Safety Culture Research Articles

The Effect of Safety Climate on Safety Performance Within Drilling Operation Workgroup in Company Z In Indonesia

Drilling is one of activities in Upstream O&G Industry which possess high cost and high risk. In 2022, drilling activities contributed to 27% of accidents in upstream O&G operations worldwide. At the early 2023, there had been an increase of work-related accident in drilling operation Region A of Company Z in Indonesia, including accident with fatality consequences. This condition indicated a decline in safety performance in the company. Based on the investigation result, it was shown that “Human Factors” as one of the main root causes. Safety climate can be used to determine individual perceptions in motivating workers to perform their job by prioritizing safety. This study analyses factors contribute to Safety Climate based on NOSACQ-50, namely Management Safety Priority, Commitment, and Competence (MP), Management Safety Empowerment (ME), Management Safety Justice (MJ), Worker’s Safety Commitment (WC), Worker’s Safety Priority and Risk Non-acceptance (WP), Safety Communication, Learning, and Trust in Co-worker Safety Competence (SC), and Worker’s Trust in the Efficacy of Safety System (WT), and their relationship with Safety Performance (SP) within Drilling Operation Workers in Company Z Regional A, specifically in Area 1. Data collected through questionnaires and analysed with SEM Method. The result shows that safety climate aspects concerning conditions at management (MP, ME, and MJ) have indirect relationship to SP. Meanwhile safety climate aspects concerning conditions within workgroup (WC, SC, and WT) have direct and positive relationship to SP, except on WT which has indirect relationship as well to SP. This anomaly could be related with the condition of WP within workgroup which show the weakest safety concern compare to other aspect. This study provides an overview of Safety Climate condition in Company Z Regional A Area 1. Feedbacks are also given to the management as an intervening option to improve safety aspect in the company.

The influence of hospital accreditation on nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture

ObjectivesHospitals’ accreditation process is carried out to enhance the quality of hospitals’ care and patient safety practices as well. The current study aimed to investigate the influence of hospitals’ accreditation on patient safety culture as perceived by Jordanian hospitals among nurses.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional correlational survey was used for the current study, where the data were obtained from 395 nurses by convenient sampling technique who were working in 3 accredited hospitals with 254 nurses, and 3 non-accredited hospitals with 141 nurses, with a response rate of 89%.ResultsThe overall patient safety culture was (71.9%). Moreover, the results of the current study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the perceptions of nurses in accredited and non-accredited hospitals in terms of perceptions of patient safety culture.ConclusionThe current study will add new knowledge about nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture in both accredited and non-accredited hospitals in Jordan which in turn will provide valid evidence to healthcare stakeholders if the accreditation status positively affects the nurses’ perceptions of patient safety culture or not. Continuous evaluation of the accreditation application needs to be carried out to improve healthcare services as well as quality and patient safety.

High Reliability in a Safety Net Hospital Leading to Operational Excellence.

The objective of this work was to establish sustainable systems for quality improvement in an Academic Medical Center and Safety Net Hospital. High reliability principles of leadership engagement, a culture of safety, and sustainable performance improvement were used. Target areas for improvement were clinical outcomes for patients, public reputation scores, and lower cost of care. The system was based on annual focused goals with specific targets, improvement teams, transparent scorecards, and data driven work. Program visibility was championed by leaders. Consistent education on quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness for all employees created buy-in. Data review and accountability tracked progress, helped resource allocation, and defined next steps. In the first 5 years, all patient quality and safety metrics improved between 10% and 60%. This improvement resulted in higher CMS Star Ranking and Leapfrog patient safety grade. The next phase included maximizing value by expanding into hospital operations and finance with a focus on improved clinical documentation and reduced length of stay and cost of care. Clinical documentation improvement led to a 15% increase in comorbidity capture. This positively impacted reported outcomes and hospital payment by appropriate risk adjustment. Length of stay was addressed with a new care coordination program and physician-driven utilization review. High reliability principles are applicable in a resource limited healthcare system. Improved clinical and operational results were achieved through goal setting, improvement teams, and data driven projects leading to creation of an office of operational excellence.

