety is resolved. The Yamuna Expressway has the potential to become a model of safe and efficient transportation for the millions of people who use it every day if we recognize the problems, find lasting solutions, and encourage everyone to do their part to keep everyone safe.

THE USE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN PASSIVE AND ACTIVE SAFETY OF AUTOMOBILE

The article deals with the relevance of using composite materials of biological and synthetic origin in the elements of passive and active safety of the car. The topic of road safety is still topical, as cars are becoming more and more every year. The safety characteristics of vehicles should improve and environmental pollution should be reduced. To achieve these goals, various approaches of using composite materials in car body elements have been proposed. In addition to safety features, composite materials also reduce the weight of the vehicle. Such a vehicle picks up speed faster and consumes less fuel, reducing environmental pollution. Using the example of a Porsche car, parts made entirely and with carbon fiber are examined. A summary of the further use of the technology in the country and the world is given. The purpose is to show the importance of using composite materials in active and passive safety elements of the car. Method and methodology of the work. Theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and technical literature in the context of research into the prospectivity of the use of composite materials in the automotive industry. Results. According to the conducted research and practical experience examples are given in which areas of automobile construction composite materials can be used. Scope of application of the results. The results can be used in the design and development of passive and active safety elements.

Research of the latest technologies and approaches to ensuring safety at work

The implementation of appropriate measures and systems to ensure occupational safety depends not only on the economic efficiency of companies, but also on the life and health of employees, which makes this topic relevant. The purpose of the study was to assess the capabilities and effectiveness of leading technologies and new management approaches to ensuring safety at work in accordance with existing problems in the field of occupational safety. The main approaches used in the study are the statistical method, comparison, analysis, and the descriptive method. The study identified problems in the field of occupational safety in Ukraine, the main ones being a large share of undeclared labour and an inadequate system for recording accidents. Ways to ensure occupational safety are identified, which are primarily related to conducting conversations, motivating personnel, digitalisation of such safety elements as training, briefings, risk assessment, and incident management. Based on the analysis of the experience of global leading companies in ensuring occupational safety, effective practices for improving the effectiveness of the safety system have been identified, which include conversations with employees, special development and training programmes, the introduction of advanced technologies and unified safety systems. The conducted research allowed developing an occupational safety system that incorporates modern technologies and management approaches. The findings can be useful for company managers in selecting and implementing effective management measures and new technologies to ensure occupational safety

TRAFFIC PULSE-ROADWAY CONTROL SYSTEM

Rapid transit and transportation networks are essential to any country's economic progress. Long wait times, lost fuel, and financial losses are the outcomes of poor management and traffic congestion. For the sake of national development, a quick, affordable, and effective traffic control system is thus absolutely essential. In many nations, keeping an eye on and managing urban traffic is turning into a significant issue. The Traffic Monitoring Authority needs to come up with innovative ways to solve this issue because there are more and more cars on the road. Using automation and intelligent control techniques is one option to enhance the current transportation system's traffic flow and safety. Efficient and quick congestion relief is the aim. The project includes sound sensors that can recognize emergency cars as they approach in order to improve emergency vehicle detection. By prioritizing and streamlining emergency vehicle traffic at signalized junctions, this cutting-edge feature seeks to enhance overall traffic management and response times. Additionally, the concept has a novel element for pedestrian safety: when a signal changes from red to orange or orange to green, a dynamically triggered block is deployed. By erecting a barrier that guarantees pedestrians are securely clear of traffic before crossing, this creative solution seeks to improve pedestrian safety. Keywords: Traffic jams, traffic surveillance, automation, and clever control techniques, Changes in signals, sound sensors, emergency vehicle detection, quicker reaction times, barriers, and pedestrian safety.

Testing of the condition and performance of coupling links from screw couplings of train

This paper presents an analysis of train screw coupling used mainly in Europe as mechanical connection of wagons in train. An analysis of train breaks apart incidents revealed that less than 30 % of the cases were caused by elements of the screw coupling, with coupling links accounting for only 5 % of the failures. Therefore, the investigation focused on testing the coupling links, which are safety elements of the screw coupling. The coupling links underwent various inspections, including visual inspection, dimensional control, non-destructive testing, examination of chemical composition, and mechanical tests. Dimensional control found longitudinal plastic deformations of the links. Chemical examination revealed that the links were made of different material than recommended, but their mechanical properties generally met the recommended values. However, variations were observed among different links, likely due to different rates of deformation during testing and operational conditions. Overall, the analysis and inspections provided insights into the condition and performance of coupling links in the screw coupling system, highlighting the importance of monitoring and maintaining these elements to ensure safe and efficient railway operations.

