Safe Mode Research Articles

Research on the strategy of cruise control system for urban traffic jam assistant

This paper proposes a hierarchical cruise control strategy that can adapt to urban traffic scenarios. Firstly, the perception layer defines a target selection strategy by using a novel trapezoidal dangerous area. Then, the upper controller contains speed follow mode and distance follow mode. An improved PI mode with integral separation and saturation terms is developed to achieve the desired speed following control, a safe distance mode via variable time headway is developed to facilitate the safe and smooth distance following control. The lower controller is designed based on feedforward and PI feedback. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the strategy can effectively select suitable target vehicles in complex urban scenarios. With the improved safe distance model and the third-order Bessel actuator response delay model, the strategy exhibits adaptability and stability. This study offers valuable suggestions and guidance for designing and applying the cruise control strategy for urban traffic scenarios.

ID: 343936 Labor Epidural is a Safe and Effective Mode of Analgesia for Parturient with SCS Leads

ID: 343936 Labor Epidural is a Safe and Effective Mode of Analgesia for Parturient with SCS Leads

Regulatory profiling and endogenous benchmarking

Banks' responses to regulatory requirements have a direct effect on their balance sheet mix and their business models. The paper introduces the concept of regulatory profiling, which establishes a nexus between banks' operations and their regulatory choices. Regulatory profiling is a process that identifies an optimal number of regulatory peers sharing similar operational characteristics for a bank. We also introduce a novel methodology for identifying the optimal direction of improvement in bank operations through Principal Components Pursuit, thereby overcoming restrictive shortcomings of competing approaches. This methodology identifies the core operations within each regulatory profile, which are effectively projections of the actual operations, and uses the projected points as optimal directions of improvement. Using data from US commercial banks following the Dodd-Frank Act's relaxation, we find empirical evidence of convergence in operations while controlling for banks' regulatory responses. Core banking operations shift towards a safer mode of operations, arguably to improve capital adequacy. Our findings are validated for banks' risk and profitability while carry important policy implications, since regulatory profiling seems to matter the most for smaller banks.

Combustion synthesis of TiC- high entropy alloy CoCrFeNiMn composites from granular mixtures

The advantage of combustion synthesis is the ability to produce composites from powders in a single technological step, using the heat of an exothermic reaction, in a fast and energy-efficient manner. Ceramic-metal composites TiC–High-Entropy Alloy (HEA) CoCrFeNiMn were fabricated by combustion synthesis from granular mixtures. The content of the metal binder components varied from 10 to 30 wt% and the combustion velocity and temperature gradually decreased as the binder content increased. Scaling up synthesis requires clarification of the parametric range for implementing a safe combustion mode. The impurity gas content and the range of safe conductive combustion were determined from known theoretical models and experimental combustion velocities of samples of granules of 0.6 and 1.1 mm size. The main phases of the product were titanium carbide with up to 3 at. % Cr and HEA CrCoFeNiMn with a reduced Mn content compared to the equimolar composition. The content of secondary phases Cr7C3 and carbon did not exceed 5 wt%. The use of granular mixtures solved the problem of significant sintering of exothermic powder mixtures containing metal binder during combustion. After synthesis, the granules retain their size and do not sinter together, making it easy to grind the sample and obtain a TiC-HEA composite powder.

Progress towards permanent respiratory support.

Although lung transplantation stands as the gold standard curative therapy option for end-stage lung disease, the scarcity of available organs poses a significant challenge in meeting the escalating demand. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in ambulatory respiratory assist systems, selective anticoagulation therapies that target the intrinsic pathway, and innovative surface coatings to enable permanent respiratory support as a viable alternative to lung transplantation. Several emerging ambulatory respiratory assist systems have shown promise in both preclinical and clinical trials. These systems aim to create more biocompatible, compact, and portable forms of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation that can provide long-term respiratory support. Additionally, innovative selective anticoagulation strategies, currently in various stages of preclinical or clinical development, present a promising alternative to currently utilized nonselective anticoagulants. Moreover, novel surface coatings hold the potential to locally prevent artificial surface-induced thrombosis and minimize bleeding risks. This review of recent advancements toward permanent respiratory support summarizes the development of ambulatory respiratory assist systems, selective anticoagulation therapies, and novel surface coatings. The integration of these evolving device technologies with targeted anticoagulation strategies may allow a safe and effective mode of permanent respiratory support for patients with chronic lung disease.