A Literature Review on the Relationship Between Hofstede’s National Culture Framework and Occupational Safety

According to data released by ILO, 340 million occupational accidents leading to economic losses, injuries, and deaths occur annually. In the literature, national culture, whose importance gradually increases with the working environment increasingly multicultural, was indicated as one of the factors that affect occupational safety. In this study, 20 articles examining the relationship between national culture and occupational safety over Hofstede's national culture dimensions were identified. These studies were reviewed in terms of the safety factor they examined, the method used, the sector and the results obtained. In addition, the studies were discussed in detail in terms of the effect of national culture on occupational safety. Accordingly, safety performance and safety attitudes were the most studied safety dimensions, questionnaires were the most used method and construction, aviation, oil and gas, and shipping sectors were the most examined sectors. Most of the studies were identified to be in favour of the negative effect of IDV on occupational safety, the negative effect or ineffectiveness of MAS, and the positive effect of UAI and LTO. However, there was a total disagreement about the impact of PDI. This study is expected to provide a better understanding of the national culture and occupational safety relationships, thereby guiding decision-makers in policy development and regulation related to occupational safety.

The Influence Of Healthcare Practitioners' Attitudes, The Role Of Teamwork, And The Physical Environment On Patient Safety Culture In Jakarta Hospitals

Patient safety is the primary goal in providing healthcare services. This can be realized by upholding a culture of patient safety, which refers to the values, beliefs, and behaviors held by hospital staff that prioritize patient safety. This study aims to determine the influence of healthcare practitioners' attitudes, the role of teamwork, and the physical environment on patient safety culture in Jakarta hospitals, as well as to formulate recommendations to improve patient safety culture in these hospitals. The study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional research design. Data for this study were collected through questionnaires, observations, and documentation studies. The population in this study consists of all healthcare practitioners in Jakarta hospitals, with sampling conducted using convenient sampling techniques. Data analysis techniques in this study include validity testing, reliability testing, and regression analysis using SPSS software. The results of the study indicate that healthcare practitioners' attitudes, the role of teamwork, and the physical environment have a positive and significant impact on patient safety culture in Jakarta hospitals.

P.031 SMILES: Sunnybrook-St. Michael’s Integrated Leadership/QI in Endovascular Stroke care – enhancing hyperacute stroke protocols for optimized door-to-intervention times

Background: Hyperacute stroke care demands rapid, coordinated care. Traditional metrics like Door-to-Needle time are pivotal but insufficient for capturing the complexity of endovascular stroke interventions. The SMILES collaboration aims to standardize and optimize protocols for door-to-intervention times, incorporating Crew Resource Management (CRM). Methods: The multidisciplinary initiative integrates both hospitals, ED, neurology, and QI teams. We employed a comprehensive approach: stakeholder engagement, simulation-based learning, process mapping, and literature review. Emphasis was placed on enhancing situational awareness, triage and prioritization, cognitive load management, role clarity, effective communication, and debriefing. Results: The collaboration led to PDSA cycles and development of refined stroke protocols. Interventions included: 1) A ’zero point survey’ for team pre-arrival briefings, enhancing situational awareness and role clarity; 2) Streamlined patient registration to reduce cognitive load and improve triage efficiency; 3) Direct transfer of patients to imaging. Additionally, digital tools were implemented to facilitate communication. Simulation sessions reinforced CRM principles, leading to improved team cohesion and operational performance. Conclusions: The SMILES initiative is grounded in CRM principles by standardizing protocols and emphasizing non-technical skills crucial for high-stakes environments. This improves outcomes but also fosters a culture of safety and efficiency. Future directions include an evaluation of these protocols’ impact on patient factors.

