Russian Phraseology Research Articles

The semantic meaning of the lexeme rose (розовый): linguoculturological aspect (on the basis of Russian phraseology, the folklore language and the language of fiction)

The article is devoted to semantic research of the lexeme rose (розовый) in the Russian phraseology, the texts of folklore language and the language of fiction of the XIXth-XXIth centuries. The purpose of the work is to disclose the linguocultural information that is coded in the Russian colour term rose (розовый).

National-cultural specificity of adverbial phraseological units in English and Russian.

The article is devoted to the study of the national-cultural specifics of adverbial phraseological units in English and Russian. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the three levels of manifestation of the national-cultural specificity of phraseological units: 1) in the aggregate phraseological meaning, 2) in the meaning of individual lexical components, 3) in the direct meaning of a free phrase that has been figuratively reinterpreted (i.e. in prototypes of phraseological units). The paper gives a characteristic of each level of manifestation, based on the analysis of the study of the component composition of phraseology. Russian Russian and English phraseological units, selected from the Dictionary of Russian Phraseology, Russian and British National Corpus, are analyzed in the analysis of examples of a number of phraseological units of the English and Russian languages. The scientific novelty of the work is to determine the manifestation of the national - cultural specificity of a number of unique phraseological units of the English and Russian languages that do not have correspondences, based on the conducted study of the component composition. The methods of studying phraseological units are: contextual method, method of phraseological description. The main conclusions of the study are the following: The first level of manifestation of the national-cultural specificity of phraseological units is associated with non-equivalent or lacunary adverbial units. Phraseological units of the second group, the number of which is very limited, have a national-cultural component in their component composition, which can be represented by words denoting the realities characteristic of English or Russian peoples – speakers of two languages. phraseological units of the third group reflect the history of the peoples – native speakers of English and Russian, their peculiar traditions, customs, historical facts, superstitions, originally laid down in the prototype.

Система упражнений в коммуникативно-ориентированном обучении фразеологии русского языка

The research objective includes developing a system of exercises for teaching the Russian phraseological units to foreign students-philologists at B1 level. Modern textbooks on the Russian phraseology for foreigners are analysed, students’ difficulties are revealed and the problem of choosing phraseological material is considered. The study is based on an educational experiment data and on the materials of students’ survey. Scientific originality of the research includes development and approbation of a system of exercises aimed to form learners’ communicative competence. Phraseological units semantization was carried out relying on the analysis of their inner form. The experiment results justify efficiency of the proposed set of exercises. Methodological recommendations on work with the Russian phraseological units in a foreign audience are proposed.

Категория оценки в идиоматике русского языка

The study aims to identify specificity of the evaluation category representation in the Russian phraseology. Scientific originality of the paper involves studying the means to express evaluation by the material of the special lexico-grammatical category of predicative-evaluative phraseological units. The research findings justify the necessity to introduce new approaches to studying the linguistic category of evaluation. The author believes that emphasis should be given to the semantic analysis of the mentioned phraseological units taking into account their contextual usage.

Темы рождения и смерти в русских и английских фразеологизмах: метафора пути

Темы рождения и смерти в русских и английских фразеологизмах: метафора пути

Семантические особенности фразеологических единиц с компонентом «одежда» в английском, немецком и русском языках

The article aims to identify semantic peculiarities of the English, German and Russian phraseological units with the components nominating accessories, clothing and footwear items. Originality of the study involves systematization of the English, German and Russian phraseological units with this component, which allowed identifying peculiarities of their semantic structure. The analysis of stable expressions with the mentioned component revealed coincidence of the thematic groups “human character”, “human relations”, “human emotions”, “image, prestige, status” in the English, German and Russian phraseology that indicates anthropocentric nature of the phraseological units under study. It is shown that in the analysed languages, phraseological units with the component “clothes” often have a pejorative connotative meaning.

