Rust Resistance Research Articles

Mapping crown rust resistance in the oat diploid accession PI 258731 (Avena strigosa).

Oat crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks. (Pca), is a major biotic impediment to global oat production. Crown rust resistance has been described in oat diploid species A. strigosa accession PI 258731 and resistance from this accession has been successfully introgressed into hexaploid A. sativa germplasm. The current study focuses on 1) mapping the location of QTL containing resistance and evaluating the number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning resistance in PI 258731; 2) understanding the relationship between the original genomic location in A. strigosa and the location of the introgression in the A. sativa genome; 3) identifying molecular markers tightly linked with PI 258731 resistance loci that could be used for marker assisted selection and detection of this resistance in diverse A. strigosa accessions. To achieve this, A. strigosa accessions, PI 258731 and PI 573582 were crossed to produce 168 F5:6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) through single seed descent. Parents and RILs were genotyped with the 6K Illumina SNP array which generated 168 segregating SNPs. Seedling reactions to two isolates of Pca (races TTTG, QTRG) were conditioned by two genes (0.6 cM apart) in this population. Linkage mapping placed these two resistant loci to 7.7 (QTRG) to 8 (TTTG) cM region on LG7. Field reaction data was used for QTL analysis and the results of interval mapping (MIM) revealed a major QTL (QPc.FD-AS-AA4) for field resistance. SNP marker assays were developed and tested in 125 diverse A. strigosa accessions that were rated for crown rust resistance in Baton Rouge, LA and Gainesville, FL and as seedlings against races TTTG and QTRG. Our data proposed SNP marker GMI_ES17_c6425_188 as a candidate for use in marker-assisted selection, in addition to the marker GMI_ES02_c37788_255 suggested by Rine's group, which provides an additional tool in facilitating the utilization of this gene in oat breeding programs.

Study of some characteristics in raspberry breeding: rust resistance, earliness and fruit colour

Study of some characteristics in raspberry breeding: rust resistance, earliness and fruit colour

Pathogenicity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and quantitative traits on bread wheat landraces in Ethiopia

AbstractBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is severely affected by stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici (Pst). This study was conducted to investigate pathogenicity of Pst isolates to bread wheat landraces grown in Ethiopia, establish stripe rust yield loss models and estimate variability in bread wheat quantitative traits. A greenhouse pot experiment was setup to assess seedling stage responses of landraces to Pst and a field study was conducted for adult plant stage evaluation. Among dominant isolates of Pst, Kubsa was the most virulent. Apart from the detection of resistance at the seedling stage study, a broad range of adult‐stage resistance was also observed which can confer durable resistance. Among single‐point models, the onset of severe infection at the development of heading stage causes significant yield loss by stripe rust. The integral yield loss model predicted a strong negative linear relationship between agronomic traits and stripe rust. Hierarchical analysis revealed the presence of three distinct clusters of bread wheat landraces, each forming different stripe rust resistance groups. With the exception of the harvest index and the growth stage parameter of days to heading, all agronomic traits were significantly different for the various landraces. This suggests the presence of diverse genetic resources, which might have also led to different responses to the stripe rust in these materials. This work clarifies the many ways in which landraces of bread wheat react to Pst infection, revealing a range of resistance mechanisms that can be used for efficient disease management.

Exploratory genomic sequence analysis reveals structural differences at key loci for growth habit, seed dormancy, and rust resistance in barley

Exploratory genomic sequence analysis reveals structural differences at key loci for growth habit, seed dormancy, and rust resistance in barley

Identification of Stem Rust Resistance Genes in Triticum Wheat Cultivars and Evaluation of Their Resistance to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