Global consensus statement on simulation-based practice in healthcare

Simulation plays a pivotal role in addressing universal healthcare challenges, reducing education inequities, and improving mortality, morbidity and patient experiences. It enhances healthcare processes and systems, contributing significantly to the development of a safety culture within organizations. It has proven to be cost-effective and successful in enhancing team performance, fostering workforce resilience and improving patient outcomes. Through an international collaborative effort, an iterative consultation process was conducted with 50 societies operating across 67 countries within six continents. This process revealed common healthcare challenges and simulation practices worldwide. The intended audience for this statement includes policymakers, healthcare organization leaders, health education institutions, and simulation practitioners. It aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally. Key recommendations Advocating for the benefits that simulation provides to patients, staff and organizations is crucial, as well as promoting its adoption and integration into daily learning and practice throughout the healthcare spectrum. Low-cost, high-impact simulation methods should be leveraged to expand global accessibility and integrate into system improvement processes as well as undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. Support at institutional and governmental level is essential, necessitating a unified and concerted approach in terms of political, strategic and financial commitment. It is imperative that simulation is used appropriately, employing evidence-based quality assurance approaches that adhere to recognized standards of best practice. These standards include faculty development, evaluation, accrediting, credentialing, and certification. We must endeavor to provide equitable and sustainable access to high-quality, contextually relevant simulation-based learning opportunities, firmly upholding the principles of equity, diversity and inclusion. This should be complemented with a renewed emphasis on research and scholarship in this field. Call for action We urge policymakers and leaders to formally acknowledge and embrace the benefits of simulation in healthcare practice and education. This includes a commitment to sustained support and a mandate for the application of simulation within education, training, and clinical environments. We advocate for healthcare systems and education institutions to commit themselves to the goal of high-quality healthcare and improved patient outcomes. This commitment should encompass the promotion and resource support of simulation-based learning opportunities for individuals and interprofessional teams throughout all stages and levels of a caregiver’s career, in alignment with best practice standards. We call upon simulation practitioners to champion healthcare simulation as an indispensable learning tool, adhere to best practice standards, maintain a commitment to lifelong learning, and persist in their fervent advocacy for patient safety. This statement, the result of an international collaborative effort, aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.

Adverse event reporting attitude and its individual and organizational predictors among nursing staff: A multisite study in Chinese nursing homes

This study explored the status of adverse event reporting attitudes and its predictors among nursing staff in Chinese nursing homes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 475 nursing staff, and they completed sociodemographic and facility-related questionnaire, Incident Reporting Attitude Scale, Adverse Event Reporting Awareness Scale, and Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression models were performed. The mean score for adverse event reporting attitude was 125.87 (SD=15.35). The predictors included individual variables, such as education level (β=0.129, p = 0.001) and working years (β=-0.102, p = 0.007), and organizational variables, such as patient safety culture (β=0.503, p < 0.001) and adverse event reporting awareness (β=0.261, p < 0.001). These factors explained 35.3 % of total variance. Managers in nursing homes should strengthen team-targeted education and training for nursing staff with longer working years and lower educational backgrounds. Meanwhile, a simplified and non-punitive reporting system should be established to create positive safety management climate.

Pentingnya Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) pada Pekerja Bangunan terhadap Keselamatan Kerja

Construction workers are often exposed to high risks of injury and illness due to potentially dangerous work environments. Therefore, the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is very important to protect them from various threats on construction sites. Literature research conducted in recent years has provided consistent evidence regarding the benefits and importance of using PPE in the construction industry. Various types of PPE, such as safety helmets, safety shoes, protective eyewear, respirators, and gloves, have been shown to be effective in reducing the risk of physical injury and exposure to hazardous materials. Literature studies also show that implementing strict policies related to the use of PPE can reduce the rate of work accidents and work-related illnesses. In addition, proper training and awareness of the importance of occupational safety have been proven to increase worker compliance with the use of PPE. Factors such as adequate availability of PPE, strict standards, a strong safety culture, supervision, and ongoing education are key elements in ensuring effective use of PPE and improving occupational safety in construction workplaces. Therefore, continued emphasis on the correct and consistent use of PPE is a must in efforts to maintain the safety and health of construction workers throughout the world.