Чешские фразеологические параллели к русским диалектизмам (по материалам «Полного фразеологического словаря русских народных говоров»)

The article provides a comparative analysis of Czech and Russian literary and dialectal phraseological units that characterize a wealthy person and prosperous life. Contemporary studies mostly deal with literal and colloquial idioms, whereas dialectal phraseology is rarely used for the comparative studies. It may stem from the fact that there are no large dictionaries of Russian dialectal phraseology. For this article, we used the materials for the Phraseological Dictionary of Russian Folk Dialects, which is being prepared under the supervision of prof. V. M. Mokienko. The Russian part of the research is represented by approximately 250 idioms, the Czech part totals about 150 units. Czech and Russian phraseological units were grouped together according to their common internal image,the themes of components, similar syntactic models, or similar logical motivations. As an example in the group that combines Czech and Russian phraseological units with a similar figurative basis, we show the model 'animal or bird refuses to eat any kind of food' known in different languages. There are different variants of the model known to Czech and Russian dialects, which represent different animals and birds, and different types of food. The analysis of the idioms grouped together on the basis of the themes of their components have led to the conclusion that in Czech and Russian idioms, the image of wealth is often interpreted through the images of money, storage, satiety, food (mostly fat-heavy and also sweet – in Russian idioms), fantastic abundance, etc. For the Russian dialect phraseology, we describe one characteristic syntactic model, which marks a rich person: one cannot be reached / hurt with any tool. This model was not found in Czech idioms. A comparative analysis showed that in Russian dialect phraseology, which characterizes a comfortable life, one often observes tautological constructions with the lexeme ‘live’. In the Czech part of the materials, there was no tautology. Thanks to the dialectal phraseology the materials for the comparative study of the Czech and Russian idioms have qualitatively and quantitatively grown. Because of these dialectal units, parallels in the semantics and syntactic structure of many phraseological phrases in the studied languages have been made obvious. We have also managed to identify several Czech-Russian phraseological internationalisms, further historical and etymological study of which seems to bring us closer to the issue of the typological or genetic similarity of these idioms in two Slavic languages. Usage of dialect phraseology also lets us reveal several syntactic features typical only for Russian phraseology.

Investigating the Effect of Formation of Communicative and Pragmatic Competence in Phraseology in Educating Foreign Philological Students

This article deals with the analysis of the factors influencing the formation of communicative and pragmatic competence in the process of teaching foreign students of the Faculty of Philology, Department of Russian Phraseology. The authors prove that the system of training future teachers of Russian has no sections and courses aimed at the formation of communicative and pragmatic competence in Russian phraseology. The study of the assimilation of phraseological units was carried out in several stages. The first is related to the definition of the level of knowledge of the phraseological system of the Russian language. The second is the level of understanding of certain phraseological units by philology students. The third is the ability to express an evaluative attitude towards someone using phraseological units. The fourth is related to the ability to use phraseological units when evaluating something, any event, phenomena.

The Symbol “Salt” and Its Reflection in the Russian Phraseology

The Symbol “Salt” and Its Reflection in the Russian Phraseology

Рецензия на книгу: Мокиенко В.М., Никитина Т.Г. Русская диалектная фразеография: дифференциальные и полные словари / Ред. Х. Вальтер. СПб.-Greifswald: СПбГУ-Universitat Greifswald, 2019. 310

The questions of lexicographic description of phraseology of Russian territorial and social dialects are considered. Special attention is paid to the problems of the vocabulary representation of phraseological semantics, historical and etymological commenting on phraseological units and the reflection of the peculiarities of their functioning in the modern sociocultural context. The book is intended for philologists, culturologists, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the problems of Russian phraseology and lexicography.