Spitzer Resurrector Mission: Advantages for Space Weather Research and Operations

In 1979, NASA established the Great Observatory program, which included four telescopes (Hubble, Compton, Chandra, and Spitzer) to explore the Universe. The Spitzer Space Telescope was launched in 2003 into solar orbit, gradually drifting away from the Earth. Spitzer was operated very successfully until 2020 when NASA terminated observations and placed the telescope in safe mode. In 2028, the U.S. Space Force has the opportunity to demonstrate satellite servicing by telerobotically reactivating Spitzer for astronomical observations, and in a separate experiment, carry out novel Space Weather research and operations capabilities by observing solar Coronal Mass Ejections. This will be accomplished by launching a small satellite, the Spitzer-Resurrector Mission (SRM), to rendezvous with Spitzer in 2030, positioning itself around it, and serving as a relay for recommissioning and science operations. A sample of science goals for Spitzer is briefly described, but the focus of this paper is on the unique opportunity offered by SRM to demonstrate novel Space Weather research and operations capabilities.

Noninvasive High Frequency Ventilation as a Post-extubation Respiratory Support in Preterm Neonates

Abstract Background Noninvasive mechanical ventilation aims to provide respiratory support without the pulmonary and non-pulmonary complications associated with invasivemechanical ventilation including infection, subglottic stenosis, air leak syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). There is a notable increase in use of various types of noninvasive respiratory support post extubation to ensure the sucesss of extubation and avoid re-intubation. Noninvasive high frequency ventilation (NHFOV) is a new mode of noninvasive ventilation which is achieved through the use of noninvasive continuous flow with superimposed oscillations combining the benefits of high frequency oscillatory ventilaltion and noninvasive ventilation. Aim of Work The primary aim of the study is to compare re-ventilation rate between noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and NHFOV when used as post extubation respiratory support. Secondary aim was to compare workof breathing, chest X-ray grade, incidence of pneumothorax and duration to reach full enteral intake between the 2 groups. Methodology Sixty preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) who received invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours were included in this randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomly allocated post-extubation toNIPPV or NHFOV. The 2 groups were matched regarding weight, gestational age and comorbidities during invasive ventilation. Patients were compared regarding re-ventilation rate, work of breathing assessed by Downes score, chest X-ray grade, incidence of pneumothorax and duration to reach full enteral intake. Results Lower re-ventilation rate was found in NHFOV group (23.3%) compared to NIPPV group (30.0%). Median duration to reach full intake was shorter in NHFOV group (8 days) compared to NIPPV group (9.5 days) however, theseresults didn’t reach statistically significant difference (P value = 0.559 value and0.299 respectively). No difference was found between studied groups regarding work of breathing assessed by Downes’ score (P value = 0.634) nor regarding chest X-ray grades (p value= 0.902). Incidence of pneumothorax was equal in NHFOV group compared to NIPPV group with p value of 0.313. Conclusion NHFOV is a promising safe noninvasive mode for neonates post-extubation.