Effect of a Safety Leadership Training Including Coaching on Safety Performance and Climate in Wood-processing Companies

BackgroundThe wood-processing industry has historically exhibited high rates of occupational hazards resulting in illness and injury. One of the major causes of high injury rates is small firm size, as resource constraints generally preclude hiring safety officers. This study examined the effect of a safety leadership training program that included coaching for managers on workers' safety behaviors and safety climate in three wood-processing companies. MethodsOne or two managers at each site participated in this study. The manager training consisted of safety leadership education, safety observation, positive or corrective feedback on workers' behaviors, goal setting, and low-cost rewards for meeting goals. The dependent variable was the percentage of safe employee behaviors recorded on a critical behavior checklist developed for this study. Safety climate was measured before and after the intervention. An AB multiple baseline design across settings was adopted. After the baseline (A), the training program (B) was introduced to each site at different points in time. ResultsAfter the introduction of safety leadership training, the mean rate of safety compliance increased by 15.3%, from 80.38% to 95.68%, and safety climate scores increased significantly from an average of 3.2 to 3.47. ConclusionThese results suggest that safety leadership coaching can be effective in improving safety management in small sawmilling sites. Implications, limitations, and possible future research directions are discussed.

Factors influencing peripheral intravenous catheter practice of nurses in small and medium sized hospitals: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe importance of the peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) practices on patient safety is increasing. Small and medium-sized hospitals play a central role in the provision of healthcare services in South Korea, but lack a system for quality improvement, leaving patient safety at risk. This study aimed to identify the extent to which the PIVC practice knowledge of nurses, the nursing working environment, and the patient safety-culture perception affect PIVC practices and thereby provide basic data for improving the PIVC practices in small and medium-sized hospitals.MethodsThis study had a cross-sectional descriptive design to identify the factors affecting PIVC nursing practices in small and medium-sized hospitals. Questionnaires returned by 149 nurses collected data on general characteristics, practical knowledge of PIVC nursing, nursing working environment, patient safety-culture perception, and PIVC practices. The questionnaire data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé’s test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis.ResultsThe mean score of PIVC practices was 4.60 out of 5. Length of clinical experience, practical knowledge of PIVC nursing and patient safety-culture perception were significant factors affecting the PIVC nursing practices, with these variables explaining 26.2% of the variance therein.ConclusionsThe PIVC practices of nurses in small and medium-sized hospitals can be improved by providing education and training based on the latest standard or guideline to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge and skills. And campaigns and programs to strengthen patient safety culture perception specific to small and medium-sized hospital should be implemented. to ensure the safety of PIVC practice.

Safety Participation on Industrial Company: Emphasize Safety Leadership and Safety Climate with Safety Knowledge as Mediation

Purpose: This study aims to empirically test how safety participation can be improved through safety leadership, safety climate to foster safety knowledge in employees. Theoretical Framework: This study uses Omnibearing Leadership Theory to link between variables investigated related to the relationship between safety leadership and safety participation. Design/methodology/approach: The population in this study is employees of the production department at PT. X. While the samples involved in this study were 707 samples. Online questionnaire using accidental sampling. The questionnaires collected and included in the criteria amounted to 405 respondents. Finding: The results of the study empirically that safety participation is influenced by safety leadership, safety climate through safety knowledge. Research, Practical &amp; Social Implication: This research has theoretical implications and practical implications. Theoretically, it can be used as reading material by further researchers, as well as expanding research rules related to the topic of employee safety participation in the company. While practically it can be used as company evaluation material related to the research topic. Originality, value: This research is different from other research, especially from the conceptual model used, besides that this research was conducted in a chemical company that implements a safety management system.