FOOD CODE OF CULTURE IN ENGLISH, UKRAINIAN AND GREEK PHRASEOLOGY

The article focuses on the study of phraseological units with food component in the context of linguo-culturology. The final aim of the work is to describe and compare the linguistic, cultural and national peculiarities of food component in English, Greek and Ukrainian phraseological units thus revealing linguocultural food code of each linguo-culture. The objective determined the tasks of the research: to define the terms “phraseological unit”, “linguo-cultural code”, “linguo-culturology”, “food”, “nutrition”; to describe the fragments of English, Greek and Ukrainian linguistic world image through the phraseological units with food component; to single out the most frequent food components in English, Greek and Ukrainian phraseology and to define their connotative and semantic meaning; to divide the investigated material into groups according to the names and semantics of food components; to give linguo-cultural description of each of the abovementioned groups. Research has been done on the basis of the English and Ukrainian Phraseological Dictionary by K. Barantsev, Shortened Greek and Russian Phraseological Dictionary by O.V. Patrunova and Phraseological Dictionary of Ukrainian Language. The volume of the investigated material is 835 English phraseological units, 340 Greek phraseological units and 487 Ukrainian phraseological units obtained by consecutive selection. Our study relies substantially on the application of linguistic descriptive methodology and devices. The paper singles out the most frequent lexical groups : food, actions of cooking, feeding and eating, bakery, kitchen utensils, physical properties of food, drinks, cooking techniques, et cetera, with food prevailing (40,8% in English, 33% in Greek and 34,7% in Ukrainian). The most frequent food components are to eat (5,8%), τρώω (to eat) (17,6%) and їсти (8,9%), which proves that basic frequent food components in the researched languages mostly coincide.

СООТНОШЕНИЕ БЫТОВОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ С ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КАРТИНОЙ МИРА НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РУССКОЙ И ВЬЕТНАМСКОЙ ОБИХОДНО-БЫТОВОЙ ЛЕКСИКИ

The article considers terminological issues involving the clarification of the “colloquial vocabulary” conception. The Russian phraseological worldview is examined from the viewpoint of the Vietnamese linguo-culture bearer, with a focus on describing the lexico-semantic group of kinship, the semantics of which contains a substantial national and cultural component; the interrelation of actual existence and phraseological worldview is analysed. The research findings can be used while compiling courses, textbooks on the Russian phraseology for the Vietnamese students.

Reflection of Religious Worldviews in Arabic, English, and Russian Phraseology

Reflection of Religious Worldviews in Arabic, English, and Russian Phraseology

Концептуальная дихотомия «бог» - «дьявол» в русинской фразеологии и паремиологии (на славянском фоне)

Концептуальная дихотомия «бог» - «дьявол» в русинской фразеологии и паремиологии (на славянском фоне)

The place and role of the methonymic image in the formation of the medieval phraseology fund (on the basis of the “Dictionary of the Russian language of the 11th-17th centuries”)

The article is dedicated to the problem connected with the study of the specifics of the semanticstructure of phraseological units of the Great Russian nationality epoch. The aim of the this work is toclarify the ways of establishing, developing and further formation of phraseology fund of the MiddleAges, and the Russian phraseology fund as a whole is formed. On the basis of the analysis of the idiom’sinternal form, the units constructed on methonymic transfer are selected for the study by idiom. Theclassification of the language material has made it possible to identify several types of methonymictransfer, which are actively involved in the formation of the medieval Russian phraseology. For each typeof methonymic transfer examples of language units from different spheres of operation are given. Theanalysis of the language material took into account the specifics of the medieval book culture, in particularthe sphere of the use of phraseological units (religious, legal and military spheres). In this article thefollowing methods and techniques of studying and descriptions of the idioms had been used: descriptivemethod with some elements of component analysis; the technique of complete sampling of the facts;classification; the technique of statistics. As a result, the study highlighted the most productive types ofmethonymic image underlying the formation of sustainable units. The study made it possible to clarifythe ways in which the phraseological fund of the Middle Ages was formed. The study evaluates this periodas one of the important stages, which determined