Measurement of Supply Chain Resilience and Safety Level of China Lighting Industry Chain

The supply chain resilience and safety level of lighting industry chain are one of the key fields of domestic concern at present. Based on a literature review, the ideas and methods of measuring the supply chain resilience and safety level of lighting industry chain were put forward. Then, an evaluation index system of industry chain resilience and safety was established, which included five dimensions: the risk management level, integrity, control force, stability, and competitiveness of industry chain. Considering the resilience of China’s industry chain and the main safety difficulties faced, the evaluation system was used to measure and evaluate the supply chain resilience and safety level of China’s lighting industry chain on the basis of the specific connotations and core elements of industry chain safety. The evaluation results show that the total score of the supply chain resilience and safety level of China’s lighting industry chain is 0.92, indicating the relatively high supply chain resilience and safety level of China’s lighting industry chain. Suggestions are put forward to strengthen the management of technological innovation ability, low-carbon ability, and domestic self-sufficiency rate of input products, so as to boost the high-quality, sustainable, and rapid development of China’s lighting industry. The research results can provide a scientific decision basis for the supply chain resilience and safety level of China’s lighting industry chain.

Versatile Triblock Peptide Self-Assembly System to Mimic Collagen Structure and Function.

The construction of collagen mimetic peptides has been a hot topic in tissue engineering due to their attractive advantages, such as virus-free nature and low immunogenicity. However, all of the reported self-assembled peptides rely on the inclusion of risky elements of potential safety concerns or lack the capability of incorporating critical functional motifs. A versatile self-assembly design of pure synthetic peptides that can mimic the collagen structure and function remains an insurmountably challenging target. We have herein created a type of triblock peptide consisting of a central triple helical block and N-terminal/C-terminal blocks with oppositely charged amino acids. Favorable electrostatic interactions between the two terminal blocks have been demonstrated to trigger the triblock peptides to form collagen-like nanofibers with a distinct D-banding pattern. A length of 3 or above charged amino acid pairs as well as the maintenance of the triple helical conformation are required for the self-assembly of triblock peptides. Notably, integrin and discoidin domain receptor (DDR) binding sequences GFOGER and GVMGFO have been well demonstrated as vivid examples of convenient incorporation of functional motifs into the triblock peptides without interfering with their self-assembly. These triblock peptides provide a robust and versatile strategy to create next-generation peptide-based biomaterials that can recapitulate the structure and function of collagen, which have promising applications in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

The role of visual conditions and aircraft type on different aspects of pilot workload

ObjectiveThe objective of our work was to assess the impact of flight conditions by aircraft type on the workload estimated using NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). BackgroundLearning about subjective workload is important for assessing the impact of a pilot's work environment on their performance in the cockpit. This is an important element of flight safety and includes the prevention of aviation accidents. MethodsThe study included 146 military pilots that fly the following aircrafts: flying fast-jet (21), fixed-wing (24), and rotary-wing (101). The NASA-TLX questionnaire was used to assess workload and pilots were asked to determine the level of workload resulting from flying under the following conditions: daytime flight (VFR), night-vision flight performed under Night Visual Flight Rules (NVFR), and night-vision flight using night-vision goggles (NVGs). ResultsThe highest level of workload was consistently attributed to flights performed under NVG conditions. NVFR conditions were rated as the most burdensome, while VFR conditions were rated as the least burdensome. Fast-jet pilots rated their mental performance and effort workload as significantly higher than pilots of other aircrafts. ConclusionPilots’ perceived workload is influenced by both flight conditions and the type of aircraft they fly. Workload knowledge is important for flight safety and should be taken into account during training and flight-task planning. ApplicationThe results of our study can be useful both in flight training and in work on the effectiveness of the human-machine interface. Awareness of one's own limitations due to the work environment can help improve flight safety.

Measurement of Accident Risk and a Case Study from Hungary

For the cost-benefit analysis of road safety measures, it is essential to estimate the national value of statistical life. By calculating the updated values, it is possible to assess the aggregate national value of statistical life for road traffic crashes, thereby also characterizing the road safety situation in the country. It is important that the values set and the methods used are compatible with the practices of the European Member States. It must be stressed that updating the values is of major importance both for the cost-benefit analysis of the various road safety measures and for raising public and decision-makers' awareness of the huge losses. The full identification and use of loss figures is an important element of road safety. In this article we present possible methods for estimating the value of statistical life.

Surgical safety checklist compliance process as a moral hazard: An institutional ethnography.