An updated analysis of safety climate and downstream outcomes in two convenience samples of U.S. fire departments (FOCUS 1.0 and 2.0 survey waves)

BackgroundThe Fire service Organizational Culture of Safety (FOCUS) survey is an assessment tool comprised of psychometrically validated metrics of safety climate, safety behavior, and downstream outcomes (organizational and injury) that are specific to the U.S. fire and rescue service.MethodsThis analysis consists of a descriptive summary of two independent survey waves (FOCUS 1.0 and 2.0). The fire departments included in these survey waves were from convenience sampling (n1.0 = 275; n2.0 = 170). In addition to department level characteristics, we examined individual level characteristics for firefighters and EMS providers in participating departments (n1.0 = 22,719; n2.0 = 16,882). We conducted regression analyses to examine the associations between safety climate and safety behaviors, organizational outcomes, and safety outcomes. All analyses were stratified by organization type (career, volunteer).ResultsOur analysis indicated that a majority of respondents were males (90.7%FOCUS 1.0; 90.4%FOCUS 2.0), non-officers (68.4%FOCUS 1.0; 66.4%FOCUS 2.0), and non-Hispanic Whites (70.8%FOCUS 1.0; 69.5%FOCUS 2.0). For both samples there was a higher prevalence of injuries among individuals in career departments (nFOCUS 1.0 = 3778 [17.5%]; nFOCUS 2.0 = 3072 [18.7%]) than volunteer departments (nFOCUS 1.0 = 103 [8.8%]; nFOCUS 2.0 = 34 [7.4%]). We observed an approximate 10-point difference between the mean scores of Management Commitment to Safety for career and volunteer departments in both samples. We observed associations for two organizational outcomes, Safety Behavior and Job Satisfaction, with Management Commitment to Safety and Supervisor Support for Safety overall and when stratified by organization type. We observed a decrease in the odds of injuries associated with a one-unit increase in Management Commitment to Safety (OR1.0 overall: 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99; OR2.0 volunteer: 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.95) and Supervisor Support for Safety (OR1.0 overall: 0.95, 95% CI 0.93–0.97; OR1.0 career: 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.98).ConclusionsFrom our current study, and a prior analysis of a geographically stratified random sample of U.S. fire departments, we identified that from all the organizational outcomes, job satisfaction was most consistently associated with FOCUS safety climate. Further, firefighters in our samples consistently rated Supervisor Support for Safety higher than Management Commitment to Safety. Future interventions should support fire departments in improving their departmental Management Commitment to Safety and maintaining their Supervisor for Safety.

Analysis of The Effect of The Implementation of The Behavior Based Safety (BBS) Program By Company Management on Labor Behavior At PT. HYZ

HYZ Company is a goods shipping and logistics company in the maritime sector with a significant risk of work accidents, especially in the Occupational Health and Safety aspect. The company has implemented a Behavior Based Safety (BBS) program since 2011 to reduce the risk of accidents. This program is designed to increase safe behavior in the workplace and reduce accident incidents. Although BBS is known to reduce work accidents by up to 40-75%, HYZ Company has not conducted an in-depth analysis to determine the extent to which the implementation of this program affects the level of compliance with Occupational Health and Safety principles, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), safe work procedures and other safety practices. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of BBS at HYZ Company in the context of Occupational Health and Safety, focusing on changing workers' behavior and levels of compliance with safety standards. The results of this research can help companies strengthen their Occupational Health and Safety systems and reduce the risk of accidents while promoting a sustainable safety culture. With a better understanding of the impact of BBS on Occupational Health and Safety compliance, HYZ Company can take more effective measures to ensure worker safety and a safe working environment