Wheat stem rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), poses a substantial threat to global wheat production. Utilizing stem rust resistance (Sr) genes represents an economically viable, effective, and environmentally friendly approach to disease control. In this study, gene postulation, molecular testing, and pedigree analysis were used to identify the presence of Sr genes in 45 wheat cultivars. In addition, the resistance of these cultivars was evaluated against two predominant Pgt races, 34MRGQM and 21C3CTHTM, at the adult-plant stage during 2021–2022. The results identify seven Sr genes (Sr31, Sr38, Sr30, SrTmp, Sr22, Sr19, and Sr5) within 35 wheat cultivars. Among these, 23 cultivars contained Sr31, whereas Sr5 and SrTmp were present in four cultivars each. Han 5316, Shimai 15, Shiyou 20, and Kenong 1006 exhibited the presence of Sr19, Sr22, Sr30, and Sr38, respectively. Molecular studies confirmed the absence of Sr25 and Sr26 in any of the wheat cultivars. During field evaluation, 37 (82.2%) and 39 (86.7%) wheat cultivars demonstrated resistance to races 34MRGQM and 21C3CTHTM, respectively. Moreover, 33 wheat cultivars (73.3%) exhibited resistance to all the tested races. These study findings will significantly contribute to future research in wheat pre-breeding and abiotic stress tolerance.

Genetic manipulation of Indian mustard genotypes with WRR-gene(s) confers resistance against Albugo candida.

Brassica species is the second most important edible oilseed crop in India. Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze, a major oomycete disease of oilseed brassica causing white rust, leads to 60% yield loss globally. The prevalence of A. candida race 2 (Ac2V) that specifically infects B. juncea, coupled with limitations of conventional methods has resulted in a dearth of white rust resistance resources in cultivated varieties. In an effort to develop resistant plants, Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation of three B. juncea genotypes viz., susceptible host var. Varuna, along with its doubled haploid mutant lines C66 and C69 (showing moderate tolerance to field isolates of A. candida) was initiated to transfer resistance genes (WRR8Sf-2 and WRR9Hi-0) identified in Arabidopsis thaliana against race Ac2V, that encode for Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat proteins that recognize effectors of the pathogen races. Our results demonstrate that introduction of resistance genes from a tertiary gene pool by genetic transformation enhances disease resistance in B. juncea genotypes to a highly virulent Ac2V isolate.

Breeding for durable resistance against biotrophic fungal pathogens using transgenes from wheat

Breeding for resistant crops is a sustainable way to control disease and relies on the introduction of novel resistance genes. Here, we tested three strategies on how to use transgenes from wheat to achieve durable resistance against fungal pathogens in the field. First, we tested the highly effective, overexpressed single transgene Pm3e in the background of spring wheat cultivar Bobwhite in a long-term field trial over many years. Together with previous results, this revealed that transgenic wheat line Pm3e#2 conferred complete powdery mildew resistance during a total of nine field seasons without a negative impact on yield. Furthermore, overexpressed Pm3e provided resistance to powdery mildew isolates from our worldwide collection when crossed into the elite wheat cultivar Fiorina. Second, we pyramided the four overexpressed transgenes Pm3a, Pm3b, Pm3d, and Pm3f in the background of cultivar Bobwhite and showed that the pyramided line Pm3a,b,d,f was completely resistant to powdery mildew in five field seasons. Third, we performed field trials with three barley lines expressing adult plant resistance gene Lr34 from wheat during three field seasons. Line GLP8 expressed Lr34 under control of the pathogen-inducible Hv-Ger4c promoter and provided partial barley powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance in the field with small, negative effects on yield components which might need compensatory breeding. Overall, our study demonstrates and discusses three successful strategies for achieving fungal disease resistance of wheat and barley in the field using transgenes from wheat. These strategies might confer long-term resistance if applied in a sustainable way.

EVALUATING COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS EFFECTS ON YIELD, ASSOCIATED TRAITS, AND YELLOW RUST RESISTANCE IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

Wheat is a considerable energy source for the people of Pakistan and many other countries. Yellow rust is the most unpropitious biotic stress for wheat yield. The research was conducted to study the combining ability, heterosis and response of genotypes for yellow rust resistance. For this impetus, eight wheat genotypes, namely (five genotypes viz; Dharabi-11, Hp-1, Ehsan-16, Pak-13 and Morocco) were kept as lines and three genotypes viz; Markaz-19, Borlauge-16 and Fakhar-e-Bhakar used as testers. Lines X Testers matting design developed fifteen F1 hybrids sown in proper symmetry for crossing during rabi season 2020-21 at the university research farm, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, during 2020-21. During Rabi 2021-22, developed hybrids along with the eight parents in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using three replications with plant-to-plant and row-to-row distances of 15cm and 25cm, respectively. Morocco was used as a spreader and sown after every five rows; two rows are the border of each replication. Data was recorded for the traits viz. flag leaf area, canopy temperature, chlorophyll content, days to maturity, 1000 grain weight, seed yield per plant and disease score. Mean value showed a maximum in Markaz-19 for flag leaf area, Pakistan-13 for chlorophyll content among parents. HP-1 x Markaz-19 showed maximum seed yield per plant (29.27 g). Minimum disease score was observed in Borlague-16.