Charting is an essential component of professional nursing practice and is arguably a key element of patient safety in surgery: without proper, objective, and timely documentation, both benign and tragical errors can occur. From surgery on wrong patients to wrong limbs, to the omission of antibiotics administration, many harms can happen in the operating room. Documentation has thus served as a safeguard for patient safety, professional responsibility, and professional accountability. In this context, we were puzzled by the practices we observed with respect to charting compliance with the surgical safety checklist (SSC) during a study of surgical teams in a large, urban teaching hospital in Canada (pseudonym 'C&C'). This article leverages institutional ethnography and a subset of data from a larger study to describe and explain the social organisation of the system that monitored surgical safety compliance at C&C from the standpoint of operating room nurses. This data included fieldnotes from observations of 51 surgical cases, on-the-spot interviews with nurses, formal interviews with individuals who were involved in the design and implementation of the SSC, and open-ended questions from two rounds of survey of OR teams. We found that the compliance form and not the SSC itself formed the basis for reporting. To meet hospital accuracy in charting goals and legislated compliance documentation reporting requirements nurses 'pre-charted' compliance with the surgical checklist. The adoption of this workaround technically violated nursing charting principles and put them in ethically untenable positions. Documenting compliance of the SSC constituted a moral hazard, constrained nurses' autonomy and moral agency, and obscured poor checklist adherence. The findings highlight how local and extra local texts, technologies and relations create ethical issues, raise questions about the effectiveness of resulting data for decision-making and contribute to ongoing conversations about nursing workarounds.

An Overview of Pharmaceutical Reconciliation

During the move between healthcare settings and changes in the medical status of patients, it is very important to update the correct drug regimen according to the clinical conditions to avoid the possibility of medical errors. Nearly half of medication errors occur during initial admission, transfer between hospital departments, and before discharge. Among these errors, about 30% of cases have the potential of seriously harming the patient. Some risk factors, such as old age and the number of drugs used, are associated with an increased risk of medication discrepancies. The medication reconciliation process can significantly reduce the risk of potential errors. It includes obtaining, verifying, and documenting a list of the patient's current medications and comparing it to the patient's medication orders and condition to identify and resolve any discrepancies. Comparing what is being prescribed in one setting with what is being taken in another will prevent errors of drug-drug interactions, omission, and other discrepancies. Pharmaceutical reconciliation is an important element of patient safety and rational drug use, and it can significantly contribute to the health economy.

Corrosion Control and its Application in Marine Environment - A Review

It is natural to define marine corrosion in terms of the different zones in which the corrosion occurs such as atmosphere splash, tidal and sea mud etc. However, this study focused on issues affecting the marine structures, different types of corrosion and their impact on the marine steel structures as well as the machinery/equipment. Furthermore, several control measures of corrosion necessary to avert corrosion in marine environments were discussed. However, it was established that prolonged contact of marine structures with seawater would lead to corrosion as well as ruing the safety elements present. Thus, the study provides potential information to material scientists on the need for using structural steels of adequate mechanical properties.

Force and Pressure Dependent Asymmetric Workspace Research of a Collaborative Robot and Human

This article discusses creating a methodology for the asymmetric measuring of values and processes of collision forces and pressures of the collaborative robot dependent on time. Furthermore, it verifies the usefulness of this methodology in practice by successfully performing the experimental measurement and verifying the possibility of using these results by analysing and stating the collaboration level for a robot of the given type. According to the suggested methodology, the measurement results are a specific output based on real measured data, which can be easily rated and can quickly determine the collaborative level of any robot. Measurements were aimed at determining the values of pressure and force with which the robot acts at certain speeds related to distance from the base. Due to the controlled symmetrical impact of the robot on the measuring device, the transfer of energy from the robot to the human body was guaranteed. In theoretical terms, this article primarily provides the assembly of the theoretical foundation of the collaborative environment between humans and robots, and a comprehensive overview of the possibilities of using the technical specification ISO/TS 15066:2016 when deploying a robot in collaboration with humans in a collaborative environment. This new information is highly valuable for both manufacturers and users of collaborative robots. The presented article analyses the possibilities of measuring collaboration and safety elements in cooperation with a robot. The most significant practical benefit is the presentation of a methodology for measuring robot collaboration and verifying its functionality by conducting experimental measurements of robot collaboration according to this methodology. The measurement was performed on a robot made by Universal Robots, model UR10. The measurement coordinates were stationed in a way to create a spatial measurement model. Boundary coordinates of the spatial model were as follows: [450; 200], [450; 500], [850; 200], and [850; 500]. Collisions were measured at 8 different speeds for each coordinate (20 mms−1, 50 mms−1, 100 mms−1, 200 mms−1, 250 mms−1, 300 mms−1, 350 mms−1, and 400 mms−1) to enable the observation of changes in accordance with speed. The measured values indicate a significant fact: the closer the collision is to the robot’s base, the higher the collision forces. An important aspect is that the measured values were only for speeds up to 400 mms−1, which is a very low value for industrial use to meet the desired cycle time. It can be stated with absolute certainty that speed has the greatest impact on collision force values. The speed of the collaborative robot arm can therefore be considered a limiting factor for use in industrial applications with a requirement of a short cycle time. Focusing on the results of the measured values, it can be stated that a new finding is the correct design of robotic movements in relation to possible contact with humans is crucial. The result of the measurement according to the proposed methodology is a specific output of realistically measured data, which can be easily evaluated and the level of collaboration of any robot can be quickly determined. The measured data will also serve as a basis for further processing and preparation of new simulation software. It will be possible to use the intended software for detecting and predetermining the safe asymmetric movements of the collaborative robot already at the stage of production preparations, unlike the method of measuring force and pressure on robots which can be used until the time of implementation into production. In the future, this software may also allow users of collaborative robots to easily and quickly evaluate the robots specified.