Global consensus statement on simulation-based practice in healthcare

Simulation plays a pivotal role in addressing universal healthcare challenges, reducing education inequities, and improving mortality, morbidity and patient experiences. It enhances healthcare processes and systems, contributing significantly to the development of a safety culture within organizations. It has proven to be cost-effective and successful in enhancing team performance, fostering workforce resilience and improving patient outcomes.Through an international collaborative effort, an iterative consultation process was conducted with 50 societies operating across 67 countries within six continents. This process revealed common healthcare challenges and simulation practices worldwide. The intended audience for this statement includes policymakers, healthcare organization leaders, health education institutions, and simulation practitioners. It aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.Key recommendations Advocating for the benefits that simulation provides to patients, staff and organizations is crucial, as well as promoting its adoption and integration into daily learning and practice throughout the healthcare spectrum. Low-cost, high-impact simulation methods should be leveraged to expand global accessibility and integrate into system improvement processes as well as undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. Support at institutional and governmental level is essential, necessitating a unified and concerted approach in terms of political, strategic and financial commitment.It is imperative that simulation is used appropriately, employing evidence-based quality assurance approaches that adhere to recognized standards of best practice. These standards include faculty development, evaluation, accrediting, credentialing, and certification.We must endeavor to provide equitable and sustainable access to high-quality, contextually relevant simulation-based learning opportunities, firmly upholding the principles of equity, diversity and inclusion. This should be complemented with a renewed emphasis on research and scholarship in this field.Call for action We urge policymakers and leaders to formally acknowledge and embrace the benefits of simulation in healthcare practice and education. This includes a commitment to sustained support and a mandate for the application of simulation within education, training, and clinical environments.We advocate for healthcare systems and education institutions to commit themselves to the goal of high-quality healthcare and improved patient outcomes. This commitment should encompass the promotion and resource support of simulation-based learning opportunities for individuals and interprofessional teams throughout all stages and levels of a caregiver’s career, in alignment with best practice standards.We call upon simulation practitioners to champion healthcare simulation as an indispensable learning tool, adhere to best practice standards, maintain a commitment to lifelong learning, and persist in their fervent advocacy for patient safety.This statement, the result of an international collaborative effort, aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.

Self-initiated protection behavior based on Magna Carta of women: Women health workers, teachers, and minimum-wage earners in the workplace

The problem of violence in the workplace continues to expand and it casts a shadow on organizational environments all around the world. This phenomenon extends to different fields or sectors and is pervasive throughout a wide range of job environments, such as those in the healthcare industry, educational institutions, local and informal economies, and service industries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the actions of working women when their rights had been/will be violated. This quantitative study was conducted in Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines among women in academe (n=121) and health institutions (n=39), and women of minimum-wage earners (n=42). Findings indicated that working women in the region tend to seek information outside their organizations when violence will happen; they also seek information when their rights once were violated. In some instances, they would only file a complaint when they feel discriminated against and when equal rights in the workplace are not well implemented. Notably, minimum-wage earners and health workers are more likely to file a complaint than teachers. The findings resonate with broader societal patterns wherein hesitancy to report workplace violations are deeply embedded. Such behaviors perpetuate gender-based violence and hinder the development of gender-sensitive and conducive workplaces. To deconstruct the gender and development (GAD) limitations, interventions need to extend beyond the present organizational policies to instill a culture of empowerment and safety for all individuals, fostering an environment conducive to open discussions, proactive conflict resolution mechanisms, and reliable report systems.

Digital sailmate: enhancing safety through low-cost stability monitoring in artisanal fishing

Despite overall mortality decreasing, offshore fishing remains one of the riskiest work-based activities worldwide. For example, fishing communities in East Africa have a 43-fold higher rate of drowning than the general population. A lack of safety culture and knowledge around vessel stability contributes to this issue. Formal safety measures can be difficult to enforce, especially in small scale and subsistence fishing activities dominated by small artisanal boats. Digital technologies hold potential to effectively improve fishing safety. A digital safety device based on commonly held and relatively low-cost consumer products such as smartphones can provide increasing information to fishers enabling more informed safety decisions to be taken during vessel use. This paper proposes the algorithms for a prototype device to monitor stability of fishing vessels, with focus on the capabilities of low-fidelity data in stability assessment. The findings of experimental results at model and full scale are presented. The research indicates that an inclining test can be carried out with minimal training or knowledge base to allow an adequate stability assessment of a vessel before departure on a fishing trip. This baseline measure can then be used to track stability whilst underway as vessel motion is recorded and processed continually updating the stability assessment.

