Safe Supply Research Articles

Efficient Zn-Ion Pouch Cell Assembling Based on Aramid Nanofiber Hydrogel

With the fast advancement of portable and wearable electronics, it is urgent to develop safe, stable and flexible power supply devices. Safe and environmentally friendly aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have a low-cost and are perfect candidates for energy storage device in such applications [1-4]. Giving the general challenges, such as the formation of the dendrites on the Zn anodes and hydrogen evolution and side reactions, extensive and wide research has focused on building stable AZIBs with high performance, but less attention was paid to making Zn ion pouch cells which are flexible and with high capacity In this presentation, we developed an efficient method to assemble Zn-ion pouch cells based on the process of formation of the aramid nanofiber hydrogel. The method involves the dipping precursor solution, solvent exchanging, and in-situ electrodeposition of MnO2. The assembled Zn-ion pouch cells exhibit excellent mechanical performance, flexibility and electrochemical performance, which are ideal for portable and wearable electronics. Based on this method, we successfully assembled 3-layer (cathode/anode/cathode, A/C/A) and 5 layer (A/C/A/C/A) pouch cells with over 100 times higher capacity compared with coin cell. In addition, the pouch cell with aramid nanofiber hydrogel and in-situ electrodeposited MnO2 cathode on carbon nanotube mat demonstrates superior cycling stability [5,6]. More details about our assembling method for flexible and stable pouch cells for AZIBs and experimental measurements related to the cycling and stability characteristics, will be presented at the meeting.[1] Yu, Peng, et al. "Flexible Zn‐ion batteries: recent progresses and challenges." Small 15.7 (2019): 1804760.[2] Li, Yingbo, et al. "Recent advances in flexible zinc‐based rechargeable batteries." Advanced Energy Materials 9.1 (2019): 1802605.[3] Li, Chunyang, et al. "High-rate and high-voltage aqueous rechargeable zinc ammonium hybrid battery from selective cation intercalation cathode." ACS Applied Energy Materials 2.10 (2019): 6984-6989.[4] Yu, Feng, et al. "Aqueous alkaline–acid hybrid electrolyte for zinc-bromine battery with 3V voltage window." Energy Storage Materials 19 (2019): 56-61.[5] Wang, Peng, and Petru Andrei. "High Performance Separator and Hydrogel Based on Aramid Fibers for Zn Ion Batteries." Electrochemical Society Meeting s 242. No. 4. The Electrochemical Society, Inc., 2022.[6] Xu, Lizhi, et al. "Water‐rich biomimetic composites with abiotic self‐organizing nanofiber network." Advanced Materials 30.1 (2018): 1703343.

Novel flexible magnetoelastic biosensor based on PDMS/FeSiB/QD composite film for the detection of African swine fever virus P72 protein.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and severe hemorrhagic disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). The continuous spread of ASFV affects the safety of the global meat supply; therefore, the establishment of sensitive and specific detection methods for ASFV has become an important hot spot in food safety. Herein, we developed a flexible magnetoelastic (ME) biosensor based on PDMS/FeSiB/QDs composite films for the detection of ASFV P72 protein. Based on the high luminescence performance of CsPbBr3 quantum dots and the excellent magnetoelastic effect of FeSiB, flexible ME biosensors convert stress signals generated by antibody-antigen-specific binding into optical and electromagnetic signals. The nanostructures covalently linked by quantum dots and PDMS provide biomodification sites for ASFV P72 antibodies, simplifying the functionalization modification process compared to the case of conventional biosensors. The deformation of the PDMS film is amplified, and the conversion of surface stress signals to electrical signals is enhanced by exposing the biosensor to a uniform magnetic field. The experimental results proved that the flexible ME biosensor has a wide linear range of 10 ng mL-1-100 μg mL-1, and the detection limit is as low as 0.079 ng mL-1. Moreover, the flexible ME biosensor also shows good stability, sensitivity and specificity, confirming the potential for early disease screening.

Regulation of Added Substances in the Food Supply by the Food and Drug Administration Human Foods Program.

The US food supply is increasingly associated with diet-related diseases, toxicity, cancer, and other health harms. These public health concerns are partly attributable to a loophole in federal law. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) evaluates the premarket safety of ingredients regulated as food additives but allows the food industry to self-regulate and determine which substances to classify as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) based on undisclosed data and conclusions that the FDA never sees. Furthermore, the FDA lacks a formal approach for reviewing food additives and GRAS substances already found in the food supply. Substances in the food supply thus include innocuous ingredients (e.g., black pepper), those that are harmful at high levels (e.g., salt), those that are of questionable safety (e.g., potassium bromate), and those that are unknown to the FDA and the public. A recent court decision codified these gaps in the FDA's current approach, leaving states to try to fill the regulatory void. The FDA and Congress should consider several policy options to ensure that the FDA is meeting its mission to ensure a safe food supply. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print August 8, 2024:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307755).

