Russian Spontaneous Speech Research Articles

Формирование фразеологической компетенции у студентов-инофонов на занятиях РКИ (из опыта преподавания фразеологизмов в корейской аудитории)

The article is devoted to the method of teaching Russian phraseological units in the Korean audience and presents a methodological module complex for teaching Russian phraseological units based on the linguo-didactic analysis of phraseological material using a set of various exercises to form student skills to learn and use phraseological units in Russian spontaneous speech, to increase the imagery and expressiveness of their oral speech, as well as to improve understanding of written language in order to bring students closer to the level of knowledge of Russian of the Russian language native speakers. The article describes communicative situations in which semantic use of phraseological units is determined. The module complex includes six texts developed by the author for students of different levels, not lower than B1-B2, as well as module control testing. The article emphasizes the important role of the teacher in the formation of phraseological competence among foreign students, in selection of material for compiling a phraseological minimum for foreign students, in determination the ways of presentation of educational material and activating it in the Russian language classes, considering the national specifics of the audience, in our case - Korean. The materials of the article can be used in the classes for bachelor s and master s studies.

Idioms in Russian spontaneous speech used by non-native speakers: do they exist or not? (About the linguistic creativity of non-native speakers)

Idioms in Russian spontaneous speech used by non-native speakers: do they exist or not? (About the linguistic creativity of non-native speakers)

Индивидуальные особенности мелодических контуров интонации незавершенности в спонтанной речи (на материале русского языка)

Индивидуальные особенности мелодических контуров интонации незавершенности в спонтанной речи (на материале русского языка)

Сегментация спонтанной речи и индивидуальность эксперта

The paper focuses on the findings of the psycholinguistic tests with German and Russian spontaneous speech in order to detect possible interrelations between the nature of division of spontaneous speech into sentences (their average length) and individual specifics of the expert who carries out this division. The kit of stimulating material consisted of the text part subject to the expert segmentation and the text part that included a five-factor personality questionnaire, information processing speed tests and two tests connected with the working memory capacity. The segmentation was conducted on the basis of the text information alone, without any reliance on the sound. Despite the research hypothesis, the capacity of the expert’s working memory demonstrated no connection with the average sentence length in either Russian or German. The information processing rate also had no effect on the sentence length. Nevertheless, it was established that during annotation of the German spontaneous speech, significant impact on the sentence length was made by the level of neuroticism, that is, experts with a higher score (more emotional) had a tendency to break the text into shorter statements. Using the material of the Russian language, the interrelation between the average sentence length and the “self-control – impulsiveness” proved statistically significant – that is, experts more prone to the self-regulation of their behavior tended to divide the text into longer sentences. The analysis of the sentence length revealed statistically significant correlations (from moderate to strong) in the average sentence length in diverse texts as they were marked by the same expert; notably, this phenomenon was observed on the material of both the German and Russian languages. This fact evidences that the sentence length is individual for each expert and remains stable regardless of external factors, such as the language or the text type.

Русская речь коми-пермяков: лексический аспект

The paper deals with the usage of lexical units belonging to different idioms and temporal strata, as well as with the distribution of units of different idioms across thematic groups in Russian spontaneous speech of the Komi-Permyaks residing within the Perm Krai territory. The analyzed material included 47 spontaneous monologues produced by the Komi-Permyak bilinguals. The analysis of the texts proved that, except literary Russian lexical units, the monologues contain: 1) the Komi-Permyak words (determined by the influence of the bilingual environment); 2) words belonging to the non-literary forms of the Russian language (dialect, vernacular, colloquial, professional lexis); 3) archaic words; 4) occasional word usages. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the research material revealed a sufficiently large layer of non-literary lexis belonging to different idioms (both of the Russian and Komi-Permyak languages) and related to different thematic groups. The semantic “nucleus” of non-literary lexical units in spontaneous Russian speech of the Komi-Permyaks is formed by colloquial lexis that is thematically connected to vernacular lexis. The dialect Russian lexis is also very significant for the semantic structure of texts, as it provides semantic links with the Komi-Permyak linguistic consciousness. The thematic unity of the Komi-Permyak and dialect lexis reveals close interaction between the Komi-Permyak culture and the culture of a Russian village (both historical and present). Both lexis layers are important for the Komi-Permyaks’ national self-identification as ones that describe fragments of the worldview connected with traditional culture and lifestyle.

Motivational Projections of Russian Spontaneous Speech

The article deals with the semantic, pragmatic and structural features of words, phrases, dialogues motivation, in the contemporary Russian popular speech. These structural features are characterized by originality and unconventional use. Language material is the result of authors` direct observation of spontaneous verbal communication between people of different social and age groups. The words and remarks were analyzed in compliance with the communication system of national Russian language and cultural background of popular speech. Studies have discovered that in spoken discourse there are some other ways to increase the expression statement. It is important to note that spontaneous speech identifies lacunae in the nominative language and its vocabulary system. It is proved, prefixation is also effective and regular way of the same action presenting. The most typical forms, ways and means to update language resources as a result of the linguistic creativity of native speakers were identified.

ВОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПОСТВОКАЛЬНЫХ СОНОРНЫХ (на материале американской и русской спонтанной речи)

ВОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПОСТВОКАЛЬНЫХ СОНОРНЫХ (на материале американской и русской спонтанной речи)

Experiments on Detection of Voiced Hesitations in Russian Spontaneous Speech

The development and popularity of voice-user interfaces made spontaneous speech processing an important research field. One of the main focus areas in this field is automatic speech recognition (ASR) that enables the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers. However, ASR systems often work less efficiently for spontaneous than for read speech, since the former differs from any other type of speech in many ways. And the presence of speech disfluencies is its prominent characteristic. These phenomena are an important feature in human-human communication and at the same time they are a challenging obstacle for the speech processing tasks. In this paper we address an issue of voiced hesitations (filled pauses and sound lengthenings) detection in Russian spontaneous speech by utilizing different machine learning techniques, from grid search and gradient descent in rule-based approaches to such data-driven ones as ELM and SVM based on the automatically extracted acoustic features. Experimental results on the mixed and quality diverse corpus of spontaneous Russian speech indicate the efficiency of the techniques for the task in question, with SVM outperforming other methods.