Numerical analysis of the impact of winding angles on the mechanical performance of filament wound type 4 composite pressure vessels for compressed hydrogen gas storage

Transportation relies heavily on petroleum products, forcing the adoption of alternative energy sources like hydrogen. Hydrogen is considered the cleanest fuel for the twenty-first century due to its water-based combustion and no CO2 emissions. However, challenges persist in production, utilization, and storage; employing composite material-based high-pressure storage vessels is increasing in the hydrogen storage sector. The paper analyzes the impact of the winding angles on the mechanical performance of the filament wound Type 4 composite pressure vessels (CPVs) for compressed hydrogen gas storage at 70 MPa. This work examines the individual winding angles and combined angles winding patterns to promote the efficiency of Type 4 CPVs by achieving maximum burst pressure, ensuring safe burst mode, and reducing CPV weight by applying maximum principal stress theory with the aid of the Ansys ACP Prep/Post and static modules. The weight and burst pressure of CPVs are significantly influenced by fiber orientation; a combination of positive and negative helical winding angles promotes higher burst pressure at a lower weight. A hoop angle and intermediate helical angles can be combined to create high-efficiency CPVs that provide mechanical performance comparable to that of a combination of high and low helical angles. Finally, a one-factor-at-a-time (OAT) sensitivity analysis was performed to determine how the winding angle and the thicknesses of layers affect the CPVs' performance. It was found that the performance of the CPVs is significantly influenced by the thicknesses of the wound layers.

A Comparative Study of Women’s Preference of Vaginal Delivery & Cesarean Delivery among Primi Mother who are Attending Antenatal OPD in Murshidabad Medical College & Hospital, Murshidabad

Caesarean section is already quite common in developed country but it has gradually become common in developing country also. In terms of developing countries in India the caesarean section rates havecrossed10-15% (Recommended by WHO) which cause a severe public health concern. Even though caesarean section causes many complications &it's expensive, needed extra resources and observations, still the rate has increased from around7%(in1991) to 21% (in2021) &it is more likely that it may goes up to 29% within just few more years.  Objectives- To assess the preferences and existing knowledge of vaginal delivery &caesarean section among primipara mothers.  Methodology- A Non-experimental quantitative study with cross- sectional research design includes 100 primigravida mother through convenient sampling who has attended OPD clinic of Murshidabad Medical College & Hospital, West Bengal.  Results- The study results shows that majority of participants (82%) preferred vaginal delivery. But the preference of caesarean section is higher in primigravida between age group18-22years comparative to older primigravida and also the primigravida from urban community has preferred caesarean section(66.6%) over normal vaginal delivery. Those who preferred Caesarean section were influenced by fear of pain during the labour (18%) and14%feltit was safe for the baby.  Conclusion- Young generation and urban community are more interested in caesarean section due to fear of pain and injury to baby. Especially commercial private practices also provoke the normal people for the caesarean section by creating doubts and misleading them. Government and women need to develop a positive attitude towards the normal vaginal delivery and measures have to be undertaken to create awareness towards safe mode of delivery.

Efficacy and safety of weekend cyclosporine treatment as maintenance therapy for preventing frequent disease exacerbations in moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis patients - A retrospective cohort study.

Background Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic disease with predominant manifestations in the skin and joints impairing patient's quality of life. A proportion of patients have frequent severe disease exacerbations requiring repeated systemic treatments. There is a scarcity of literature evaluating the role of systemic maintenance therapy in psoriasis patients in preventing such frequent disease flares. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of weekend cyclosporine treatment (WCT) as maintenance therapy in moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis patients for the prevention of frequent disease exacerbations. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 22 psoriasis patients with a history of frequent disease exacerbations (≥ 3 in the last 1 year) who were administered WCT (group A) were compared with the same number of matched patients (age and gender) not on WCT or any systemic maintenance therapy (group B). Results Four patients (18.2%) in group A had disease exacerbations which was significantly lower (p = 0.00, Fisher's exact test) as compared to 21 patients (95.5%) in group B during the study period. Also, patients in group A had significantly lower number of overall exacerbations [mean ± SD: 0.23 ± 0.53 vs 2.95 ± 1.43) p = 0.00, Mann-Whitney U test] as compared to group B. Four (9.1%) patients in group A encountered adverse effects (acneiform eruptions - two, mild gingival hyperplasia - one, myalgia - one) as compared to three (acneiform eruptions - two, headache - one) in group B (p = 1.00). Conclusion WCT significantly reduced the number of disease exacerbations and is a safe and effective mode of maintenance therapy in such subset of psoriasis patients.