Pantograph Slider Detection Architecture and Solution Based on Deep Learning.

Railway transportation has been integrated into people's lives. According to the "Notice on the release of the General Technical Specification of High-speed Railway Power Supply Safety Testing (6C System) System" issued by the National Railway Administration of China in 2012, it is required to install pantograph and slide monitoring devices in high-speed railway stations, station throats and the inlet and exit lines of high-speed railway sections, and it is required to detect the damage of the slider with high precision. It can be seen that the good condition of the pantograph slider is very important for the normal operation of the railway system. As a part of providing power for high-speed rail and subway, the pantograph must be paid attention to in railway transportation to ensure its integrity. The wear of the pantograph is mainly due to the contact power supply between the slide block and the long wire during high-speed operation, which inevitably produces scratches, resulting in depressions on the upper surface of the pantograph slide block. During long-term use, because the depression is too deep, there is a risk of fracture. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the slider regularly and replace the slider with serious wear. At present, most of the traditional methods use automation technology or simple computer vision technology for detection, which is inefficient. Therefore, this paper introduces computer vision and deep learning technology into pantograph slide wear detection. Specifically, this paper mainly studies the wear detection of the pantograph slider based on deep learning and the main purpose is to improve the detection accuracy and improve the effect of segmentation. From a methodological perspective, this paper employs a linear array camera to enhance the quality of the data sets. Additionally, it integrates an attention mechanism to improve segmentation performance. Furthermore, this study introduces a novel image stitching method to address issues related to incomplete images, thereby providing a comprehensive solution.

Construction of Utility Tunnel power supply and distribution system

As an underground structure that can accommodate multiple municipal pipelines, the utility tunnel can not only coordinate the planning, construction, and management of various municipal pipelines, but also achieve intensive development of urban underground space. In theory, any municipal pipeline can be included in the utility tunnel, thereby eradicating phenomena such as "road zippers" and "aerial spider webs" in the urban construction process. As a massive underground structure, the utility tunnel has its own electricity demand. Only by constructing a safe and stable power supply and distribution system inside the pipe gallery can it effectively ensure personal safety and the reliability of pipeline operation.

Operational recommendations for the implementation of home parenteral nutrition program of care according to the guidelines of the European society for clinical nutrition and metabolism

Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a complex therapy, which requires dedicated facilities and expertise. However, the management and provision of HPN differs significantly between countries and between HPN centers within countries. These differences lead to heterogeneity in the quality of care received by patients, with variable impact on the appropriateness, safety, and effectiveness of HPN, and resultant variability in the quality of life that a patient may expect.The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) have published guidelines on the appropriate and safe provision of HPN, with an associated practical version describing a short and precise way to implement the guidelines’ recommendations in clinical practice.This educational paper suggests means of implementation of evidence supported HPN guidelines, using “operational recommendations” applitngto healthcare professionals, administrators and stakeholders, with the ultimate aim of enhancing equity of patient access to an appropriate and safe HPN program of care.

Safe provision of nursing care as predicted by nursing students: A cross-sectional study

Background & Aim: Assessment of safety culture and nursing students’ competencies in patient safety is essential for readiness to provide quality and safe care. The objectives of the study are to examine how nursing students perceive patient safety culture and to evaluate factors that may influence their perceptions. Methods & Materials: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using the Slovak version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture for Nursing Students and the Questionnaire for Measuring Demographic Variables and Information on the Education Process. The study involved 242 nursing students from two faculties in Slovakia. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: None of the dimensions of patient safety culture was rated by the nursing students above the necessary level of 75 %. Statistically significant correlations and differences were found between the nursing students’ perceptions of patient safety culture and some selected sociodemographic variables. Multiple regression analysis revealed significant associations between the nursing students’ perceptions of patient safety culture and overall patient safety grade, the number of reported events in the workplace, and the number of reported events by nursing students. Conclusion: Recognising nursing students’ perceptions of patient safety culture enables identification of weaknesses, and early implementation of targeted interventions and educational initiatives to increase overall patient safety in care provision. Future research should focus on recognizing relationships between perceived patient safety culture, teamwork, education, and indicators of safe and quality care during clinical training from nursing students’ perspective.