Nursing Students' Perception of Just Culture and Development of Self-Confidence With Clinical Judgment: A Scoping Review.

The aim of this study was to determine what is currently known about just culture's impact on nursing students' development of self-confidence with clinical judgment. Graduates of nursing programs must execute sound nursing judgment to provide safe client care. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guided the scoping review. The review elicited 1,411 sources and included 18 data sources. Just culture was found to provide elements of trust, fairness, and psychological safety needed by nursing students to be self-confident in learning and executing clinical judgments that promote client safety. Just culture promotes client safety in nursing education. Limited information exists on just culture's influence on student self-confidence with clinical judgment; more research is therefore required.

Factors Influencing Worker Safety in Grain Handling: An Advisory Panel Perspective

HighlightsFindings confirmed that out-of-condition grain is a primary causal factor in grain entrapment and engulfment.The advisory panel confirmed that grain quality has implications for grain dust explosions.Findings highlighted a lack of in-depth knowledge expected from an expert panel, specifically on aspects of protective grain quality traits.Abstract. Out-of-condition grain has been identified as a primary causal factor in grain entrapments and engulfments. The quality of grain also has implications for grain dust explosions. Limited research has examined exactly which elements of grain condition influence worker safety in grain handling. This research project aimed to establish an advisory panel to examine and provide input on how elements of grain condition relate to worker safety risks in grain handling. A purposeful sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of grain handling and storage experts to function in an advisory role for the project. A primary aim of this research was to understand the problem further, provide input on tested variables, and guide educational and dissemination efforts. As is true for qualitative methodologies, those selected as part of the targeted sample cannot be generalized to other experts in the field of grain handling. The final sample contained six industry representatives, five academic professionals, and two insurance/regulatory professionals. Participants interviewed had varied expertise with grain-based safety events. Of those interviewed, 23% of participants had personal experience, 54% had bystander or investigator experience, and 23% had training experience. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to further understand the problem, provide input on important elements in safe grain handling, and guide educational and dissemination efforts. Interviews were analyzed with a primary objective to identify elements of grain condition that play a role in the incidence of grain entrapment, grain engulfments, or grain dust explosions. NVivo 14 was used to conduct a thematic analysis, and four overall themes were identified, which included challenges to worker safety in the grain handling industry, areas where improved communication is needed, grain quality indicators that may play a role in safety incidents, and available mitigation strategies. The themes are the opinions of the advisory panel and may not reflect those of the entire grain handling industry. Keywords: Expert panel, Grain bin safety, Grain handling hazards, Grain quality.

Analyzing stability of protective structures as the elements of geotechnical tailing pond safety