National Centralization of Hirschsprung's Disease in Sweden:A Comparison of Preoperative Management and Outcomes

BackgroundSurgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) in Sweden was centralized to two tertiary pediatric surgery centers 1st of July 2018. Although complex surgical care in adults seems to benefit from centralization there is little evidence to support centralization of pediatric surgical care. The aim of this study was to assess centralization of HSCR in Sweden, with special consideration to preoperative management and outcomes in this group of patients. MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed data of patients with HSCR that had undergone or were planned to undergo pull-through at our center, from 1st of July 2013 to 30th of June 2023. Patients managed from 1st of July 2013 to 30th of June 2018 were compared with patients managed from 1st of July 2018 to 30th of June 2023 regarding diagnostic procedures, preoperative treatment, complications and time to definitive surgery. ResultsThirty-six patients were managed during the first five-year period compared to 57 during the second period. There was an increased number of patients referred from other Swedish regions to our center following the centralization. Time from diagnosis to pull-through increased from 33 to 55 days after centralization. There were no significant differences in pre-operative management or complications, general or related to stoma. ConclusionsDespite increasing patient volumes and longer time from diagnosis to pull through, centralization of care for HSCR does not seem to change the preoperative management and risk of complications. With access to support from the specialist center, transanal irrigations remain a safe mode of at home management until surgery, regardless of distance to index hospital. Level of EvidenceLevel III.

GROUNDWATER QUALITY ANALYSIS AND ITS IMPACT ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY: A CASE STUDY

Ground water quality of twenty villages selected were from Karad taluka in Satara district was assessed during pre and post monsoon in the year 2017. The ground water samples were collected from bore wells and open wells, and their quality parameters were assessed for following attributes such as pH values ranges from in pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon, EC values in pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon of the samples. Most of the samples were found to be magnesium dominating in the pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon Ca2+ exceeds the Mg content in most of the water samples. The observation for post monsoon can result in Mg2+ toxicity which will be exhibited due to the continuous use this of water to crops. Cations and anions concentration varies in post-monsoon is Ca-8.251meq/L, Mg2+-11.05 meq/L, CO3-5.275 meq/L, HCO3-10.85, K-21.781, Na2+-8.73 respectively while in pre-monsoon Ca2+-9.625 meq/L, Mg2+-10.248 meq/L, CO3- 2.672meq/L, HCO3-8.762meq/L, K-13.092meq/L, Na-14.382meq/L respectively. Some parameters are analyzed statistically such as Mg Hazard, RSC, SSP, KR, RSBC, PI etc.to determine better efficiency of observations. RSC values varied from 1.1-25.2 meq/L in pre-monsoon and 80 % samples are under unsafe while 5 % are in moderate range, 15 % are safe in post-monsoon 1.1- 28.2 meq/L and 85 % are in unsafe, 5 % in moderate,10 % in safe mode, 5 % moderate, 10 % in safe mode for irrigation. SSP values in samples varied from 6.222-79.452 % (post-monsoon) to 6.671-72.84 % (Pre-monsoon); 35 % samples were good while 65 % samples were found unsuitable in pre-monsoon samples and 50 % good while 50 % unsafe in post-monsoon samples respectively. KR values in pre-monsoon observed 0.0303-6.22 meq/L while in post-monsoon it was 0.143 to 72.631 meq/L; according to Kelley’s ratio 75 % in suitable, 5 % marginal and 20 % unsuitable in pre monsoon while 65 % suitable, 5 % marginal, 30 % unsuitable for agriculture. RSBC values are observed in pre-monsoon 1.0-8.65 while in post-monsoon 0.f3-8.65 Permeability Index (PI) also analyzed it was observed in pre-monsoon 14.208-95.661 % in post-monsoon 15.327-71.549 was observed samples are under the categories of 15 % suitable, 55 % good (class II), 30 % unsuitable (class III) in pre-monsoon and 75 % good (class II), 25 % unsuitable (class III). The most of the analyzed water samples are under alkaline category; alkaline water should be managed carefully to avoid negative impacts on crops as well as on soil.