Understanding the Knowledge, Perceptions, and Attitudes of University Students Toward Blood Donation and the Turkish Red Crescent: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background The need for blood arising from illness, surgery, and accidents is met through donations. With global population growth, both non-governmental organizations and public institutions are vital for blood supply and distribution. The Turkish Red Crescent, a leading non-governmental organization in blood donation and humanitarian aid, excels in both national and international contexts, ensuring a safe blood supply and reinforcing social solidarity during crises. This study aims to determine the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of students from different departments at a public university in Turkey regarding blood donation and the Turkish Red Crescent. Methodology This was a cross-sectional study. The study population included 34,442 Ege University students, with the sample consisting of 385 students who continued their education online due to the February 6, 2023, earthquake in Turkey and voluntarily participated in the study. Data were collected via an online survey. Results The study found that 56.9% (219) of the participants were female, 30.9% (119) were in the second year, and 16.6% (64) were from the Faculty of Science. Overall, 89.6% (345) of the students held positive views on blood donation. Further, 64.4% (248) showed a positive inclination toward donating blood, and 76.8% (296) viewed it as a social responsibility. However, 70.4% (271) of the students had doubts about whether the blood will reach those in need, and 61.6% (237) were concerned about this issue. Additionally, women donated blood more than men with significant differences in some attitudes based on gender. Conclusions The research revealed that students defined blood donation as a good deed and an indicator of human solidarity. On the other hand, students lacked knowledge about the Turkish Red Crescent and were undecided in some of their opinions about the Turkish Red Crescent.

Continuous Positive-Pressure Oxygen Supply Improves Fiberoptic Intubation Efficacy and Safety in Patients With Simulated Cervical Spinal Injury: A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study.

Fiberoptic intubation is an important method for tracheal intubation in patients with cervical spine injury. How to effectively and safely complete fiberoptic intubation while maintaining the stability of the cervical spine is very important. This study compared the efficiency and safety of fiberoptic intubation after anesthesia induction under different types of air pressure in patients with simulated cervical spinal injury. In total, 59 adult patients who underwent fiberoptic intubation with a cervical collar for simulated cervical spinal injury were randomly allocated to continuous positive-pressure oxygen, normal-pressure, or intermittent negative-pressure suction groups. After the induction of anesthesia and adequate 100% oxygenation, which confirmed effective neuromuscular blockade, it was deemed appropriate to begin fiberoptic intubation. In the continuous positive-pressure oxygen group, the fiberoptic device was connected through the negative-pressure suction path with 5 L/min oxygen. In the intermittent negative-pressure suction group, the fiberoptic device was connected to the negative-pressure suction device. In the normal-pressure group, the flexible fiberoptic device was not connected to either the oxygen source or the negative-pressure suction device. The intubation time was recorded as the primary outcome measure. The intubation success rate, number of attempts, minimum SpO2, objective lens contamination rate, and incidence of complications were also compared among the groups. Compared with those in the other groups, the median (range) intubation time in the continuous positive-pressure group was 59 (36-181) seconds, which was significantly shorter than that in the normal-pressure group, 167 (46-181) seconds, and the intermittent negative-pressure suction group, 132.5 (38-181) seconds (P=0.04). The success rate of nasotracheal intubation was significantly greater in the continuous positive-pressure group (94.7%, 18/19) than in the normal-pressure group (50%, 10/20) and intermittent negative-pressure suction group (50%, 10/20) (P=0.004). There was a significant difference among the three groups (P=0.043). The median (range) minimum SpO2 during fiberoptic intubation was 100% (99-100%) in the continuous positive-pressure group, 100% (90-100%) in the normal-pressure group, and 99% (88-100%) in the intermittent negative-pressure suction group (P=0.029). However, no statistically significant difference was detected among the groups with complications. The continuous use of positive-pressure oxygen via the negative-pressure suction pathway can improve the efficiency and safety of fiberoptic intubation in patients with simulated cervical spinal injury after anesthesia induction.