Purpose is the assessment of soil retaining wall stability to ensure geotechnical safety during the radioactive waste tailing pond closure and further recultivation (or rehabilitation) in Kamianske town (Ukraine). Methods. Geomechanical stability of the protective structure has been assessed relying upon the analysis of geological-hydrogeological, engineering-geological, and geotechnical conditions of the certain tailing pond area using a deformation elastic-plastic model of a medium implemented on the basis of finite-element method. For the purpose, the dam slopes have been detalized taking into consideration their geometry as well as changes in vertical section of rock material characteristics in accordance with the earlier geophysical studies; exploration drilling; and engineering-geological surveys. Findings. Stability coefficients of protective tailing pond dam have been identified within the typical areas of a hydraulic structure; it provides high reliability and representativeness of the whole structure health in time as well as under various conditions of the industrial waste water saturation. It has been defined that the stability coefficients varies from ks = 1.372 to 4.758. Comparison of the indicators between 2022 and 2016 demonstrates a tendency of the slope stability coefficient decrease due to water saturation and groundwater level rise. Nevertheless, design characteristics of the structure make it possible to ensure satisfactory a stability coefficient along the whole dam length being 1.13 times higher than the standard one (i.e. ks = 1.250). Originality. The dependence of the tailing pond protective dam stability upon a water supply degree at the forecasted groundwater level rise at the expense of atmospheric and melt water ingress to the tailing pond has been defined. The danger of complete radioactive waste water saturation is a significant reduction in the stability coefficient of the protective structure, which can be supported by predictive modelling data. If strength parameters of a dam material decline for the most critical area then the strength coefficient decreases starting from 1.532 in terms of the current groundwater level down to 1.372 as for the forecasted dam water supply. The figure is more than 10% of its initial stability. Practical implications. The obtained results substantiate the necessity; moreover, they are of practical value while improving hydrological, hydrogeological, and geotechnical monitoring of the analyzed tailing pond to ensure its radiation safety under different conditions of further behaviour during closure, recultivation, or rehabilitation.

Reactive transport model for bentonites in COMSOL multiphysics: Benchmark and validation exercise

At present, the deep geological repository concept for spent nuclear fuel is considered the most reliable and safe technique for the permanent disposal of this type of waste. One of the many safety elements used is an engineered barrier made of compacted bentonite. This material allows the encapsulated waste to be isolated from the host rock. Therefore, there is great interest in a detailed study of the behavior of bentonites to different changes in the composition of the surrounding groundwater.In this context, this work presents a new reactive transport model for bentonites implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics platform. The model contemplates a non-simplistic geochemical system composed of 42 species and 4 minerals. Reactive transport involves the diffusive-dispersive-advective processes defined by the Nernst Planck equations for two overlapping modeling levels (macro- and microstructural) to simulate the behavior of double-porosity media. The uniqueness of this model is that the system of equations used to calculate the chemical speciation problem and the advective-diffusive-dispersive transport can be integrally solved in COMSOL. The model has been satisfactorily verified and validated using the benchmark exercise consisting of the simulation of the multicomponent advective-diffusive column experiment conducted on a compacted bentonite core extracted from a field experiment (LOT project) in the Äspö Hardrock laboratory (Sweden).

Sustainable Healthcare Resilience: Disaster Preparedness in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province Hospitals

In a world increasingly vulnerable to environmental and health crises, sustainable healthcare systems are crucial. This study focuses on the resilience and sustainability of healthcare services in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province, assessing their readiness to endure and adapt amidst disaster scenarios. Conducted through a cross-sectional survey involving 522 hospital employees, the research provides an in-depth analysis of various sustainability-related aspects of healthcare preparedness. This includes examining both structural and non-structural safety elements, standard operating procedures, staff training in disaster response, data security, and sustainable management of resources during emergencies. The results reveal a noteworthy commitment to sustainable disaster preparedness: 53.7% of hospitals, predominantly governed by the Ministry of Health, have implemented comprehensive disaster recovery plans. Furthermore, the study found a strong representation of female participants (54.2%) in these hospitals. A significant 64.1% of respondents confirmed the existence of disaster recovery plans in their workplaces, and an even higher percentage, 70.6%, reported receiving specific training in disaster response. These findings underscore the proactive efforts of Eastern Province hospitals in fostering a sustainable and resilient healthcare framework, demonstrating an approach that prioritizes preparedness beyond immediate crisis response. This proactive stance is pivotal in ensuring the continuity of healthcare services amidst the ever-evolving nature of global disasters.

Three-Point Safety Polymeric Belt Webbing versus Four-Point Belt for a Race Car in Frontal Crashes.

Polyester is currently the main material used for the manufacture of safety belts used in car transport for the protection of passengers and the driver. The seat belt is the main passive safety element used in vehicle engineering. In this work, the behavior of two safety belts, one with three-point fastening and the other with four-point fastening, which equip the seat of a racing car used in Formula Student for use in a frontal impact with a vertical wall. A model with finite elements is used to describe the entire car-driver shock-absorber assembly. The von Mises stresses calculated for both cases under consideration are below the tensile strength. The tensions arising in the belt and the accelerations required at various points of the driver's body are determined by both the properties of the utilized polyester and the chosen construction variant. The obtained results justify the use of the three-point and four-point belt in the cases of both common and race cars.