Psychometric properties and criterion related validity of the Norwegian version of hospital survey on patient safety culture 2.0

BackgroundSeveral studies have been conducted with the 1.0 version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) in Norway and globally. The 2.0 version has not been translated and tested in Norwegian hospital settings. This study aims to 1) assess the psychometrics of the Norwegian version (N-HSOPSC 2.0), and 2) assess the criterion validity of the N-HSOPSC 2.0, adding two more outcomes, namely ‘pleasure of work’ and ‘turnover intention’.MethodsThe HSOPSC 2.0 was translated using a sequential translation process. A convenience sample was used, inviting hospital staff from two hospitals (N = 1002) to participate in a cross-sectional questionnaire study. Data were analyzed using Mplus. The construct validity was tested with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity was tested using Average Variance Explained (AVE), and internal consistency was tested with composite reliability (CR) and Cronbach’s alpha. Criterion related validity was tested with multiple linear regression.ResultsThe overall statistical results using the N-HSOPSC 2.0 indicate that the model fit based on CFA was acceptable. Five of the N-HSOPSC 2.0 dimensions had AVE scores below the 0.5 criterium. The CR criterium was meet on all dimensions except Teamwork (0.61). However, Teamwork was one of the most important and significant predictors of the outcomes. Regression models explained most variance related to patient safety rating (adjusted R2 = 0.38), followed by ‘turnover intention’ (adjusted R2 = 0.22), ‘pleasure at work’ (adjusted R2 = 0.14), and lastly, ‘number of reported events’ (adjusted R2=0.06).ConclusionThe N-HSOPSC 2.0 had acceptable construct validity and internal consistency when translated to Norwegian and tested among Norwegian staff in two hospitals. Hence, the instrument is appropriate for use in Norwegian hospital settings. The ten dimensions predicted most variance related to ‘overall patient safety’, and less related to ‘number of reported events’. In addition, the safety culture dimensions predicted ‘pleasure at work’ and ‘turnover intention’, which is not part of the original instrument.

Impact of Collaborative Leadership, Workplace Social Capital, and Interprofessional Collaboration Practice on Patient Safety Climate.

Patient safety climate is an important factor in promoting patient safety for healthcare organizations. This study investigated the relationship between collaborative leadership and patient safety climate, the mediation effect of workplace social capital, or interprofessional collaboration practice. A web-based cross-sectional questionnaire survey was administered between May 2021 and May 2022, to employees of three acute care hospitals in Japan. The relationship between variables was verified by structural equation modeling. A total of 1,276 staff members participated in the study. Collaborative leadership affected the workplace social capital (β = .734) and interprofessional collaboration (β = .561), which were positively associated with patient safety climate (β = .403 and .405, respectively), verifying the mediating relationship of workplace social capital and interprofessional collaboration between collaborative leadership and patient safety climate. Collaborative leadership enhances the reciprocity and interprofessional practices of the healthcare team. The interaction among interprofessional team members fosters a patient safety climate. The results of this survey suggest that the development of collaborative leadership, which encourages interprofessional collaboration and fosters workplace social capital, is inherently crucial for cultivating a patient safety climate.

Exploring the multidimensional challenges in integrating Design for Safety (DfS) in the Ghanaian construction industry

Purpose The uptake of Design for Safety (DfS) practices in developing countries like Ghana has been limited. This study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the barriers across regulatory, organizational, cultural and educational dimensions that restrict DfS assimilation in the Ghanaian construction sector. Identifying the key impediments can inform policy initiatives and industry efforts to facilitate safer construction. Design/methodology/approach A postpositive philosophy underpinned the quantitative research. Multi-stage research was used. A comprehensive questionnaire survey was designed and given to six industry experts to assess clarity, relevance and effectiveness after a thorough literature review. In all, 164 professionals were reached to take part in the study using purposive sampling and consequently snowballing. “Variables” were ranked using mean score ranking and normalization techniques; exploratory factor analysis was then used to group variables into clusters. Findings Emergent findings revealed four distinct clusters of challenges; Design Process and Communication Challenges; Regulatory and Expertise Limitations; Planning and Education Constraints; and Attitudinal and Perception Barriers. These findings help identify targeted solutions to overcome barriers including developing robust regulatory frameworks, promoting collaboration among stakeholders and cultivating a positive safety culture. Originality/value This study provides new insights into the integration of DfS in the context of the developing construction industry in Ghana. This study expands the knowledge base to drive further research in enhancing construction safety in developing countries. Practical recommendations for overcoming these challenges are proposed.