A Model of Phraseosemantic Field of Temporality in Russian Phraseology

The article deals with the expressions of time (the sample includes about 500 phraseological units with the temporal meaning) in the Russian worldview on the material of Russian phraseology. Phraseological units are analyzed alongside with the construction of a semantic field: such approach allows distinguishing the peculiarities of understanding of time by a concrete ethnos and helps to reveal the cultural-historical stereotypes based on the national mentality and religious ideas. A group of phraseological units with the common semantic component “time” is treated in the paper as a phraseosemantic field. The notion of time may be the basic one in the semantic structure of a phraseological unit; temporality may be also expressed in the form of a characteristic of a phenomenon, process or quality. In accordance with various degree of semantic proximity of phraseological units, the phraseosemantic field is subdivided into segments, and they, in their turn, are broken into microsegments (for example, the segment - units with the meaning of a stretch of time, microsegments - the initial phase of an action, the phase of the maximum manifestation of the properties, the final phase of an action). The article singles out 13 segments of the phraseosemantic field under study and defines its structure (the core phraseological units reflect the temporal notions from a distance, as a manifestation of changeability; around the core of the field there are groups of phraseological units the meanings of which, alongside the temporal seme, incorporate other ones, characterizing a concrete situation or object). It is noted that the differences between the units of the same segment may be either denotative or expressive-stylistical (some of them are typical of the literary style, while others have the features of the low colloquial nature). The author considers the mechanisms of transfer of meaning and idiomatization which result in the emergence of phraseological units and the process of metaphorization. Special attention is paid to nationally-specific units, and specifically to those associated with historical realia. It is convenient to represent the structure of the phraseosemantic field in the form of radar chart (in which the core area is surrounded by a number of sectors).

PHRASEOLOGY AS A CORPUS OF ETHNO-CULTURAL MEANINGS IN RUSSIAN AND CHINESE LINGUOCULTURES

. The article analyzes phraseological units with the meaning “time” in Russian and Chinese. The author proves that the study of phraseology from the point of view of its ability to accumulate and translate the ethno-cultural specificity of mentality of a certain ethnos via the contrastive method can be efficient and effective. The study primarily reveals the national-cultural specificity of phraseological units. Analysis of the internal history of a phraseological unit against the background of the culturological component and the national identity of the peoples is the author’s main investigation technique. The article highlights the importance for phraseology of traditional peasant culture and the annual cycle of agricultural work: knowledge about nature, about improving soil fertility have always been significant for the peasants and have been reflected in the linguistic worldview. Russian phraseology associated first and foremost with the change of the seasons is predominated by didacticism; it focuses on the designation of the necessary seasonal activity, which can be attributed to severe climate, and describes spring and summer as specially desired when cold weather is over and the nature greets the people with bright colors. The images of the seasons in Chinese are viewed through the prism of living conditions; natural phenomena are used to reflect the events of social life. The phraseologisms embody the ethno-psychological specificity of the people: for example, the Chinese language has many phraseological units expressing the thought about the necessity of long work, which reflects the resilience and industry of the Chinese people. The common semantic feature of the phraseology of the languages under comparison consists in the negative emotional evaluation of slowing down business activity.

Отражение национально-культурного аспекта в китайских и русских фразеологизмах

Отражение национально-культурного аспекта в китайских и русских фразеологизмах

Croatian and Russian phraseology through the lens of gender

In Croatian phraseology, until recently, there has not been a systematic research of gender elements in idioms. Gender has remained almost entirely outside the scope of research interest of Croatian phraseologists. In order to fill this gap in the linguistic study of gender, extensive research was conducted into gender-marked idioms, which is presented in this paper. The research included gender-marked idioms of the Croatian language in comparison with Russian idioms as an attempt to show how gender stereotypes appear on the phraseological level in Croatian and Russian and how the concepts of MASCULINITY and FEMININITY are formed in the two languages by using phraseological mechanisms. The results of the research have shown how gender is generally conceptualized as a socio-cultural category and how the concepts of ‘man’ and ‘woman’ are created on established images and stereotypes inherent in the phraseology of these two related languages and cultures that use them. Furthermore, the research has confirmed the assumption of the dominant similarity between the conceptualization of ‘woman’ and ‘man’ in the Croatian and Russian androcentric oriented culture as reflected in phraseology and has shown insignificant differences, conditioned by specific national and cultural stereotypes and the established notions of the gender roles among individuals of both sexes.

Пространственный код культуры ценностной картины мира (на материале русской, украинской, английской и немецкой фразеологии)

Пространственный код культуры ценностной картины мира (на материале русской, украинской, английской и немецкой фразеологии)