Developing wheat lines for rust resistance through Imperata cylindrica mediated chromosome elimination Doubled Haploidy technique: A Review

Developing wheat lines for rust resistance through Imperata cylindrica mediated chromosome elimination Doubled Haploidy technique: A Review

Effects of Peanut Rust Disease (Puccinia arachidis Speg.) on Agricultural Production: Current Control Strategies and Progress in Breeding for Resistance.

Peanuts play a pivotal role as an economic crop on a global scale, serving as a primary source of both edible oil and protein. Peanut rust (Puccinia arachidis Speg.) disease constitutes a significant global biotic stress, representing a substantial economic threat to the peanut industry by inducing noteworthy reductions in seed yields and compromising oil quality. This comprehensive review delves into the distinctive characteristics and detrimental symptoms associated with peanut rust, scrutinizing its epidemiology and the control strategies that are currently implemented. Notably, host resistance emerges as the most favored strategy due to its potential to surmount the limitations inherent in other approaches. The review further considers the recent advancements in peanut rust resistance breeding, integrating the use of molecular marker technology and the identification of rust resistance genes. Our findings indicate that the ongoing refinement of control strategies, especially through the development and application of immune or highly resistant peanut varieties, will have a profound impact on the global peanut industry.

A study of bread wheat lines from crosses with the synthetic form Avrodes in regard to their yellow rust resistance

The genome-substituted synthetic form Avrodes (AABBSS) was used for transferring resistance to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Eriks.) from Aegilops speltoides Tausch, (2n = 14) to bread wheat. The study involved 24 introgressive lines of bread wheat obtained using the Avrodes form. Yellow rust resistant lines P07-L.02, P07-L.1, P07-L.17, P07-L.43, P07-L.19, AS12-88, AS12-06, AS12-07, AS12- 51, Asp81-21, Asp63-21, Asp053-21, Asp04-21, Asp022-19, Asp023-19 and Asp029-20 were selected and can be used as new donors of disease resistance. The use of differential chromosome staining (C-banding) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) identified the genetic material of Ae. speltoides transmitted in the form of 5S(5D) chromosome substitution and translocations of T5BS.5BL-5SL, T2DL.2DS-2SS, T5D, as well as translocation of T1BL.1RS from Secale cereale L. The work revealed that the lines with single translocations of T1BL.1RS and T5BS.5BL-5SL were susceptible to yellow rust, while the lines in which the T2DL.2DS-2SS translocation and 5S(5D) substitutions were identified, as well as the lines with translocations of T1BL.1RS, T2DL.2DS-2SS and T5D showed resistance to the disease. Presumably, the selected introgression lines, obtained by means of crosses with Avrodes, may carry new genes or loci for yellow rust resistance.

Phenotyping and Exploitation of Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR Assays for Genes Underpinning Leaf Rust Resistance in New Spring Wheat Mutant Lines.

Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks) is a wheat disease causing substantial yield losses in wheat production globally. The identification of genetic resources with permanently effective resistance genes and the generation of mutant lines showing increased levels of resistance allow the efficient incorporation of these target genes into germplasm pools by marker-assisted breeding. In this study, new mutant (M3 generation) lines generated from the rust-resistant variety Kazakhstanskaya-19 were developed using gamma-induced mutagenesis through 300-, 350-, and 400-Gy doses. In field trials after leaf rust inoculation, 75 mutant lines showed adult plant resistance. These lines were evaluated for resistance at the seedling stage via microscopy in greenhouse experiments. Most of these lines (89.33%) were characterized as resistant at both developmental stages. Hyperspectral imaging analysis indicated that infected leaves of wheat genotypes showed increased relative reflectance in visible and near-infrared light compared to the non-infected genotypes, with peak means at 462 and 644 nm, and 1936 and 2392 nm, respectively. Five spectral indexes, including red edge normalized difference vegetation index (RNDVI), structure-insensitive pigment index (SIPI), ratio vegetation index (RVSI), water index (WI), and normalized difference water index (NDWI), demonstrated significant potential for determining disease severity at the seedling stage. The most significant differences in reflectance between susceptible and resistant mutant lines appeared at 694.57 and 987.51 nm. The mutant lines developed were also used for the development and validation of KASP markers for leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr3, Lr9, Lr10, and Lr17. The mutant lines had high frequencies of "a" resistance alleles (0.88) in all six Lr genes, which were significantly associated with seedling resistance and suggest the potential of favorable haplotype introgression through functional markers. Nine mutant lines characterized by the presence of "b" alleles in Lr9 and Lr10-except for one line with allele "a" in Lr9 and three mutant lines with allele "a" in Lr10-showed the progressive development of fungal haustorial mother cells 72 h after inoculation. One line from 300-Gy-dosed mutant germplasm with "b" alleles in Lr1, Lr2a, Lr10, and Lr17 and "a" alleles in Lr3 and Lr9 was characterized as resistant based on the low number of haustorial mother cells, suggesting the contribution of the "a" alleles of Lr3 and Lr9.

Favorable Loci Identified for Stripe Rust Resistance in Chinese Winter Wheat Accessions via Genome-Wide Association Study.

Stripe rust (or yellow rust), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide. Currently, the utilization of resistant cultivars is the most viable way to reduce yield losses. In this study, a panel of 188 wheat accessions from China was evaluated for stripe rust resistance, and genome-wide association studies were performed using high-quality Diversity Arrays Technology markers. According to the phenotype and genotype data, a total of 26 significant marker-trait associations were identified, representing 18 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 5A, 5B, 6B, 7B, and 7D. Of the 18 QTLs, almost all were associated with adult plant resistance (APR) except QYr.nwsuaf-6B.2, which was associated with all-stage resistance (also known as seedling resistance). Three of the 18 QTLs were mapped far from previously identified Pst resistance genes and QTLs and were considered potentially new loci. The other 15 QTLs were mapped close to known resistance genes and QTLs. Subsequent haplotype analysis for QYr.nwsuaf-2A and QYr.nwsuaf-7B.3 revealed the degrees of resistance of the panel in the APR stage. In summary, the favorable alleles identified in this study may be useful in breeding for disease resistance to stripe rust.

Rust resistance of wheat and triticale samples in different plant growing stages

Aim. To study resistance to leaf, yellow and stem rusts of winter and spring wheat and winter triticale samples from the collection of the N. I. Vavilov All‐Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) and breeding centres of southern Russia in different phases of ontogenesis and to identify new sources with group resistance. Material and Methods. The resistance of 158 wheat and triticale samples from the VIR collection and southern breeding centres to populations of leaf, stem and yellow rusts in different plant growth stages was analysed. In the juvenile phase the samples studied were inoculated with populations of rust fungi in climate chambers of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Plant Protection and the type of plant reaction to lesions was noted. In field conditions the samples were evaluated according to the CIMMYT scale on an artificial infectious background. Results. In the adult plant stage under field conditions 79 wheat and triticale samples with group resistance to leaf, yellow and stem rusts were identified, and in the juvenile stage 26 samples. 22 samples showed resistance to three rusts in both phases of ontogenesis. Of these, 5 samples belong to the VIR collection, 3 winter triticale varieties (Dozor, Knyaz, Svat) and the Kavalerka wheat variety selection of the P.P. Lukyanenko National Grain Centre, 9 lines from the Donskoy Agrarian Research Centre and the Federal Rostov Agrarian Research Centre, and 4 winter triticale varieties (Ataman Platov, Zimogor, Kapral, Legion) of selections of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Research Centre. Conclusion. The samples of wheat and winter triticale with group resistance which have been identified are promising for use in breeding for immunity to rust diseases.