FINTECH SERVICE BUSINESS IN INDIA TREND AND PRACTICE -A THEORETICAL OUTLOOK

Fintech (Financial Technology) an advance payment-based technology is a growing service in India. With the introduction of number of innovative payment platforms that are alternative to cash transactions, people are motivated to choose best of best payment options. Fintech technology adoption rate in India is noticed as 87 per cent compared to 64 per cent of the world average. Growth of fintech services is influenced by number of factors like: nation having huge underserved financially excluded population, rising youth population, educated and rapid urbanisation, easily available of workforce, supportive Government policies and scope for raising capital for investments. Digital payments and fintech service market is expected to grow multi-fold in the near future, with active support from the user, Government and financial institution. The financial market is found be less matured and large number of people are still uncovered by various financial service, through enhancing their knowledge on easy and safe mode of payment either for physical or online shopping or for money transfer with support the fintech services to growth in India. KEY WORDS: Fintech Services, Digital Payment, Financial Literacy of Fintech Service

Transport policies and their everyday impact on mobilities of older adults in Bengaluru

Background and objectives: Cities in the Global South are simultaneously witnessing wide-scale population ageing and rapid urbanisation. There is overwhelming pressure on policy makers to rapidly envision and provision age-friendly transport environments. In Indian cities, later-age mobilities face unique risks due to traffic congestion and inequities. However, the policy and transport research has treated congestion, equity and age-friendly mobilities as unrelated issues. This article goes a step ahead to understand how the policies to mitigate congestion can impact the provisioning of age-friendly infrastructure. Research design and methods: Bengaluru, once termed the ‘pensioners’ paradise’, is known for its ‘alarming’ levels of traffic congestion (Pucher et al, 2005; Pojani and Stead, 2017). We review Bengaluru’s transport policies and peer-reviewed articles concerning these policies to understand the positioning of age-friendly transport within this context. Results: Our findings recognise a shift from sufficientarianism to utilitarian orientations in Bengaluru’s policy making on easing congestion, which narrows the options for later-age transport users in terms of access and affordability. Some of the features not unique to Bengaluru – such as top-down planning, institutional fragmentation and distancing of users from policy making – have resulted in buses being inaccessible for passengers with mobility issues, metro rail being unaffordable for those on low incomes, lack of safe modes of transport and safe access to streets. Discussion and implications: The article is an initial foray into the ambiguity in the philosophical underpinning of transport policy making, which prioritises solving congestion ahead of providing age-friendly transport. We highlight specific challenges the cities of the Global South experience as they envision age-friendly transport policies amid the ascendance of congestion-solving policies.

Battery Cell Thermal Control in Electric Vehicles Using Water Cooling Block

Research and development efforts in the field of transportation have recently focused on creating clean, safe, and high-efficiency modes of transportation. It has repeatedly been predicted that electric, hybrid, and fuel-cell vehicles will soon displace conventional automobiles. This research offers an illustration of how a battery-electric vehicle may regulate the flow of coolant over specific battery cells. Each lithium-ion battery cell's heat level is measured by a sensor, which also controls the cooling process. The PID controller (Arduino) and Water Pump both function using a 12V rechargeable battery. Temperature sensors are employed to monitor each Li-ion battery cell independently and provide feedback as an analog signal. The flow of the pump is controlled by the battery's feedback, and the coolant goes via a convey to achieve temperature control. When compared to lead-acid / nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium-ion batteries offer better energy densities. Moreover, it is far less expensive and doesn't need nickel or cobalt. Also, it is safer since it is more stable. Each battery cell has a water cooling block installed specifically for more effective cooling. When compared to the method of calculating the total battery heat without any controller on any individual cells of the battery, the method of implementing a water cooling block in individual cells will be more effective. The temperature variation in the battery cell was significantly decreased by a water cooling block, which also lowered the thermal effect by around 40%. In the battery cell, a number of cycles and the depth of discharge are recorded, and the findings show that while the coolant temperature rises from roughly 30°C to 50°C, the battery cell's interior temperature drops drastically from 60°C to 20°C of heat. Keywords: Lithium-ion Battery, Temperature Monitoring, Temperature Management, Predictive Algorithms, and Sustainability

Decreased Electrically and Increased Ionically Conducting Scaffolds for Long-Life, High-Rate and Deep-Capacity Lithium-Metal Anodes.