Response Patterns and Behavior of Seropositive Blood Donors: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Background Blood transfusion services are vital in healthcare, ensuring a steady and safe supply of blood for patients in need. Identifying seropositive blood donors and understanding their response patterns and behaviors are critical for improving the safety and efficacy of blood transfusion practices. Aim Our study aims to determine the response rate and pattern of blood donors who test reactive for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) and to understand the attitudes of reactive blood donors toward post-donation notification, follow-up, and counseling. Materials and methods Our study is retrospective audit analyzing the data record for a period of 24 months from October 2021 to October 2023 in the transfusion medicine department of a tertiary care hospital in southern India. All donations were screened for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, malaria, and syphilis. Results Of the total 8,276 donations during the study period, 117 (1.41%) were reactive for various TTIs. The highest prevalence was hepatitis B (0.61%), followed by hepatitis C (0.38%), then HIV (0.22%) and syphilis (0.14%). Of all the TTI reactive donors, 82 donors (70%) responded after communication, and the remaining 30% could not be contacted by any mode of communication. The most common reason for non-communication was the fabricated postal address given by the donors. Of the donors approached, 57 (48.7%) reinstated to our blood bank for further counseling and specific treatment. The donor's busy schedule and out-of-city residence were the main reasons for non-compliance with the follow-up protocol. Conclusion Informing donors of their serological status and providing post-donation counseling are crucial elements of blood transfusion protocol. Necessary knowledge about TTIs are to be instilled to the donors during the blood collection procedure. Moreover, its crucial for the donor to provide accurate demographic details aiding follow up and easy access during times of managing blood inventory.

The Preparation of a Polyamidoxime-Phosphorylated Cellulose Nanofibrils Composite Aerogel for the Selective Extraction of Uranium from Seawater.

Uranium is the most important fuel for nuclear power operations, and the safe supply of its resources is the key to the development of nuclear power in China. Because of the complex seawater environment and extremely low uranium concentration, extracting uranium from natural seawater poses a significant challenge. In this study, a polyamidoxime-phosphorylated cellulose nanofibril composite aerogel was prepared as an adsorbent for uranium extraction from seawater. An adsorption kinetics test, equilibrium adsorption isotherm model fitting, an adsorption-desorption cycle test, and a selectivity test were carried out to evaluate the adsorption performance of the composite aerogel for uranium extraction. The adsorption capacities for the initial concentrations of 4 and 8 ppm in uranium-spiked pure water were 96.9 and 204.3 mg-U/g-Ads, respectively. The equilibrium uranium adsorption capacities of uranium-spiked simulated seawater were 38.9 and 51.7 mg-U/g-Ads, respectively. The distribution coefficient KD of uranium was calculated to be 2.5 × 107 mL/g. The results show that the polyamidoxime-phosphorylated cellulose nanofiber composite aerogels prepared in this study have the advantages of low cost and high uranium selectivity for uranium extraction from seawater.

Global evaluation and outcomes of cholecystectomy: protocol for a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study (GlobalSurg 4)

IntroductionCholecystectomy is one of the most common operations performed worldwide. Although laparoscopic surgery has been the ‘gold-standard’ approach for this operation, there is a paucity of global evidence around the...

Study on carbon emission characteristics and its influencing factors of energy consumption in Sichuan Province, China

Clarifying the key sectors and influencing factors of carbon emissions from energy consumption is an important prerequisite for achieving the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals. This study calculated the carbon emissions of fuel combustion in 7 major departments and regional electricity trading of Sichuan Province from 2000 to 2021, and empirically analyzed the impact of energy structure effect, energy intensity effect, industrial structure effect, economic development level effect, and population size effect on the carbon emissions of energy consumption based on the LMDI model. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) LMDI model has the advantages of no residual and high interpretation. By refining the multi-departments of energy consumption and different types of fuel, it is helpful to improve the accuracy of empirical analysis results. (2) The carbon emissions of energy consumption mainly come from the fuel combustion process. Specifically, the industry sector composed of steel, building materials, chemicals and machinery is the key emission sector, and transportation and residential life are also vital. Regional electricity trading can indirectly reduce the intensity of carbon emissions while ensuring the safety of energy supply. (3) From 2000 to 2021, the energy intensity effect and the economic development level effect were key factors in slowing down and promoting the carbon emission growth of energy consumption in Sichuan Province, respectively. The population scale effect mainly played a positive role in driving carbon emissions, but the impact is small and almost negligible. Before 2012, the energy structure effect and the industrial structure effect were mainly positive driving effects, and after 2012, they all turned into negative inhibitory effects. This was mainly due to the low-carbon transformation of energy structure and the optimization of industrial structure.

Determining the strength of evidence for an association between sexual indicators and risk of acquiring HIV and sexulaly transmitted infections: Providing evidence for blood donation policy change.