Comparative study of alternating dry and wet corrosion behavior of Q345qDNH steel and Q420qENH steel in industrial atmospheric media containing PM2.5

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of Q345qDNH steel and Q420qENH steel under the industrial atmosphere containing PM2.5, as well as the effect of PM2.5 on the rust layer were studied by dry–wet alternating accelerated corrosion experiment. The results show that the corrosion rate of Q345qDNH is always less than that of Q420qENH, the Cr content of rust layer is higher than that of Q420qENH steel. After 30 days of corrosion, compared with Q420qENH steel, the self‐corrosion potential of Q345qDNH is larger, the self‐corrosion current density is smaller, and the rust resistance is 1.49 times of Q420qENH steel, the Iα‐FeOOH/Iγ‐FeOOH ratio is 1.29 times of Q420qENH, indicating that the protection of the rust layer of Q345qDNH is better than that of Q420qENH. This is due to the effect of microstructure factors in the early stage of corrosion and alloying elements in the late stage of corrosion. PM2.5 with SiO2 as the main component is easy to deposit at cracks and holes, which becomes the nucleation substrate for corrosion products, promotes the nonuniform nucleation of corrosion products, making the rust layer develop unevenly, leading to an increase in holes in the outer rust layer.

A Combination of Three Genomic Regions Conditions High Level of Adult Plant Stripe Rust Resistance in Australian Wheat Cultivar Sentinel.

A seedling susceptible Australian common wheat cultivar Sentinel showed resistance to stripe rust under field conditions. A Sentinel/Nyabing3 (Nyb3)-derived recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was phenotyped. A DArTseq marker-based linkage map of the Sentinel/Nyb3 RIL population was used to determine the chromosomal location of the adult plant stripe rust resistance possessed by Sentinel. Three consistent quantitative trait loci (QTL); QYr.sun-1BL, QYr.sun-2AS and QYr.sun-3BS were detected, and they on an average explained 18%, 15.6% and 10.6% of the variation in stripe rust response, respectively. All three QTL were contributed by Sentinel. QYr.sun-1B corresponded to the previously characterized gene Yr29. Sentinel expressed resistance at the four-leaf stage at 21 ± 2 °C in the greenhouse. Monogenic segregation among the RIL population was observed when screened at the four-leaf stage at 21 ± 2 °C in the greenhouse, and the underlying resistance locus was temporarily named YrSen. QYr.sun-3BS peaked on YrSen. QYr.sun-2AS was mendelized by generating and phenotyping a mongenically sgregating F6 RIL population, and it was temporarily designated YrSen2. RILs carrying Yr29, YrSen and YrSen2 in combination exhibited responses like the parent Sentinel. Based on a comparison of the genomic locations and resistance expression with stripe rust resistance genes previously located in their respective chromosomes, QYr.sun-2AS (YrSen2) and QYr.sun-3BS (YrSen) were concluded to represent new loci.

Determination of resistance to yellow rust in new breeding mutant lines of spring wheat at adult plant and seedlings stages

Stripe (yellow, YR) rust bringing about by fungal pathogen of Puccinia striforms Westend Westend. is a serious wheat disease that poses substantial threats to the global wheat yield. Currently, the appearance of virulent fungus races is overcomed restricted by the studed resistance genes of wheat. Seach and identification of new genetic sources with durable resistance genes can allow efficiently to incorporate these target genes into germplasm pools. To increase spring wheat genetic diversity, on the back phone of parental variety Kazakhstanskay-19 (WT) characterizing by rust resistance through physical mutagenesis bythe various gamma irradiation doses, namely 300-, 350-, and 400 Gy, new M3 mutant lines were created. From these new mutant resources, the 75 genotypes having higher yield-associated parameters such as grains number and weight per main spike comparing the parent variety were selected by phenotyping as the adult plant resistant (APR) under rust infected field trial. To measure resistance of these breeding lines at seedling stage by microscopy through the number of haustorial mother cells formation induced by YR treatment with the isolate of Puccinia striforms “Warrior” as temporary responses was carried out. Almost all of spring wheat mutant lines (93.0%, 70 samples from 75 mutant lines) identified as APR to YR had a strong association with SR which is developed on longer time of infection. The most effective dose of irradiation to generate the genetic variation was 350 Gy with mean of 60.08 (p<0.005) according to Anova analysis.