Lithium (Li) metal batteries are deemed as promising next-generation power solutions but are hindered by the uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume change of Li anodes. The extensively studied 3D scaffolds as solutions generally lead to undesired "top-growth" of Li due to their high electrical conductivity and the lack of ion-transporting pathways. Here, by reducing electrical conductivity and increasing the ionic conductivity of the scaffold, the deposition spot of Li to the bottom of the scaffold can be regulated, thus resulting in a safe bottom-up plating mode of the Li and dendrite-free Li deposition. The resulting symmetrical cells with these scaffolds, despite with a limited pre-plated Li capacity of 5mAhcm-2, exhibit ultra-stable Li plating/stripping for over 1 year (11 000h) at a high current density of 3mAcm-2 and a high areal capacity of 3mAhcm-2. Moreover, the full cells with these scaffolds further demonstrate high cycling stability under challenging conditions, including high cathode loading of 21.6mgcm-2, low negative-to-positive ratio of 1.6, and limited electrolyte-to-capacity ratio of 4.2gAh-1.

Fair and efficient ride-scheduling: a preference-driven approach

ABSTRACT Smart mobility and, in particular, automated ridesharing platforms promise efficient, safe, and sustainable modes of transportation in urban settings. To make such platforms acceptable to the end-users, it is key to capture their preferences not in a static manner (by determining a fixed route and schedule for the vehicle) but in a dynamic manner by giving the riders the chance to get involved in the routing process of an upcoming journey. To that end, this work provides a toolbox of multiagent methods that enable different forms of active preference-awareness in ridesharing services. We capture riders’ preferences (as end-users of a ridesharing service), preserve their privacy by avoiding expecting them to share preferences with other riders, and show the efficacy of the presented ridesharing algorithms using agent-based simulation and illustrating their utilitarian and fairness properties.

Delivery of a telehealth supported home exercise program with dietary advice to increase plant-based protein in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a 12-week pilot feasibility randomised controlled trial