In 2019 the For The Assessment Of Individualised Risk (FAIR) project began a review of UK blood donor selection policy to determine if a more individualised approach to donor selection could be safely implemented. An evidence base was required to inform selection policy to move from a population to a more individual based policy, specifically what sexual behaviours/indicators should be considered as screening questions to maintain the safety of the blood supply. Eight sexual behaviours/indicators were reviewed: history of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs), chemsex, number of recent partners, condom use, type of sex, sexual health service (SHS) attendance, new sexual partner and exclusivity. We conducted searches in multiple databases to identify literature looking at the association between these behaviours/indicators and HIV/STI acquisition risk. A scoring system to determine strength of evidence was devised and applied to papers that passed screening. Key studies were identified which achieved the maximum score and more in-depth reviews were conducted for these. We identified 58 studies, including 17 key studies. Strong evidence was found linking a previous bacterial STI, chemsex and increasing numbers of sexual partners to acquisition risk. Condom use, type of sex and new partners were found to have some strength of evidence for this link. SHS attendance and exclusivity had minimal evidence. We recommended that the behaviours/indicators viewed as having strong or some strength of evidence should be considered as screening questions in a more individualised approach to donor selection criteria.

Seroprevalence of infectious markers HCV, HBV, HIV and the agent of syphilis among blood donors from the blood transfusion center (BTC of Constantine) in a hospital in eastern Algeria

Microbial agents transmitted by blood transfusion, HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis remain a major problem for transfusion safety. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of infectious markers in order to contribute to the improvement of the safe and sufficient supply of blood. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out at the BTC SMK laboratory in Constantine covering the period from January 2019 to December 2021. Our sample is mainly composed of voluntary, adult, young and male donors. 9155 donors who underwent a screening examination during the period (2019-2021). The seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis was respectively 0.40%, 0.12%, 0%, 0.14%, with a male predominance whose age group [36-45 [ presents the highest frequency of HCV, HBV and syphilis. Our results justify donor selection and screening tests.

Impacts of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project on Land Surface Temperature and Fractional Vegetation Coverage in the Danjiang River Basin

The Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is a critical infrastructure that ensures optimal water resource distribution across river basins and safeguards the livelihood of people in China. This study investigated its effects on the land surface temperature (LST) and fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) in the Danjiang River Basin. Moreover, it examined the spatial and temporal patterns of this project, providing a scientific basis for the safe supply of water and ecological preservation. We used the improved interpolation of mean anomaly (IMA) method based on the digital elevation model (DEM) to reconstruct LST while FVC was estimated using the image element dichotomous model. Our findings indicated a general increase in the average LST in the Danjiang River Basin post-project implementation. During both wet and dry seasons, the cooling effect was primarily observed in the south-central region during the daytime, with extreme values of 6.1 °C and 5.9 °C. Conversely, during the nighttime, the cooling effect was more prevalent in the northern region, with extreme values of 3.0 °C and 2.3 °C. In contrast, the warming effect during both seasons was predominantly located in the northern region during the daytime, with extreme values of 5.3 °C and 5.5 °C. At night, the warming effect was chiefly observed in the south-central region, with extreme values of 5.8 °C and 5.9 °C. FVC displayed a seasonal trend, with higher values in the wet season and overall improvement over time. Statistical analysis revealed a negative correlation between vegetation change and daytime temperature variations in both periods (r = −0.184, r = −0.195). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation existed between vegetation change and nighttime temperature changes (r = 0.315, r = 0.328). Overall, the project contributed to regulating LST, fostering FVC development, and enhancing ecological stability in the Danjiang River Basin.

Epidemiological analysis of blood donors from college students in Hefei city.