Identification of Sr67, a new gene for stem rust resistance in KU168-2 located close to the Sr13 locus in wheat

Key messageSr67 is a new stem rust resistance gene that represents a new resource for breeding stem rust resistant wheat cultivarsRe-appearance of stem rust disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), in different parts of Europe emphasized the need to develop wheat varieties with effective resistance to local Pgt populations and exotic threats. A Kyoto University wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accession KU168-2 was reported to carry good resistance to leaf and stem rust. To identify the genomic region associated with the KU168-2 stem rust resistance, a genetic study was conducted using a doubled haploid (DH) population from the cross RL6071 × KU168-2. The DH population was phenotyped with three Pgt races (TTKSK, TPMKC, and QTHSF) and genotyped using the Illumina 90 K wheat SNP array. Linkage mapping showed the resistance to all three Pgt races was conferred by a single stem rust resistance (Sr) gene on chromosome arm 6AL, associated with Sr13. Presently, four Sr13 resistance alleles have been reported. Sr13 allele-specific KASP and STARP markers, and sequencing markers all showed null alleles in KU168-2. KU168-2 showed a unique combination of seedling infection types for five Pgt races (TTKSK, QTHSF, RCRSF, TMRTF, and TPMKC) compared to Sr13 alleles. The phenotypic uniqueness of the stem rust resistance gene in KU168-2 and null alleles for Sr13 allele-specific markers showed the resistance was conferred by a new gene, designated Sr67. Since Sr13 is less effective in hexaploid background, Sr67 will be a good source of stem rust resistance in bread wheat breeding programs.

WRR4B contributes to a broad-spectrum disease resistance against powdery mildew in Arabidopsis.

Oidium heveae HN1106, a powdery mildew (PM) that infects rubber trees, has been found to trigger disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana through ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1)-, PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4)- and salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signalling pathways. In this study, a typical TOLL-INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR, NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING, LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT (TIR-NB-LRR)-encoding gene, WHITE RUST RESISTANCE 4 (WRR4B), was identified to be required for the resistance against O. heveae in Arabidopsis. The expression of WRR4B was upregulated by O. heveae inoculation, and WRR4B positively regulated the expression of genes involved in SA biosynthesis, such as EDS1, PAD4, ICS1 (ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1), SARD1 (SYSTEMIC-ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT 1) and CBP60g (CALMODULIN-BINDING PROTEIN 60 G). Furthermore, WRR4B triggered self-amplification, suggesting that WRR4B mediated plant resistance through taking part in the SA-based positive feedback loop. In addition, WRR4B induced an EDS1-dependent hypersensitive response in Nicotiana benthamiana and contributed to disease resistance against three other PM species: Podosphaera xanthii, Erysiphe quercicola and Erysiphe neolycopersici, indicating that WRR4B is a broad-spectrum disease resistance gene against PMs.

Development, identification, and utilization of wheat-tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum 4EL translocation lines resistant to stripe rust.

The new stripe rust resistance gene Yr4EL in tetraploid Th. elongatum was identified and transferred into common wheat via 4EL translocation lines. Tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum is a valuable genetic resource for improving the resistance of wheat to diseases such as stripe rust, powdery mildew, and Fusarium head blight. We previously reported that chromosome 4E of the 4E (4D) substitution line carries all-stage stripe rust resistance genes. To optimize the utility of these genes in wheat breeding programs, we developed translocation lines by inducing chromosomal structural changes through 60Co-γ irradiation and developing monosomic substitution lines. In total, 53 plants with different 4E chromosomal structural changes were identified. Three homozygous translocation lines (T4DS·4EL, T5AL·4EL, and T3BL·4EL) and an addition translocation line (T5DS·4EL) were confirmed by the genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), FISH-painting, and wheat 55K SNP array analyses. These four translocation lines, which contained chromosome arm 4EL, exhibited high stripe rust resistance. Thus, a resistance gene (tentatively named Yr4EL) was localized to the chromosome arm 4EL of tetraploid Th. elongatum. For the application of marker-assisted selection (MAS), 32 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed, showing specific amplification on the chromosome arm 4EL and co-segregation with Yr4EL. Furthermore, the 4DS·4EL line could be selected as a good pre-breeding line that better agronomic traits than other translocation lines. We transferred Yr4EL into three wheat cultivars SM482, CM42, and SM51, and their progenies were all resistant to stripe rust, which can be used in future wheat resistance breeding programs.