Telehealth overcomes common geographical barriers to community/clinic-based healthcare and lifestyle interventions, (1,2) but whether it is a feasible and safe mode of healthcare service delivery for lifestyle-based interventions in those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unknown. This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of a home exercise program with dietary advice to increase plant-based protein delivered and monitored by healthcare professionals via telehealth in adults with NAFLD. Secondary aims were to assess changes in macronutrient intake including protein from plant and animal sources, body weight, physical activity and physical function. This was a 12-week pilot feasibility randomised controlled trial conducted in 28 inactive adults (>45 years) with NAFLD. Participants were randomly allocated to receive: 1) a home-based, muscle strengthening exercise program (3 days/week) delivered and monitored remotely by an exercise physiologist using the TeleHab exercise platform/app (VALD Health) plus support from a nutritionist to increase daily protein intake to ~1.2-1.5 g/kg/day from predominately plant-based sources and behavioural change support delivered via 3-4 weekly text messages (Pro-Ex, n = 14) or 2) usual care (UC, n = 14). Feasibility was assessed via retention (defined as ≤10% attrition), adherence [≥66% to the muscle strengthening program and ≥80% to the recommended daily protein serves [total (≥3-3½), plant (≥2) and animal (≤1-1½) per day (via protein checklist)] and safety (intervention-related adverse events). Secondary outcomes included macronutrient intake (3x24-hour records), weight (self-reported), habitual physical activity (PA) [moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA), minutes/week via the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire], and physical function [30-second sit-to-stand (STS) performance]. Since this was a pilot feasibility study, mean group differences (6 and 12-weeks) were estimated, with 95% confidence intervals, and standardised effects [Cohen D, effect size (ES)] reported for secondary outcomes. Overall, 25 participants (89%) completed the intervention. In Pro-Ex, mean adherence to the exercise program was 52%, while adherence to the recommended plant, animal and total protein serves/day was 32%, 42% and 14% of participants, respectively. One minor exercise-related adverse event occurred from 241 completed sessions over 12 weeks. Relative to UC, Pro-Ex experienced a mean 2.7 (95%CI: 0.9, 4.4; large ES d = 1.29) increase in 30-sec STS number, 46 minute (95%CI: −153, 245; small ES d = 0.19) increase in MVPA, 1.7kg (95%CI: −3.5, 0.2; moderate ES d = 0.54) decrease in body weight, 35.2g (95%CI: 11.0, 59.3; large ES d = 1.23) increase in protein and 8.3g (95%CI:-20.5, 4.0; moderate ES d=-0.57) reduction in saturated fat. In middle-aged and older adults with NAFLD, a home exercise and plant-based dietary protein intervention delivered via telehealth was safe, but not feasible in terms of achieving the desired level of adherence. Despite this, exploratory analysis indicates this mode of healthcare service delivery could play a role to support weight management and improve physical activity and physical function in adults with NAFLD.

Preferences and factors determining preferences for mode of delivery among primigravida mothers.

Childbirth is a beautiful life event, a unique personal experience for each woman. The study aimed to assess the preferences and factors determining preference for mode of delivery among primigravida mothers. A descriptive exploratory design was applied to explore the factors for preferring the mode of delivery among 250 antenatal mothers, selected by convenient sampling technique. A self-structured dichotomous questionnaire on preference and factors influencing preference for mode of delivery was used. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20 software. The majority of participants (98.4%) preferred vaginal delivery over elective cesarean section as a mode of delivery. The significant factor influencing preferences was speedy recovery after delivery (89.8%). However, significant factors for preferring the cesarean mode of delivery were the obstetrician's advice and the baby's safety (100%). The majority of women preferred a vaginal mode of delivery; they still undergo cesarean mode of delivery. Considering factors, there is a need to develop a positive attitude toward NVD and actions to create awareness toward a safe mode of delivery by building a mutual trust environment and increasing effective dissemination of correct and neutral delivery option advice.

Pulsed voltage cold atmospheric plasma jet and gold nanoparticles enhance cytotoxic anticancer effect

Efficient and biologically safe mode of cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ) is crucial for the development of CAPJ-based anticancer therapy. In the experiment and numerical simulations, by changing the pulse duration of a positive-pulsed (PP) voltage, we found the optimal CAPJ modes with a regular streamer propagation and a maximum discharge current at a temperature T< 42 ∘C. These CAPJs substantially suppressed the viability of cancer cells. To enhance a cytotoxic effect of CAPJ treatment, gold nanoparticles (NPs) were added to the cells before and after the CAPJ exposure. Combination of CAPJ, generated with the PP voltage, and gold NPs decreased the viability of NCI-H23 epithelial-like lung adenocarcinoma, A549 lung adenocarcinoma, BrCCh4e-134 breast adenocarcinoma and uMel1 uveal melanoma cells. Polyethylene glycol-modified NPs with attached fluorescent labels were used to visualize the uptake of NPs. We demonstrated that NPs efficiently entered the cells when were added to the cells just before CAPJ exposure or up to two hours afterwards. The efficiency of NPs penetration into cells positively correlated with the induced cytotoxic effect: it was maximal when NPs was added to cells right before or immediately after CAPJ exposure. Summarizing, the treatment with optimal CAPJ modes in combination with modified NPs, bearing the cancer-addressed molecules and therapeutics may be the next strategy of strengthening the CAPJ-based antitumor approaches.