College students represent a unique demographic group as they are adults no longer under direct parental care, yet often lack the institutional health support available to more established members of society, which can lead to their health needs being neglected, despite their substantial contributions to blood donation. The objective of this study is to shed light on the health status of college students in Hefei, with a specific focus on transfusion-transmitted diseases. Based on the detailed data analysis, the implementation of some constructive strategies will play a good warning role in improving clinical blood safety and promoting better health monitoring of this population in the future. The study aims to achieve two main objectives: On the one hand, to deepen our understanding of college students' participation in blood donation activities. On the other hand, to propose effective strategies for increasing youth involvement. Additionally, such research aims to afford recommendations for ensuring the safety of clinical blood supplies. Although the strategies and suggestions presented are speculative, they are grounded in the logical analysis of data and relevant theoretical frameworks. Therefore, these recommendations serve as a basis for potential future testing and implementation. The evaluation process for blood samples at the Hefei Blood Bank involves thorough serological testing for hepatitis B and C, HIV, and Treponema pallidum using both Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT). HIV reactive samples were further confirmed using Western Blot techniques at an external specialized laboratory. To ensure accuracy, each sample was tested with reagents from two different manufacturers. Moreover, any initially reactive sample was retested with the same reagent to eliminate potential false positives. In cases of conflicting results, alternative reagent kits are utilized for further confirmatory tests. Only samples that consistently show reactive results in consecutive tests are considered positive confirmation samples. Upon analysis of the data set, it was found that out of the total 663,105 donors, 177,089 (26.7%) were identified as college students, with the remaining 486,016 categorized as noncollege students. Our study demonstrated a notably lower prevalence of blood-transmitted infections among college students (0.48%) in contrast to the wider donor population (1.23%), underscoring their potential as safe blood donors. To uphold this level of safety and protect public health, it is crucial to increase disease prevention awareness and advocate for responsible donation practices within this specific demographic. Strengthening confidentiality protocols and expanding education on safe sexual behaviors in university settings are vital actions to cultivate an environment that promotes informed and secure blood donation. The overall group had prevalence rates of 0.44% for hepatitis B, 0.15% for hepatitis C, 0.02% for HIV, and 0.42% for Treponema pallidum. When focusing on the student cohort, the prevalence rates were 0.17% for hepatitis B, 0.04% for hepatitis C, 0.02% for HIV, and 0.23% for Treponema pallidum. Transmissibility through blood transfusion All donors (%) Students (%) Non-students (%) Any infection 1.23 0.48 1.51 HbsAg 0.44 0.17 0.54 Anti-HCV 0.15 0.04 0.19 HIV Ag/Ab 0.02 0.02 0.02 Anti-TP 0.42 0.23 0.49 Individuals with two or more infectious agents occur more than once in all categories. While it leads to numerical over-representation, such overlap is minimal and statistically insignificant.

The Water Hammer Characteristics of Long-Distance Water Pipelines under Different Water Supply Modes

The pressure characteristics of long-distance water pipelines during hydraulic transient processes are crucial for ensuring the safe, stable, and long-term operation of water transfer projects. This paper establishes a one-dimensional mathematical model based on sections of the Yinjiangjihuai long-distance water diversion project in China. The water supply requirements of the pipelines are categorized into two replenishment modes as follows: gravity supply and pump-pressurized water supply. The opening and closing strategies of the water pipelines under different flow conditions are simulated and analyzed to explore the hydraulic transient processes under various water supply modes. The transient variations of key hydraulic parameters during valve closure are clarified. Simulation results indicate that the water pipeline design is reasonable, meeting the water supply demands at relatively low Manning values and that it has the capability for long-term supply. Due to the excessive head provided by the pumps, pump-pressurized water supply and gravity supply modes cannot operate simultaneously. Under gravity supply mode, the minimum pressure in the downstream pipeline is relatively higher overall, while the maximum pressure in the upstream pipeline is relatively lower overall. In the pump-pressurized water supply mode, the safety and stability of the water supply can be ensured by adjusting the closing time of individual pumps and the interval time between adjacent pumps. The research findings provide technical guidance and scientific basis for the construction of national water networks and water transfer projects.

Water quality ensemble prediction model for the urban water reservoir based on the hybrid long short-term memory (LSTM) network analysis

ABSTRACT The water quality of drinking water reservoirs directly impacts the water supply safety for urban residents. This study focuses on the Da Jing Shan Reservoir, a crucial drinking water source for Zhuhai City and the Macau Special Administrative Region. The aim is to establish a prediction model for the water quality of drinking water reservoirs, which can serve as a vital reference for water plants when formulating their water supply plans. In this research, after smoothing the data using the Hodrick-Prescott filter, we utilized the long short-term memory (LSTM) network model to create a water quality prediction model for the Da Jing Shan Reservoir. Simulation calculations reveal that the model's fitting degree is consistently above 60%. Specifically, the prediction accuracy for pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in the water quality prediction model aligns with actual results by more than 70%, effectively simulating the reservoir's water quality changes. Moreover, for parameters like pH, DO, BOD, and total phosphorus, the relative forecasting error of the LSTM model is less than 10%, confirming the model's validity. The results of this study offer an essential model reference for predicting water quality for the Da Jing Shan Reservoir.

M140 - Trends in Use of Prescribed “Safer Supply” Opioids Among People Living with HIV and Opioid Use Disorder in Vancouver, Canada

M140 - Trends in Use of Prescribed “Safer Supply” Opioids Among People Living with HIV and Opioid Use Disorder in Vancouver, Canada